内容正文:
2026译林版八年级下册英语语法专项练习题
含详细解析及易错点分析
第一部分 练习题
一、一般过去时与现在完成时辨析(贴合Unit1 Past and present)
1. He ______ (live) in Nanjing for 10 years. (has lived/lived)
2. He ______ (live) in Nanjing 10 years ago. (lived/has lived)
3. My father ______ (work) in this factory since 2015. (has worked/worked)
4. They ______ (finish) their homework an hour ago. (finished/have finished)
二、现在完成时(for/since用法,贴合Unit1 Past and present)
5. I ______ (know) her since we were children. (have known/knew)
6. They ______ (study) English for 3 years. (have studied/study)
7. She ______ (be) a teacher for 5 years. (has been/was)
三、一般将来时(will/be going to/shall,贴合多单元)
8. We ______ (plant) trees tomorrow to protect the environment. (will plant/plant)
9. —______ we go to the library this afternoon? —Good idea. (Shall/Will)
10. He ______ (visit) his grandparents next weekend. (is going to visit/visited)
11. There ______ (be) a football match tomorrow evening. (will be/is)
四、情态动词(can/may/must/should,贴合Unit5 Good manners、Unit7 Charities)
12. You ______ be polite to the elderly. (should/may)
13. —______ I use your pen? —Sure, here you are. (May/Can’t)
14. We ______ follow the traffic rules. (must/shouldn’t)
15. He ______ swim fast when he was 7. (could/can)
五、名词单复数与不可数名词(贴合Unit4 A good read、Unit8 A green world)
16. There are many ______ (book) in the library. (books/book)
17. We need more ______ (water) to water the plants. (water/waters)
18. These ______ (tomato) are fresh. (tomatoes/tomatos)
19. He has two ______ (child) . (children/childs)
六、形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词(贴合多单元)
20. This book is ______. ______ is on the desk. (mine/My; My/Mine)
21. Their classroom is big. ______ is bigger. (Ours/Our)
22. —Is this pen ______? —Yes, it’s mine. (yours/your)
七、疑问词(when/where/how/why/what,贴合多单元)
23. —______ did you move to this city? —Three years ago. (When/Where)
24. —______ do you help the poor? —Because I want to make a difference. (Why/How)
25. —______ is your new school? —It’s near my home. (Where/What)
26. —______ do you go to school every day? —By bike. (How/When)
八、祈使句(肯定/否定,贴合Unit5 Good manners、Unit8 A green world)
27. ______ quiet in the reading room. (Be/Is)
28. Don’t ______ litter everywhere. (throw/throws)
29. ______ up early, or you’ll be late. (Get/Gets)
Don’t ______ in the river. (swim/swimming)
九、方位介词(in/on/at/next to/beside,贴合Unit2 Amazing China)
30. Beijing is ______ the north of China. (in/on)
31. The bookstore is ______ the post office. (next to/in)
32. There is a park ______ our school. (beside/on)
十、There be 句型(肯定/否定/疑问,贴合多单元)
33. ______ a lot of new books in the library. (There are/There is)
34. —______ there any milk in the bottle? —No, there isn’t. (Is/Are)
35. There ______ not any apples on the table. (are/is)
十一、名词所有格(单数/复数,贴合Unit4 A good read、Unit5 Good manners)
36. This is ______ new book. (Lucy’s/Lucy)
37. These are the ______ desks. (teachers’/teacher’s)
38. Today is ______ birthday. (Tom’s/Tom)
十二、动词不定式(to do,贴合Unit4 A good read、Unit6 Sunshine for all)
39. I want ______ a book about Chinese history. (to read/read)
40. She decided ______ part in the charity activity. (to take/take)
41. He hopes ______ to Beijing next year. (to go/go)
十三、动名词(doing,贴合Unit4 A good read、Unit7 Charities)
42. He likes ______ stories in his free time. (reading/read)
43. They enjoy ______ volunteer work on weekends. (doing/do)
44. My brother is good at ______ football. (playing/play)
十四、形容词比较级与最高级(贴合Unit2 Amazing China、Unit6 Sunshine for all)
45. This river is ______ (long) than that one. (longer/long)
46. This is the ______ (beautiful) park in our city. (most beautiful/beautiful)
47. He is ______ (tall) than his sister. (taller/tallest)
十五、副词用法(原级/比较级,贴合Unit5 Good manners)
48. She speaks English ______ (slow) and clearly. (slowly/slow)
49. He runs ______ (fast) than his brother. (faster/fast)
50. She sings ______ (well) in our class. (best/good)
十六、一般疑问句及简略回答(贴合多单元)
51. —Have you finished your homework? —Yes, ______ ______. (I have/I haven’t)
52. —Did they go to the charity show yesterday? —No, ______ ______. (they didn’t/they did)
53. —Does she like reading? —Yes, ______ ______. (she does/she doesn’t)
十七、特殊疑问句及回答(贴合多单元)
54. —______ have you lived here? —For 5 years. (How long/How far)
55. —______ is the Great Wall? —It’s in China. (Where/What)
56. —______ did you go last weekend? —I went to the park. (Where/When)
十八、被动语态(一般现在时/一般过去时,贴合Unit8 A green world)
57. Trees ______ (plant) every year to make our city green. (are planted/plant)
58. The letter ______ (send) yesterday. (was sent/sent)
59. The classroom ______ (clean) every morning. (is cleaned/cleans)
十九、宾语从句(that/if/whether,贴合Unit3 The world at one click)
60. I know ______ he is a good student. (that/if)
61. She asked me ______ I would go to the party. (if/that)
62. I wonder ______ he will come on time. (if/that)
二十、情景交际(贴合各单元重点句型)
63. 询问对方住在这里多久了,说:______
A. How long have you lived here? B. How far is your home?
64. 表达自己已经学英语三年了,说:______
A. I have studied English for 3 years. B. I studied English 3 years ago.
65. 提醒别人不要随地扔垃圾,说:______
A. Don’t throw litter everywhere. B. Throw litter in the bin.
66. 询问对方是否愿意参加慈善活动,说:______
A. Will you take part in the charity activity? B. Did you take part in the charity activity?
67. 表达这本书是露西的,说:______
A. This book is Lucy’s. B. This book is Lucy.
68. 询问长城在哪里,说:______
A. Where is the Great Wall? B. What is the Great Wall like?
69. 表达每年都会种很多树,说:______
A. Many trees are planted every year. B. We plant many trees every year.
70. 询问对方是否读过这本历史书,说:______
A. Have you read this history book? B. Do you read this history book?
71. 表达他跑得比我快,说:______
A. He runs faster than me. B. He runs fast than me.
72. 询问对方昨天做了什么,说:______
A. What did you do yesterday? B. What do you do every day?
第2部分 参考答案及解析
一、一般过去时与现在完成时辨析
1. 答案:has lived 解析:for 10年表动作持续,用现在完成时。 易错点:混淆过去时间点与持续时间。
2. 答案:lived 解析:10 years ago是过去时间点,用一般过去时。 易错点:误用现在完成时。
3. 答案:has worked 解析:since 2015表动作持续,用现在完成时。 易错点:漏写have/has。
4. 答案:finished 解析:an hour ago是过去时间点,用一般过去时。 易错点:误用现在完成时。
二、现在完成时(for/since用法)
5. 答案:have known 解析:since引导从句,主句用现在完成时。 易错点:误用一般过去时。
6. 答案:have studied 解析:for 3年表持续,用现在完成时。 易错点:动词变形错误。
7. 答案:has been 解析:be动词的现在完成时用has been。 易错点:误用was。
三、一般将来时(will/be going to/shall)
8. 答案:will plant 解析:tomorrow表将来,用will+动词原形。 易错点:误用一般现在时。
9. 答案:Shall 解析:第一人称表提议,用Shall。 易错点:混淆shall与will用法。
10. 答案:is going to visit 解析:next weekend表将来,用be going to表计划。 易错点:误用过去时。
11. 答案:will be 解析:tomorrow evening表将来,There be句型的将来时用will be。 易错点:误用is。
四、情态动词(can/may/must/should)
12. 答案:should 解析:表“应该”,强调义务。 易错点:误用may(表许可)。
13. 答案:May 解析:表委婉请求许可。 易错点:误用Can’t(表禁止)。
14. 答案:must 解析:表“必须”,强调强制要求。 易错点:误用shouldn’t。
15. 答案:could 解析:过去的能力,用can的过去式could。 易错点:误用can(现在时)。
五、名词单复数与不可数名词
16. 答案:books 解析:many后接可数名词复数。 易错点:填单数book。
17. 答案:water 解析:water是不可数名词,无复数。 易错点:误填waters。
18. 答案:tomatoes 解析:tomato复数加es。 易错点:误填tomatos。
19. 答案:children 解析:child的复数是不规则变化。 易错点:误填childs。
六、形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词
20. 答案:mine; Mine 解析:单独作表语/主语用名词性物主代词。 易错点:混用my。
21. 答案:Ours 解析:单独作主语,用名词性物主代词。 易错点:误填Our。
22. 答案:yours 解析:单独作表语,用名词性物主代词。 易错点:误填your。
七、疑问词(when/where/how/why/what)
23. 答案:When 解析:询问时间,答句是过去时间。 易错点:误用Where。
24. 答案:Why 解析:询问原因,答句用Because。 易错点:误用How。
25. 答案:Where 解析:询问地点,答句是位置。 易错点:误用What。
26. 答案:How 解析:询问方式,答句是出行方式。 易错点:误用When。
八、祈使句(肯定/否定)
27. 答案:Be 解析:肯定祈使句用动词原形,be quiet是固定搭配。 易错点:误用Is。
28. 答案:throw 解析:Don’t后接动词原形。 易错点:误填throws。
29. 答案:Get 解析:肯定祈使句用动词原形,get up是固定搭配。 易错点:误填Gets。
九、方位介词(in/on/at/next to/beside)
30. 答案:in 解析:北京是中国内部,用in。 易错点:误用on。
31. 答案:next to 解析:表“紧挨着”,符合位置关系。 易错点:误用in。
32. 答案:beside 解析:表“在……旁边”,贴合语境。 易错点:误用on。
十、There be 句型(肯定/否定/疑问)
33. 答案:There are 解析:复数主语,be动词用are。 易错点:误用There is。
34. 答案:Is 解析:不可数名词,be动词用is。 易错点:误用Are。
35. 答案:are 解析:复数主语,否定句be动词用are。 易错点:误用is。
十一、名词所有格(单数/复数)
36. 答案:Lucy’s 解析:单数人名所有格加’s。 易错点:漏写撇号。
37. 答案:teachers’ 解析:复数名词所有格加’。 易错点:误填teacher’s。
38. 答案:Tom’s 解析:单数人名所有格加’s。 易错点:漏写撇号。
十二、动词不定式(to do)
39. 答案:to read 解析:want to do是固定搭配。 易错点:漏写to。
40. 答案:to take 解析:decide to do是固定搭配。 易错点:漏写to。
41. 答案:to go 解析:hope to do是固定搭配。 易错点:漏写to。
十三、动名词(doing)
42. 答案:reading 解析:like doing是固定搭配。 易错点:误填read。
43. 答案:doing 解析:enjoy doing是固定搭配。 易错点:误填do。
44. 答案:playing 解析:be good at doing是固定搭配。 易错点:误填play。
十四、形容词比较级与最高级
45. 答案:longer 解析:than表比较,用比较级。 易错点:不变级。
46. 答案:most beautiful 解析:the后接最高级,多音节词加most。 易错点:用比较级。
47. 答案:taller 解析:than表比较,用比较级。 易错点:用最高级。
十五、副词用法(原级/比较级)
48. 答案:slowly 解析:修饰动词,用副词。 易错点:误用形容词slow。
49. 答案:faster 解析:than表比较,用副词比较级。 易错点:不变级。
50. 答案:best 解析:in our class表范围,用最高级。 易错点:用原级good。
十六、一般疑问句及简略回答
51. 答案:I have 解析:Have you…?肯定回答用I have。 易错点:肯否颠倒。
52. 答案:they didn’t 解析:Did they…?否定回答用they didn’t。 易错点:肯否颠倒。
53. 答案:she does 解析:Does she…?肯定回答用she does。 易错点:肯否颠倒。
十七、特殊疑问句及回答
54. 答案:How long 解析:询问持续时间,答句是for+时间段。 易错点:误用How far。
55. 答案:Where 解析:询问地点,答句是位置。 易错点:误用What。
56. 答案:Where 解析:询问地点,答句是地点。 易错点:误用When。
十八、被动语态(一般现在时/一般过去时)
57. 答案:are planted 解析:一般现在时被动语态,复数主语用are+过去分词。 易错点:用主动语态。
58. 答案:was sent 解析:一般过去时被动语态,单数主语用was+过去分词。 易错点:用主动语态。
59. 答案:is cleaned 解析:一般现在时被动语态,单数主语用is+过去分词。 易错点:用主动语态。
十九、宾语从句(that/if/whether)
60. 答案:that 解析:陈述句从句用that引导。 易错点:误用if。
61. 答案:if 解析:一般疑问句从句用if表“是否”。 易错点:误用that。
62. 答案:if 解析:一般疑问句从句用if表“是否”。 易错点:误用that。
二十、情景交际
63. 答案:A 解析:询问持续时间用How long。 易错点:误选B。
64. 答案:A 解析:表动作持续,用现在完成时。 易错点:误选B。
65. 答案:A 解析:否定祈使句表禁止。 易错点:误选B。
66. 答案:A 解析:询问将来动作,用一般将来时。 易错点:误选B。
67. 答案:A 解析:名词所有格表所属。 易错点:误选B。
68. 答案:A 解析:询问地点用Where。 易错点:误选B。
69. 答案:A 解析:表被动关系,用被动语态。 易错点:误选B。
70. 答案:A 解析:询问是否完成,用现在完成时。 易错点:误选B。
71. 答案:A 解析:形容词比较级用法正确。 易错点:误选B。
72. 答案:A 解析:询问过去动作,用一般过去时。 易错点:误选B。
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