Unit 2 The things around us（重难词汇精练）英语沪教版必修第三册

Unit 2 The things around us重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、单句语法填空 1 题型二、单词拼写 3 题型三、完成句子 5 综合攻坚·能力跃升 6 题型一、语篇语法填空 6 题型二、应用文写作 8 题型一、单句语法填空 1．We learned in class how weather can affect a country’s (economy) development. 【答案】economic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们在课堂上学习了天气如何影响一个国家的经济发展。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，economy的形容词形式是economic。故填economic。 2．Mark held his (breathe ) and stared at the barber’s face in the mirror. 【答案】breath 【详解】考查名词。句意：马克屏住呼吸，盯着镜子里理发师的脸。设空处应填名词作动词held的宾语，构成固定短语hold one’s breath，表示“屏住呼吸”。故填breath。 3．They found their computers producing different results from exactly the same (calculate). 【答案】calculation 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们发现他们的电脑在进行完全相同的计算时，得出了不同的结果。空处作介词from的宾语，其前有形容词same修饰，名词calculation“计算”符合题意。故填calculation。 4．Actually I was amazed at the (treat) room — it didn’t look like a medical clinic at all. 【答案】treatment 【详解】考查名词。句意：说实话，我当时被这间治疗室惊艳到了 —— 它看起来完全不像一间医疗诊室。空处应用提示词的名词形式treatment“治疗”，修饰名词room，表示房间的用处。故填treatment。 5．It will take a week for your (apply) to be processed. 【答案】application 【详解】考查名词。句意：你的申请需要一周时间来处理。根据空格前的形容词性物主代词your可知，此处应填apply的名词application，作介词for的宾语，表示“申请”。故填application。 6．I have been busy preparing all the broken office (equip) these days. 【答案】equipment 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些天我一直在忙着准备所有损坏的办公设备。本空作have been busy preparing的宾语，用名词equipment“设备”不可数。故填equipment。 7．The problem (explain) twice. But I still can’t understand it. 【答案】has been explained 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：这个问题已经被解释两次了。但我仍然不明白。根据twice可知，此处强调动作已经完成且对现在有影响，时态用现在完成时；主语The problem与动词explain“解释”为被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态；主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been explained。 8．This experience was highly spoken of by every student, who gained a deeper insight into (advance) Chinese technology. 【答案】advanced 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这次经历受到了每位学生的高度评价，他们对先进的中国技术有了更深刻的认识。根据空后名词短语“Chinese technology”可知，空处需用形容词作定语；advance对应的形容词为advanced，意为“先进的”，符合句意及语法要求。故填advanced。 9．Symphony No. 9 was Beethoven’s last major piece of music in a vast body of works written throughout his (remark) life. 【答案】remarkable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：《第九交响曲》是贝多芬在其非凡的一生中创作的众多作品中的最后一部主要音乐作品。空处修饰其后的名词“life”，需用形容词形式，作定语，remark的形容词形式为remarkable，意为“非凡的”，符合语境。故填remarkable。 10．Soon she was crying (bitter) about the pain and was holding her throat. 【答案】bitterly 【详解】考查副词。句意：很快，她就因为疼痛痛哭起来，还紧紧抓着自己的喉咙。空格处需修饰动词“crying”，需用副词形式作状语。所给词“bitter”是形容词，意为“痛苦的、剧烈的”，其副词形式为“bitterly”。故填bitterly。 11．The research team achieved a (remark) breakthrough in developing sustainable energy storage solutions. 【答案】remarkable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：该研究团队在开发可持续能源存储解决方案方面取得了显著突破。根据空前冠词a和空后名词breakthrough可知，此空应是形容词作定语。remark的形容词形式是remarkable，意为“显著的；非凡的”。故填remarkable。 12．The whole (operate) was performed in less than twenty minutes. 【答案】operation 【详解】考查名词。句意：整个手术在不到二十分钟的时间内完成。提示词作主语，用可数名词operation，意为“手术”，结合助动词was可知，主语是单数名词。故填operation。 13．Almost no (live) things can live without water. 【答案】living 【详解】考查形容词。句意：几乎没有生物能离开水而生存。修饰名词things，表示“活的”应用形容词living作定语，living things“生物”。故填living。 14．I’m sorry, but the seats (reserve) for the old already. 【答案】have been reserved/are reserved 【详解】考查时态。句意：对不起，这座位已经为老人们预定了。根据句意可知，此处可看作陈述说话时的情况，用一般现在时；也看作过去的动作对现在造成的影响，即座位已经被预定（不能再预定了），用现在完成时；主语the seats和reserve之间是被动关系，且为复苏，故填have been reserved/are reserved。 15．We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants (replace) functions of the things that we use every day.. 【答案】to replace 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们正在考虑如何才能改变植物的基因结构，使它们代替我们每天使用的这些东西的功能……根据句意可知，此处表示为了让它们代替，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to replace。 16．She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming, heavy (flood) and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas. 【答案】flooding 【详解】考查名词。句意：她开车经历过怀俄明州时速55英里的大风，阿拉巴马州的洪水泛滥和暴风雨以及堪萨斯州的完全乳白天空的状况。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作“through”的宾语，“flood”意为“淹没”，动词词性，空格处应用“flooding”，意为“水灾”，“heavy flooding”表示“洪水泛滥”，是一种极端天气，符合语境。故填flooding。 17．She (rescue) from the burning building, but her leg was injured. 【答案】was rescued 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：她从着火的大楼里被救了出来，但她的腿受了伤。设空处在句中做谓语，与主语She之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；结合后面的谓语动词was injured可知，此处表示过去发生的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语she是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填was rescued。 18．Generally speaking, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, the (major) of them are over the age of fifty. 【答案】majority 【详解】考查名词。句意：一般来说，如果你看一场古典音乐会的观众，大多数都是50岁以上的人。此处做主语，应用名词majority，the majority of“……的大多数；大部分”。故填majority。 19．All possible means have (try) to find a way to settle the problem. 【答案】been tried 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：为了找到解决这个问题的方法，已经想尽了一切可能的办法。分析句意可知，空格处为谓语动词，且已经存在助动词have，可知应该使用完成时，因为主语means“办法”与动词try“尝试”为被动关系，故应该使用现在完成时的被动语态have been done。故填been tried。 20．The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up (sweat) and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself. 【答案】sweating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在参加马拉松比赛的前一天晚上，我梦见自己甚至找不到终点线。我醒来时汗流浃背，紧张不安，但准备向自己证明一些事情。sweat与逻辑主语I构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填sweating。 题型二、单词拼写 21．The traveler’s face was covered with (昆虫) bites. 【答案】insect 【详解】考查名词。句意：旅行者的脸上满是昆虫叮咬的痕迹。根据汉语提示“昆虫”，对应的英文名词是insect；此处insect bites表示“昆虫叮咬”，用单数形式作定语修饰bites。故填insect。 22．They will make a handsome (利润) on the property. 【答案】profit 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们将从这处房产上获得可观的利润。a是不定冠词，后接可数名词单数，profit作名词，意为“利润”，在句中作make的宾语。故填profit。 23．This species has nearly died out because its (栖息地) is being destroyed. 【答案】habitat 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于栖息地被破坏，这个物种已几乎灭绝。根据汉语提示“栖息地”及句子结构，此处需用名词作从句的主语，且由其谓语is可知应用单数。故填habitat。 24．The money will be used to repair faulty (设备) . 【答案】equipment 【详解】考查名词。句意：这笔钱将用于修复出现故障的设备。形容词faulty后接名词形式，在句中作宾语。名词“设备”英文为equipment，为不可数名词。故填equipment。 25．Don’t (犹豫) to ask for help when you meet difficulties in your study. 【答案】hesitate 【详解】考查动词。句意：当你在学习中遇到困难时，不要犹豫去寻求帮助。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“犹豫”应用动词hesitate；本句为祈使句的否定形式，Don’t后接动词原形。故填hesitate。 26．There was an (令人尴尬的) moment when she didn’t know whether to shake hands with the man. 【答案】awkward 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有那么一个尴尬的时刻，她不知道是否该和那个男人握手。awkward是形容词，意为“令人尴尬的”，在句中作定语修饰moment，描述当时时刻的性质。故填awkward。 27．Quality is more important than (数量). 【答案】quantity 【详解】考查名词。句意：质量比数量更重要。根据汉语提示可知用名词quantity，作宾语，根据句意，此处用作不可数名词，故填quantity。 28．There’s no use (抗议); I won’t change my mind. 【答案】protesting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：抗议是没有用的；我不会改变主意的。“抗议”是protest，There’s no use doing sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是没有用的”，因此空格处用动名词，作宾语。故填protesting。 29．The firemen managed to (救出) all the people trapped in the burning building. 【答案】rescue 【详解】考查动词。句意：消防员们成功地救出了被困在燃烧建筑中的所有人。根据汉语提示可知用动词rescue，此处为短语manage to do sth.“设法成功地做某事”，在动词不定式符号to后用动词原形。故填rescue。 30．Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects (承认) internationally. 【答案】have been recognized 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：王获奖意味着中国建筑师已经得到了国际上的认可。“承认”对应的英文动词是recognize，作谓语，和主语之间是被动关系，表此处描述过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，助动词用have。故填have been recognized。 题型三、完成句子 31．村民们把迷路的游客从森林里救出来。 The villagers the lost visitors the forest. 【答案】 rescued from 【详解】考查一般过去时及短语。“把……从……救出来”用rescue... from... 。句子描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，rescue的过去式是rescued。故填rescued；from。 32．我的指导老师建议我报名参加高级文学课程。 My adviser recommended that . 【答案】I (should) sign up for advanced literature 【详解】考查动词短语和虚拟语气。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“我报名参加高级文学课程”，作为that引导的宾语从句的内容，表示“我”应用I；表示“报名参加”应用sign up for，recommended表示“建议”，其后面that引导的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用(should) do；表示“高级文学课程”应用advanced literature。故填I (should) sign up for advanced literature。 33．这些数据是第一次被披露出来。 This is the first time that these figures have been . 【答案】 brought to light 【详解】考查动词短语。根据横线的数量，这里需要一个三个单词的短语，表示“披露”，可以考虑bring sth. to light，意思是“揭示；披露”。再观察从句的谓语使用了被动语态，故将动词bring变成过去分词brought。故答案是brought to light。 34．A huge amount of environmental damage has been by the destruction of the rain forests. 热带雨林的破坏导致了巨大的环境破坏。 【答案】 brought about 【详解】考查动词短语和现在完成时的被动语态。根据“has been”和“by the destruction...”及句意可知，该句为现在完成时的被动语态，故空处应为动词的过去分词形式；表示“导致”为动词短语bring about，符合句意。故空①填brought，空②填about。 35．五一节那天，尽管下雨，街上还是挤满了人。 The streets were full of people on May Day the rainy weather. 【答案】 in spite of 【详解】考查介词短语。“尽管”in spite of为固定短语，后接名词the rainy weather作宾语。故填①in；②spite；③of。 36．救援工作进行了一整天，救援人员已经筋疲力竭了。 After a long day of rescue work, the rescue workers has been . 【答案】worn out 【详解】考查短语。结合汉语提示可知，空处的含义为“筋疲力竭”，短语：wear out“筋疲力竭”，与主语workers是被动关系，结合空前“has been”可知句子使用了现在完成时的被动语态，所以空处动词用过去分词。故填worn out。 37．这是今年出版的最佳书作。 This is the best book this year. 【答案】 that has been published 【详解】考查定语从句。表示“出版”用动词publish，和主语之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时的被动语态，限制性定语从句，修饰先行词单数名词book，先行词由形容词最高级修饰，应用关系代词that引导，作主语。主谓一致，表示“（今年）出版的”为that has been published。故空1填that；空2填has；空3填been；空4填published。 38．显然，教育对一个国家的经济发展至关重要。 , education is central to a country’s development. 【答案】 Obviously economic 【详解】考查副词及形容词。根据句意及所给句子可知，第一空应用副词obviously“显然”，修饰整句话，作状语；第二空使用形容词economic“经济的”，修饰名词development，作定语。故填①Obviously；②economic。 39．这个公司将总计投资160万元购置新设备。 The company will invest $1.6m in . 【答案】 overall new equipment. 【详解】考查名词和副词。“总计”为副词overall，作状语，“新设备”为new equipment，作介词in的宾语，且equipment为不可数名词，故填①overall②new equipment。 40．这门课程对初学者和高阶学生都适合。 The course is both beginners and students. 【答案】 suitable/fit for advanced 【详解】考查固定短语和形容词。“适合”使用形容词suitable/fit作表语，be suitable/fit for sb适合某人，固定搭配，“高阶”使用形容词advanced作定语，修饰名词students，故填①suitable/fit②for③advanced。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高一上·上海浦东新·期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Can College Students Put Down Their Phones for an Hour? On many college campuses, students almost always carry their phones. They text while walking to class and scroll (滚动) through social media as they wait for lectures. Silence often becomes screen time, and conversation stops. One student, Seán Killingsworth, felt worried about this habit. “It was just like I 1 (talk) to a bunch of zombies (僵尸),” he said. He missed real conversation and wanted 2 (few) distractions. Driven by this concern, Killingsworth decided that he 3 (launch) the Reconnect Movement in 2023. The concept is simple yet bold in our digital age: students voluntarily hand over their phones at the door and spend an hour socializing without screens. Within these phone-free meetups, the atmosphere shifts greatly. Students stop 4 (reach) for their phones frequently. Instead, they gather around tables, listening to music 5 (share) through a single speaker and engaging in unmediated conversation. Club members acknowledge the initial difficulty: “At first, it can feel incredibly awkward,” one noted. Many instinctively reach for their phones 6 (relieve) social anxiety or fill silences. Yet, remarkably, within minutes, they relax and enjoy the conversation. Experts continue to debate smartphones’ complex impact on mental health. Some studies highlight significant benefits from digital withdrawal in reducing anxiety and boosting mood, while 7 emphasize social media’s role in fostering expression and community for marginalized students. Students consistently report feeling more present, deeply reconnected with friends and classmates 8 they barely knew, and surprisingly refreshed. Killingsworth calls these gatherings “human connection habitats”, places 9 people can remember how natural conversation feels. The movement’s core vision extends beyond the meetup hour. By purposefully focusing on the present and connecting with one another, participants notice how often they reach for a distraction. Through this conscious effort to balance technology 10 real interaction, the Reconnect Movement empowers students to reclaim the irreplaceable value of simply being together. 【答案】 1．was talking 2．fewer 3．would launch 4．reaching 5．shared 6．to relieve 7．others 8．whom/who/that 9．where 10．with 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是大学生Seán Killingsworth发起“重联运动”，通过无手机社交聚会帮助学生摆脱数字依赖、重建真实人际连接的故事。 1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“就好像我在跟一群僵尸说话，”他说。根据语境可知，此处表示“好像我正在跟一群僵尸说话”，由was可知，用过去进行时，主语是I，因此空格处是was talking。故填was talking。 2．考查比较级。句意：他怀念真实的对话，希望减少干扰。由He missed real conversation可知，此处表示想要更少的干扰，空格处意为“更少的”，用比较级fewer。故填fewer。 3．考查时态。句意：出于这种担忧，Killingsworth决定在203年发起“重联运动”。此处表示他决定将要发起“重联运动”，由decided可知，用过去将来时would launch，表示从过去看将要发生的动作。故填would launch。 4．考查动名词。句意：学生们不再频繁地伸手去拿手机。由下文“Instead, they gather around tables”可知，此处表示“学生们不再频繁地伸手去拿手机”，stop doing意为“停止做某事”，因此空格处用动名词reaching作宾语，故填reaching。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，他们围坐在桌旁，通过一个扬声器共享音乐，进行无中介的对话。句中谓语是gather，空格处用非谓语动词，music和share之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填shared。 6．考查不定式。句意：许多人会本能地伸手去拿手机，以缓解社交焦虑或填补沉默。根据语境可知，许多人拿手机的目的是缓解社交焦虑或填补沉默，因此空格处用不定式表目的，故填to relieve。 7．考查代词。句意：一些研究强调，戒除数字产品对减轻焦虑、提升情绪大有裨益；而另一些研究则强调社交媒体在促进边缘化学生表达自我和建立社群方面的作用。由Some studies可知，空格处意为“其他的研究”，用others。故填others。 8．考查定语从句。句意：学生们则一致表示，他们感觉更投入当下，与那些他们几乎不认识的朋友和同学重新建立了深厚的联系，而且令人意外的是，他们还感到精神焕发。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词friends and classmates是人，因此用关系代词whom/who/that，故填whom/who/that。 9．考查定语从句。句意：Killingsworth将这些聚会称为“人际连接栖息地”，在这里，人们可以重新找回自然对话的感觉。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词places是地方，因此用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。 10．考查介词。句意：通过这种有意识地平衡技术与真实互动的努力，“重联运动”赋予学生们力量，让他们重新夺回简单相聚的不可替代的价值。balance sth. with sth.是固定短语，意为“平衡某物和某物”，故填with。 （25-26高一上·上海徐汇·期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Volunteer Teaching in Guizhou After a long, exhausting day, Zhou finally dragged himself back to his tiny room. He 1 (work) non-stop for thirteen hours before he came back home. Tomorrow’s lessons still waited to be planned, so there was no time to rest. This 2 (become) Zhou’s daily routine ever since he arrived in Guizhou Province. A year earlier he graduated from university and obtained his teaching certificate. His parents, like most parents, dreamed that he 3 (find) a well-paid job in a big city. Likewise his friends packed their bags and headed for big cities like Shanghai or Beijing. Zhou felt differently, however. When he was still a pupil, he met several devoted teachers from remote villages, and he 4 (inspire) by them to go and teach where he was needed the most. For that reason he applied, and became a volunteer teacher in a village school. Bringing with him lots of books, Zhou traveled to the village 5 an eager heart. He imagined all sorts of exciting things about living independently and teaching in a village. However, not everything lived up to his hope. The school was much smaller than he had expected with only three classrooms 6 walls were covered with dust. In front of the classrooms, there was a playground 7 got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days. Living in the village was also more challenging than he had thought. The power and water supplies were unstable so he could only shower every three or four days. What made 8 harder was that the village was cut off from the outside world by heavy rains several times last month. More than once the thought of giving up flashed through his mind, but he refused to quit. He promised himself that he 9 (not leave) the children who needed him. Now, after half a year of hard work, the children’s smiles and progress have made all his efforts worthwhile. He often shares stories about the children 10 he is proud with his old classmates, and he has never regretted his decision. 【答案】 1．had worked /had been working 2．has become 3．would find 4．was inspired 5．with 6．whose 7．that/which 8．it 9．would not leave 10．of whom 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述大学生周某毕业后放弃大城市工作机会，前往贵州乡村支教的经历，描写了支教生活的艰辛，以及他坚守初心、从孩子们的成长中获得价值感的故事。 1．考查时态。句意：回家前，他已经连续工作了13个小时。“工作”的动作发生在“回家”之前，是过去的过去，需用过去完成时或过去完成进行时，表示过去动作一直持续到过去某个时间点。故填had worked或had been working。 2．考查时态。句意：自从来到贵州省，这就成了周某的日常。时间状语ever since（自从）是现在完成时的标志，主语this是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has become。 3．考查时态。句意：和大多数父母一样，他的父母梦想着他能在大城市找到一份高薪工作。动词dream后接宾语从句，表示过去要发生的事情，用过去将来时，结构为would + 动词原形。故填would find。 4．考查时态和语态。句意：他被这些老师激励，想去最需要他的地方教书。主语he与动词inspire是被动关系（被激励），且动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were + 过去分词。故填was inspired。 5．考查介词。句意：周带着许多书，满怀热忱地前往这个村子。此处用介词with表示“带着、怀着”，后接名词短语an eager heart作伴随状语。故填with。 6．考查定语从句关系词。句意：这所学校比他预想的小得多，只有三间墙壁布满灰尘的教室。先行词是three classrooms，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰walls，需用whose表示“……的”。故填whose。 7．考查定语从句关系词。句意：教室前面有一个操场，刮风天会积满灰尘，下雨天则变得泥泞不堪。先行词是a playground，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，可用that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 8．考查代词。句意：更糟糕的是，上个月这个村子好几次因为暴雨与外界失联。此处用代词it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句，构成“make it + 形容词”的结构。故填it。 9．考查时态。句意：他向自己承诺，不会离开这些需要他的孩子们。promised后接宾语从句，从句需用过去将来时，表示从过去的角度看将要发生的动作，否定形式为would not + 动词原形。故填would not leave。 10．考查定语从句关系词。句意：他经常和老同学分享那些让他感到自豪的孩子们的故事,他从未后悔过自己的这个决定。先行词是children，指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，且与be proud构成搭配be proud of，此处介词of可提前，用of whom引导定语从句；故填of whom。 题型二、应用文写作 （24-25高一下·上海·月考）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是李华，你的外国朋友汤姆(Tom)来信说他因为体重增加而担心自己的健康问题，并向你征求一些关于如何保持健康的建议。现在请你给汤姆(Tom)回信，告诉他应该如何保持健康。要点包括： (1)对他的体重现状表示关心，并分析可能的原因； (2)针对他的问题提出相关具体建议，并说明理由。 注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear that you have gained much weight and you are worried about your healthy problem. Maybe you don’t have time to exercise and push yourself a lot. Here are some suggestions about how to keep healthy. As we know, health is very important to everybody. First, you should do exercise if you have time or you can take a walk after supper. Second, you’d better take more vegetables and fruit, which will give you more vitamins and fiber. Finally, don’t put too much pressure on yourself and learn to rest. Health is the most valuable possession a person expects in his life. Try every means to keep fit and you will live a happy life.                                                                                                                                                                                      Yours,                                                                                                                                                                                      Lihua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国朋友汤姆写一封回信，给出一些关于如何保持健康的建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 建议：suggestion→ advice 重要的：important → vital 压力：pressure→ stress 保持健康：keep fit→ keep healthy 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：As we know, health is very important to everybody. 同义句：As we know, it is health that is very important to everybody. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Second, you’d better take more vegetables and fruit, which will give you more vitamins and fiber.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】First, you should do exercise if you have time or you can take a walk after supper.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 The things around us重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、单句语法填空 1 题型二、单词拼写 3 题型三、完成句子 5 综合攻坚·能力跃升 6 题型一、语篇语法填空 6 题型二、应用文写作 8 题型一、单句语法填空 1．We learned in class how weather can affect a country’s (economy) development. 2．Mark held his (breathe ) and stared at the barber’s face in the mirror. 3．They found their computers producing different results from exactly the same (calculate). 4．Actually I was amazed at the (treat) room — it didn’t look like a medical clinic at all. 5．It will take a week for your (apply) to be processed. 6．I have been busy preparing all the broken office (equip) these days. 7．The problem (explain) twice. But I still can’t understand it. 8．This experience was highly spoken of by every student, who gained a deeper insight into (advance) Chinese technology. 9．Symphony No. 9 was Beethoven’s last major piece of music in a vast body of works written throughout his (remark) life. 10．Soon she was crying (bitter) about the pain and was holding her throat. 11．The research team achieved a (remark) breakthrough in developing sustainable energy storage solutions. 12．The whole (operate) was performed in less than twenty minutes. 13．Almost no (live) things can live without water. 14．I’m sorry, but the seats (reserve) for the old already. 15．We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants (replace) functions of the things that we use every day.. 16．She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming, heavy (flood) and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas. 17．She (rescue) from the burning building, but her leg was injured. 18．Generally speaking, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, the (major) of them are over the age of fifty. 19．All possible means have (try) to find a way to settle the problem. 20．The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up (sweat) and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself. 题型二、单词拼写 21．The traveler’s face was covered with (昆虫) bites. 22．They will make a handsome (利润) on the property. 23．This species has nearly died out because its (栖息地) is being destroyed. 24．The money will be used to repair faulty (设备) . 25．Don’t (犹豫) to ask for help when you meet difficulties in your study. 26．There was an (令人尴尬的) moment when she didn’t know whether to shake hands with the man. 27．Quality is more important than (数量). 28．There’s no use (抗议); I won’t change my mind. 29．The firemen managed to (救出) all the people trapped in the burning building. 30．Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects (承认) internationally. 题型三、完成句子 31．村民们把迷路的游客从森林里救出来。 The villagers the lost visitors the forest. 32．我的指导老师建议我报名参加高级文学课程。 My adviser recommended that . 33．这些数据是第一次被披露出来。 This is the first time that these figures have been . 34．A huge amount of environmental damage has been by the destruction of the rain forests. 热带雨林的破坏导致了巨大的环境破坏。 35．五一节那天，尽管下雨，街上还是挤满了人。 The streets were full of people on May Day the rainy weather. 36．救援工作进行了一整天，救援人员已经筋疲力竭了。 After a long day of rescue work, the rescue workers has been . 37．这是今年出版的最佳书作。 This is the best book this year. 38．显然，教育对一个国家的经济发展至关重要。 , education is central to a country’s development. 39．这个公司将总计投资160万元购置新设备。 The company will invest $1.6m in . 40．这门课程对初学者和高阶学生都适合。 The course is both beginners and students. 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高一上·上海浦东新·期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Can College Students Put Down Their Phones for an Hour? On many college campuses, students almost always carry their phones. They text while walking to class and scroll (滚动) through social media as they wait for lectures. Silence often becomes screen time, and conversation stops. One student, Seán Killingsworth, felt worried about this habit. “It was just like I 1 (talk) to a bunch of zombies (僵尸),” he said. He missed real conversation and wanted 2 (few) distractions. Driven by this concern, Killingsworth decided that he 3 (launch) the Reconnect Movement in 2023. The concept is simple yet bold in our digital age: students voluntarily hand over their phones at the door and spend an hour socializing without screens. Within these phone-free meetups, the atmosphere shifts greatly. Students stop 4 (reach) for their phones frequently. Instead, they gather around tables, listening to music 5 (share) through a single speaker and engaging in unmediated conversation. Club members acknowledge the initial difficulty: “At first, it can feel incredibly awkward,” one noted. Many instinctively reach for their phones 6 (relieve) social anxiety or fill silences. Yet, remarkably, within minutes, they relax and enjoy the conversation. Experts continue to debate smartphones’ complex impact on mental health. Some studies highlight significant benefits from digital withdrawal in reducing anxiety and boosting mood, while 7 emphasize social media’s role in fostering expression and community for marginalized students. Students consistently report feeling more present, deeply reconnected with friends and classmates 8 they barely knew, and surprisingly refreshed. Killingsworth calls these gatherings “human connection habitats”, places 9 people can remember how natural conversation feels. The movement’s core vision extends beyond the meetup hour. By purposefully focusing on the present and connecting with one another, participants notice how often they reach for a distraction. Through this conscious effort to balance technology 10 real interaction, the Reconnect Movement empowers students to reclaim the irreplaceable value of simply being together. （25-26高一上·上海徐汇·期末）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Volunteer Teaching in Guizhou After a long, exhausting day, Zhou finally dragged himself back to his tiny room. He 1 (work) non-stop for thirteen hours before he came back home. Tomorrow’s lessons still waited to be planned, so there was no time to rest. This 2 (become) Zhou’s daily routine ever since he arrived in Guizhou Province. A year earlier he graduated from university and obtained his teaching certificate. His parents, like most parents, dreamed that he 3 (find) a well-paid job in a big city. Likewise his friends packed their bags and headed for big cities like Shanghai or Beijing. Zhou felt differently, however. When he was still a pupil, he met several devoted teachers from remote villages, and he 4 (inspire) by them to go and teach where he was needed the most. For that reason he applied, and became a volunteer teacher in a village school. Bringing with him lots of books, Zhou traveled to the village 5 an eager heart. He imagined all sorts of exciting things about living independently and teaching in a village. However, not everything lived up to his hope. The school was much smaller than he had expected with only three classrooms 6 walls were covered with dust. In front of the classrooms, there was a playground 7 got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days. Living in the village was also more challenging than he had thought. The power and water supplies were unstable so he could only shower every three or four days. What made 8 harder was that the village was cut off from the outside world by heavy rains several times last month. More than once the thought of giving up flashed through his mind, but he refused to quit. He promised himself that he 9 (not leave) the children who needed him. Now, after half a year of hard work, the children’s smiles and progress have made all his efforts worthwhile. He often shares stories about the children 10 he is proud with his old classmates, and he has never regretted his decision. 题型二、应用文写作 （24-25高一下·上海·月考）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是李华，你的外国朋友汤姆(Tom)来信说他因为体重增加而担心自己的健康问题，并向你征求一些关于如何保持健康的建议。现在请你给汤姆(Tom)回信，告诉他应该如何保持健康。要点包括： (1)对他的体重现状表示关心，并分析可能的原因； (2)针对他的问题提出相关具体建议，并说明理由。 注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $