Unit 3教材原文助读6-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲 教材助读 语基默写】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

本讲义聚焦中国文学国际传播这一核心主题，通过四位国际汉学家的访谈，系统呈现中国文学作品的海外接受情况。配套词汇表（如Sinologist、prior to等）、文化采风（《史记》《红楼梦》等）及语法解析（定语从句、宾语从句），构建从词汇积累到语篇理解再到跨文化认知的学习支架。 该资料突出文化意识与语言能力培养，以《三十六计》海外畅销、《史记》与《荷马史诗》对比等实例，助力学生理解中外文化共鸣。语法解析辅助语言能力提升，课中可作为讨论素材激发思维，课后词汇表与文化拓展帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺。

Unit 3教材原文助读6 ①Sinologist [sɑI'nɒlədʒIst]n.汉学家 ②temple ['temp(ə)l] n．[C]庙宇，寺院 Shaolin Temple少林寺 ③fall in love with 爱上(表示动作) be in love with爱上……(表示状态) ④Chinese kung fu中国功夫 ⑤tune [tjuːn] n．[C]曲调，旋律 theme tune主题曲 ⑥shepherd ['ʃepəd] n．[C]牧羊人 ⑦Chinese Studies汉学 ⑧academic major主修专业 ⑨prior to在……之前，先于…… prior ['praIə] adj.先前的；较早的 ⑩expose vt.使接触，使体验 be exposed to 接触，体验 ⑪encounter [In'kaʊntə(r)] n．[C]邂逅，遭遇，冲突 ⑫genius ['dʒiːniəs] n．天才，天赋 ⑬have a profound effect on对……有重大影响 ⑭passion ['pæʃn] n.激情；酷爱 have a passion for... 对……的强烈爱好，酷爱…… ⑮stimulating ['stImjuleItIŋ] adj.趣味盎然的，激励人的，振奋人心的 ⑯chamber ['tʃeImbə] n．[C]房间 ⑰romance [rəʊ'mæns] n．[C]传奇故事 ⑱kingdom ['kIŋdəm] n．[C]王国 ⑲as to关于 ⑳in addition另外(＝except) in addition to除了……还有(＝besides) publishing house出版社 tend to do往往会/常常做 look to指望；注意 keep an eye on留意；照看，留神 Thirty-six Stratagems 《三十六计》 stratagem ['strætədʒəm] n．[C]计谋，策略 see v．看见；见证 (＝witness) well-received adj.受欢迎的 think highly of...高度评价…… chord [kɔːd] n．[C] 和弦；弦 strike a chord引起共鸣 【文化采风】 1．Shi Ji, written by Sima Qian, was the first general history of China ever to be produced. Considered a masterpiece, it covers major events and personalities over a period of about 3，000 years. It has 130 chapters and contains more than 520，000 words. 2．The epic poems the Iliad and the Odýsseia are the two key works of Ancient Greek literature. Yet, little is known of Homer, the poet who the Ancient Greeks believed to have penned them. 3．Cao Xueqin's Dream of the Red Chamber, or A Dream of Red Mansions or The Story of the Stone, is considered one of China's Four Great Classical Novels. Documenting the rise and fall of a family, it provides a fascinating insight into the life of Chinese society in the 18th century. READING CHINA [1]The world of Chinese literature is one that is familiar to us all. [2]But have you ever stopped to wonder what works are read outside of China and how they are received? Today, four Sinologists① and translators share their experience of Chinese literature with us. They are： Petko, aged 43 from Bulgaria Annelous, aged 34 from the Netherlands Joachim, aged 25 from France Mai, aged 28 from Egypt [1]本句为主从复合句。句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词one。 [2]本句为主从复合句。句中what和how均引导宾语从句，作wonder的宾语。 Q1: How__did__you__get__interested__in__Chinese__literature? Petko: It all started with a movie I watched when I was a boy—The Shaolin Temple②. That movie gave me so many reasons to fall in love with③ China. I was amazed by Chinese kung fu④， of course—everyone loves kung fu, don't they? I also thought the Chinese language sounded so beautiful, and I found that I liked Chinese music, too—I just loved the movie's theme tune⑤， Song of the Shepherd⑥． Annelous: I became interested in languages at a young age. When I started high school, I began reading books about Chinese history and culture, and this inspired me to choose Chinese Studies⑦ as my academic major⑧ at university. Joachim：When I was 15 years old, my mother bought me a copy of the classic Shi Ji, or Records of the Grand Historian. Prior to⑨ that, the only great historical works [3]I had been exposed⑩ to were Homer's epic poems. Records of the Grand Historian was my first encounter⑪ with Chinese classical literature. After reading it, I realised the true genius⑫ of China's “Grand Historian”， Sima Qian. His writing had a profound effect on⑬ me, and I have this to thank for my passion⑭ for Chinese literature. Mai：I gradually fell in love with Chinese literature when I started working as a translator. Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt are from the English-speaking world, so [4]reading Chinese literature was a stimulating⑮ and inspiring experience. [3]此处为定语从句，省略了关系代词that，修饰先行词the only great historical works。 [4]此处为动词-ing形式作主语。 Q2: How__do__you__select__works__to__translate? Petko：I particularly like classical Chinese literature, especially works from the Ming and Qing dynasties. I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber⑯ the first time I read it, and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian. Now that this dream has come true, my next goal is to translate The Romance⑰ of the Three Kingdoms⑱． Annelous: In the Netherlands, [5]the decision as to⑲ which works of Chinese literature get translated is largely influenced by the opinions of respected Sinologists. In addition⑳， publishing houses tend to look to other countries to see which Chinese works have sold well there. I've so far translated the writings of several young Chinese authors, and I'm looking forward to their new works. Joachim: I just go with what I like and what I am interested in.I've translated some poems by Dai Wangshu. Right now, I'm doing research into popular literature in Shanghai at the start of the 20th century. Mai：I don't care if a writer is popular or not. What interests me most is the work itself. I've translated some works by authors such as Xi Murong and Bi Shumin. I also keep a close eye on what's being self-published online by new, young authors—they have some good ideas. [5]此处句子主干为“the decision is largely influenced by the opinions of respected Sinologists”；“as to...translated”属于介词短语作后置定语，修饰decision；“which works of Chinese literature get translated”是which引导的宾语从句，作as to的宾语，which在从句中作定语。 Q3: Which__works__by__Chinese__writers__are__popular__in__your__country? Petko: Thirty-six Stratagems has sold more than 1，000 copies in Bulgaria. [6]When you consider that here the best a writer can usually hope for is to sell a few hundred copies of their work, Thirty-six Stratagems is a best-seller in Bulgaria! Annelous：Each year [7]sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands, and they are well-received. [8]The people that buy and read these books do so because they want to learn more about Chinese culture and everyday life in China. On the whole, I do have to admit that here, people's knowledge of Chinese literature is rather limited. Joachim: Many works by modern writers such as Lu Xun and Shen Congwen have been translated into French. And the novels of some contemporary writers also sell quite well in Franch. Literature has a lot of significance to the French, and Chinese literary works tend to be highly thought of． Mai: Egyptians like literature [9]that reflects human nature and experience. A couple of good examples of this are “Fond Memories of Autumn” by Shi Tiesheng and “Street Scene” by Zhou Guoping. I think Egypt and China are closely connected and both have a lot in common. Because of this, Chinese literary works really strike a chord in the hearts of Egyptian readers. [6]本句为主从复合句。句中When引导时间状语从句，从句中的consider后是that引导的宾语从句；在宾语从句中，“a writer can usually hope for”是定语从句，修饰先行词the best；“to sell...work”是不定式短语作表语。 [7]此处为“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，publish与works之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式。 [8]本句为主从复合句。句中的that引导定语从句，修饰The people；because引导原因状语从句。 [9]此处为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词literature, that在从句中作主语。 解读中国 我们都对中国文学世界再熟悉不过了。但是你有没有停下来想过，在中国以外的地方，人们都读过哪些中国文学作品？这些作品受到怎样的评价？今天，四位汉学家和译者将给我们分享他们有关中国文学的经历。他们是： 佩特科，43岁，来自保加利亚 安妮鲁斯，34岁，来自荷兰 若阿基姆，25岁，来自法国 马伊，28岁，来自埃及 问题1：你是如何对中国文学感兴趣的？ 佩特科：一切都要从我小时候看的一部电影——《少林寺》说起。那部电影给了我很多让我爱上中国的理由。我叹服于中国功夫，当然——人人都喜欢功夫，不是吗？我还觉得中文听起来那么美，而且我发现我也喜欢中国的音乐——我特别喜欢那部电影的主题曲《牧羊曲》。 安妮鲁斯：我从小就对语言感兴趣。上高中的时候，我开始读中国历史和文化方面的书，这激励我在大学选择了主修汉学专业。 若阿基姆：我15岁的时候，妈妈给我买了一本经典名著《史记》。在此之前，我唯一接触过的历史巨作是《荷马史诗》。《史记》是我接触的第一部中国的经典文学作品。通过阅读《史记》，我领略了中国“太史公”司马迁的真正才华。他的文章对我影响很大，我也因此十分喜爱中国文学。 马伊：我开始从事翻译工作后，渐渐爱上了中国文学。埃及大多数文学译作来自说英语的国家，所以阅读中国文学作品是很有趣的，而且能让人受到启发。 问题2：你是如何选择作品来翻译的？ 佩特科：我特别喜欢中国古典文学，尤其是明清时期的作品。我第一次读《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它，并决心把它译成保加利亚语。既然这个梦想已经实现了，我的下一个目标是翻译《三国演义》。 安妮鲁斯：在荷兰，受敬重的汉学家的意见在很大程度上影响翻译中国文学作品的选择。此外，出版社往往会参考在其他国家哪些中国作品畅销。到目前为止，我已经翻译了几位中国年轻作家的作品，并且我期待着他们的新作。 若阿基姆：我翻译作品完全是随着喜好和兴趣来。我翻译了几首戴望舒的诗。现在，我正在研究20世纪初上海的通俗文学。 马伊：我不在乎一个作家是否受欢迎。作品本身才最吸引我。我翻译过席慕蓉和毕淑敏等作家的一些作品。我还密切关注新的年轻作者在网上发表的作品——他们有一些不错的想法。 问题3：哪些中国作家的作品在你的国家受欢迎？ 佩特科：《三十六计》在保加利亚卖出了一千多本。当你考虑到，在保加利亚，作者通常期待他们的作品卖出的最高数量也才几百本，《三十六计》算是畅销书了！ 安妮鲁斯：每年都见证了更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，它们很受欢迎。人们购买和阅读这些书籍是想要更多地了解中国的文化和日常生活。总的来说，我确实不得不承认，在这里，人们对中国文学的了解相当有限。 若阿基姆：像鲁迅、沈从文等现代作家的许多作品都被译成了法语。一些当代作家的小说在法国也很畅销。文学对法国人来说意义重大，中国的文学作品往往获得很高的评价。 马伊：埃及人喜欢反映人性和人生经历的文学。其中，史铁生的《秋天的怀念》和周国平的《街头即景》就是很好的例子。我认为埃及和中国联系紧密，有许多共同之处。正因为如此，中国文学作品才真正引起了埃及读者内心的共鸣。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $