Unit 2 Period 2 课后巩固 多维提能-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

本讲义聚焦被动语态这一核心语法点，构建“单句语法填空（基础应用）—语法与写作（语境表达）—语篇填空（语篇整合）”的学习支架，系统梳理不同时态被动语态的构成及运用逻辑。 资料以“基础巩固+能力提升”分层设计为亮点，通过Jules Verne生平语篇填空渗透文化意识，借助自然现象类比人生的阅读理解培养思维品质，助力学生在语言运用中提升分析与表达能力。课中可作为分层教学素材，课后能帮助学生查漏补缺，强化语法知识与语用能力。

[过基础　知识巩固] 维度一　单句语法填空 1．Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed(employ) only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area. 2．Nowadays, cell phones have features such as games, music and calendars and more new functions are being added(add). 3．The father was determined that none of his children would be denied(deny) an education, so he insisted that they learn at least one new thing each day. 4．As students, we are expected(expect) to work hard and achieve good grades in our studies. 5．(2021·天津卷6月)Mark is a genius.By the time he graduated, he had been offered(offer) jobs by a dozen computer companies. 6．Don't worry.The hard work that you do now will be repaid(repay) later in life. 7．By now over 400 million books written by Jack have been sold(sell).They sell(sell) well every time each of them comes(come) out. 8．The proposal for the new project must be considered(consider) carefully before any decision is made(make). 9．After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading，only to be told that it was being decorated(decorate). 维度二　语法与写作 1．最近，“气候焦虑”一词被用来更好地描述我们对气候变化日益增长的担忧。 Recently the term “climate anxiety” has been used to better describe our growing concerns about climate change. 2．在过去，人们经常听到这个女孩在她的房间里快乐地唱歌。 In the past, the girl was often heard to sing happily in her room. 3．我的洗衣机现在正在维修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。 My washing machine is being repaired now, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. 4．下周我们学校将举办一系列以“与自然和谐相处”为主题的教育活动。 A series of educational activities will be held in our school with the theme “Living in Harmony with Nature” in the coming week. 5．如果你仔细思考，这里没有什么问题难以解决。 No problem here is difficult to work out, if you think carefully enough. 维度三　语篇填空 Have you ever heard of Jules Verne? Actually, he 1.is considered(consider) to be an important author in France and most of European countries.Jules Verne was interested in science and literature from an early age.In 1847, Jules Verne 2.was sent (send) by his family to study law at a university in Paris, but he preferred to write novels, poems and plays, especially adventure stories.His first adventure novel, Five Weeks In a Balloon, 3.was published(publish) in 1863 and won popularity immediately.Actually, his writing career lasted for more than 40 years.Up to now, his books 4.have been translated(translate) into hundreds of languages, making him the second most translated author in the world.His creations 5.have been recognized(recognize) as an inspiration for many scientists and inventors for many years.Although Jules Verne passed away in 1905, he 6.will be remembered(remember) forever by the readers. [过能力　综合提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·宜宾高二阶段性考试)Having worked for more than a decade in finance in the oil industry in Canada, Tori Fahey found herself wanting more from life.But it wasn't through desperation that her circumstances changed, “I didn't get fed up and storm off, nothing like that; it was curiosity about other interests and wanting to experience something new.” Tori left her job and completed an MBA before setting up a move to New York to begin a degree.However, the opportunity of a year open to her between the MBA and the degree came up, and as a keen touring cyclist, Tori realised that a dream adventure was now becoming a possibility: “The ride in Africa had been on my fantasy list.It was a moment when I realised that I could do anything, so I should.” Tori rode across Africa, a 7，500-mile trip that took four months.The whole experience had a life-changing impact.Tori said, “Bicycles provide a literal freedom.You don't allow yourself to feel like that in everyday life because there are so many distractions.But when you're out on the bike and there's nothing else, you're really free to experience what life is.” Tori worked on projects with the UNDP (the United Nations Development Programme) in Montenegro with the aim of bringing investment in rural communities. It was while working on these projects that the seeds were sown for the next new investment.“It was through my trip across Africa that I discovered pannier and rack systems inconvenient and I was never going to use them again.” Little did she know this would lead her to start up her own company. In 2013, her company was born, producing storage solutions for people seeking to travel the world by bike, race across continents and carry all they need to do so.It's now a successful global brand, but Tori remains reflective about what else the company can do for people. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了托丽·费伊在非洲旅行期间感到很自由，对于生活的意义有了更深刻的理解，还因此创办了自己的公司的故事。 1．Why did Tori leave her job in Canada? A．She was bored with the job. B．She was disappointed with life. C．She wanted to add new things to her life. D．She found it hard to adjust to the circumstances. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Tori Fahey found herself wanting more from life” 及“it was curiosity about other interests and wanting to experience something new”可知，托丽辞掉她在加拿大的工作是因为她想体验新事物，给她的生活增添新的内容。 2．Which can best describe Tori's ride experience in Africa? A．Demanding. B．Liberating. C．Eventful. D．Dangerous. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容，尤其是“Bicycles provide a literal freedom.”可推知，托丽在非洲的骑行经历很自由。 3．Why did Tori launch her company? A．To encourage bicycle travelling. B．To make her investment profitable. C．To help cyclists carry travelling stuff. D．To increase the pleasure of riding bikes. C　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容及最后一段中的“producing storage solutions for people ... carry all they need to do so”可知，托丽创办公司是为了帮助骑自行车的人携带旅行物品。 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．A tough path to fame. B．An adventure across Africa. C．The benefits of green travelling. D．A story of finding new meaning of life. D　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了托丽·费伊辞掉工作去非洲进行了自行车旅行，在旅途中感到很自由，对于生活的意义有了更深刻的理解，还因此创办了自己的公司。因此，本文主要是关于托丽·费伊如何寻找生活的意义的故事。 B (2024·驻马店高级中学高二期中) Standing on the shore of a lake, I can't help but marvel at the tens or hundreds of thousands of small rocks that surround my boots.They were all created from hard surfaces, their edges weakening and softening over time. And I wonder, can we learn from a pile of rocks? Even the tallest mountains have worn down; none are as tall as they were 1，000 years ago.And much like a rock, I've found my attitude has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded year by year. Once, I too was a sharp rock covered in pointy edges.Today, after decades of the waters of life coursing over me, my edges are softer and I become more understanding.I'm less likely to judge and more interested in learning how we can exist together. But I'm not a rock.I'm a human being filled with all the drama built in my DNA． Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several people to leave for not wearing masks.Not forceful and not rude.On the door read a sign: “Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant.We don't like it either, but let's all do what we can to get through this abnormal situation together.” The group of young men wished to argue about the note. I sat watching, understanding both sides.I've been those guys before, using my youthful edges to chip away at the world.What I lost, however, was the ability to grow from experiences by looking through the eyes of others.In learning to be more open, I've also found more happiness and success. You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges.The former look for ways to adjust and make room for others; the latter never give an inch to accommodate others. Time, like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to seeing the world from others' points of view. I placed a rounded stone into my jacket pocket.Mother Nature is holding class again. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。作者将人的性格比作石子，正如石子因流水冲刷而变得更加圆滑，人随着时间推移而成长，不断被磨平棱角，变得更加开明，心胸更加宽广。 5．What does the author compare the rocks to? A．Challenges we come across. B．What nature offers us. C．People's recognition. D．People's personalities. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“And much like a rock... understand others has expanded year by year.”可知，作者把自己态度等的变化比作石子随着流水冲刷而变得圆滑，由此可推知，作者把石子比作人的性格。 6．Why did the group of guys argue in the restaurant? A．They intended to skip out on the bill. B．They were dissatisfied with the food offered. C．They were unwilling to wear masks. D．They were not allowed to leave the restaurant. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Two years ago...leave for not wearing masks.”和“Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant.”及第七段内容可知，这群年轻人因不愿戴口罩被要求离开餐馆，所以想为此争论一番。 7．What does the author want to tell us with this passage? A．We should adjust to new conditions. B．It's necessary to consider the feelings of others. C．Be brave when in the face of difficulties in life. D．Being open and understanding brings you more happiness. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Once, I too was a sharp rock ... I become more understanding.”及倒数第四段中的“In learning to be more open, I've also found more happiness and success.”并结合全文内容可推知，作者想告诉我们包容和理解他人可以带来更多快乐。 8．What could be the best title of the passage? A．Changing with Time B．Learning from Nature C．Growing from Experiences D．Seeing Things from a Different Angle A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者通过叙述个人经历和自己的思考得出感悟：人们和曾经有棱角的石头一样，每个人都随着时间而改变。因此，A项最适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.七选五 Life Lessons Life is not easy when you are pursuing something worthwhile and ready to learn from the best experiences.1.__________Here are some life lessons which people will learn the hard way in majority of cases. It takes consistent time and effort to be successful in any area.However，people usually get discouraged when it takes more time than they thought it would.At this time, people refer only to people who have already achieved what you want to be, which most people fail to do.Look at some successful people and you'll notice one thing common in all of them.They took time to learn and mastered their skills like no one else.2.____ Be brave to take the road less travelled.In our whole life，we always want to follow the same path that everyone suggests，do the same things that everyone does，take the same career path that everyone takes, wear the same clothes that everyone wears, and hang out with the same people we work with.3.__________But when you get bored of life，you will realize that you are not meant to do what everyone does and that your destiny is different from anyone else's out there in the world.But the price you pay to realize this is high because it takes a great amount of courage to follow your own path.You don't have to live your life in a way society wants you to.4.__________Parents sometimes force their children to select a career they don't want because other children have selected that career.Worst of all, people follow them without even asking.There is no harm in old rituals (惯例) and beliefs but when you pursue them before your interest, sooner or later you'll realize that you should first do what you think is right. 5．__________However，if you are smart enough to learn early and wish not to waste your precious time learning them the hard way，learn them now and apply it to your life as soon as possible. A．You have to break the rules sometimes. B．After all，life lessons are always learned the hard way. C．There is no elevator to success, so you have to take the stairs. D．The reason why we follow others is that we are scared to fail. E．It always takes tests and then fails us to learn something worthwhile. F．The general rule goes that the harder you try, the greater results you get. G．Many old beliefs are being performed these days and are followed blindly. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些生活教训。 1．E　解析：根据上下文可知，空处应与从生活中学习有关。E项承上启下，符合语境。 2．C　解析：根据上文“Look at some successful people ... mastered their skills like no one else.”可知，空处应说明成功的途径。C项总结上文，符合语境。 3．D　解析：根据上文“In our whole life... the same people we work with.”可知，空处应说明上文做法的原因。D项符合语境。 4．G　解析：根据下文“Parents sometimes force... have selected that career.”可知，空处应与下文一起具体说明社会上一些不好的现象，G项符合语境。 5．B　解析：根据下文内容，尤其是However可知，空处应与下文构成转折。B项符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·连云港高二期中)In a rapidly changing world it's significant to remain lifelong learners, which is a widespread recognition now.As you progress through life, you may study and work in new environments.Consequently, you 1.____________(expose) to new ideas, beliefs, practices and learning experiences.You may one day do jobs that do not yet exist, use technologies not yet 2.______(develop) and resolve problems that are not yet problems! This doesn't mean that there's no need to study in school.Instead, you should acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge with lifelong learning is beneficial. So, how can you proceed? Firstly, lifelong learning is 3.____________attitude.Be objective and make yourself open to new knowledge and ideas.Also, develop critical thinking skills and don't 4.____________(blind) accept new ideas.Secondly, take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning.You could subscribe 5.____________e-learning courses, visit the local library or learn while 6.____________(cooperate) with others.Finally, understand that it's not sufficient to simply know something or to understand what you know, because for knowledge 7.____________(have) concrete value, it must be applied. Importantly, after its application, you must conduct a review process of 8.____________(analyze), evaluation and improvement，9.____________makes your comprehension of the world a continuous process. In conclusion, in a world of constant changes, to develop your skills, further a career, boost self-worth, renew 10.______(belief) and keep your mind active, you should never cease to learn. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在一个快速变化的世界里保持终身学习的重要性以及如何保持终身学习。 1．will be exposed　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。根据上文“As you progress ... work in new environments.”及语境可知，此处指在新的环境中会发生的事，空处应用一般将来时；主语you 与expose之间为被动关系，且be exposed to为固定搭配，意为“接触……”，应用被动语态。 2．developed　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，and连接三个并列谓语，空处作非谓语；结合句意可知，空处作后置定语，修饰technologies，且develop与逻辑主语technologies之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。 3．an　解析：考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处指“一种态度”，表示泛指，且attitude的发音以元音音素开头，空处应用不定冠词an。 4．blindly　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词形式作状语，修饰动词accept，表示“盲目地”。 5．to　解析：考查介词。subscribe to为固定搭配，意为“订阅”。 6．cooperating　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为while引导的时间状语从句的省略形式，省略了you are，空处应用动词-ing形式。 7．to have　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作后置定语修饰名词knowledge，且have与逻辑主语knowledge之间是主动关系，表将来，空处应用动词不定式形式作定语。 8．analysis　解析：考查名词。分析句意并根据空前的介词of和空后的“evaluation and improvement”可知，空处应用名词形式作并列的宾语，表示“分析”。 9．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。 10．beliefs　解析：考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处应用名词形式作宾语；belief表示“信仰”时为可数名词，空前没有冠词等限定词修饰，应用名词复数形式表泛指。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $