内容正文:
专题三 形容词和副词
学前自测
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. (2025·天津中考改编)Lingling is one of the
(helpful) students in my class.She is always ready to offer help.
2. (2025·江西中考改编)After many years of trying, I
(final)achieved my dream.
3. (2025·甘肃白银中考改编) (unexpected),
the little girl can speak three languages.
most helpful
finally
Unexpectedly
4. Qomolangma is (high) than any other mountain in the
world.
5. Elephants are the (large) land animals on earth.
6. I felt (relax) lying in the sun on the beach.
7. Have you ever cut your finger on the edge(边缘) of a book page?
The small cut on the finger is so (pain).
higher
largest
relaxed
painful
8. Now the Red Flag Canal has (great)helped the local
people by bringing water to them and serves as the lifeline for the county.
9. We decided to fly kites in the park since it was so
(wind).
10. The final minutes of the football match were so
(excite) that everyone was on their feet.
windy
exciting
greatly
思维·考点突破 启思维·破考点
形容词
形容词是用来描写或修饰名词的词类, 可以表示人或事物的
性质、状态、特征或属性。常用作定语, 也可以作表语、补足语
或状语。
1. 形容词的句法功能
功能 例句
作定语 He is a clever boy. 他是一个聪明的男孩。
作表语 She is beautiful today. 她今天很漂亮。
作补足语 Warm weather makes me sleepy. 温暖的天气使我感
到困倦。
The classroom is always kept clean. 教室总是被保持
得很干净。
作状语 He arrived home, hungry and tired. 他回到家, 又
饿又累。
注意:(1)有些形容词只能作表语, 不能作定语, 如:ill,ready,
well,asleep。
(2)有些形容词只能作定语, 不能作表语, 如:wooden,eastern,
elder。
(3)有多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时, 排列顺序通常为:限定词
+外观(大小、长短、高低)+形状+年龄或新旧+颜色+国家+材
料+用途+类别。巧记:大小圆旧黄,法国木书房,如:my new silk
dress 我的新的丝绸连衣裙。
2. 形容词的特殊用法
(1)部分形容词前加上定冠词the, 泛指“一类人”, 表示复数概
念, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数, 如:The old are in need of help. 老
年人需要帮助。
(2)由连字符连接起来的复合形容词中的名词只能用单数形式,
如:a nine-year-old boy一个9岁的男孩。
(3)形容词修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词的后面, 如:something
important重要的事情。
(4)enough修饰形容词或副词时, 要放在形容词或副词的后面,
如:good enough足够好。
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. It is (mean) to do a survey on how to go green in
the community.
2. The new flight from Dazhou to Kunming makes it
more (convenience) for us to travel.
3. There isn’t a cloud in the sky.It’s going to be a (sun)
day tomorrow.
meaningful
convenient
sunny
4. My little sister said she was (interest) in reading and
writing stories.
5. He happened to look into the woman’s shopping basket and
was (surprise) to see cat food because she didn’t like
cats.
6. It’s really (relax) to listen to soft music.
7. I find the question (difficulty) to answer.I have to ask
the teacher for help.
8. Jim has gone to bed? This is very (usual).He always
stays up late.
interested
surprised
relaxing
difficult
unusual
副词
副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词, 可以作状语、定
语、表语和宾语补足语, 修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句。
1. 副词的分类
类型 例词
时间副词 today, early, soon, now, then, still, recently
地点副词 here, there, out, somewhere, home, abroad
方式副词 well, fast, slowly, carefully, quickly
程度副词 very, much, enough, almost, rather, pretty,
quite
频度副词 always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom,
never
类型 例词
疑问副词(词
组) where, how, why, how much, how long, how
often, how far
连接副词 when, where, why, how, however, therefore
评论副词 generally, luckily, unluckily, fortunately,
unfortunately, honestly, hopefully, happily,
unhappily, patiently
其他副词 yes, no, certainly, sure, surely, really
2. 副词的句法功能
功能 例句
作定语 The river here is clear. 这里的河水很清澈。
作表语 The radio is on. 收音机是开着的。
作宾语
补足语 We found Li Hua out when we arrived. 当我们到的
时候,我们发现李华出去了。
作状语 I like the book very much. 我非常喜欢这本书。
The problem is really difficult. 这个问题真的很棘手。
He does his homework carefully. 他认真地写作业。
Suddenly, a car stopped. 突然, 一辆车停下了。
3. 形容词变副词的规则
变化规则 例词
直接加-ly careful→carefully
quiet→quietly
以-le结尾的词, 去e加-y possible→possibly
terrible→terribly
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,
变y为i加-ly easy→easily
happy→happily
去e加-ly true→truly
注意:有些以-ly结尾的词是形容词,如:lovely可爱的;lonely孤单
的;friendly友好的;lively生机勃勃的。
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. It’s noisy outside, and I can’t hear you (clear).
2. Look! The kids are running (happy) in the snow.
3. —He is so humorous and kind.All his students love him.
— (exact).He is my favorite teacher.
clearly
happily
Exactly
4. She (true) believes that kindness can change the world.
5. He felt (terrible) sorry for forgetting his friend’s
birthday.
6. If they want to finish the task perfectly, they must work
(close) with their group members.
7. Though DeepSeek has many advantages, we can’t depend on
it (complete).
8. The result shows even the closest friends may think
(different).
truly
terribly
closely
completely
differently
形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成
1. 规则变化
类别 构成方法 例词(原级→比较级
→最高级)
单音节和
部分双音节单词 一般在词尾加-er, -est high→higher→highest
以不发音的字母e结尾的词,在词
尾加-r, -st large→larger→largest
nice→nicer→nicest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节
词, 双写词尾再加-er, -est big→bigger→biggest
thin→thinner→thinnest
类别 构成方法 例词(原级→比较级
→最高级)
单音节和
部分双音节单词 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词, 变y为i, 再加-er, -est ugly→uglier→ugliest
busy→busier→busiest
其他双音节和多音节单词 在词前加more, most careful→more
careful→most careful
important→more
important→most
important
2. 不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/badly/ill worse worst
little less least
many/much more most
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The square in our town is much (noise) than before,
especially in the morning.
2. When Helen won a prize in the English competition, she believed she
was the (happy) girl in the world.
3. Actions speak (loud) than words.
4. Helen has been doing sports for a week.Now she is a little
(thin) than before.
noisier
happiest
louder
thinner
5. Sometimes the (wise) choice is to stay silent rather than
argue unnecessarily.
6. The meeting is important, so we will have a (far)
discussion later.
7. Which movie is (interesting), this one or that
one?
wisest
further
more interesting
形容词和副词的比较等级
等级 结构 含义 例句
原
级 A+系动词/实义动
词+as+原级+as
+B A和B一
样…… Tom is as tall as Mark. 汤姆
和马克一样高。
A+系动词/实义动
词+not+as/so+原
级+as+B A不如B那
么…… He doesn’t study as/so
hard as his brother. 他不如
他的弟弟学习努力。
A+系动词/实义动
词+倍数+as+原
级+as+B A是B
的……倍 My room is twice as big as
his. 我的房间是他房间的
两倍大。
等级 结构 含义 例句
比
较
级 A+系动词/实义动
词+比较级+than
+B A比B
更…… Man-made wonders are
more exciting than natural
ones. 人造景观比自然景观
更令人惊叹。
the+比较级, the
+比较级 越……,
越…… The harder you work, the
better you will be. 越努
力, 越优秀。
等级 结构 含义 例句
比
较
级 比较级+and+比较
级(注意:若比较
级是在原级前面加
more构成,则用
“more and more+原级”表示“越来
越……”) 越来
越…… The days are getting longer
and longer in summer. 夏
天, 白昼变得越来越长。
等级 结构 含义 例句
比
较
级 Which/Who+系动
词/实义动词+比较
级, A or B?(注
意:表示两者之间
进行选择) A和B哪一
个/谁
更……? Which is longer, this one
or that one?哪一个更长,
这个还是那个?
倍数+比较级+
than 几倍
于…… Tony runs three times faster
than me. 托尼跑得比我快
三倍。
等级 结构 含义 例句
最
高
级 A+be+one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数 A是
最……之
一 Lao She is one of the
greatest Chinese writers of
the twentieth century. 老舍
是20世纪最伟大的中国作
家之一。
A+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词单数+范围 A是……
中第几
最…… She is the second tallest girl
in our class. 她是我们班第
二高的女孩。
等级 结构 含义 例句
最
高
级 Which/Who+系动词/实
义动词+(the+)最
高级, A, B or C?
(注意:表示在三者或
三者以上的人或物中进
行选择) A、B、C
中哪一个
最…… Who is the tallest, Daming, Tony or Alice?
谁是最高的, 大明、托尼还是艾丽斯?
A+be+比较级+than
any other+名词单数 A比其他
任何……
要…… He is taller than any other
student in his class. 他比他班里的任何一个同学都高。
(1)修饰形容词、副词原级的词:very, so, too, enough,
quite等。
(2)修饰形容词、副词比较级的词:a little, a bit, a few, a lot,
much, even, still, far, rather, any等。
(3)形容词的最高级前必须加定冠词the, 副词的最高级前可以不
用。句末常接in、of或among表示比较的范围。
(4)当形容词的最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修
饰时, 此时不再用the。如:Monday is our busiest day. 周一是我们最
繁忙的一天。
完成句子
1. 你越仔细,你犯的错误就越少。
The more careful you are, the you will make.
2. 琳达比我们班其他任何一个学生都外向。
Linda is more outgoing than student in our class.
3. 思想健康和身体健康一样重要。
Mind health is as body health.
fewer
mistakes
any
other
important
as
4. 你更喜欢哪一科,数学还是英语?
Which subject do you , math or English?
5. 黄河是我国第二长河。
The Yellow River is the river in China.
like
better
second
longest
诊断·语法过关 悟好题·过语法
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. (2025·四川遂宁中考改编)A new term is coming.Susan is making a
plan (careful) to improve her study.
2. Steve is the (tall) student in our class.
3. In summer, it often rains (heavy) with strong winds in
Southern China.
4. Which is more (value) to you, health or wealth?
carefully
tallest
heavily
valuable
5. Nowadays online courses are becoming as (popular) as
those learned in classes at school.
6. They are celebrating the National Youth Day to get an even
(deep) understanding of our country’s history.
7. —Our class won first in the school basketball game yesterday.
—Yes.That made us very (excite).
popular
deeper
excited
8. Our country now has the (long) high-speed rail network in
the world.
9. —Why don’t you get yourself a job?
—That’s (easy) said than done.
longest
easier
10. —What do you think of Wilson’s speaking?
—No one does (well) in our school.
better
二、语篇填空(形容词、副词专项练)
After a few days in Venice we took the train to Florence and my sister
left back to the US. It was hard to say goodbye but we were
1. (excite) to go to Cinque Terre! This is 2.
(probable) the most 3. (natural) beautiful place I have
ever been. There are five small towns that lie along the bay of the
Mediterranean Sea. It is so beautiful! You can hike between the five
4. (difference) trails that look over the water. The trails
are no joke and some have been pretty hard 5. (especial)
in the heat of the day.
excited
probably
naturally
different
especially
Today we saw a blind woman holding on to her husband’s backpack from
behind doing one of the hardest hikes. It was very 6.
(impress) that she had the courage and strength to do it. My mom was
complaining about her knees before that because they often hurt. However,
after she saw the blind woman, she said she had nothing to say. Every
day we have spent hiking, swimming, and eating lots of 7.
(well) seafood. We are staying in Vernazza and yesterday we lay on the
beach in Monterosso which is the 8. (big) town and most
9. (live). I have had a(n) 10. (amaze) time hiking and swimming every day. Tomorrow we are off to Paris, France for a week! Our last destination (目的地) of my trip.
impressive
good
biggest
lively
amazing
$