Unit 2 Period 2 Using language-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦被动语态核心知识点，系统梳理其“be+过去分词”的基本构成，涵盖一般现在、现在进行、现在完成等多种时态的被动形式，延伸至情态动词被动、“get+过去分词”等特殊情况及主动表被动现象，构建从基础到特殊的完整知识支架。 资料以教材例句和高考真题为依托，通过对比分析不同被动结构培养学生思维品质，结合语法填空、句式转换及写作练习提升语言运用能力，助力学习策略优化。课中辅助教师情境化教学，课后帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺，实现语言能力与思维品质的协同发展。

Period 2　Using language 复习被动语态 (1)(教材P18)On discovering that Morrie is being weakened by a severe illness, Mitch starts visiting him at his house on Tuesdays. 自从得知莫里得了重病，日渐虚弱，米奇便开始每周二都去他家看望他。 (2)(教材P19)After finishing it, I feel I have been given a deeper insight into the world and can see things from a different point of view. 读完后，我觉得自己对世界有了更深刻的认识，并且可以从不同的角度看待事物。 (3)(教材P19)While we are living, we tend to get distracted by unimportant things, such as gathering material possessions. 在我们活着的时候，我们往往会被不重要的事情分散注意力，例如积累物质财富。 (4)(教材P19)Reading this book made me feel as if I 'd been woken up from a long sleep and finally opened my eyes to the world! 阅读这本书使我感觉自己仿佛从长眠中清醒了过来，终于睁开了眼看世界！ (5)(教材P20)The book made me stop and think about how much I am influenced by popular culture and the importance of creating my own values based on love and open communication. 这本书让我停下来思考流行文化对我有多少影响以及在爱与开放式沟通的基础上树立自己的价值观有多么重要。 (6)(教材P20)Warning! A box of tissues will be needed to get through this book! 注意了！要读完这本书，你需要准备一盒纸巾！ (7)(译林必修一U1)“What is potential？” you may ask.Put simply, potential is your natural ability that can be developed when you try hard enough. 你们可能会问，“什么是潜力？”简而言之，潜力是你们与生俱来的能力，当你们足够努力时，潜力就能得到开发。 以上各句中的黑体部分均为被动语态，表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态的基本构成为“be＋过去分词”。被动语态可以有各种时态，句(1)为现在进行时，句(2)为现在完成时，句(4)为过去完成时，句(5)为一般现在时，句(6)为一般将来时；句(3)中的“get＋过去分词”结构表示被动；句(7)为含有情态动词的被动语态。 1．被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者，其基本构成：系动词be＋过去分词。在被动语态中，by 后常跟动作的执行者。通常只有及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词没有被动语态。其常见时态的被动形式如下： 时态 构成 时态 构成 一般现在时 am/is/are done 一般过去时 was/were done 现在进行时 am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were being done 现在完成时 have/has been done 过去完成时 had been done 一般将来时 will/shall be done 过去将来时 would/should be done 2.被动语态的特殊情况 (1)含有情态动词的被动语态的构成：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 (2)在口语和非正式的语体中，常用“get＋过去分词”表示被动语态，其中get相当于be动词。这种形式常用来强调结果。 3．主动形式表示被动意义的情况 (1)连系动词look、sound、smell、feel、taste、remain、prove等后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。 (2)在 want、need、require等少数表示“需要”的动词后用v.-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 (3)当open、close、shut、lock、move、read、wash、clean、cook、sell、cut、wear、carry 等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 (4)在某些作表语的形容词(如easy、hard、difficult、heavy等)后，用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。 4．使用被动语态时应注意的问题 (1)常见的不能用于被动语态的动词(短语)：appear、become、belong、consist、disappear、come true、happen、take place、occur、last、break out、come out、come up、lose heart、run out等。 (2)在主动语态中，动词see、make、hear、watch、notice等后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to，但变为被动语态时，必须加上to。 (3)有些动词在主动语态中常接双宾语，即直接宾语(一般指物)和间接宾语(一般指人)。在变为被动语态时，如果间接宾语被提前作主语，那么直接宾语保留不变；如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语前一般要加上相应的介词to或for。 (4)将含有“动词＋介词/副词”类动词短语(如look after、put on)的主动句变为被动句时，原动词短语中的介词或副词应保留。 单句语法填空/句式转换 (1)(2024·全国甲卷)What should be done (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. (2)(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The GPNP is designed(design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”． (3)Usually, the process of boiling tea on a stove consists (consist) of lightly roasting tea leaves before making tea, sometimes with rosebuds, in a pot over a stove. (4)Sichuan cuisine, listed as one of China's eight major culinary styles, has become(become) popular internationally in recent years. (5)The pink dress she wants to buy her daughter as her birthday present online washes(wash) easily. (6)After the concert, Naomi told the family that Steve's music was beautiful and professional.It needed sharing/to be shared(share) in public. (7)The bag was very heavy to carry(carry), so the boy had to ask his father for help. (8)She bought her mother a new coat as a birthday gift. →Her mother was bought a new coat by her as a birthday gift./A new coat was bought for her mother by her as a birthday gift. (9)I heard him sing in the classroom after school yesterday. →He was heard to sing in the classroom after school by me yesterday. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed(pass) down through the ages can still be employed(employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 2．(2022·全国乙卷)The more regularly they can be inspected(inspect), the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved(improve). 3．(2022·浙江卷1月)Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like—frequently by plane—is viewed/has been viewed(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 4．When fat and salt are removed(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. 5．The opinion that learning is a lifelong process has been expressed(express) by education experts throughout the years. 6．A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped(trap) in the mountains for two days. 7．Children younger than 12 would be allowed(allow) only to play the game for a maximum of one hour a day, and after 9 p．m., they would be banned from logging on. 8．Unluckily, my friend got stuck(stick) in the heavy traffic and I had to wait for an hour at the pickup area. 9．The woman was walking about outside the operation room, because her son was being operated(operate) on. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．现在汉语变得越来越受欢迎了，全世界许多学校都在教授它。 Today, Chinese, which is taught in many schools around the world，is becoming more and more popular. 2．去年我们学校种了许多树和花，使我们学校成了一个美丽的花园。 Many trees and flowers were planted in our school last year, making our school a beautiful garden. 3．必须采取措施阻止水被污染，因为如果这个问题继续被忽视，人类和环境的健康和福祉都将面临风险。 Something must be done to stop the water from being polluted because the health and well-being of both humans and the environment are at risk if this issue continues to be ignored. 4．下周日将在学校礼堂举行一场关于中国历史的讲座。 A lecture about Chinese history will be given in the school hall next Sunday. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $