浙江省杭州第十四中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末阶段性测试高二年级英语学科试题(无听力答案)

杭十四中二O二五学年第一学期期末阶段性测试 高二年级英语学科试卷 考试日期：2026年1月30日 考生注意： 1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟.试卷共8页。 2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上，选择题每小愿选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑： 非选杆圆请用直径0.5蓬米黑色圆水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答愿区域书写的答案无效， 在试思卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段 对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1.What is the woman's concer about planting bamboo? A.It will attract many birds. B.It is expensive to maintain. C.It might grow out of control. 2.How much should the man pay? A.54 8.$6. C.S10 3.What is the relationship between the speakers? A.Salesperson and customer. B.Tailor and client. C.Colleagues. 4.Which day is the woman's final working day in the company? A.Next Monday. ·B.This Friday.. C.This weekend. 5.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.The development of the market. B.The difficulties in management. C The keys to a company's success. 第二节（共15小题：每小题15分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小愿，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作 答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6.Why does the woman make a phone call? A.To arrange a meeting. B.To interview the salesperson. C.To apply for a job. 7.Who will provide the woman with more information? A.Mr.Burton. B.Mr.Burton's secretary. C.The man. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8.What did the woman do last Saturday? A.She bought her first car. 'B She went for a test drive. C.She took a driving lesson. 9.Why will the woman invite Joseph with her? A.He wants to buy a car. B.He wants to be a car dealer. C.He knows about sales skills. 10.How will the woman pay for her new car? A.Full payment. B.Loan payment. C.Unclear. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11.What's wrong with the woman? A.She has a running nose. B.She has chest pain. C.She has a heartache. 12.What docs the man arrange for the woman? A.An online consultation. B.An urgent surgery A medical test. 13.What did the woman plan to do tonight? 英语试卷·第1页（共8页） A.She would have a big meal. B.She would have an appointment. C.She would visit an attraction. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14.What is the problem Mary is facing? A row to present the topic in an interesting way B.How to build better relationships with students. C.How to effectively teach students. 15.Why is Professor J.K.Simmons popular among students? A.His book is a bestseller. B.He has creative teaching methods. C.He is an expert in teaching. 16.What learning approach does Mr.Carter suggest Mary try? A.Developing leaming by reading the book. B.Focusing on personal study skills. Organizing students to do research in groups. 17.What does Professor J.K.Simmons'book center on? A Student cooperation and individual growth. B.Guidance for classroom management. C.Relationships between teachers and students. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题， 18.How many subjects were involved in the study? A.40. B20. C.10. 19.What does Dr.Zce suggest people do? A.Reduce the use of sleep medicine. B Sleep with lights off. C.Sleep with open curtains. 20.What is the talk mainly about? tA The influence of light on sleep B.The benefits of good sleep. C.The effects of lack of sleep. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项， A A visit to Antarctica is much more than a holiday.Remote and undamaged,any journey there is a unique adventure you'll find nowhere else on earth. As you cruise in style aboard Discovery,you will gaze upon majestic,icy peaks.giant icebergs and diverse wildlife that includes whales,seals,penguins and birds.You will sail through glassy bays and have the opportunity, weather permitting.to set foot on Antarctica's shores and volcame beaches.On all cruises,you will get as close to nature as you would on smaller ships,while enjoying a higher class of Discovery's 4-star comforts. Exciting cruises aboard Discovery No single supplement on cabins Voyage to Antarctica 20 Days.departing 16 November 2023 From Lisbon across the Atlantic Ocean to Buenos Aires with stops in exotic settings like Funchal.Rio de Janeiro and Ushuaia 英语试卷·第2页（共8页） Now from 3575 Antarctica,Chile &Patagonia 18 Days,departing 16 December 2023 From Buenos Aires sail to Antarctica and depart the ship in Santiago Now from E 3145 Note:some sailings might be in reverse,from Santiago to Buenos Aires Cape to Cape 23 Days,departing 7 February 2023 Leave from Buenos Aires and sail around Cape Homn,visit Antarctica and make your way to Cape Town,South Africa Now from￡2995 What's included: .All meals,entertainment and tips on board.Retum flights to/from UK.Overseas transfers between airports,hotels and ship.Hotel stays in Buenos Aires and Santiago.Informative lecture programme,Landings ashore and small boat sightseeing. .PLUS-Save an extra f500 per couple on early bookings before September 2023. The priority of the cruises is to provide you with opportunities to leam about Antarctica's fragile ecosystem. Lectures given by Dr.Peter Carey and his team will bring Antarctica to life.They will accompany you on your landings ashore and on small boat field trips(depending on ice and weather conditions). 21.What activity is included on Discovery cruises? A.Camping on the volcanic beaches. B.Interacting with seals and penguins if possible. C.Swimming through the waters filled with icebergs. D.Setting foot on Antarctica's shores if the weather allows. 22.Which month's cruise plan offers the possibility of sailing in the opposite way? February. B.December. C.November. D.September. 23.A major focus of Discovery cruises is A.extending luxury hotel stays B.small boat sightseeing and landing ashore C.learning about the environment of Antarctica D.providing free meals and entertainment on board B "Your mother needs a new heart,"my father told me when I called on that December afemoon.An unrelenting optimist,he spoke as if she merely needed to have a part replaced.But,although my two sisters and I knew that our mother had heart problems,this news still made us frozen for a while with our eyes widening in disbelief. Dr.Marc Semigran of the transplant team reviewed my mother's medical history.She'd had an irregular and rapid heartbeat for most of her life.Her present treatment一the use of a series of cardioversions(心脏电复律)，or electric jolts,to restore a normal hearbeat-would not work in the long-term.She had an enlarged and weakened heart,as well as a faulty valve. "With medication,"Dr.Semigran said,"you have a 60 percent chance of living six months.You could have a longer life witha transplant,but there are risks.You're at the top end of the age group of sixty years old.The lungs and other organs must be healthy and strong While the transplant surgery is actually a straightforward procedure, acceptance by the body is the difficult thing." My family came together,trying to provide strength and work out what to do.We'd already gone from shock, over our mother's condition,to worry that she wouldn't be a suitable recipient ()Despite the risk.we chose to believe that she would make it eventually 英语试卷·第3页（共8页） Word came later in December that she had been accepted into the programme.Dr.Jeremy Ruskin told us one of the reasons she had been accepted was that she had such strong family support One Monday in May,at about 8 p.m,my mother received a phone call from the bospital that a heart was available.As she was about to be wheeled off,my father took her face in his hands and looked into her eyes.His look said everything about their 42-year relationship. The heart transplant operation was successful and the conditions could not have been better. The irony of the transplant process is that one family's loss is another's gain.It is a kind of life after death.our hearts beating beyond us.We developed a feeling of love for this new part of gratitude for the doctors for the process,and for those people who made a decision just for humanity. 24 Why was the family shocked despite knowing their mother's heart problems? A.They feared the cost of the surgery. B.They didn't expect the heart transplant. 2.They were doubtful about the diagnosis. D.They were unaware of her medical history. 25.What risk did Dr.Semigran emphasize about the heart transplant? A.The complexity of the surgery itself. B.The possibility of better medication. C.The shortage of available donor hearts. The mother's age and physical condition. 26.Why did the family decide to support the heart transplant? A.The doctor guaranteed a successful outcome. B.The mother insisted on having the procedure. .C.They believed in her chances despite the risks. D.They received financial assistance for the surgery. 27.What does the word"irony"in the final paragraph most likely refer to? A.The simplicity of the transplant procedure. B.The unfordseen availability of a donor heart. C.A tragic event leading to another family's hope. D.The mother's rapid recovery after the operation. Just as a hungry brain craves (food,a lonely brain craves people.A new brain study demonstrates this. After being len alone,it shows people's brains would be activated at the sight of other people.The action was in the same brain region that speeds up when a hungry person sees food. Livia Tomova,a neuroscientist,who studies how the brain produces mental activities,and her colleagues began this study.They recruited 40 people.On one day,the participants had to fast-not eat anything at all-for 10 hours. On another day,the same people were placed in a room for 10 hours.They couldn't see anyone.No friends,no family and no social media.They weren't even allowed to check their email.After both days,Tomova and her colleagues put the people in a MRI machine.It shows activity in the brain by tracking how much blood is flowing to each region. At the end of each day,the participants showed high activity in a brain area called the midbrain.The scientists were interested in two,small areas within it.Both areas produce dopamine,a chemical that is important in craving and rewards.The two areas activated when hungry participants saw pictures of tasty pizza or juicy hamburgers. After the volunteers had been isolated,those brain areas became active when they saw social activities they missed. It might be playing sports or chatting with friends. The midbrain plays an important part in people's motivation to seek food or friends.In fact,it responds to food and social signals even when people aren't hungry or lonely.But hunger and loneliness increased the reactions and 英语试着·第4页（共8页） made people's responses specific to the thing they were missing.And the more hunger or isolation the volunteers said they were experiencing.the stronger the activity in this part of the brain.Tomova and her colleagues published their results November 23 in Nature Neuroscience. 28.How does Tomova test out the result of the study? A.By stimulating desire. B.B-controlling blood flow. C By monitoring brain activity. D.By examining mental activities. 29.What do we know about midbrain? A.It consists of two areas. B it helps motivate desire for food. C.It stops working when people are full. D.It decreases responses to lost friends. 30.What does the underlined"it"in paragraph 3 refer to? A.A midbrain area. B.A social activity. C.A volunteer. D.A hamburger. 31.According to the study,what similarity is found between hunger and loneliness? A.They both reduce dopamine production in the midbrain. B.They can be relieved equally by viewing pictures of food. C.They cause the brain to respond more strongly to what is missed. D.They lead to decreased interest in social activities. D When a duck sails across the surface of a pond,it may appear to be effortlessly moving across the water,but in fact,its hidden feet are working overtime to keep it above water.It is this contrast of outward calm and hidden effort that inspired the term"floating duck syndrome )"Beyond the name,it has very little to do with ducks. It is a phenomenon where individuals publicly display their achievements while hiding the hard work and struggles that underlie them. Scientists recently conducted a study to explore this phenomenon.its consequences,and possible solutions.In modern work and school settings.it's common for people to take on too many tasks but receive insufficient rewards. This imbalance between effort and reward can lead to various negative outcomes,including bumout,anxiety,and even physical diseascs. Auempting to explain how this gap arises,the researchers investigated"floating duck syndrome".The social pressure makes people celebrate their successes while hiding the hard efort.As a result,others underestimate the effor required to achieve goals.This leads individuals to over-invest their total effort and spread it across too many activities,reducing the success rate of each activity and creating an effort-reward imbalance. To illustrate this,the researchers built a mathematical model of social learing,using students'activity choices as a case study.In a situation where people lack full knowledge of the effort needed for success,visibility biases ()such as those who seem to achieve perfection easily,make individuals expect greater rewards for their efforts than they actually get. These findings are crucial as modem life demands that we divide our time and energy among different aspects like school,work family,and leisure.How we distribute our resources and the resulting rewards have a far-reaching impact on our well-being. To address"floating duck syndrome,"we need to stop downplaying the effort in social lcaming and promote aculture of openness about our achievements and setbacks.This way,we can better understand the work required and avoid overextending ourselves in the pursuit ofan unrealistic ideal. 32.What does"floating duck syndrome"in the passage refer to? A.A syndrome that causes physical diseases in individuals. B.A social pressure that makes people over-invest in work 6.A phenomenon where ducks swim effortlessly on the water. 'D A situation where people show achievements but hide efforts. 英语试卷·第5页（共8页） 33.What can we infer from the study about the effort-reward imbalance? A.It is mainly caused by the lack of social support. B.It results from people's underestimation of effort. C.It can be avoided by reducing the number of tasks. D.It has no significant impact on people's well-being. 34.What does the mathematical model reveal about visibility biases? .They cause higher reward expectations. B.They make people over-estimate effort. C.They help people achieve goals easily. D.They increase the success rate of activities. 35.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.How to Achieve a Better Effort-Reward Balance B.The Negative Effects of Over-investing in Tasks .Floating Duck Syndrome:The Hidden Effort Behind Apparent Success D.Social Leaming:A Misleading Focus in Floating Duck Syndrome Analysis 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What is"Spaying"? Impulse buying.Paying bills late.Emotional spending..But other practices are more harmful- like“spaying.” "Spaying"refers to the act of spending in order to save.With many items on sale,spayers purchase a lot of discounted goods,believing they can save in the long term.n fact,they can trick you into spending more,leading to credit card debt.To avoid falling into the trap of spaying.experts share practical tips on how to make wiser purchasing decisions. 38 Resist the desire to spay by avoiding sale reminders however possible.It is advised to unsubscribe from newsletters that send you the latest sales and deals from your favonte brands.Tum off notifications in deal apps- or delete them altogether. Set aside a waiting period Always sleep on a potential purchase to give yourself time to think it over.39:Experts recommended adopting a 24-hour waiting period,or even going a step further with a 48-hour rule before buying something.even if it's on sale. Make a spending budget Assess your spending habits to create awareness and come up with a plan to cut back little by little.It's alsoa good idea to take a look at just how much you've spent over the year so far on excess purchases,which can be shocking and give you an urge to make changes. If you're buying something to make yourself feel better after a bad day or as a reward for a job well done,the fleeting feelings will pass. A.Avoid sale pushes. B.Stick to your shopping list. C.It's clear why these financial habits are bad. B.This allows that excitement of the deal to fade. E.If you do,even another ten dollars will be spect. FHowever,cheap items are not necessarily good deals. G.So do find other ways to cope with sadness or to celebrate wins. 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共15个小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 英语试卷·第6页（共8页） 间读下面如文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。并在 答题纸上将该项涂黑。 One summer night,my friends and I stole into the Jordan's backyard and started harvesting their swect.juicy struwberrics.We were enjoying every bite of the tasty berries 41 Mr Jordan came charging outside all ofa sudden "What are you boys doing out here?"he yelled as my friends ran ofT in all 42.He attempted to catch one or two as they rushed past him,bul they were too 43 for the old gentleman to catch.Within seconds, the boys 44 into the dark of the summer night.All excepl me. Ilowever,speed was never my45.I took the tongue-lashing (that Mr.Jordan gave me as he marched me down the block to my house,where my mother took over and scolded me46My friends said they could hear every47word she spoke from the darkness of our backyard,where they had gathered to celebrate their 48 and to observe my capture. They teased me about it for days afterwards,while all I could do was to complain about how 49it was that I was the only one who had to pay the price.After about a week of this.I complained to my father about the inequality of the situation.Dad said,"You took strawberries without 50,and you get exactly the punishment you deserved." "But what about the other guys?"I asked."They didn't get punished at all!" "That's not my concem nor should it be yours,"Dad said."You can't5]what happens to others.You can only-52what happens to you.You made a bad choice that night,and you were punished for it" For the following years,I come to realize there is no guarantee that life will 53 us fairly.That's why we can't 54 comparing our lives with the lives of others.Like Dad said,that isn't our 55. 41.A.before B.when C.since D.after 42.A.eforts B.circumstances C.directions D.boundaries 43.A.instant B.intense C.vital D.swif 44.A.disappeared B.resisted C.revealed D.appealed 45.A.fashion B.strength C.innovation D.prospect 46 A.cruelly B.barely C.bitterly D.pitifully 47.A.ofTensive B.colourful C.violent D.creative 48.A.escape B.confict C.trial D.strategy 49.A.reliable B.remarkable C.secure D.unfair 50.A.distinguishing B.waming C.asking D.informing 51.A.prohibit B.control C.adopt D.predict 52.A.put up with B.make up with C.come up with D.go through with 53.A.detect B.resist C.advocate D.treat 54.A.be stuck in B.be occupied in C.be devoted to D.be committed to +55.A.conelusion B.complaint C.concem D.command 第二节（共10小题：每小题15分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入】个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式， In a twist,the long-forgotten CCD digital camera,once 56(perceive)"electronic waste"and pushed aside by the technological tide,is making a comeback.their slightly unclear images,these devices are popular,which is being fueled by the nostalgia trend 58f sweep)China's youth. On social media platforms,the enthusiasm for sharing secondhand,59 even multiple-hand digital cameras,is growing.Owning one makes 60 possible to shoot images with an old-fashioned hue,the texture of film,and the "cold white skin"tone. A CCD is the light-sensitive component in a digital camera.61 it can produce clear and bright images in well-lit conditions,it has limitations.Poor performance in low light and a small sensor size led to its gradual 62(replace)by CMOS sensors after 2010.Yet a search for CCD cameras on platforms like Xianyu reveals that 英语试卷·第7项（共8页） CCD has been3_aesthetic(美学的)style asa result of online posts. With the wide spread of smartphoncs,major producers 64(discontinue)their camera lines in recent years.Some pcople have wamed that many ow-ricedmermy be dithoudated echnologiend ageing senr.Otherbelieve tha CCDs are providing the young withaway ofexpressin themselves Sharing photos has65complcte)become a social ritual. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假设你是李华，近期你发现身边部分同学直接使用A!工具生成英语作文提交作业，这一现象引发了 你的关注。请你给学校英文报社投稿，说明具体情况，并提出合理使用！的建议。内容包括： 1.陈述具体现象： 2.提出合理建议。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右： (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Don't Let Al Replace Your Own Writing 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文， When Sam was two years and rwo months old,he began to shut the world away.The once-happy little boy. who was already starting to pick up words of both English and Spanish.suddenly stopped speaking:stopped looking his family in the eye;stopped communieating altogether.Most of the time,all Sam did was lie on the sofa touching his ears. He started to display certain bebavioral changes.He began to have this funny thing with straight lines where he would pick up a toy and look at it sideways,or lie on his front for hours on end,rolling a car in front of his eyes. Within two years,his mother Jo visited one expert after another with Sam and tried various treatment methods; however.nothing seemed to work.What was worse,in about three weeks Sam's grandfather died of cancer,his parents divorced and his family were robbed-and all the while,Sam was becoming more and more withdrawn. His cyes were dead. And it was then that Sam was eventually diagnosed with autism ()As a single mother.Jo had no choice but to go straight to work herself to eam a living while researching the condition and try her best to help Sam to come back out of himself.For Jo,the following eight years was a terrifying time,walching her son disappearing just in front ofher eyes.All methods tried,money running oul,Jo had no choice but to take Sam,by now completely non-verbal,from the hustle and bustle (of the city to the calm of the Devon countryside. Once on a local farm,they came across Chester,a mini pig belonging to a farmer.It was so small that they didn't even sce it at first sight.As they walked down the grassland,the only little pig was hiding in the comer.He looked sad and lonely,like Sam often did. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右： 2.请技如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. When Sam saw Chester,he went over to the little pig immediately. The farmer agreed and Jo took Chester home. 出题人：陈艳审核人：森雅情 英语试卷·氟8页（共8页） 浙江省杭州第十四中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末阶段性测试高二年级英语学科试题答案详解 听力1-20略 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 【原文大意】体裁：应用文（旅游广告）；大意：本文是一篇关于乘坐“发现号”游轮前往南极旅行的广告，介绍了旅行的独特体验、具体的航程安排、包含的服务以及旅程的核心——在南极专家带领下了解南极脆弱的生态系统。 【21题详解】答案：D 考点：细节理解题 答题依据（第2段原句）：“…and have the opportunity, weather permitting, to set foot on Antarctica's shores...” 解题思路：​ 题目问“发现号”游轮包含什么活动。第二段明确说明，在天气允许的情况下，有机会“踏上南极海岸（set foot on Antarctica's shores）”。D选项是原文的同义转述。 【22题详解】答案：B 考点：细节理解题（图表信息解读） 答题依据（第2个航程信息下方注释原句）：“Note: some sailings might be in reverse, from Santiago to Buenos Aires” 解题思路：​ 题目问哪个航程可能反向航行。只有12月16日出发的“南极、智利和巴塔哥尼亚”航程下方注释说明“有些航行可能是反向的”。因此是12月（December）的航程。 【23题详解】答案：C 考点：细节理解题 答题依据（最后一段原句）：“The priority of the cruises is to provide you with opportunities to learn about Antarctica's fragile ecosystem. Lectures... will bring Antarctica to life.” 解题思路：​ 文章最后指出，航程的首要任务是提供了解南极脆弱生态系统的机会。因此，“发现号”航程的一个主要重点是“了解南极的环境（learning about the environment of Antarctica）”。 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. C 【原文大意】体裁：记叙文（个人经历）；大意：文章讲述了“我”的母亲因严重心脏病需要接受心脏移植手术，全家人从震惊、担忧到最终支持手术，并成功度过难关的故事，表达了对器官捐献者和医护人员的感激之情，以及对生命延续的感悟。 【24题详解】答案：B 考点：细节理解题 答题依据（第1段原句）：“But, although my two sisters and I knew that our mother had heart problems, this news still made us frozen for a while with our eyes widening in disbelief.” 解题思路：​ 题目问尽管知道母亲有心脏病，家人为何仍感震惊。第一段说明，虽然知道母亲有心脏病，但“需要新心脏（换心手术）”这个消息还是让他们目瞪口呆。因此是他们“没有预料到需要心脏移植（didn't expect the heart transplant）”。 【25题详解】答案：D 考点：细节理解题 答题依据（第3段Dr. Semigran的话原句）：“'You're at the top end of the age group of sixty years old. The lungs and other organs must be healthy and strong... acceptance by the body is the difficult thing.'” 解题思路：​ Semigran医生强调的风险包括年龄偏大（60岁）、其他器官必须健康强壮，以及身体对移植心脏的排斥反应。因此他强调的是“母亲的年龄和身体状况（The mother's age and physical condition）”。 【26题详解】答案：C 考点：细节理解题 答题依据（第4段原句）：“Despite the risk, we chose to believe that she would make it eventually.” 解题思路：​ 尽管有风险，家人还是选择支持手术，因为他们“相信尽管有风险，她仍有希望（believed in her chances despite the risks）”。 【27题详解】答案：C 考点：词义猜测题（语境推理） 答题依据（最后一段原句）：“The irony of the transplant process is that one family's loss is another's gain. It is a kind of life after death...” 解题思路：​ “irony”在此处的语境是：一个家庭的失去（捐献者死亡）成了另一个家庭的获得（受赠者重生），这是一种“死后重生”。这是一种看似矛盾却深刻的事实。因此“irony”指的是“一个悲剧事件导致了另一个家庭的希望（A tragic event leading to another family's hope）”。 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 【原文大意】体裁：说明文（科普实验）；大意：文章介绍了一项神经科学研究，该研究通过脑部扫描发现，人在饥饿时看到食物和人在孤独时看到社交活动，大脑中相同的区域（中脑）会被激活，且渴望越强烈，该区域活动越活跃，揭示了饥饿和孤独在神经机制上的相似性。 【28题详解】答案：C 考点：细节理解题 答题依据（第2段原句）：“After both days, Tomova and her colleagues put the people in a MRI machine. It shows activity in the brain by tracking how much blood is flowing to each region.” 解题思路：​ 题目问Tomova如何验证研究结果。第二段末尾说明，他们在受试者禁食和隔离后，将其放入“MRI机器”中，通过追踪血流来“监测大脑活动（monitoring brain activity）”。 【29题详解】答案：B 考点：细节理解题 答题依据（第3段原句）：“The midbrain plays an important part in people's motivation to seek food or friends.” 解题思路：​ 关于中脑，文章明确指出它“在人们寻求食物或朋友的动机中起重要作用（helps motivate desire for food）”。A项（由两个区域组成）是事实但非主要特征；C项（吃饱时停止工作）和D项（对失去朋友反应减弱）与文意相反。 【30题详解】答案：A 考点：代词指代 答题依据（第3段原句）：“Both areas produce dopamine... The two areas activated when hungry participants saw pictures... After the volunteers had been isolated, those brain areas became active when they saw social activities...” 解题思路：​ 划线词“it”指代前文提到的“中脑（midbrain）”的特定区域。那些区域在饥饿和孤独时都会对相关信号产生反应。 【31题详解答案：C** 考点：推理判断题 答题依据（第3、4段原句）：“But hunger and loneliness increased the reactions and made people's responses specific to the thing they were missing. And the more hunger or isolation the volunteers said they were experiencing, the stronger the activity in this part of the brain.” 解题思路：​ 研究发现，饥饿和孤独都会“增强大脑对缺失事物的反应（cause the brain to respond more strongly to what is missed）”，且感受越强烈，大脑活动越活跃。这是两者的共同点。 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【原文大意】体裁：说明文（社会现象分析）；大意：文章介绍了“漂浮的鸭子综合症”现象，即人们公开展示成就却隐藏背后的努力，并通过科学研究分析了这一现象如何导致努力与回报失衡，以及如何通过提高社会学习的透明度来应对。 【32题详解】答案：D 考点：细节理解题（概念理解） 答题依据（第1段原句）：“It is a phenomenon where individuals publicly display their achievements while hiding the hard work and struggles that underlie them.” 解题思路：​ 文章对“漂浮的鸭子综合症”的明确定义是：个人公开展示成就，同时隐藏其下的努力和挣扎的现象。D选项是此定义的直接转述。 【33题详解】答案：B 考点：推理判断题 答题依据（第3段原句）：“The social pressure makes people celebrate their successes while hiding the hard effort. As a result, others underestimate the effort required to achieve goals. This leads individuals to over-invest... creating an effort-reward imbalance.” 解题思路：​ 文章指出，由于社会压力，人们隐藏努力，导致他人低估所需努力，进而使个体过度投资，造成努力-回报失衡。因此，这种失衡“源于人们对努力的低估（results from people's underestimation of effort）”。 【34题详解】答案：A 考点：细节理解题 答题依据（第4段原句）：“…visibility biases... make individuals expect greater rewards for their efforts than they actually get.” 解题思路：​ 可见性偏差（如看到他人看似轻松成功）会“导致人们对其努力能带来的回报产生过高的期望（cause higher reward expectations）”。 【35题详解】答案：C 考点：主旨标题题 解题思路：​ 全文围绕“漂浮的鸭子综合症”展开，阐述了其定义（表面轻松，背后努力）、成因（社会压力、可见性偏差）和后果（努力-回报失衡）。C选项“漂浮的鸭子综合症：表面成功背后的隐藏努力”准确概括了文章核心。A、B、D项均未能全面概括文章内容。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 【答案】36. C 37. E 38. A 39. D 40. G 【原文大意】体裁：说明文（个人理财）；大意：文章介绍了一种名为“为省而花”的不理性消费行为，即为了省钱而购买打折商品，结果反而花费更多，并给出了避免陷入此种消费陷阱的几点实用建议。 【36题详解】答案：C 答题依据（第1段空缺处位于段中） 解题思路：​ 空格前列举了冲动消费、逾期付款等不良财务习惯。空格后通过“But”转折，引出“为省而花”这种更隐蔽的行为。因此空格处需要总结前文，说明这些习惯的共性。C选项“很明显为什么这些财务习惯是坏的”承上启下，符合逻辑。 【37题详解】答案：E 答题依据（第2段空缺处位于段中） 解题思路：​ 空格前说“为省而花”者购买打折商品，以为长期能省钱。空格后说它们反而诱使你花更多。因此空格处需要解释为什么看似省钱实则不然。E选项“然而，便宜的东西不一定是好买卖”解释了原因，衔接自然。 【38题详解】答案：A 答题依据（第3段空缺处位于段首） 解题思路：​ 本段后文建议退订促销邮件、关闭促销APP通知，核心是“避免促销推送”。因此段首小标题用A选项“避免促销推送”最贴切。 【39题详解】答案：D 答题依据（第4段空缺处位于段中） 解题思路：​ 空格前建议“睡一觉”再决定购买，给自己思考时间。空格后具体建议24或48小时等待期。因此空格处需要说明这样做的目的。D选项“这能让交易带来的兴奋感消退”解释了等待期的好处，符合语境。 【40题详解答案：G** 答题依据（最后一段空缺处位于段中） 解题思路：​ 空格前说如果为了感觉更好或作为奖励而购物，短暂的感觉会消失。空格处需要提出替代方案。G选项“所以要找到其他应对悲伤或庆祝胜利的方式”给出了正面建议，与前文形成“不要…而要…”的转折关系。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. C 51. B 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. C 【原文大意】体裁：记叙文；大意：文章讲述了“我”童年时与朋友偷草莓被农场主Jordan先生发现，其他朋友迅速跑掉而“我”因跑得慢被抓住并受到惩罚。“我”向父亲抱怨处罚不公，父亲教育“我”要为自己的行为负责，而非与他人比较，这个道理让“我”终身受益。 【41题详解】答案：B. when 考点分析：连词辨析（时间状语从句） 句意：我们正享受着多汁浆果的每一口，这时Jordan先生突然冲了出来。 选项词义：​ A. before 在…之前；B. when 这时，突然；C. since 自从；D. after 在…之后。 解题思路：​ “be doing... when...”是固定句型，表示“正在做某事，这时突然…”，强调动作的突然性。 【42题详解】答案：C. directions 考点分析：名词辨析（固定搭配） 句意：……当我的朋友们向四面八方跑掉时。 选项词义：​ A. efforts 努力；B. circumstances 环境；C. directions 方向；D. boundaries 边界。 解题思路：​ “in all directions”是固定搭配，意为“向四面八方”。 【43题详解】答案：D. swift 考点分析：形容词辨析（特质） 句意：……但他们对于这位老先生来说太快了，抓不住。 选项词义：​ A. instant 即刻的；B. intense 强烈的；C. vital 至关重要的；D. swift 迅速的。 解题思路：​ 形容朋友们跑得快，用“swift”。 【44题详解】答案：A. disappeared 考点分析：动词辨析（动作） 句意：几秒钟内，男孩们就消失在夏夜的黑暗中。 选项词义：​ A. disappeared 消失；B. resisted 抵抗；C. revealed 显露；D. appealed 呼吁。 解题思路：​ 跑进黑暗中，自然是“消失（disappeared）”。 【45题详解】答案：B. strength 考点分析：名词辨析（能力） 句意：然而，速度从来不是我的强项。 选项词义：​ A. fashion 时尚；B. strength 强项，长处；C. innovation 创新；D. prospect 前景。 解题思路：​ 与跑得快相对，速度慢即速度不是“强项（strength）”。 【46题详解】答案：C. bitterly 考点分析：副词辨析（程度、方式） 句意：……我母亲接替了他，狠狠地责骂了我。 选项词义：​ A. cruelly 残酷地；B. barely 几乎不；C. bitterly 严厉地，痛苦地；D. pitifully 可怜地。 解题思路：​ 形容责骂的程度，用“bitterly”（狠狠地）符合母亲生气的情境。 【47题详解】答案：B. colourful 考点分析：形容词辨析（语言特点） 句意：朋友们说他们能听到她说的每一个生动的词…… 选项词义：​ A. offensive 冒犯的；B. colourful 生动的，绘声绘色的；C. violent 暴力的；D. creative 有创意的。 解题思路：​ 形容责骂的话语很“生动、绘声绘色（colourful）”，带有幽默色彩。 【48题详解】答案：A. escape 考点分析：名词辨析（事件） 句意：……庆祝他们的逃脱，并围观我被抓。 选项词义：​ A. escape 逃脱；B. conflict 冲突；C. trial 审判；D. strategy 策略。 解题思路：​ 朋友们成功跑掉，是“逃脱（escape）”。 【49题详解】答案：D. unfair 考点分析：形容词辨析（情感） 句意：……抱怨这多么不公平，只有我受到了惩罚。 选项词义：​ A. reliable 可靠的；B. remarkable 非凡的；C. secure 安全的；D. unfair 不公平的。 解题思路：​ 只有“我”受罚，其他人没事，故感到“不公平（unfair）”。 【50题详解】答案：C. asking 考点分析：动名词辨析（行为） 句意：爸爸说：“你不问自取拿了草莓，你得到了应得的惩罚。” 选项词义：​ A. distinguishing 区分；B. warning 警告；C. asking 询问；D. informing 通知。 解题思路：​ “未经允许”用“without asking”。 【51题详解】答案：B. control 考点分析：动词辨析 句意：你无法控制别人身上会发生什么。 选项词义：​ A. prohibit 禁止；B. control 控制；C. adopt 采用；D. predict 预测。 解题思路：​ 父亲教育“我”，我们无法“控制（control）”别人的遭遇。 【52题详解答案：A. put up with** 考点分析：动词短语辨析 句意：你只能忍受发生在你身上的事。 选项词义：​ A. put up with 忍受；B. make up with 与…和好；C. come up with 想出；D. go through with 完成。 解题思路：​ 对于自己必须承受的后果，只能“忍受（put up with）”。 【53题详解】答案：D. treat 考点分析：动词辨析 句意：……生活不保证会公平地对待我们。 选项词义：​ A. detect 探测；B. resist 抵抗；C. advocate 提倡；D. treat 对待。 解题思路：​ “对待某人”用“treat sb.”。 【54题详解】答案：A. be stuck in 考点分析：动词短语辨析 句意：这就是为什么我们不能陷入将自己的生活与他人生活比较的困境。 选项词义：​ A. be stuck in 陷入；B. be occupied in 忙于；C. be devoted to 致力于；D. be committed to 承诺。 解题思路：​ “陷入…困境”用“be stuck in”。 【55题详解】答案：C. concern 考点分析：名词辨析 句意：就像爸爸说的，那不是我们该关心的事。 选项词义：​ A. business 生意；B. fault 过错；C. concern 关心的事；D. dream 梦想。 解题思路：​ “不是我们该关心的事”用“not our concern”。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 【答案】56. perceived 57. Despite 58. that/which 59. or 60. it 61. Although/Though/While 62. replacement 63. an 64. have discontinued 65. completely 【原文大意】体裁：说明文（社会现象）；大意：文章介绍了曾被视为电子垃圾的CCD数码相机因怀旧风潮在中国年轻人中重新流行起来的现象，分析了其技术特点、被淘汰的原因以及作为审美风格回归的现状。 【56题详解】答案：perceived 考点分析：过去分词作状语 句意：曾被视为“电子垃圾”…… 解题思路：​ 动词perceive与句子主语“the long-forgotten CCD digital camera”是被动关系（相机被视作），用过去分词短语作状语。 【57题详解答案：Despite** 考点分析：介词（让步） 句意：尽管图像有点模糊…… 解题思路：​ 前后句意转折，表示“尽管…”，用介词“Despite”。 【58题详解】答案：that/which 考点分析：定语从句关系代词 句意：……正席卷中国年轻人的怀旧风潮所推动。 解题思路：​ 先行词是“trend”，在定语从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词that或which。 【59题详解】答案：or 考点分析：并列连词 句意：二手，或者甚至N手数码相机…… 解题思路：​ 表示选择关系，“甚至”之意，用“or”。 【60题详解】答案：it 考点分析：形式宾语 句意：拥有一部使得拍摄具有……风格的图像成为可能。 解题思路：​ “make it possible to do sth”是固定句型，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。 【61题详解】答案：Although/Though/While 考点分析：让步状语从句连词 句意：虽然它在光线好的条件下能产出清晰明亮的图像，但它有局限性。 解题思路：​ 前后分句是让步关系，“虽然…但是…”，用Although/Though/While。 【62题详解】答案：replacement 考点分析：词性转换（动词→名词） 句意：……导致了它在2010年后被CMOS传感器逐步取代。 解题思路：​ 形容词性物主代词its后需接名词。动词replace的名词形式是replacement。 【63题详解】答案：an 考点分析：不定冠词 句意：……CCD已成为一种审美风格…… 解题思路：​ “aesthetic”以元音音素开头，且表示“一种”风格，用“an”。 【64题详解答案：have discontinued** 考点分析：现在完成时 句意：……主要生产商近年来已经停止了他们的相机产品线。 解题思路：​ 时间状语“in recent years”通常与现在完成时连用。 【65题详解】答案：completely 考点分析：词性转换（形容词→副词） 句意：分享照片已经完全变成了一种社交仪式。 解题思路：​ 修饰动词“has become”，需用副词。形容词complete的副词形式是completely。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 【答案】参考范文 Don't Let AI Replace Your Own Writing Recently, I've noticed a concerning trend: some classmates are directly submitting English compositions generated by AI tools as their homework. This practice, while saving time, undermines the very purpose of writing assignments – to develop our critical thinking, language proficiency, and unique voice. To use AI responsibly, I propose the following suggestions. First, view AI as a learning assistant, not a replacement. Use it to gather ideas or check grammar, but ensure the core thinking and structuring are your own. Second, always analyze and revise the AI-generated content. Understand why certain expressions are used instead of copying them blindly. Finally, prioritize the learning process over the final product. The struggle to articulate thoughts is where real improvement happens. Let's harness AI wisely to enhance, not hinder, our growth as independent thinkers and effective communicators. 【考点分析】 词汇积累（15-20个）：​ concerning trend, submitting, generated by AI tools, practice, undermines, purpose, develop, critical thinking, language proficiency, unique voice, responsibly, propose, learning assistant, replacement, gather ideas, check grammar, core thinking, analyze and revise, expressions, copying blindly, prioritize, learning process, articulate thoughts, real improvement, harness, enhance, hinder, independent thinkers, effective communicators. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句: 原句：Some classmates use AI. This saves time but is bad. 拓展句：This practice, while saving time, undermines the very purpose of writing assignments – to develop our critical thinking, language proficiency, and unique voice.​ (运用了“while + doing”作让步状语和破折号进行解释说明，使句子逻辑层次更丰富，表意更精确) 【点睛】 【高分句型1】​ "Use it to gather ideas or check grammar, but ensure the core thinking and structuring are your own." (运用了“祈使句 + but引导的并列句”结构，简洁有力地提出了具体且可操作的建议) 【高分句型2】​ "The struggle to articulate thoughts is where real improvement happens." (运用了表语从句“where real improvement happens”，强调了写作过程中努力的价值，升华了主题) 第二节（满分25分） 67. 【答案】参考范文 Paragraph 1:When Sam saw Chester, he went over to the little pig immediately. He stopped rolling his car and, for the first time in years, looked directly at another living creature. Chester, initially wary, sniffed the air and let out a soft grunt. Instead of his usual retreat into himself, Sam slowly reached out a hand. He didn't touch the pig but kept his palm open, a silent invitation. Chester took a tentative step forward, then another, until his snout gently nudged Sam's fingers. A sound, something between a sigh and a whimper, escaped Sam's lips. It wasn't a word, but it was communication. Jo watched, her heart pounding, afraid to breathe. She hadn't seen her son initiate contact with anyone or anything for eight long years. In that quiet moment, by the fence, a lonely boy and a lonely pig found a connection that words couldn't express. Paragraph 2:The farmer agreed and Jo took Chester home. That night, Chester slept at the foot of Sam's bed. The following days were marked by small miracles. Sam started mimicking Chester's grunts. He would lead the pig around the garden, and for the first time, Jo saw a flicker of purpose in her son's eyes. The repetitive behaviors lessened. The sideways glancing at toys decreased. Sam still didn't speak, but he was present. He would sit for hours, stroking Chester's back, while the pig would lie contentedly beside him. Jo realized that Chester wasn't a pet; he was a bridge. He had reached a part of Sam that doctors and therapies could not. The quiet Devon countryside, which Jo had chosen out of desperation, became a place of healing. The hustle and bustle of the city had overwhelmed Sam, but the simple, unconditional acceptance of a miniature pig was slowly bringing him back to the world. 【原文大意】体裁：记叙文；大意：讲述了单身母亲Jo带着患有自闭症、已完全失语的儿子Sam从城市搬到德文郡乡下，在农场遇到迷你猪Chester后，Sam的生活开始发生意想不到的积极变化的故事。 1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句“When Sam saw Chester, he went over to the little pig immediately.”：需详细描写Sam看到Chester后的具体反应（与以往行为的对比）、他与猪的初次互动细节（动作、声音）、以及母亲Jo观察到此情此景时的心理活动。重点展现“联系”的建立。 ②由第二段首句“The farmer agreed and Jo took Chester home.”：需描写Chester进入家庭生活后带来的具体变化（Sam行为、情绪的积极改变）、Sam与Chester的互动日常，并点明Chester对Sam的特殊意义（桥梁、治愈），以及环境变化的作用。 2. 续写线索： Sam看见Chester → 主动靠近（打破常规）→ 初步互动（无声交流）→ Jo的观察与希望 → 带Chester回家 → 共同生活 → 积极变化（行为、情绪）→ 揭示意义（Chester是桥梁，乡村是治愈环境）→ 主题升华。 3. 词汇激活（15-20个）： 1. 2. for the first time in years 多年来的第一次 3. living creature 生物 4. initially wary 起初警惕 5. sniffed the air 嗅了嗅空气 6. soft grunt 轻柔的咕噜声 7. retreat into himself 退缩回自己的世界 8. reached out 伸出手 9. tentative step 试探性的步子 10. nudged 轻推 11. initiate contact 主动接触 12. small miracles 小奇迹 13. mimicking 模仿 14. a flicker of purpose 一丝目标感 15. repetitive behaviors 重复性行为 16. lessened 减少 17. present 在当下，专注 18. stroking 抚摸 19. a bridge 一座桥梁 20. healing 治愈 21. unconditional acceptance 无条件的接纳 【点睛】 [高分句型1] "He didn't touch the pig but kept his palm open, a silent invitation."​ (运用了“but”连接的并列结构和“a silent invitation”同位语，细腻地刻画了Sam小心翼翼又充满期待的动作) [高分句型2] "It wasn't a word, but it was communication."​ (运用了“not... but...”的强烈对比，突出了非语言交流的深远意义) [高分句型3] "Jo realized that Chester wasn't a pet; he was a bridge."​ (运用了分号连接两个并列句和隐喻修辞“a bridge”，深刻地揭示了Chester的真正作用) [高分句型4] "The hustle and bustle of the city had overwhelmed Sam, but the simple, unconditional acceptance of a miniature pig was slowly bringing him back to the world."​ (运用了“had overwhelmed”和“was bringing back”的时态对比以及“but”连接的并列句，清晰地展现了环境改变和Chester带来的积极影响) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $