专题七 形容词和副词 学案 -2026年河北省中考英语语法专题复习
2026-02-02
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专题七 形容词和副词
@知识概览
@考纲考情分析
#命题点
#考查角度
#涉及题型
#年份及题号
#考查词
#解题依据
形容词和副词
形容词的
词义辨析
(5年10考)
完形填空
2025年32题
new/wise/famous/honest
语境
2025年40题
quick/short/right/ready
语境
2022年42题
right/safe/poor/natural
语境
2022年44题
last/great/free/long
语境
2022年46题
fresh/thin/clear/cool
语境
2021年42题
tired/angry/excited/good
语境
2021年44题
kind/clever/strict/careful
语境
2020年45题
lovely/friendly/happy/
sleepy
语境
完形填空
2023年41题
lazy/tired/ugly/stupid
语境
2023年48题
brave/active/proud/honest
语境
副词的词义辨析
(5年6考)
单项选择
2021年33题
never/seldom/sometimes
/always
语境
完形填空
2025年38题
usually/exactly/directly/
suddenly
语境
2021年49题
clearly/luckily/quickly
/politely
语境
2020年46题
somewhere/everywhere/
anywhere/nowhere
语境
2020年48题
ever/never/seldom/always
语境
完形填空
2023年45题
suddenly/nearly/finally/
recently
语境
形容词和副词
形容词副词转化
(5年4考)
词语运用
2025年42题
recent—recently
修饰动词happened
2025年46题
interest—interesting
主语是Some of the things
2025年51题
thank—thankful
主语I
2023年72题
real—really
修饰形容词shy
形容词的比较等级
(5年3考)
单项选择
2021年38题
lower/lowest/higher/
highest
最高级标志词组 the world’s
2020年36题
older/oldest/younger/
youngest
最高级标志词组 in her family
词语运用
2018年71题
busy—busier
比较级标志词than
副词的比较等级
(5年1考)
词语运用
2021年78题
fast—faster
比较级标志词than
名词变形容词
(5年1考)
词语运用
2022年72题
friend—friendly
修饰名词person
动词变形容词
词语运用
2023年77题
relax—relaxed
感官动词搭配形容词
@知识梳理
命题点一 形容词词义辨析
河北中考对形容词词义辨析的考查越来越注重语言环境下的意义区别,且偏向同类形容词词义辨析。形容词从功能上可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语。考生在复习时可以分类别去记忆形容词的词义。下面列举常见同类或词义相对类形容词。
#同类形容词
人物
描述
funny有趣的 noisy吵闹的 lucky幸运的
strict严格的 friendly友好的 active积极的
brave勇敢的 confident自信的 careful细心的
clever聪明的 crazy疯狂的 cute可爱的
excellent优秀的 handsome英俊的 honest诚实的
kind善良的 lazy懒惰的 lively活泼的
polite礼貌的 rude粗鲁的 serious严肃的
shy害羞的 straight直接的 stupid笨的;愚蠢的
ugly丑陋的
事物描述
easy容易的 safe安全的 valuable有价值的
good好的 awful可怕的 boring无聊的
big大的 difficult困难的 full完整的
interesting有趣的 long长的 old古老的
meaningful有意义的
情感或感受描述
angry生气的 happy高兴的 tired劳累的
bored无聊的 excited兴奋的 glad乐意的
worried担忧的 nervous紧张的 pleased快乐的
proud自豪的 surprised惊讶的 sorry抱歉的
scared害怕的 thankful感激的 interested感兴趣的
既可描述人物又可描述事物
heavy重的 fast快的 helpful有帮助的
quiet安静的 special特殊的 useful有用的
词义相对类形容词
单词
含义
单词
含义
单词
含义
单词
含义
similar
相似的
different
不同的
quiet
安静的
noisy
嘈杂的
cheap
便宜的
expensive
昂贵的
rich
富裕的
poor
贫穷的
dirty
脏的
clean
干净的
right
正确的
wrong
错误的
easy
简单的
difficult
困难的
sad
伤心的
happy
高兴的
free
空闲的
busy
忙碌的
small
小的
big
大的
good
好的
bad
坏的
strong
强壮的
weak
瘦弱的
hot
热的
cold
寒冷的
warm
暖和的
cool
凉爽的
little
渺小的
great
伟大的
wonderful
精彩的
terrible
糟糕的
long
长的
short
短的
young
年轻的
old
年长的
low
低的
high
高的
fat
胖的
thin
瘦的
命题点二 副词词义辨析
河北中考对副词词义辨析的考查角度包括:以-ly结尾的副词词义辨析、频度副词词义辨析、程度副词词义辨析、时间副词词义辨析。针对这类在语境中辨析词义的试题,考生应读懂句意,抓住题干中的关键信息,分析上下文,并且分析四个选项所表达的意思,仔细分辨它们之间的差异之后,选出正确的答案。
副词的用法:副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子的词,一般放在动词后或句首作状语。
#副词分类表
常见以-ly结尾副词
常见程度副词
(词组)
常见频度副词
(词组)
常见时间副词
(词组)
常见地点副词
(词组)
loudly slowly
quickly quietly
exactly finally
recently actually
properly really
hardly busily
especially carefully
quite only
rather even
enough hardly
a lot almost
so such
twice once
sometimes never
usually often
always daily
ever weekly
every day
again and again
now today
before ago early
late immediately
already tomorrow
yesterday just now
at once
here there
left right upstairs
downstairs
everywhere
over there
here and there
命题点三 形容词和副词的比较等级
河北中考对形容词的比较等级考查角度包括比较等级的结构、比较等级结构和词义辨析的混合考查,而河北中考对副词的比较等级考查角度是比较等级的结构。比较等级的结构分为原级、比较级和最高级。
原级判定方法:由程度副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时,用形容词原级。
比较级判定方法:由程度副词a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰时,或有标志词than,用形容词或副词的比较级。
最高级判定方法:表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,若有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格作限定词,副词最高级前可以不用the。(具体细则如下表)
#形容词和副词的比较等级表
形容词、副词原级典型结构
1. The garden is so beautiful.
2. He drives too quickly.
3. 肯定句:as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 用作比喻的名词,意为“像……一样”。如:
He is as tall (形容词) as Tim. He can run as fast (副词) as Tom.
4. 否定句:not so/as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 用作比喻的名词,意为“不像……一样”。如:
He is not so/as tall (形容词) as Tim. He can’t run so/as fast (副词) as Tom.
形容词、副词比较级结构
1. 暗含比较级
如:This coat is too small, but I want a bigger one. (形容词)
You are too slow. Can you walk faster? (副词)
2. 含标志词 A ... + 比较级(含more + 多音节形容词原级) + than + B,表示“A比B……”
如:This red ruler is much longer than the blue one. (形容词)
In my opinion, man-made sights are more interesting than natural ones. (形容词)
Mike can jump a bit higher than Jim. (副词)
Lily often speaks English more quickly than Amy. (副词)
3. “the + 比较级,the + 比较级”,此结构表示“越……越……”
如:The healthier we are, the happier we will be. (形容词)
The more we read, (副词) the better we can be. (形容词)
4.“比较级 + and + 比较级”,表示 “越来越……”
如:If you work hard, you will be better and better. (形容词)
形容词、副词最高级结构
1.句末跟一个in/of 短语来表示范围时常用形容词最高级。
如:Emily is the youngest person in her family. (形容词)
Frank jumps highest but he runs most slowly of the 10 boys. (副词)
2.“A + be + one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”,表示“A是……中最……之一”
如:It’s really one of the most amazing things on the earth! 〖冀教九(全)Unit 5 P76〗 (形容词)
3.否定词 + 比较级= 最高级
如:In our school nobody is more humorous than Danny.= Danny is the most humorous in our school. (形容词)
@考场实战
Ⅰ.根据句意或所给提示,填写正确的单词。
1.(2025·河北中考42题1分)Anyone in my family is free to write down something good that has happened (recent).
2.(2025·河北中考46题1分)Some of the things are (interest), some are serious, and some just give hope.
3.(2025·河北中考51题1分)I’m so (thank) to my parents for their love.
4.(2025·河北徐水模拟)At first, I was very (disappoint) when I knew my duty—to keep the camera safe.
5.(2025·河北徐水模拟)An hour later, I found a boy standing in front of the camera to get an even (good) view.
6.—He is so humorous and kind. All his students love him.
— (exact). He is my favorite teacher.
7.Bruce jumps (far) than most of the students in his class.
8. —It is said that elephants are the (large) existing land mammals (哺乳动物) on Earth.
—But elephant populations have fallen sharply.
9.Eddie, look at your (tidy) room. You’d better keep everything in order.
10.After a night’s rain, the mountains are much greener and the air is much (fresh).
Ⅱ.短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词。(有提示词的,填入所给单词的正确形式)
Do you like to take a school trip with your classmates and teachers? Where would you like to go? Museums can help you learn a lot with much fun. A school trip to a museum can be both an 11. (enjoy) and educational experience. You will 12. (easy) find there are lots of different museums that you can visit in your free time. There are a lot of 13. (wonder) DIY shows in many different museums. The shows are good 14. improving yourselves. At the same time, you can not only learn about what you are learning at school 15. also have a fantastic chance to learn more about your lessons. You can also learn a lot by watching other shows and reading 16. (much) information about them than before. You should write down something 17. (use) in a notebook or draw some pictures of what you see. This can help you to remember 18. you have seen already. All in all, museums can always bring people quite a few new 19. (thing) to know. In fact, a lot of museums are changing 20. (they) shows very often and they might help you develop some new interests.
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专题七 形容词和副词
@知识概览
@考纲考情分析
#命题点
#考查角度
#涉及题型
#年份及题号
#考查词
#解题依据
形容词和副词
形容词的
词义辨析
(5年10考)
完形填空
2025年32题
new/wise/famous/honest
语境
2025年40题
quick/short/right/ready
语境
2022年42题
right/safe/poor/natural
语境
2022年44题
last/great/free/long
语境
2022年46题
fresh/thin/clear/cool
语境
2021年42题
tired/angry/excited/good
语境
2021年44题
kind/clever/strict/careful
语境
2020年45题
lovely/friendly/happy/
sleepy
语境
完形填空
2023年41题
lazy/tired/ugly/stupid
语境
2023年48题
brave/active/proud/honest
语境
副词的词义辨析
(5年6考)
单项选择
2021年33题
never/seldom/sometimes
/always
语境
完形填空
2025年38题
usually/exactly/directly/
suddenly
语境
2021年49题
clearly/luckily/quickly
/politely
语境
2020年46题
somewhere/everywhere/
anywhere/nowhere
语境
2020年48题
ever/never/seldom/always
语境
完形填空
2023年45题
suddenly/nearly/finally/
recently
语境
形容词和副词
形容词副词转化
(5年4考)
词语运用
2025年42题
recent—recently
修饰动词happened
2025年46题
interest—interesting
主语是Some of the things
2025年51题
thank—thankful
主语I
2023年72题
real—really
修饰形容词shy
形容词的比较等级
(5年3考)
单项选择
2021年38题
lower/lowest/higher/
highest
最高级标志词组 the world’s
2020年36题
older/oldest/younger/
youngest
最高级标志词组 in her family
词语运用
2018年71题
busy—busier
比较级标志词than
副词的比较等级
(5年1考)
词语运用
2021年78题
fast—faster
比较级标志词than
名词变形容词
(5年1考)
词语运用
2022年72题
friend—friendly
修饰名词person
动词变形容词
词语运用
2023年77题
relax—relaxed
感官动词搭配形容词
@知识梳理
命题点一 形容词词义辨析
河北中考对形容词词义辨析的考查越来越注重语言环境下的意义区别,且偏向同类形容词词义辨析。形容词从功能上可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语。考生在复习时可以分类别去记忆形容词的词义。下面列举常见同类或词义相对类形容词。
#同类形容词
人物
描述
funny有趣的 noisy吵闹的 lucky幸运的
strict严格的 friendly友好的 active积极的
brave勇敢的 confident自信的 careful细心的
clever聪明的 crazy疯狂的 cute可爱的
excellent优秀的 handsome英俊的 honest诚实的
kind善良的 lazy懒惰的 lively活泼的
polite礼貌的 rude粗鲁的 serious严肃的
shy害羞的 straight直接的 stupid笨的;愚蠢的
ugly丑陋的
事物描述
easy容易的 safe安全的 valuable有价值的
good好的 awful可怕的 boring无聊的
big大的 difficult困难的 full完整的
interesting有趣的 long长的 old古老的
meaningful有意义的
情感或感受描述
angry生气的 happy高兴的 tired劳累的
bored无聊的 excited兴奋的 glad乐意的
worried担忧的 nervous紧张的 pleased快乐的
proud自豪的 surprised惊讶的 sorry抱歉的
scared害怕的 thankful感激的 interested感兴趣的
既可描述人物又可描述事物
heavy重的 fast快的 helpful有帮助的
quiet安静的 special特殊的 useful有用的
词义相对类形容词
单词
含义
单词
含义
单词
含义
单词
含义
similar
相似的
different
不同的
quiet
安静的
noisy
嘈杂的
cheap
便宜的
expensive
昂贵的
rich
富裕的
poor
贫穷的
dirty
脏的
clean
干净的
right
正确的
wrong
错误的
easy
简单的
difficult
困难的
sad
伤心的
happy
高兴的
free
空闲的
busy
忙碌的
small
小的
big
大的
good
好的
bad
坏的
strong
强壮的
weak
瘦弱的
hot
热的
cold
寒冷的
warm
暖和的
cool
凉爽的
little
渺小的
great
伟大的
wonderful
精彩的
terrible
糟糕的
long
长的
short
短的
young
年轻的
old
年长的
low
低的
high
高的
fat
胖的
thin
瘦的
命题点二 副词词义辨析
河北中考对副词词义辨析的考查角度包括:以-ly结尾的副词词义辨析、频度副词词义辨析、程度副词词义辨析、时间副词词义辨析。针对这类在语境中辨析词义的试题,考生应读懂句意,抓住题干中的关键信息,分析上下文,并且分析四个选项所表达的意思,仔细分辨它们之间的差异之后,选出正确的答案。
副词的用法:副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子的词,一般放在动词后或句首作状语。
#副词分类表
常见以-ly结尾副词
常见程度副词
(词组)
常见频度副词
(词组)
常见时间副词
(词组)
常见地点副词
(词组)
loudly slowly
quickly quietly
exactly finally
recently actually
properly really
hardly busily
especially carefully
quite only
rather even
enough hardly
a lot almost
so such
twice once
sometimes never
usually often
always daily
ever weekly
every day
again and again
now today
before ago early
late immediately
already tomorrow
yesterday just now
at once
here there
left right upstairs
downstairs
everywhere
over there
here and there
命题点三 形容词和副词的比较等级
河北中考对形容词的比较等级考查角度包括比较等级的结构、比较等级结构和词义辨析的混合考查,而河北中考对副词的比较等级考查角度是比较等级的结构。比较等级的结构分为原级、比较级和最高级。
原级判定方法:由程度副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时,用形容词原级。
比较级判定方法:由程度副词a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰时,或有标志词than,用形容词或副词的比较级。
最高级判定方法:表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,若有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格作限定词,副词最高级前可以不用the。(具体细则如下表)
#形容词和副词的比较等级表
形容词、副词原级典型结构
1. The garden is so beautiful.
2. He drives too quickly.
3. 肯定句:as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 用作比喻的名词,意为“像……一样”。如:
He is as tall (形容词) as Tim. He can run as fast (副词) as Tom.
4. 否定句:not so/as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 用作比喻的名词,意为“不像……一样”。如:
He is not so/as tall (形容词) as Tim. He can’t run so/as fast (副词) as Tom.
形容词、副词比较级结构
1. 暗含比较级
如:This coat is too small, but I want a bigger one. (形容词)
You are too slow. Can you walk faster? (副词)
2. 含标志词 A ... + 比较级(含more + 多音节形容词原级) + than + B,表示“A比B……”
如:This red ruler is much longer than the blue one. (形容词)
In my opinion, man-made sights are more interesting than natural ones. (形容词)
Mike can jump a bit higher than Jim. (副词)
Lily often speaks English more quickly than Amy. (副词)
3. “the + 比较级,the + 比较级”,此结构表示“越……越……”
如:The healthier we are, the happier we will be. (形容词)
The more we read, (副词) the better we can be. (形容词)
4.“比较级 + and + 比较级”,表示 “越来越……”
如:If you work hard, you will be better and better. (形容词)
形容词、副词最高级结构
1.句末跟一个in/of 短语来表示范围时常用形容词最高级。
如:Emily is the youngest person in her family. (形容词)
Frank jumps highest but he runs most slowly of the 10 boys. (副词)
2.“A + be + one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”,表示“A是……中最……之一”
如:It’s really one of the most amazing things on the earth! 〖冀教九(全)Unit 5 P76〗 (形容词)
3.否定词 + 比较级= 最高级
如:In our school nobody is more humorous than Danny.= Danny is the most humorous in our school. (形容词)
@考场实战
Ⅰ.根据句意或所给提示,填写正确的单词。
1.(2025·河北中考42题1分)Anyone in my family is free to write down something good that has happened recently (recent).
2.(2025·河北中考46题1分)Some of the things are interesting (interest), some are serious, and some just give hope.
3.(2025·河北中考51题1分)I’m so thankful (thank) to my parents for their love.
4.(2025·河北徐水模拟)At first, I was very disappointed (disappoint) when I knew my duty—to keep the camera safe.
5.(2025·河北徐水模拟)An hour later, I found a boy standing in front of the camera to get an even better (good) view.
6.—He is so humorous and kind. All his students love him.
— Exactly (exact). He is my favorite teacher.
7.Bruce jumps farther (far) than most of the students in his class.
8. —It is said that elephants are the largest (large) existing land mammals (哺乳动物) on Earth.
—But elephant populations have fallen sharply.
9.Eddie, look at your untidy (tidy) room. You’d better keep everything in order.
10.After a night’s rain, the mountains are much greener and the air is much fresher (fresh).
Ⅱ.短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词。(有提示词的,填入所给单词的正确形式)
Do you like to take a school trip with your classmates and teachers? Where would you like to go? Museums can help you learn a lot with much fun. A school trip to a museum can be both an 11. enjoyable (enjoy) and educational experience. You will 12. easily (easy) find there are lots of different museums that you can visit in your free time. There are a lot of 13. wonderful (wonder) DIY shows in many different museums. The shows are good 14. for improving yourselves. At the same time, you can not only learn about what you are learning at school 15. but also have a fantastic chance to learn more about your lessons. You can also learn a lot by watching other shows and reading 16. more (much) information about them than before. You should write down something 17. useful (use) in a notebook or draw some pictures of what you see. This can help you to remember 18. what you have seen already. All in all, museums can always bring people quite a few new 19. things (thing) to know. In fact, a lot of museums are changing 20. their (they) shows very often and they might help you develop some new interests.
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