Unit 1 Period 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

本讲义围绕诗歌《未选择的路》，系统梳理象征手法分析、人生选择主题理解等核心知识点，通过选择题、填空题等形式引导文本解读，衔接词汇、语法及重点句型练习，构建“文本理解-语言知识-应用输出”的学习支架。 该资料以文学文本为载体，通过分析诗歌象征意义培养学生思维品质，结合词汇默写、语法填空提升语言能力，设置写作背诵点强化学习能力。课中辅助教师引导文本深度解读，课后助力学生巩固语言知识，有效查漏补缺。

Period 3　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 　《教材助读＋语基默写》见分册本 1．What's the poem's figure of speech? A．Simile (明喻). B．Personification (拟人). C．Alliteration (头韵). D．Symbolism (象征). 答案：D 2．The Road Not Taken is one of the most famous American poems of all time because of ____． A．its natural style B．its thoughtful insights into human nature C．its lines set to music D．both A and B 答案：D 3．According to paragraph 1, which of the following statements is TRUE? A．The poem The Road Not Taken often appears on television commercials. B．Speakers hardly quote lines of the poem The Road Not Taken in the public speech. C．The poem The Road Not Taken is well known just for its thoughtful insights into nature. D．Among American poetry，The Road Not Taken is the most popular with readers. 答案：A 4．Two roads in a yellow wood in the poem symbolize ____． A．the choices we face and the decisions we need to make B．love and affection C．the hope for the future D．the ordinary road we take every day 答案：A 5．What is the attitude of the poet towards the road that he did not choose? A．He thinks he will ever have the opportunity in the future. B．He feels regretful not to choose both roads. C．He doesn't care about the choice. D．He has been hesitating about the choice. 答案：B 6．Tell the following sentences True (T) or False (F). (1)Whatever the choices are about, they all lead to specific results.T (2) Even if we make a choice, there is a chance to change it in most cases.F 7．How should we face the choice according to the passage? We should be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours only. 8．What is the author's attitude towards the choice of life? A．Pessimistic. B．Confused. C．Positive. D．Doubtful. 答案：C When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one's mind images of a 1.peaceful(peace) wood deep within the countryside.Paths in the woods are often used 2.to symbolize(symbolize) how our lives progress and change. Life 3.throws(throw) many alternatives at us on a daily basis.Whether our choices are big 4.or small, they all cause specific consequences.Once we make a decision, in most 5.circumstances(circumstance), there is no going back.Although the writer of the poem considers taking the other path another day, he knows it's unlikely that he will ever have the opportunity to do so.Like the writer, all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh” and imagine 6.what could have been. The road ahead—the road through our lives—is a mixture of 7.choice(choose) and chance.And when we 8.are approaching(approach) the end of that road, how will we remember the journey? How will we look back on our lives? Some of us do take a more unusual path through life, and while it may be a harder one to follow, it can also lead to new adventures and experiences.Nonetheless, part of the art of decision-making is learning to make 9.the most of our decisions.Instead of 10.looking(look) back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours, and ours only. Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记 选出与单词对应的汉语释义 1．diverge v. A．许多的，很多的 2．undergrowth n. B．茶点，点心和饮料 3．numerous adj. C．(两条路)岔开，分开 4．thoughtful adj. D．进退两难的境地，困境 5．dilemma n. E．(长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛 6．refreshments n. F．认真思考的，深思的 答案：1～5.CEAFD　6.B Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．television commercials 电视广告 2．an alternative to coffee 一种咖啡替代品 3．injuries arising out of a road accident 道路交通事故引起的伤害 4．in most circumstances 在大多数情况下 5．be on the night shift 上夜班 Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．admission n．允许进入(加入) → admit v. 准许进入；承认；接收 2．participation n．参加，参与→participate vi.参与；参加 3．complex adj.复杂的→complexity n．复杂性 4．symbolize v．象征，代表→symbol n．象征；符号→symbolic adj.象征性的 5．mixture n．混合；混合体→mix v．混合→mixed adj.混合的；混杂的 6．affection n．喜爱，钟爱→affect v．影响；感染；打动 7．qualified adj.合格的，胜任的→qualify v．取得资格(或学历)；合格；使合格→qualification n．资格；学历 8．fluency n．熟练，流利→fluent adj.流利的；流畅的→fluently adv.流利地；流畅地 9．sincerely adv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地→sincere adj.真诚的，诚挚的，诚恳的 Ⅳ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．We haven't made up our minds(下定决心) where to go on vacation, but we're considering a few options. 2．You shouldn't pass up(错过)the opportunity to study abroad, which can broaden your horizons and provide valuable international experience. 3．After agreeing to take on the new project, she began to have second thoughts(产生怀疑) about whether she had made the right decision. 4．The competition between the two teams has been put off(推迟) until next week due to some special reasons. 5．She rejected the offer to work overseas out of hand(坚决拒绝), as she wanted to stay close to her family. 6．It takes courage to make a firm decision among the uncertainties and many risks we must weigh up(权衡).　 7．I hope that this talk has given you some insight into(对……的深刻理解) the kind of the work that we've been doing. 8．I communicate with my team members on a daily basis(每天) to ensure that everyone is aware of the project's progress and any upcoming tasks. 9．It is generally agreed that many kinds of sports arise from(产生于) daily life and labour. 10．After careful consideration, we regret to inform you that we must turn down(拒绝) your offer for partnership. Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．(1)状语从句的省略 (2)cannot help but do sth.意为“禁不住做某事” When reading(阅读……时) The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one's mind(人们脑海中不禁浮现出) images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside.(Para.2) 2．“there is no doing...”意为“不可能做…… ” Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back(就不会再回头了).(Para.3) [分析]　此句中还含有once引导的时间状语从句。 3．“it is unlikely that...”意为“不太可能……” Although the writer of the poem considers taking the other path another day, he knows it's unlikely that(不太可能) he will ever have the opportunity to do so.(Para.3) [分析]　此句中还含有although引导的让步状语从句。 【高频词汇诠释】 admission　n.允许进入(加入)；入场费；承认 ①(教材P7)I've been recommended for admission to study physics at my dream university. 我已经被保送到我梦想的大学学习物理。 ②(人教选必三U1)Admission: $10 for adults; $8 for students; $5 for children under 12; free for children under 5. 门票：成人10美元；学生8美元；12岁以下儿童5美元；5岁以下儿童免费。 (1)apply for admission to...　　 申请加入…… gain/obtain admission to... 获准进入/加入…… admission charges/prices 入场费/票价 (2)admit v. 准许进入；承认；接收 admit (doing) sth. 承认(做了)某事 admit sb./sth.to be＋adj./n. 承认某人/某物是…… admit...to/into... 允许……进入/加入…… 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)Henry hurried to the library only to find a notice at the gate, saying “No admission(admit) after 6 p．m.” (2)Ultimately，with a mixture of horror and anxiety，the boy admitted stealing/having stolen(steal) that bike. 背诵点 读后续写之情绪描写 (3)得知你被一所重点大学录取，我写信向你表示祝贺。 Learning that you have been admitted to/into a key university, I am writing to offer my congratulations. 背诵点 应用文写作之祝贺信 make up one's mind　做出决定，拿定主意 ①(教材P7)I can't make up my mind what the right thing to do is. 我拿不定主意该做什么是正确的。 ②(人教选必三U2)I made up my mind to change two things in my life: to eat nothing with sugar and to exercise regularly. 我下定决心改变我生活中的两件事：不吃含糖食物和定期锻炼。 change one's mind 改变某人的主意 bear/keep...in mind 记住…… come/spring to mind 突然被记起/想起 fix one's mind on/upon... 将注意力集中于…… bring/call...to mind (使)想起…… put one's mind to 全神贯注于 单句语法填空/补全句子 (1)With so much noise around, the boy could not fix his mind on/upon what he was doing at all. (2)I think it's high time that you made up your mind/should make up your mind (下决心)to choose a career which suits you best. 背诵点 应用文写作之建议信 (3)He is so stubborn that it's no use persuading him to change his mind (改变他的主意) once he makes a decision. (4)(北师大必修一U3)When I think about what makes Christmas so magical, it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come/spring to mind(突然想起).It's also my memory of Granny. make up one's mind中的名词mind有数的变化，根据one's的单复数来确定mind的单复数。 pass up　放过，放弃，错过(机会) ①(教材P7)I think it would be a great pity to pass up the opportunity to be admitted without taking the exam. 我认为错过这次不参加考试就被录取的机会是非常遗憾的。 ②(经典例句) Young people should never pass up the opportunity to go to university, as it can provide them with valuable knowledge, skills, and experiences that will benefit them throughout their lives. 年轻人永远不应该放弃上大学的机会，因为大学可以为他们提供宝贵的知识、技能和经验，这些都将使他们受益终生。 pass by 经过(……旁边) pass down 世代相传，流传 pass away 亡故，去世 pass sth.on (to sb.) 传递；递给，转交(给某人) pass out 分发，昏倒 用pass的相关短语填空/完成句子 (1)(2023·全国甲卷)For thousands of years，people have told fables (寓言) to teach a lesson or to pass on wisdom. (2)(译林必修一U4)Jennifer Jones, 15, told friends in her class that she was feeling unwell.She then passed out in her morning PE lesson and was rushed to hospital. 背诵点 读后续写之动作描写 (3)When he passed by a flower shop in the evening, an idea came to his mind, “I'll send Mum some roses.” 背诵点 读后续写之心理描写 (4)如果你对我们学校的历史感兴趣或是关心它的未来，你一定不能错过这个好机会！ If you are curious about the history of our school or concerned about its future，you mustn't pass up this excellent opportunity！ 背诵点 应用文写作之邀请信 put off　推迟……，使……延期 ①(教材P7)Can you put off making a decision until you've spoken to your high school advisor? 你能不能和你的高中指导老师谈谈之后再做决定？ ②(经典例句) Due to unforeseen circumstances, we have decided to put off the meeting until further notice.We apologize for any inconvenience this may cause. 由于意外情况，我们决定推迟会议，具体时间另行通知。对此造成的不便，我们深表歉意。 put forward 提出(观点、建议) put on 穿上；上演 put away 将……收起，储存 put up with 容忍，忍受 put down 放下；写下；镇压 put aside 储存……备用； 把……放在一边 put up 建造；提高；张贴 put through 接通(电话)；完成 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. 背诵点 读后续写之动作描写 (2)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017. (3)(2023·全国甲卷)Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. (4)Kathy, don't be so discouraged.If you put away such feelings, you will do better next time. 背诵点 应用文写作之劝慰信 (5)保持友谊的方法是学会容忍朋友的一些缺点，并努力发现他们的优点。(倡导和谐人际关系) The way of keeping friendship is to learn to put up with some of friends' shortcomings and try to discover their advantages. 背诵点 应用文写作之建议信 weigh up　仔细考虑，权衡 ①(教材P7)Then we can weigh up the options and try to come to a decision. 然后我们可以权衡各种选择并试着做出决定。 ②(经典例句) Before making a decision, it's important to weigh up all the pros and cons carefully. 在做出决定之前，仔细权衡所有的利弊是很重要的。 (1)weigh vi.& vt.　　　 重量为……；称重量；认真考虑，权衡 (2)weight n. 重量；体重 lose weight 减肥，减轻体重 put on/gain weight 增加体重 watch one's weight 控制体重 单句语法填空/用weight的相关短语补全语段 (1)(2024·全国甲卷)Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight(weigh). (2)After weighing up all the possible choices, he made the final decision to accept the job offer from the reputable (声誉好的) company. (3)Jack put on/gained weight(体重增加) last year, but he managed to lose weight(减肥) by taking exercise quickly.Now he's still watching his weight(控制体重) by dieting and doing sports. participation　n.参加，参与 ①(教材P8)In addition to participation in school, a part-time job—such as working in a café or in an office administration role—can also be helpful in this transition. 除了上学外，一份兼职工作——比如在咖啡馆或行政办公室工作——在这个过渡中也有所帮助。 ②(人教选必二U2)Xie Lei also found many courses included students' participation in class as part of the final result.　谢蕾还发现，很多课程都将学生的课堂参与作为最终成绩的一部分。 (1)participation in 参与…… (2)participate vi. 参加，参与 participate in... 参与…… (3)participant n. 参加者，参与者 语段填空/完成句子 (1)Ann is an active participant in all kinds of activities.She always participates in different competitions and says that participation gives her a chance to put what she has learned in class into practice.(participate) 背诵点 读后续写之人物描写 (2)参加一些课外活动能使你获得许多经验。 Participating/Participation in some after-school activities can make you gain much experience. 背诵点 应用文写作之建议信 alternative　n.可供选择的事物　adj.可供选择的 ①(教材P11)Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis.　生活每天都会向我们抛出很多选择。 ②(译林选必三U2)Liquid hydrogen is a clean alternative energy source that is used widely as rocket fuel, and it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be mass-produced and launched in the near future. 液氢是一种被广泛用作火箭燃料的清洁替代能源，氢燃料电池汽车很可能在不久的将来大规模生产并投放市场。 (1)have no alternative but to do sth. ＝have no choice but to do sth. 别无选择只能做某事 have the alternative of doing sth. 有做某事的选择 an alternative to... ……的替代品 (2)alternatively adv. 可供选择地；要不；或者 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(2022·全国乙卷)There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. (2)You can choose not to forgive.Alternatively (alternative) you can choose to let it go. (3)失败乃成功之母。有时候，为了成功，我们别无选择，只能勇敢地面对失败并从中吸取教训。(五育并举之德育) Failure is the mother of success.Sometimes, in order to succeed, we have no alternative but to face failure bravely and learn from it． 背诵点 应用文写作之演讲稿 arise　v.(由……)引起；产生，出现，发生；起身，起床 ①(教材P11)Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.　当然，当我们不确定哪个选择才是正确的时候，最大的困境往往源于道德问题。 ②(译林选必二U3)As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately. 然而，随着这项技术的不断迅猛发展，如何恰当地使用它也成了问题。 arise from/out of＝result from (由……)引起；起因于 　 (1)rise vi.(rose，risen，rising)升起；起身，起床；上升 (2)raise vt.(raised，raised，raising)饲养，养育；举起；提高，增加 (3)arouse vt.(aroused，aroused，arousing)激起；唤醒 选词填空(arise/rise/raise/arouse)/同义替换 (1)(2024·全国甲卷)These developments in transportation have raised our quality of life and showed the power of science. (2)It is common knowledge that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. (3)He arose/rose, gathered all his courage to take a bite and was astonished to find the cake not so bad. 背诵点 读后续写之动作描写 (4)Misunderstandings resulting from lack of social communication, if not handled properly, may result in serious problems.(倡导和谐人际关系) →Misunderstandings arising from/out of lack of social communication, if not handled properly, may lead to serious problems. circumstance　n.情况，情形；条件，状况(常用复数形式circumstances) ①(教材P11)Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back. 一旦我们做出决定，在大多数情况下，就不会再回头了。 ②(译林选必四U3)In order to better adapt ourselves to new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills.　为了更好地适应新环境，我们必须准备并愿意获得新的技能。 (1)under/in...circumstances 在……的情况下 under/in no circumstances 决不，无论如何不(置于句首时句子要部分倒装) (2)social circumstances 社会环境 financial/personal circumstances 经济/个人状况 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(人教选必一U1)Circumstances(circumstance) changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany. (2)(译林选必四U2)Under/In this circumstance, it becomes a matter of survival for the native language to reject outside influences. (3)我觉得尴尬极了，我提醒自己绝不会再犯这样的错误了。 Feeling embarrassed, I reminded myself that in/under no circumstances would I commit such a mistake again． 背诵点 读后续写之心理描写 affection　n.喜爱，钟爱 ①(教材P13)For example, the rose could represent love and affection, and the rainbow could symbolise hope. 例如，玫瑰可以象征爱意，彩虹可以象征希望。 ②(经典例句) He often remembers the teachers at his first school with great affection. 他时常满怀深情地回忆他就读的第一所学校的老师们。 (1)have/feel a great affection for... 非常喜爱…… with affection 充满爱意地；富有感情地 (2)affect vt. 影响；感染；打动 affecting adj. 动人的，深深打动人的 单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子 (1)(2024·全国甲卷)When a cat is looking for affection(affect), they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. (2)This movie tells a deeply affecting(affect) story about a father searching for his missing child, showcasing the love and determination of a parent. (3)Reading English with affection(富有感情地) loudly will help you build your self-confidence. 背诵点 应用文写作之建议信 (4)妈妈，我承诺会让你永远开心。是你，从我还是个小孩子起就一直照顾我，对我无私关爱。 I promise to keep you happy forever, Mom.It is you who have cared for me ever since I was a little child, showing your selfless affection for me． 背诵点 应用文写作之感谢信 cannot help but do sth. 意为“禁不住做某事” ①(教材P11)When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one's mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside. 阅读《未选择的路》时，人们脑海中总会不禁浮现出乡村深处一片静谧的树林。 ②(经典例句)The insist David saw me he couldn't help but talk about his trip to Beijing. 大卫一见到我就情不自禁地谈起他的北京之行。 (1)can't help doing sth.＝cannot help but do sth. 忍不住做某事 (2)can't help (to) do... 不能帮助做…… 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)You can't help wondering(wonder) how hard it was for the people then to put all those rocks into place. (2)I'm sorry I can't help (to) solve(solve) your problem, but I will try to assist you later. 背诵点 应用文写作之道歉信 (3)杰克本来不打算吃任何东西的，但是那个冰激凌看起来太好吃了，他忍不住尝了一口。 Jack didn't mean to eat anything but the ice cream looked so good that he couldn't help trying it/couldn't help but try it． 背诵点 读后续写之动作描写 Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．look down...as far as sb.can 某人向……极目远眺 2．make the right choice 做出正确选择 3．of all time 一直；有史以来 4．live life to the full 尽情享受生活；充实地生活 5．a peaceful wood deep within the countryside 村庄深处一片静谧的树林 6．make all the difference 大不相同；影响重大 7．look back on 回首(往事)；回顾 8．the key issues 关键问题 9．serve as a reminder 起提醒的作用 10．see in one's mind 在某人的脑海中浮现 11．be easy to read aloud 朗朗上口 12．with regret 遗憾地 13．a mixture of choice and chance 选择和机会的交织 14．human nature 人性 15．be/feel sorry for 为……感到遗憾 16．moral problems 道德问题 17．be set to music 被谱曲/配乐 18．ages and ages hence 多年以后；很久很久以后 Ⅱ.品句填词 1．(人教选必三U4)When I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified (合格的). 2．We do sincerely(真诚地) hope that your health will improve soon and we are also expecting your early return home. 3．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)He became interested in alternative(供选择的) treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. 4．Some misunderstandings arose(产生) between my best friend and me，which made me quite upset. 5．Humor, if used properly, will help us break the ice and gain affection(喜爱) of others in social communication. 6．Our school has recently obtained the latest multimedia equipment, allowing students to learn efficiently under special circumstances(条件). Ⅲ.词块运用 1．Never turn down(拒绝) a job that you think is too small because you don't know where it can lead. 2．He spares a few minutes for himself to reflect on what he has done on a daily basis(每天). 3．Thanks to your encouragement, I made continuous progress in math, and finally made up my mind(下定决心) to study it in the university. 4．We regret to inform you that we have to put off(推迟) the sports meeting to be held this Friday. 5．Quarrels often arise from(由……引起) different opinions towards life in my family, leading to misunderstandings that can sometimes be difficult to resolve. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $