Unit 1 Period 2 Using language-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦动词时态这一核心知识点，系统梳理一般时态（含一般现在、过去、将来、过去将来时）、进行时态（含现在、过去、将来进行时）、完成时态（含现在、过去、将来完成时）及现在完成进行时，通过教材例句引入、用法分类讲解、单句语法填空练习构建完整学习支架。 资料特色在于融合教材实例与高考真题，如引用海明威作品及《牡丹亭》相关例句，培养学生语言能力；通过时态对比分析（如一般过去时与过去完成时）提升思维品质。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后提供分层练习（单句填空、语法写作），助力学生查漏补缺，强化学习能力。

Period 2　Using language 复习动词的时态 一、一般时态 (1)(教材P2)As many of us already know, having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality. 正如我们许多人都已经知道的那样，为未来制定计划并不能保证它们都会成为现实。 (2)(教材P3)The American author, Ernest Hemingway, born in 1899, was from early boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write. 美国作家欧内斯特·海明威出生于1899年，他从少年时代起就一心一意致力于写作。 (3)(教材P3)In his words, “I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about.” 他曾说：“我决定把我知道的每一件事都写成一个故事。” 以上各句中加黑部分均使用了一般时态，句(1)使用了一般现在时和一般将来时；句(2)使用了一般过去时；句(3)使用了一般过去时和过去将来时。 1．一般现在时 (1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与always、 every time、 now and then、 occasionally、 often、 seldom、 never、 sometimes、 usually、 every day/night等表示习惯的副词(词组)连用； (2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作，用一般现在时。该用法仅限于少数表示短暂意义的动词，如go、 arrive、 leave、 start、 stay、 return、 begin、 come等； (3)表示客观事实或真理； (4)在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。 2．一般过去时 (1)表示过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。常与often、usually、seldom等表示频度的副词连用； (2)表示在过去某一特定时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常与yesterday、 the other day、 last week、 the day before yesterday等表示过去的时间状语连用。 3．一般将来时 (1)will/shall do表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。will可用于各种人称，而shall多用于第一人称。常与tomorrow、next year、next month、this evening、in a few days等表示将来的时间状语连用； (2)be going to do表示现在打算或计划将来要做的事情，也可用来表示根据某种迹象认为最近或将来要发生的事情(常指自然现象)； (3)be to do表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等； (4)be about to do表示就要/正要做，指眼前的将来。常用于“be about to do...when...”句型，意为“正要做……，这时(突然)……”。 4．过去将来时 (1)would/should do表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态； (2)would do也可以表示过去某种习惯性的行为。 单句语法填空 (1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks(walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. (2)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Some of the things that Tang was writing about were(be) also Shakespeare's concerns.I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is (be) similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet. (3)(2023·全国乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means(mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. (4)The weather forecast says it will be(be) cloudy with a slight chance of rain later tonight. 二、进行时态 (1)(教材P2)One moment, we are lying comfortably in bed, about to fall into a deep sleep. 前一刻，我们正惬意地躺在床上，即将进入深度睡眠。 (2)(教材P4)Interestingly, Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice in London. 有趣的是，一些早期的福尔摩斯故事是道尔在伦敦行医期间，在等候病人的时候创作的。 (3)(教材P2)Will we get into the school of our choice？What will we be doing in ten years' time? 我们能进入心仪的学校吗？十年之后我们会在做什么？ 以上各句中加黑部分均使用了进行时态，句(1)使用了现在进行时；句(2)使用了过去进行时；句(3)使用了将来进行时。 1．现在进行时(am/is/are＋doing) (1)表示说话时正在进行或现阶段正在进行的动作。常与now、at present、these days等表示现在的时间状语连用； (2)现在进行时可以表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，该用法常限于go、 come、 leave、 start、 arrive、 return、 work、 sleep、 stay、 have、 wear、 run out等动词(短语)； (3)当现在进行时与always、 forever、 continually、 constantly等频度副词连用时，强调重复的动作并带有某种感情色彩(如赞许、厌烦、满意等)。 2．过去进行时(was/were＋doing) 表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。常与at that time、at that moment、at this time yesterday、at ten o'clock yesterday等表示过去的时间状语连用。 3．将来进行时(will be＋doing) 表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作。常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用，如at this time tomorrow、by then、 from 1：30 to 4：30 p．m.tomorrow等。 单句语法填空 (1)(2022·全国甲卷)I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling(smile) at us. (2)—Hi, let's go skating. —Sorry, I'm busy right now.I am filling(fill) in an application form for a new job. (3)Please don't call me between 8：00 and 10：00 a.m.tomorrow.I will be having(have) my classes then. 三、完成时态 (1)(教材P2)For many of us, it's something we already have experienced. 我们许多人都有过这样的经历。 (2)(教材P3)His novel The Old Man and the Sea, about the three-day epic struggle between an elderly fisherman and the biggest fish he had ever caught, won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953. 他的小说《老人与海》讲述了一位老渔民与一条他捕过的最大的鱼进行了三天艰苦卓绝的搏斗的故事。这部小说于1953年获得了普利策小说奖。 (3)(译林选必一U4)As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort. 只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟，或者让你发现另一层含义，你的努力就是值得的。 以上各句中加黑部分均使用了完成时态，句(1)使用了现在完成时；句(2)使用了过去完成时；句(3)使用了将来完成时。 1．现在完成时(have/has＋done) (1)表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，这一用法实际上表示的是因果关系，动作的完成是因，现在的情况是果。常用的时间状语有already、just、yet、before、lately、recently、ever、never、often等； (2)表示从过去某一时刻开始而延续至今(可能还要延续下去)的动作或状态。常用的时间状语有since＋过去时间点、 for＋时间段、so far、in the last/past few years、in recent years、up to now、these few days等； (3)在条件和时间状语从句中，用现在完成时表示将来某个时间前已经完成的动作； (4)常使用现在完成时的句型： ①This/That/It is/will be the first/second/...time＋that从句； ②This/That/It is the＋形容词最高级＋名词＋that从句。 2．过去完成时(had＋done) (1)表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。句中一般有明确的表示“过去的过去”的时间状语(从句)； (2)表示“愿望、打算”的动词(如hope、want、expect、think、mean、suppose、plan、intend)用于过去完成时表示过去本打算实现而未实现的愿望或计划； (3)常使用过去完成时的句型： ①This/That/It was the first/second/...time＋that从句； ②This/That/It was the＋形容词最高级＋名词＋that从句； ③hardly...when.../no sooner...than...(一……就……)，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 3．将来完成时(shall/will＋have done) 表示将来某一时刻之前或某动作之前已经完成的动作，或一个持续到将来某时或某动作发生之前的动作。 单句语法填空 (1)(2023·北京卷)Up to now, China has established (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. (2)(2023·浙江卷1月)Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed (transform) the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. (3)By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become (become) a well-developed writing system. (4)If your diet has been one that did not provide you with adequate water，your body will have developed(develop) a pattern of storing water. (5)I had hoped(hope) to take a holiday this year, but it turned out to be impossible due to unexpected work commitments. 四、现在完成进行时 (1)(教材P4)Doyle's many historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century. 道尔的很多历史小说、戏剧、诗歌和学术论文多半都被人遗忘了，但夏洛克·福尔摩斯却在一个多世纪以来一直吸引着读者。 (2)(译林选必三U1) Given these cultural differences, it comes as no surprise that Canada has been celebrating Multiculturalism Day since 2002. 考虑到这些文化差异，加拿大自2002年以来一直在庆祝多元文化日也就不足为奇了。 以上各句中加黑部分均使用了现在完成进行时，其构成为：have/has been doing。 现在完成进行时(have/has been doing)表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或存在的状态一直延续到现在，并有可能继续下去，常见的时间状语有all this morning、this month、these few days、since和for引导的状语从句等。 单句语法填空 (1)He has been preparing(prepare) for the contest for months, so he is sure to win the first prize. (2)Since then, I have been trying(try) to attend dancing classes twice a week after work. (3)Since I was young, my parents have been telling(tell) me “hard work builds character”． Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)As a little girl, I wished(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 2．(2022·全国甲卷)In the last five years, Cao has walked(walk) through 34 countries in six continents. 3．The documentary starts (start) from the Qin and Han dynasties and then traces key points at the dawn of Chinese civilization. 4．(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Henry was fixing(fix) his car when he heard the screams.He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. 5．It is the second time in a row that Suzhou has topped (top) the ranking. 6．Since I moved to New York，I have been taking(take) the subway to work every day. 7．We do hope that the school will carry(carry) out more similar activities in the future. 8．It was the second time that the student had made (make) the same mistake, so the maths teacher got very angry. 9．In order to find the missing child, villagers have been doing(do) all they can over the past five hours. 10．Make the best of your precious time and study harder! This time next year you will be enjoying(enjoy) the colorful campus life in your dream university! Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)从那时起，我写过很多不错的作品，现在我是一位知名作家。 Since then, I have written many good works and now I am a famous writer． 2．我原以为他不会参加这次会议，但令我吃惊的是，他来了。 I thought he wouldn't attend the meeting, but to my surprise, he came. 3．你的衣服满是灰尘，我想你一直在打扫教室吧。 Your clothes are covered with dust.You have been cleaning the classroom, I think. 4．我不能帮你做家务，因为我现在在做作业。 I can't help you with the housework because I am doing my homework now. 5．当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常和同学们在操场上踢足球。 When I was a kid, I often played football with my classmates in the playground. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $