Unit 2 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

本讲义以《相约星期二》阅读为核心，构建“词汇积累-阅读策略-语法应用-写作输出”的学习支架。从基础词汇匹配（如pessimistic、anticipate）到阅读体裁识别、结构分析，再到细节理解与主旨概括，逐步过渡到语法填空（非谓语、it作形式主语）和写作应用（建议信、主旨升华），形成完整知识脉络。 资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过不同读者评论的对比分析（如Arthur K与Amy Wang观点），引导学生推断、评价，提升批判性思维。词汇拓展（如possession的用法）和句型讲解（it作形式主语）助力语言表达，课中活动辅助教师引导学生深度阅读，课后练习帮助学生自主查漏补缺，强化学习效果。

Period 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas 　《教材助读＋语基默写》见分册本 1．pessimistic　　 A．to expect or predict sth. 2．anticipate B．different from what is usual or expected, especially in a way that is worrying, harmful or not wanted 3．possession C．expecting bad things to happen or sth. not to be successful 4．abnormal D．existing or happening over a large area or among many people 5．widespread E．the act of accepting that sth. exists, is true or is official 6．recognition F．sth. that you have or own with you at a particular time 答案：1～5.CAFBD　6.E Activity 1　Reading for Genre and Structure 1．Genre：____ A．News Report (新闻报道).　　　B．Autobiography (自传).　　　C．Book Review (书评). 答案：C 2．Structure and Clues： 答案：(1)conversations　(2)life　(3)insight　(4)popular culture　(5)friendship Activity 2　Reading for Main Idea What does the passage mainly talk about? 　It mainly talks about comments on Tuesdays with Morrie by different readers． Activity 3　Reading for Details 1．Read Part 1 and answer the following question. Which of the following is NOT true? A．Morrie is suffering from a serious disease. B．Mitch and Morrie meet every week. C．Mitch has always been very content with his life. D．Mitch is a sports journalist with a successful career. 答案：C 2．Read Part 2 and answer the following questions. (1)What does Arthur K think of the book? A．Pessimistic. B．Optimistic. C．Changeable. D．Full of joy and hope. 答案：D (2)In Arthur K's opinion, the book ____． A．is about death, so it is too pessimistic B．makes people lose the hope of life C．encourages people to fight with diseases D．encourages people to make full use of each day 答案：D (3)What is it that has made Arthur K value his own life more? Morrie's bravery towards the end of his life has made Arthur K value his own life more. (4)What should people do according to Amy Wang? A．People should find out what is important in their lives by themselves. B．People should gather material possessions as many as possible. C．People should be given a deeper insight into the world. D．People should make a lot of money to make them happy. 答案：A (5)Tell the following sentences True (T) or False (F) according to paragraph 3. ①Students should read the book Tuesdays with Morrie.T ②Money always makes people happy.F ③We should not set up our own values.F ④We can't be distracted easily by little things.T (6)Why does Amy Wang think that the book should be on all school reading lists? Because it can give us a deeper insight into the world and make us see things from a different point of view, which will benefit us a lot. (7)According to Morrie, what do “the big things” in life refer to? “The big things” in life refer to how we think and what we value. (8)What can we learn from Marty's comments? A．After reading the book, he still thinks it is just a collection of over-emotional thoughts and messages. B．The book is his favourite one. C．The book makes him think about the importance of creating his own values. D．He doesn't learn much from the book. 答案：C (9)Fill in the blanks according to paragraph 5. 答案：①thoughts　②lessons　③values ④recommends (10)What can be inferred from the comments of Vivian? A．She often misses her good friends that she has lost touch with. B．Auden is Vivian's favourite poet. C．Friendship should be valued in our daily life. D．The book makes her want to die. 答案：C (11)How did Vivian end her comments? A．By comparison. B．By quotation (引用). C．By listing examples. D．By asking questions. 答案：B Tuesdays with Morrie deals with the meaning of life and how best 1.to live(live) it. Some readers have given their reviews of this book. In the view of Arthur K, the book is more about life than death. Being 2.weakened(weak) by a severe illness, Morrie anticipates his own death and begins to observe everything as though through new eyes.Morrie's 3.bravery(brave) towards the end of his life is inspirational, which 4.encourages(encourage) us to appreciate what we have, and to make the most of each day. For Amy Wang, this book gives her a 5.deeper (deep) insight into the world than ever and enables her to see things from a different point of view.What Morrie says and does makes her realize that 6.making (make) a lot of money won't always make us happy and that it's up to us to find out 7.what is important in our lives and establish our own 8.values(value). As far as Marty is concerned, the book is just made up of a collection of over-emotional thoughts and messages, many of which are repeated.9.However, he still recommends that people read it.After all, it is something that's a bit different. In the eyes of Vivian, the book is about Morrie's reflections on love and friendship, teaching us to always keep in touch 10.with the good people we meet as we go through life. 1．What lessons can you learn from the book Tuesdays with Morrie based on the four readers' comments? ________________________________________________________ 2．What would you do to make your life meaningful? ________________________________________________________ 答案：Open answers. Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记 选出与单词对应的汉语释义 1．weaken v. A．启发灵感的；鼓舞人心的 2．inspirational adj. B．死亡；毁灭 3．perish v. C．(使)虚弱 答案：1～3.CAB Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．anticipate the result of the match 预测比赛的结果 2．receive widespread support throughout the country 得到了全国的广泛支持 Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．pessimistic adj.悲观的，悲观主义的→(反义词)optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的→pessimism n．悲观主义→pessimist n．悲观主义者 2．possession n．财产，财物→possess v．拥有；具有 3．abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的→(反义词)normal adj.正常的 4．recognition n．承认，认可→recognize v．承认；认出，认识→recognizable adj.容易认出的 Ⅳ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．After years of separation, he was reunited with(与……重聚) his sister, whom he had had no news of for years. 2．The love we share, the kindness we give, and the happiness we create will always come back to us with a pleasant surprise(一个惊喜). 3．We need to consider all points of view(观点), including those from different experts, before making a decision. 4．In an era of information explosion, people can easily get distracted by (分心) irrelevant information. 5．We lost touch with(与……失去联系) him last year, but we had kept in touch with(与……保持联系) each other for ten years before. 6．Since you know that there is no point in complaining, why don't you live life to the full (充分地享受生活)？　 Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现 A．根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．it作形式主语 (1)Indeed, it was a pleasant surprise to find(惊喜地发现) that this book is filled with joy and hope.(Para.2) (2)I think it's important for young people to know(对于年轻人来说，重要的是明白) that making a lot of money won't always make them happy, or that looking different doesn't make a person abnormal！(Para.3) [分析]　此句中还含有两个that引导的宾语从句，从句中“making a lot of money”和“looking different”均为v.-ing短语作主语。 2．“It's up to sb.to do sth.”意为“做某事取决于某人。” It's up to us to find out(我们应该靠自己去弄清楚) what is important in our lives and establish our own values.(Para.3) [分析]　此句中还含有what引导的宾语从句。 3．as if引导表语从句 Reading this book made me feel as if I'd been woken up from a long sleep(自己仿佛从长眠中清醒了过来) and finally opened my eyes to the world！(Para.4) [分析]　此句中“made me feel”为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 B．根据汉语提示并使用以上句式结构完成下面的小短文 Life is full of choices. 1.It's important to make wise decisions(做出明智的决定很重要). 2.It's up to us to create (我们应该靠自己去创造) our own future. We should face difficulties bravely and overcoming challenges successfully will make us feel 3.as if nothing could stop us(似乎没有什么能阻止我们). Remember, our life is in our hands. Let's strive for a better tomorrow. 【层级一　高频词汇诠释】 be/get distracted by　分心；分神 ①(教材P19)While we are living, we tend to get distracted by unimportant things, such as gathering material possessions.　在我们活着的时候，我们往往会被不重要的事情分散注意力，例如积累物质财富。 ②(人教选必一U4)While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.　尽管很容易察觉学生们是何时感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中的，但要分辨出学生们何时有困扰有时会难得多。 (1)distract vt.　 　 转移(注意力)；分散(思维)； 使分心 distract sb./sth.(from...) 使某人/某物(对……)分心 distract one's attention 分散某人的注意力 (2)distracting adj. 使人分心的 distracted adj. 注意力分散的 distraction n. 分散注意力的事；使人分心的事 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)Tom admits that playing computer games distracts him from his homework but he finds it hard to resist the temptation. (2)There needs to be a broad public campaign to make people aware of the danger of distracted(distract) driving. (3)Before you dive into working, cleaning, writing or whatever else you need to do, turn off or silence your cell phone and anything else that might prove to be distracting(distract). (4)I find it hard to study at home because there are too many distractions(distract), such as the television, my phone, and family members talking. (5)作为马上要参加高考的学生，我们不应该因任何与我们的学习无关的事情分心。 As students who are about to take the College Entrance Examination, we shouldn't be/get distracted by anything that is not relevant to our study. 背诵点 应用文写作之建议信 possession　n.[pl.]财产，财物；所有物； [U]拥有，具有 ①(译林选必三U1)I returned to the car and fetched more possessions. 我回到车上，拿了更多的东西。 ②(人教选必四U3)The sea is home to life, not human beings' possessions. 海洋是生命的家园，而不是人类的私产。 (1)in possession of... 拥有…… in the possession of... (某物)为……所有 take/have possession of... 拥有……； 占有…… (2)possess v. 拥有；具有；支配(不用于进行时) 单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子 (1)(人教选必四U4)The only possessions (possess) I could see were one broom, a few saucers, a kettle, cups, pans, and a couple of jars. (2)Students in possession of(拥有) good time-management skills are more likely to perform well at university. (3)Nobody knows for sure whom the ancient vase is in the possession of(为……所有), but it is believed to be a highly valuable artifact (文物) sought after by many collectors. (4)幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。 Happiness is not wishing for what we don't have，but enjoying what we possess/take possession of/ have possession of/are in possession of． 背诵点 读后续写之主旨升华 recognition　n.承认，认可 ①(教材P20)Despite its widespread recognition, my first impression was that Tuesdays with Morrie is just made up of a collection of over-emotional thoughts and messages, many of which are repeated. 尽管《相约星期二》这本书得到了广泛的认可，但是我对它的第一印象是，它只是一本由一堆过于情绪化的思想和信息组成的书，其中有很多内容是重复的。 ②(人教选必三U1)In time, he gained recognition as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. 随着时间的推移，他被公认为中国有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。 (1)out of/beyond recognition 认不出来 in recognition of 对……的嘉奖/ 认可 (2)recogniz(s)e vt. 承认；认可；认出， 认识 be recogniz(s)ed as/to be... 被认为是…… It is recogniz(s)ed that... 人们认为…… (3)recogniz(s)able adj. 容易认出的，易于识别的 单句语法填空/一句多译 (1)The Great Wall is recognized as a great wonder created by the ancient Chinese people，attracting millions of tourists from all over the world each year. 背诵点 应用文写作之景点介绍 (2)(译林选必三U4)The addition of the Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition(recognize) of the Silk Road as a crucial part of humanity's common heritage. (3)环境污染已经成为公认的人类所面对的最严重的问题之一。(聚焦社会热点) →It is recognized that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that humans face. →Environmental pollution is recognized to have become one of the most serious problems that humans face. 背诵点 应用文写作之环境保护 lose touch with　与……失去联系 ①(教材P20)Morrie's reflections on love and friendship made me think about my life and all the good friends that I've lost touch with along the way. 莫里对爱和友谊的思考使我想起了自己的人生，想起了这一路失去联系的那些好友。 ②(经典例句) I don't want to lose touch with my old friends, so I make sure to reach out to them at least once a month. 我不想与我的老朋友失去联系，所以我确保每个月至少与他们联系一次。 be out of touch with sb.　　 与某人失去联系 get in touch with sb. 与某人取得联系 keep/be in touch with sb. 与某人保持联系 补全句子 (1)Keeping in touch with our friends(与我们的朋友保持联系) is an important part of friendship. (2)In order not to lose touch with each other(与彼此失去联系), everyone in the group exchanged telephone numbers when they were leaving. (3)It is hard to get in touch with my old classmate(与我的老同学取得联系), for we haven't kept/been in touch with each other(与彼此一直没有保持联系) since graduation. (4)Much to my regret, I have been out of touch with my close friend(与我的亲密好友失去联系) since he graduated from college. 【层级二　中频词汇积累】 anticipate　v.预期，预料；期盼，期望 (1)anticipate doing sth. 预料做某事；期盼做某事 It is anticipated that... 据预测…… (2)anticipation n. 预料，预期；期盼，期望 in anticipation of 期待着……；预计到…… [微练]——单句语法填空/补全句子 (1)(人教选必二U4)At school, Daiyu and Liu Qian had learnt that Canada's population is only slightly over thirty-seven million.However, they did not anticipate seeing(see) such an open country, and were truly amazed. (2)In anticipation(anticipate)of the upcoming holiday season, many people are starting to plan their vacations and make travel arrangements. (3)It is anticipated that(据预测) there will be a good harvest this autumn with favorable weather conditions and sufficient rainfall. 【层级三　低频词汇拾遗】 pessimistic　adj.悲观的，悲观主义的 ①(译林选必四U2)While some communities are pessimistic about the exchange between languages, there are also other communities that readily welcome borrowed words. 虽然一些群体对语言之间的互借持悲观态度，但也有些群体对外来词欣然持欢迎的态度。 ②(人教选必三U2)Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up. 我们中的许多人都试图迅速改变坏习惯，如果不能马上成功，我们经常会变得悲观并放弃。 abnormal　adj.不正常的，反常的 ①(人教选必一U2)They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness, such as cancer, and potentially save your life. 如果有什么不正常的情况，或者你有严重的疾病，比如癌症，它们可以提前警告你，并可能挽救你的生命。 ②(经典例句)The abnormal levels of pollution in the city have raised health concerns among residents.　城市中异常高的污染水平引起了居民们的健康担忧。 widespread　adj.广泛流传的 ①(译林选必二U3)Today, acupuncture is recognized as a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and has come into widespread use around the world. 今天，针灸被公认为中国传统文化的象征，并在世界各地得到广泛应用。 ②(译林选必三U2)Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts that receive widespread media coverage. 航空工业的职业远远超出广受媒体报道的宇航员。 it作形式主语 ①(教材P19)Indeed, it was a pleasant surprise to find that this book is filled with joy and hope. 其实，你会惊喜地发现这本书里充满了欢乐和希望。 ②(教材P19)I think it's important for young people to know that making a lot of money won't always make them happy, or that looking different doesn't make a person abnormal! 我认为对于年轻人来说，重要的是明白赚很多钱并不总能带来快乐，看上去与众不同并不代表不正常！ 当主语部分太长时，常把主语部分移到句尾，用it作形式主语。it没有具体的意义，仅用于使句子平衡，不头重脚轻。it代替动词不定式(短语)作形式主语的常见句型： (1)It ＋ be ＋ 名词/形容词＋ (for/of sb.) to do sth. (2)It takes (sb./sth.) some time to do sth. (3)It's up to sb.to do sth. 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)It was very exciting to hear(hear) the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed. (2)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application. (3)(人教选必四U4)我刚收到一个从家里寄来的包裹！大约花了两周的时间包裹才到达，虽然有点破损，但是真高兴能收到家里寄来的一些糖果和果酱。 I just got a parcel from home! It took about two weeks to arrive, and it was a bit damaged, but it was so nice to get some sweets and jam from home. Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．the path of life 人生之路 2.look out for 注意察看；留心(周围情况，以便找到) 3．(be) missing from 丢失了；缺少了；找不到了 4．far from 根本不，远非 5.a deeper insight into 对……更深刻的洞悉/ 领悟 6．open one's eyes to sth. 使某人长见识(或开眼界、认清事实) 7.think back 回想起来；追忆 8.open communication 开放式沟通 9.go through 经历 10．lose one's way 迷路；迷失方向 11．be ready to do sth. 愿意/乐意做某事 12．on one's journey 在某人的旅途中 13．the meaning of life 人生的意义 14.make the most of each day 充分利用每一天 15．establish our own values 树立我们自己的价值观 16.my first impression 我的第一印象 17.get through 完成(工作) 18.teach sb.a lesson 给了某人一个教训；教会某人一个道理 Ⅱ.品句填词 1．Examine yourself and remove the pessimistic(悲观的) thoughts and habits which prevent you from reaching your full potential and achieving your goals. 2．The boys have been anticipating(期待) meeting their favourite football player in person since last month. 3．The abnormal (反常的) weather patterns this year have caused significant crop damage, leading to concerns about potential food shortages. 4．When I was reunited with my old friend, he has changed beyond recognition(认出). 5．Global warming poses a serious threat to life on earth in various forms like widespread(普遍的) flooding and extreme weather. 6．He lost all his possessions(财产) in the big fire and became penniless，which threw him in deep despair. Ⅲ.词块运用 1．Graduating from college doesn't mean you have to lose touch with(与……失去联系) your former classmates. 2．Since ancient time, it has been a custom for Chinese to be reunited with(与……重聚) family members and enjoy a sweet mooncake while they're observing the beautiful moon. 3．To avoid getting distracted by(分心) computer games, students are encouraged to develop different kinds of interests and take more exercise. 4．Tom is determined to live life to the full(充分地享受生活) and make the most of every opportunity that comes his way. 5．Nowadays, people can keep in touch with(与……保持联系) friends and family through various means of communication, such as social media, video calls, and instant messaging. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $