精品解析：广东省肇庆市端州中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题

2025-2026学年第一学期高二级英语科期中检测 (考试时间：120分钟，满分：150分) 一、阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Field Trips and School Tours At Smithsonian American Art Museum we involve students in the experience of viewing art and enable them to make meaningful connections to their curriculum and themselves. Students of all settings and ages are welcomed, from kindergarten to college. Guided tours Guided school tours require reservations. Please book at least one month in advance. One week before your visit, your guide will contact you to discuss your content and curriculum connections. To make a reservation, complete and submit the School Group Request Form. Self-guided tours With a self-guided visit, you are free to explore the collection in a way that best suits your class. For students in kindergarten through second grade, we suggest that you concentrate on a few objects. For older students, we recommend one hour of focused looking and thirty minutes of discussion about the artworks. Teachers are invited to consult with the museum staff regarding the content. Guidelines for museum behavior Review the guidelines before the visit. Inappropriate behavior may result in a shortened tour. ·Make no noise. ·Be considerate of other visitors and guides. ·Keep at least an arm’s length from artwork. ·Walk — don’t run — in the halls and stairways. ·Photography with flash is not permitted. Security policies Security check is required for all visitors. We recommend that groups leave bags on the bus or at school. Pocketknives, scissors, and other sharp tools are not permitted. To speed entry into the museum, carry as little as possible. 1. Which of the following is suitable for the trip? A A pupil. B. A graduate. C. An artist. D. An engineer. 2. What are older students advised to do? A Make a reservation. B. Focus on various objects. C. Combine viewing with discussion. D. Discuss the artworks with the staff. 3. What are visitors recommended to do? A. Take no photographs. B. Speed into the museum. C. Appreciate the works quietly. D. Touch the artworks carefully. B Dr. Fritz Jones is an astronaut doctor working at an international space center. Since he was a kid, he has always wanted to be a doctor and a pilot. His dream came true when he was admitted into the Space Center after he graduated from a medical college. Before he started his work, he received six months of extra training to learn about how flying affects human body. “It’s not just about feeling light or having your ears pop,” he explained. “Flying can make us feel uncomfortable, affect our thinking and even change how medicines work inside our body.” What’s more, astronaut doctors like him are expected to fly as well. Therefore, he also has had the experience of flying different types of helicopters and airplanes. Now, Dr. Jones is taking care of astronauts when they get sick or injured. While astronauts are in space, there are additional effects on their bodies, such as zero gravity. They may feel seasick during their first few days in space due to the effects on their balance system. Besides, spacewalks also present unique medical concerns. As a result,their health conditions are closely monitored and taken care of by Dr. Jones and his medical team. At the same time, the team conduct regular check-ups and provide medical advice if needed. After returning to Earth, astronauts need doctors to help them with their health problems caused by space travel. Dr. Jones finds his job extremely cool, as he helps prepare individuals to travel to space, takes care of them while they are out there, and welcomes them back home. And now he even works with engineers to design spacecrafts to ensure astronauts travel to and return from space safely. Maybe one day he will become an astronaut himself! 4. What drove Dr. Jones to become an astronaut doctor? A. His childhood dream. B. His medical knowledge. C. His desire to travel in space. D. His achievements in college. 5. What did Dr. Jones do before starting his work? A. He received medical treatments. B. He practised spacewalking skills. C. He learned the influence of flying. D. He joined an international space club. 6 What is the main duty of Dr. Jones and his team? A. Training astronauts for spacewalks. B. Managing astronauts’health conditions. C. Conducting medical experiments in space. D. Working with engineers to design spacecrafts. 7. What does Dr. Jones think of his job? A. Satisfying. B. Challenging. C. Annoying. D. Relaxing. C Beijing, October 18 — Yang Zhenning, a world-famous physicist, Nobel Prize winner, and professor at Tsinghua University, passed away in Beijing on October 18 due to illness. He was 103 years old. Yang was born in Hefei, Anhui Province, in 1922. When he was 13, after reading a book about the universe, he told his parents, “I want to win the Nobel Prize one day”. This “bold dream” came true when he was 35. In 1957, he and Li Zhengdao won the Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering that parity is not conserved in weak interactions. It was a revolutionary finding that changed how scientists understand the universe. His most important work, however, was the “Yang-Mills gauge Theory” proposed in 1954 with Mills. This theory is like a “foundation stone” of modern physics, similar to Einstein’s Theory of Relativity. Later, he also found the “Yang-Baxter Equation,” opening new paths for scientific research. Yang loved his motherland deeply. In 1971, when China and the US started to build better ties, he became the first famous Chinese scholar to visit China. He was so moved to learn China made its atomic bomb by itself that he cried. Back in the US, he talked about China’s progress everywhere, encouraging many Chinese scholars to come back. In 1999, he returned to Tsinghua University to teach. Even in his 80s, he still gave lessons to first-year students. He raised money to help Chinese scientists study abroad and set up research centers in many universities. In 2015, he gave up his US citizenship and became a Chinese Academy of Sciences member. “He is like a circle,” people said. “He started in Tsinghua Garden, went to the world stage, and finally came home.” Yang Zhenning’s life tells us: with passion for science and love for our country, we can achieve great things. 8. What is the main purpose of this article? A. To explain Yang Zhenning’s scientific theories B. To report Yang Zhenning’s death and summarize his life C. To compare Yang Zhenning with other physicists D. To criticize American science policies 9. When did Yang Zhenning win the Nobel Prize? A. 1922 B. 1954 C. 1957 D. 1971 10. What does “foundation stone” mean in paragraph 3? A. A heavy rock used in construction B. A basic principle that supports other ideas C. A type of scientific equipment D. A simple concept that anyone can understand 11. What does the “circle” suggest about Yang’s life? A. He traveled around the world. B. His life had no clear direction. C. He liked circular shapes. D. He returned to where he began. D Painkillers of all different sorts have always been a part of human history. The appearance of wonderful pain medicines, such as paracetamol (对乙酰氨基酚), has truly marked a big step forward in managing the aches. However, more than three quarters of common medicines come from fossil fuels (化石燃料), making the industry quite environmentally unfriendly. Recently, researchers from the University of Edinburgh have published a study in Nature Chemistry, introducing a method for turning plastic into paracetamol. According to the researchers, the primary thing to make paracetamol is polyethylene terephthalate, also known as PET, which is used to make water bottles and creates more than 350 million tons of waste a year. In order to turn PET into something useful, the researchers used the same principles as those used in making beer. This process uses phosphate (磷酸盐) found in bacterial cells to turn terephthalic acid (对苯二甲酸) — which comes from the breakdown of PET — into paramaminobenzoic acid, which is then turned into paracetamol. Though this seems not simple, the process of turning plastic into paracetamol takes less than 24 hours. This new method can be carried out at room temperature, through a process that produces no CO2. In addition, about 90 percent of the PET used is turned into medicine, leaving very little plastic waste. “This work shows that PET plastic isn’t just waste. It can be changed into precious new products, including those with possibility of treating disease,” said Professor Stephen Wallace from the University of Edinburgh. “Though there is still much to be done in order to solve the problem of plastic waste, this is a step in the right direction, and shows the fact that plastics have the potential to be reused in many creative ways.” It’s clear that solving the climate problem will take a lot of creativity. And though it seems like just a drop in the bucket, the University of Edinburgh’s discovery could be the first in a series of discoveries that focus on learning how to turn plastic into products that can help human beings instead of harming the earth. 12. Why did the University of Edinburgh conduct the research? A. To explore more ways to use fossil fuels. B. To produce more effective painkillers. C. To turn plastic waste into useful medicine. D. To reduce the cost of making paracetamol. 13. What feature does the new paracetamol-making method have? A. It is efficient and does little harm to the environment. B. It simplifies the traditional medicine-making process. C. It requires high temperatures to break down PET. D. It uses beer to produce the main material. 14. Which of the following statements will Professor Stephen Wallace agree with? A. PET plastic can do more good than harm. B. Plastics may have many potential applications. C. Products made from PET have been well received. D. The problem of plastic waste needs worldwide attention. 15. What may be the text? A. An advertisement for painkillers. B. An online news report about plastic waste. C. A scientific paper about medical science. D. A book review about environmental science. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A new semester means a fresh start. Get your semester started right by practicing these strategies, and your productivity will soar. 1 Get organized Organization helps you reduce chaos and stress, thus making you more productive. Develop a system at the start of your semester. This may include: — Color coded notebooks and/ or folders for each class — ____16____. — Cleaning out your backpack, desk, and dorm room to reduce clutter from previous semesters — Organizing your computer files (e.g., by school year, semester, course, and assignment type or project) If you keep track of deadlines, know where to find everything, and maintain a well-organized space, you free up your mind to focus on learning and achieving. 2 Get into a routine Like being organized, establishing a routine helps your life run smoothly. It’s easier said than done, but try waking up and going to sleep around the same time each day (or at least on weekdays). ____17____. Choose a time of day when you feel especially productive. Start each day on a positive note by preparing the night before. For instance, set out the outfit you’ll wear to class and pack your backpack with the supplies you’ll need that day. Instead of frantically scrambling around in the morning, you’ll begin the day feeling confident and prepared. Ultimately, these small habits make a big difference in your overall mood and performance. 3 ____18____ Maybe you’ve heard the saying, “Show me your friends and I’ll show you your future.” If your friends are partying every night, skipping class, and seemingly unconcerned about their grades, staying motivated will be an uphill battle for you. Try to make at least one positive friend in every class. Meet ambitious people with clearly defined goals, good study habits, and healthy lifestyles. ____19____. 4 Take good care of yourself ____20____. When you eat poorly and don’t get enough sleep, it impacts your mood and your mind. You may feel fuzzy and forgetful, and you’ll have a tough time learning new concepts. Obviously, this is not helpful for a successful semester. Eat nutritious meals (as often as you can), exercise, and get plenty of rest. Studying in small chunks instead of relying on cram sessions is one way to ensure you sleep enough. Creating new habits is tough at first. Stick with it, and you’ll find that you’re far more productive and successful — and probably happier, too. A. Surround yourself with motivated peers B. Instead of waiting until the last minute to work on assignments or cram in information, set aside studying/homework blocks each day. C. These friends can help you stay accountable, and they make great study buddies too. D. A clean and orderly environment is essential for effective learning. E. A planner with important dates and deadlines filled out F. As a result, you will feel more in control of your daily life. G. Finally, remember to practice self- care and healthy habits. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 There’s an autumn day that I recall every time I find myself caught up in the busy life. I was a teenager then stuck in the ____21____ of upcoming college applications. It was my ____22____. Mr. Jensen, who brought me back to earth. He was a quiet man in his seventies who lived next door. We had a shared love for ____23____. One afternoon, feeling stressed and ____24____, I headed outside to my backyard garden where I began to violently weed (除草). Mr. Jensen was there as usual, ____25____ his rosebushes. Seeing my sadness, he ____26____ and quietly started weeding alongside me. After a few minutes of shared ____27____, he finally spoke up. “You know,” he began, “weeding a garden is a lot like ____28____ life.” Curious, I stopped and looked at him. He continued, “Sometimes, we are so absorbed in the weeds that we forget to enjoy the ____29____.” He pointed to the ____30____ flowers in his garden, their bright colors shining in the sun. “Don’t forget to appreciate the roses, even as you ____31____ the weeds.” That simple wisdom ____32____ me hard. I had been so focused on the stress of my future that I had forgotten to enjoy my ____33____. That day, Mr. Jensen taught me a life lesson that I’ve carried with me ever since. Now, whenever I find myself ____34____ by life’s “weeds,” I pause, take a deep breath, and remember to ____35____ my “roses”. 21. A. excitement B. regret C. pressure D. happiness 22. A. father B. teacher C. classmate D. neighbour 23. A. gardening B. singing C. dancing D. studying 24. A. shocked B. anxious C. interested D. disappointed 25. A. decorating B. attending C. packing D. selling 26. A. left B. hesitated C. approached D. jumped 27. A. chat B. silence C. smile D. visit 28. A. going through B. setting up C. turning around D. giving up 29. A. photos B. dreams C. flowers D. meals 30. A. artificial B. unique C. odd D. beautiful 31. A. love B. select C. remove D. recognize 32. A. hit B. pushed C. worked D. weighed 33. A. peace B. memory C. luck D. present 34. A. misled B. fooled C. cheated D. overcome 35 A. pick B. admire C. share D. collect 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cold Dew, is the 17th solar term in the Chinese solar calendar. This period marks a significant point in the transition from autumn ____36____ winter. The solar term signifies the ____37____ (arrive) of colder weather, with dew on the ground becoming more frequent and colder, often leading to the first frosts in some regions of China. During Cold Dew, temperatures significantly drop ____38____ (compare) to previous solar terms such as the Autumn Equinox (秋分) and White Dew (白露). This period is characterized by reduced rainfall, colder dew, and the approach of frost, especially in northern China. In southern China, the scent of osmanthus flowers (桂花) fills the air, and the Chinese yam, ____39____ (know) for its health benefits, is ready for harvest. These natural markers are not only significant for agricultural purposes ____40____ serve as cultural symbols that inspire various art forms and culinary ____41____ (tradition). ____42____ temperatures decrease, the weather becomes markedly cooler, often bringing the ____43____ (one) frost to northern China. The atmosphere is ____44____ (general) dry, with less humidity compared to earlier in the autumn. The significant temperature differences between day and night can lead to foggy conditions, especially in areas ____45____ the cold air meets residual autumn rain. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，随着城市人口急剧增长，交通拥堵(traffic congestion)成为严重问题。为缓解这一状况，科学家研发出智能交通机器人。请根据以下要点，写一篇英语短文介绍该机器人，内容包括： 1. 机器人的基本功能(指挥交通、疏导人流车流、提供路线建议等); 2. 机器人对改善交通的重要意义。 注意：词数100左右;可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 With every step, my legs trembled like a newborn calf’s, exhausted from scrambling up the rocks. My mind was filled with self-doubt—I was too overweight, too weak, and a total fool for attempting this struggle. After climbing only one hour, I felt worn out, physically and mentally, and wanted to turn back. I told the guide staying with me at the back that I couldn’t go any further. His words were simple but struck a chord, “That doesn’t sound like you. Keep going. You can do it.” I don’t know why, but something in his tone made me turn around. With renewed resolve, I placed one foot slowly in front of the other. By the time I reached the first rest point, most fellow climbers had already left. I hurried to drink and eat, anxious not to fall further behind. Sitting alone on a cold rock in the darkness, a deep wave of disappointment washed over me. Nine months earlier, I had promised to change my life and prove anything was possible. But here, at 2 a.m., after three hours of climbing, I felt I had completely overestimated myself. This thought sparked a familiar anger, one that had once ruled my life. But now, instead of letting it consume me, I would let it fuel me. This wasn’t just a climb between the mountain and me but also a proof of my rebirth. Suddenly I stood up, looked at the guide and said, “I’ll keep going.” Though doubt flashed in his eyes, my resolution was absolute. That was when my tears started. I cried not only from exhaustion but from the weight of my promise and the pressure. I hid my face under my hood（兜帽）and snood（围脖）and pushed on. I stumbled and fell countless times, tears freezing on my cheeks. For the next few hours, I climbed over snow-covered rocks, laughing bitterly at the absurd struggle and endlessly repeating to myself: just one more step. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Around 6:00 a.m., I saw some climbers heading back down. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It took nine hours instead of the expected six, but I made it. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年第一学期高二级英语科期中检测 (考试时间：120分钟，满分：150分) 一、阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Field Trips and School Tours At Smithsonian American Art Museum, we involve students in the experience of viewing art and enable them to make meaningful connections to their curriculum and themselves. Students of all settings and ages are welcomed, from kindergarten to college. Guided tours Guided school tours require reservations. Please book at least one month in advance. One week before your visit, your guide will contact you to discuss your content and curriculum connections. To make a reservation, complete and submit the School Group Request Form. Self-guided tours With a self-guided visit, you are free to explore the collection in a way that best suits your class. For students in kindergarten through second grade, we suggest that you concentrate on a few objects. For older students, we recommend one hour of focused looking and thirty minutes of discussion about the artworks. Teachers are invited to consult with the museum staff regarding the content. Guidelines for museum behavior Review the guidelines before the visit. Inappropriate behavior may result in a shortened tour. ·Make no noise. ·Be considerate of other visitors and guides. ·Keep at least an arm’s length from artwork. ·Walk — don’t run — in the halls and stairways. ·Photography with flash is not permitted. Security policies Security check is required for all visitors. We recommend that groups leave bags on the bus or at school. Pocketknives, scissors, and other sharp tools are not permitted. To speed entry into the museum, carry as little as possible. 1. Which of the following is suitable for the trip? A. A pupil. B. A graduate. C. An artist. D. An engineer. 2. What are older students advised to do? A. Make a reservation. B. Focus on various objects. C. Combine viewing with discussion. D. Discuss the artworks with the staff. 3. What are visitors recommended to do? A. Take no photographs. B. Speed into the museum. C. Appreciate the works quietly. D. Touch the artworks carefully. 【答案】1 A 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一家适合各年龄段学生进行研学旅行的博物馆的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Students of all settings and ages are welcomed, from kindergarten to college. (从幼儿园到大学，所有年龄段的学生都可以参加)”可知，该旅行适合学生。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“For older students, we recommend one hour of focused looking and thirty minutes of discussion about the artworks. (对于年龄较大的学生，我们建议他们花一个小时的时间集中观看和三十分钟的时间讨论艺术作品)”可知，年长的学生被建议将观察与讨论相结合。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Guidelines for museum behavior (博物馆行为准则)”部分中的“Inappropriate behavior may result in a shortened tour. (不适当的行为可能导致行程缩短)”以及“Make no noise. (不要吵闹)”可知，游客们被建议安静地欣赏艺术品。故选C项。 B Dr. Fritz Jones is an astronaut doctor working at an international space center. Since he was a kid, he has always wanted to be a doctor and a pilot. His dream came true when he was admitted into the Space Center after he graduated from a medical college. Before he started his work, he received six months of extra training to learn about how flying affects human body. “It’s not just about feeling light or having your ears pop,” he explained. “Flying can make us feel uncomfortable, affect our thinking and even change how medicines work inside our body.” What’s more, astronaut doctors like him are expected to fly as well. Therefore, he also has had the experience of flying different types of helicopters and airplanes. Now, Dr. Jones is taking care of astronauts when they get sick or injured. While astronauts are in space, there are additional effects on their bodies, such as zero gravity. They may feel seasick during their first few days in space due to the effects on their balance system. Besides, spacewalks also present unique medical concerns. As a result,their health conditions are closely monitored and taken care of by Dr. Jones and his medical team. At the same time, the team conduct regular check-ups and provide medical advice if needed. After returning to Earth, astronauts need doctors to help them with their health problems caused by space travel. Dr. Jones finds his job extremely cool, as he helps prepare individuals to travel to space, takes care of them while they are out there, and welcomes them back home. And now he even works with engineers to design spacecrafts to ensure astronauts travel to and return from space safely. Maybe one day he will become an astronaut himself! 4. What drove Dr. Jones to become an astronaut doctor? A. His childhood dream. B. His medical knowledge. C. His desire to travel in space. D. His achievements in college. 5. What did Dr. Jones do before starting his work? A. He received medical treatments. B. He practised spacewalking skills. C. He learned the influence of flying. D. He joined an international space club. 6. What is the main duty of Dr. Jones and his team? A. Training astronauts for spacewalks. B. Managing astronauts’health conditions. C. Conducting medical experiments in space. D. Working with engineers to design spacecrafts. 7 What does Dr. Jones think of his job? A. Satisfying. B. Challenging. C. Annoying. D. Relaxing. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了弗里茨·琼斯博士成为宇航员医生的过程，以及他的主要职责。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Since he was a kid, he has always wanted to be a doctor and a pilot. His dream came true when he was admitted into the Space Center after he graduated from a medical college.(从他还是个孩子起，他就一直想成为一名医生和飞行员。当他从一所医学院毕业后被航天中心录取时，他的梦想实现了。)”可知，是他童年的梦想驱使琼斯博士成为一名宇航员医生。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Before he started his work, he received six months of extra training to learn about how flying affects human body.(在他开始工作之前，他接受了六个月的额外训练，以了解飞行对人体的影响。)”可知，琼斯博士在开始他的工作之前了解飞行的影响。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“They may feel seasick during their first few days in space due to the effects on their balance system. Besides, spacewalks also present unique medical concerns. As a result,their health conditions are closely monitored and taken care of by Dr. Jones and his medical team.(由于对平衡系统的影响，他们在太空的最初几天可能会感到晕船。此外，太空行走还带来了独特的医疗问题。因此，他们的健康状况受到琼斯博士和他的医疗团队的密切监测和照顾。)”可知，琼斯博士和他的团队的主要职责是管理宇航员的健康状况。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Dr. Jones finds his job extremely cool, as he helps prepare individuals to travel to space, takes care of them while they are out there, and welcomes them back home.(琼斯博士觉得他的工作非常酷，因为他帮助人们准备去太空旅行，在他们在外时照顾他们，并欢迎他们回家。)”可推知，琼斯博士认为他的工作是“令人满意的”。故选A项。 C Beijing, October 18 — Yang Zhenning, a world-famous physicist, Nobel Prize winner, and professor at Tsinghua University, passed away in Beijing on October 18 due to illness. He was 103 years old. Yang was born in Hefei, Anhui Province, in 1922. When he was 13, after reading a book about the universe, he told his parents, “I want to win the Nobel Prize one day”. This “bold dream” came true when he was 35. In 1957, he and Li Zhengdao won the Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering that parity is not conserved in weak interactions. It was a revolutionary finding that changed how scientists understand the universe. His most important work, however, was the “Yang-Mills gauge Theory” proposed in 1954 with Mills. This theory is like a “foundation stone” of modern physics, similar to Einstein’s Theory of Relativity. Later, he also found the “Yang-Baxter Equation,” opening new paths for scientific research. Yang loved his motherland deeply. In 1971, when China and the US started to build better ties, he became the first famous Chinese scholar to visit China. He was so moved to learn China made its atomic bomb by itself that he cried. Back in the US, he talked about China’s progress everywhere, encouraging many Chinese scholars to come back. In 1999, he returned to Tsinghua University to teach. Even in his 80s, he still gave lessons to first-year students. He raised money to help Chinese scientists study abroad and set up research centers in many universities. In 2015, he gave up his US citizenship and became a Chinese Academy of Sciences member. “He is like a circle,” people said. “He started in Tsinghua Garden, went to the world stage, and finally came home.” Yang Zhenning’s life tells us: with passion for science and love for our country, we can achieve great things. 8. What is the main purpose of this article? A. To explain Yang Zhenning’s scientific theories B. To report Yang Zhenning’s death and summarize his life C. To compare Yang Zhenning with other physicists D. To criticize American science policies 9. When did Yang Zhenning win the Nobel Prize? A. 1922 B. 1954 C. 1957 D. 1971 10. What does “foundation stone” mean in paragraph 3? A. A heavy rock used in construction B. A basic principle that supports other ideas C. A type of scientific equipment D. A simple concept that anyone can understand 11. What does the “circle” suggest about Yang’s life? A. He traveled around the world. B. His life had no clear direction. C. He liked circular shapes. D. He returned to where he began. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。这篇文章主要报道了世界著名物理学家、诺贝尔奖得主杨振宁教授于10月18日在北京逝世的消息，并回顾了他辉煌的一生，突出他在科学上的成就与对祖国的热爱。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Beijing, October 18 — Yang Zhenning, a world-famous physicist, Nobel Prize winner, and professor at Tsinghua University, passed away in Beijing on October 18 due to illness. He was 103 years old.(北京，10月18日——杨振宁，一位享誉全球物理学家、诺贝尔奖得主以及清华大学教授，于10月18日在北京因病去世。他享年103岁)”以及文章开头报道了杨振宁去世的消息，随后回顾了他的生平、科学成就、爱国情怀以及晚年回国任教等经历。全文以“报道逝世”为引，重点在于“总结他的一生”，可知，这篇文章的主要目的是报道杨振宁的逝世并概述其生平。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In 1957, he and Li Zhengdao won the Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering that parity is not conserved in weak interactions.(1957年，他与李政道因发现弱相互作用中宇称不守恒，共同荣获诺贝尔物理学奖)”可知，杨振宁是在1957年获得诺贝尔物理学奖。故选C。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“This theory is like a “foundation stone” of modern physics, similar to Einstein’s Theory of Relativity.(这一理论就像是现代物理学的“基石”，与爱因斯坦的相对论类似)”可知，文章将“杨-米尔斯理论”比作现代物理学的“基石”，并将其与爱因斯坦的“相对论”相提并论。相对论本身就是支撑现代物理学的一个基本、核心的原理。因此，“foundation stone”在这里的引申义就是“一个支撑其他思想的基本原理”，故划线词意思是“一个支撑其他观点的基本原则”。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“He started in Tsinghua Garden, went to the world stage, and finally came home.(他从清华起步，走向了世界舞台，最终又回到了家乡)”可知，他的人生轨迹像一个圆圈：从清华出发，走向世界，最终回到原点，即，回国。故选D。 D Painkillers of all different sorts have always been a part of human history. The appearance of wonderful pain medicines, such as paracetamol (对乙酰氨基酚), has truly marked a big step forward in managing the aches. However, more than three quarters of common medicines come from fossil fuels (化石燃料), making the industry quite environmentally unfriendly. Recently, researchers from the University of Edinburgh have published a study in Nature Chemistry, introducing a method for turning plastic into paracetamol. According to the researchers, the primary thing to make paracetamol is polyethylene terephthalate, also known as PET, which is used to make water bottles and creates more than 350 million tons of waste a year. In order to turn PET into something useful, the researchers used the same principles as those used in making beer. This process uses phosphate (磷酸盐) found in bacterial cells to turn terephthalic acid (对苯二甲酸) — which comes from the breakdown of PET — into paramaminobenzoic acid, which is then turned into paracetamol. Though this seems not simple, the process of turning plastic into paracetamol takes less than 24 hours. This new method can be carried out at room temperature, through a process that produces no CO2. In addition, about 90 percent of the PET used is turned into medicine, leaving very little plastic waste. “This work shows that PET plastic isn’t just waste. It can be changed into precious new products, including those with possibility of treating disease,” said Professor Stephen Wallace from the University of Edinburgh. “Though there is still much to be done in order to solve the problem of plastic waste, this is a step in the right direction, and shows the fact that plastics have the potential to be reused in many creative ways.” It’s clear that solving the climate problem will take a lot of creativity. And though it seems like just a drop in the bucket, the University of Edinburgh’s discovery could be the first in a series of discoveries that focus on learning how to turn plastic into products that can help human beings instead of harming the earth. 12. Why did the University of Edinburgh conduct the research? A. To explore more ways to use fossil fuels. B. To produce more effective painkillers. C. To turn plastic waste into useful medicine. D. To reduce the cost of making paracetamol. 13. What feature does the new paracetamol-making method have? A. It is efficient and does little harm to the environment. B. It simplifies the traditional medicine-making process. C. It requires high temperatures to break down PET. D. It uses beer to produce the main material. 14. Which of the following statements will Professor Stephen Wallace agree with? A. PET plastic can do more good than harm. B. Plastics may have many potential applications. C. Products made from PET have been well received. D. The problem of plastic waste needs worldwide attention. 15. What may be the text? A. An advertisement for painkillers. B. An online news report about plastic waste. C. A scientific paper about medical science. D. A book review about environmental science. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了爱丁堡大学研究出将PET塑料转化为对乙酰氨基酚的方法，高效环保，研究者认为这为塑料再利用提供方向。 12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Recently, researchers from the University of Edinburgh have published a study in Nature Chemistry, introducing a method for turning plastic into paracetamol.(近日，爱丁堡大学的研究人员在《自然·化学》杂志上发表了一项研究，介绍了将塑料转化为对乙酰氨基酚的方法)”可知，爱丁堡大学开展这项研究是为了将塑料废弃物转化为有用的药物。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Though this seems not simple, the process of turning plastic into paracetamol takes less than 24 hours. This new method can be carried out at room temperature, through a process that produces no CO2. In addition, about 90 percent of the PET used is turned into medicine, leaving very little plastic waste.(虽然这一过程看似并不简单，但将塑料转化为对乙酰氨基酚所需的时间不到24小时。这种新方法可在室温下进行，整个过程不会产生二氧化碳。此外，所使用的约90%的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）都被转化为药物，从而产生的塑料废弃物极少)”可知，这种新的对乙酰氨基酚制造方法效率高，且对环境影响小。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Stephen Wallace所说的话“Though there is still much to be done in order to solve the problem of plastic waste, this is a step in the right direction, and shows the fact that plastics have the potential to be reused in many creative ways.(尽管要解决塑料垃圾问题仍有许多工作要做，但这一举措是朝着正确方向迈出的一步，也表明塑料具有以多种创新方式被再次利用的潜力)”可知，斯蒂芬·华莱士（ Stephen Wallace）教授认同塑料可能有多种潜在用途。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Recently, researchers from the University of Edinburgh have published a study in Nature Chemistry, introducing a method for turning plastic into paracetamol.(近日，爱丁堡大学的研究人员在《自然·化学》杂志上发表了一项研究，介绍了将塑料转化为对乙酰氨基酚的方法)”结合文章指出常见药生产多依赖化石燃料不环保，爱丁堡大学研究出将PET塑料转化为对乙酰氨基酚的方法，高效环保，研究者认为这为塑料再利用提供方向；全文围绕最新科研突破展开，具备时效性、客观性（引用论文及教授观点）和科普性（解释技术原理），符合新闻报道特征，结合选项可知，文章是一则关于塑料废弃物的网络新闻报道。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A new semester means a fresh start. Get your semester started right by practicing these strategies, and your productivity will soar. 1 Get organized Organization helps you reduce chaos and stress, thus making you more productive. Develop a system at the start of your semester. This may include: — Color coded notebooks and/ or folders for each class — ____16____. — Cleaning out your backpack, desk, and dorm room to reduce clutter from previous semesters — Organizing your computer files (e.g., by school year, semester, course, and assignment type or project) If you keep track of deadlines, know where to find everything, and maintain a well-organized space, you free up your mind to focus on learning and achieving. 2 Get into a routine Like being organized, establishing a routine helps your life run smoothly. It’s easier said than done, but try waking up and going to sleep around the same time each day (or at least on weekdays). ____17____. Choose a time of day when you feel especially productive. Start each day on a positive note by preparing the night before. For instance, set out the outfit you’ll wear to class and pack your backpack with the supplies you’ll need that day. Instead of frantically scrambling around in the morning, you’ll begin the day feeling confident and prepared. Ultimately, these small habits make a big difference in your overall mood and performance. 3 ____18____ Maybe you’ve heard the saying, “Show me your friends and I’ll show you your future.” If your friends are partying every night, skipping class, and seemingly unconcerned about their grades, staying motivated will be an uphill battle for you. Try to make at least one positive friend in every class. Meet ambitious people with clearly defined goals, good study habits, and healthy lifestyles. ____19____. 4 Take good care of yourself ____20____. When you eat poorly and don’t get enough sleep, it impacts your mood and your mind. You may feel fuzzy and forgetful, and you’ll have a tough time learning new concepts. Obviously, this is not helpful for a successful semester. Eat nutritious meals (as often as you can), exercise, and get plenty of rest. Studying in small chunks instead of relying on cram sessions is one way to ensure you sleep enough. Creating new habits is tough at first. Stick with it, and you’ll find that you’re far more productive and successful — and probably happier, too. A. Surround yourself with motivated peers B. Instead of waiting until the last minute to work on assignments or cram in information, set aside studying/homework blocks each day. C. These friends can help you stay accountable, and they make great study buddies too. D. A clean and orderly environment is essential for effective learning. E. A planner with important dates and deadlines filled out F. As a result, you will feel more in control of your daily life. G. Finally, remember to practice self- care and healthy habits. 【答案】16. E 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了新学期提高学习效率的四个策略，包括保持整洁、建立日常习惯、结交积极向上的朋友以及照顾好自己。 【16题详解】 由上文“Organization helps you reduce chaos and stress, thus making you more productive. Develop a system at the start of your semester. This may include: (有条理可以帮助你减少混乱和压力，从而提高你的效率。在学期开始时建立一个系统。这可能包括：)”及下文“— Cleaning out your backpack, desk, and dorm room to reduce clutter from previous semesters (清理你的背包、书桌和宿舍，减少上学期留下的杂乱)”可知，上文提到在学期开始时建立一个有条理的系统，下文列举了清理背包、书桌和宿舍等具体做法，本空应列举一个与整理相关的具体做法。E选项“A planner with important dates and deadlines filled out (填写好重要日期和截止日期的计划表)”属于整理系统的一部分，能承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 由上文“It’s easier said than done, but try waking up and going to sleep around the same time each day (or at least on weekdays). (说起来容易做起来难，但试着每天在同一时间起床和睡觉(或者至少在工作日)。)”及下文“Choose a time of day when you feel especially productive. (选择一天中你感觉特别有效率的时间。)”可知，上文建议每天尽量在同一时间起床和睡觉，下文建议选择一天中效率高的时间，本空应补充日常惯例中关于学习安排的具体做法，B 选项“Instead of waiting until the last minute to work on assignments or cram in information, set aside studying/homework blocks each day. (不要等到最后一刻才赶作业或死记硬背，每天留出固定的学习/作业时段)”是作息规律之外的学习惯例安排，能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 【18题详解】 由下文“Maybe you’ve heard the saying, “Show me your friends and I’ll show you your future.” If your friends are partying every night, skipping class, and seemingly unconcerned about their grades, staying motivated will be an uphill battle for you. (也许你听过这样一句话：“告诉我你的朋友是谁，我就能知道你的未来。”如果你的朋友每天晚上都在聚会，逃课，似乎对他们的成绩漠不关心，那么保持动力对你来说将是一场艰苦的战斗。)”可知，下文提到朋友对个人的影响，强调与积极的朋友在一起的重要性，本空应为本段的主题句，说明要与有动力的同伴在一起。A选项“Surround yourself with motivated peers (让自己周围都是有动力的同伴)”符合语境。故选A。 【19题详解】 由上文“Try to make at least one positive friend in every class. Meet ambitious people with clearly defined goals, good study habits, and healthy lifestyles. (试着在每节课上至少交一个积极的朋友。结识有明确目标、良好学习习惯和健康生活方式的有抱负的人。)”可知，上文建议结识有抱负、学习习惯好、生活方式健康的朋友，本空应说明这样做的好处。C选项“These friends can help you stay accountable, and they make great study buddies too. (这些朋友可以帮助你保持责任感，他们也是很好的学习伙伴。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 【20题详解】 由下文“When you eat poorly and don’t get enough sleep, it impacts your mood and your mind. You may feel fuzzy and forgetful, and you’ll have a tough time learning new concepts. Obviously, this is not helpful for a successful semester. (当你吃得不好，睡眠不足时，它会影响你的情绪和大脑。你可能会感到头脑模糊、健忘，学习新概念会很困难。显然，这对一个成功的学期没有帮助。)”可知，下文提到饮食和睡眠对情绪和学习的影响，强调自我照顾的重要性，本空应为本段的主题句，说明要照顾好自己。G选项“Finally, remember to practice self- care and healthy habits. (最后，记得要自我照顾，养成健康的习惯。)”总领本段内容，引出下文对健康习惯的具体说明，符合语境。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 There’s an autumn day that I recall every time I find myself caught up in the busy life. I was a teenager then stuck in the ____21____ of upcoming college applications. It was my ____22____. Mr. Jensen, who brought me back to earth. He was a quiet man in his seventies who lived next door. We had a shared love for ____23____. One afternoon, feeling stressed and ____24____, I headed outside to my backyard garden where I began to violently weed (除草). Mr. Jensen was there as usual, ____25____ his rosebushes. Seeing my sadness, he ____26____ and quietly started weeding alongside me. After a few minutes of shared ____27____, he finally spoke up. “You know,” he began, “weeding a garden is a lot like ____28____ life.” Curious, I stopped and looked at him. He continued, “Sometimes, we are so absorbed in the weeds that we forget to enjoy the ____29____.” He pointed to the ____30____ flowers in his garden, their bright colors shining in the sun. “Don’t forget to appreciate the roses, even as you ____31____ the weeds.” That simple wisdom ____32____ me hard. I had been so focused on the stress of my future that I had forgotten to enjoy my ____33____. That day, Mr. Jensen taught me a life lesson that I’ve carried with me ever since. Now, whenever I find myself ____34____ by life’s “weeds,” I pause, take a deep breath, and remember to ____35____ my “roses”. 21. A. excitement B. regret C. pressure D. happiness 22. A. father B. teacher C. classmate D. neighbour 23. A. gardening B. singing C. dancing D. studying 24. A. shocked B. anxious C. interested D. disappointed 25. A. decorating B. attending C. packing D. selling 26. A. left B. hesitated C. approached D. jumped 27. A. chat B. silence C. smile D. visit 28. A. going through B. setting up C. turning around D. giving up 29. A. photos B. dreams C. flowers D. meals 30. A. artificial B. unique C. odd D. beautiful 31. A. love B. select C. remove D. recognize 32. A. hit B. pushed C. worked D. weighed 33. A. peace B. memory C. luck D. present 34. A. misled B. fooled C. cheated D. overcome 35. A. pick B. admire C. share D. collect 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在面临即将到来的大学申请压力时，邻居Mr. Jensen让作者明白不要只关注生活中的“杂草”，而要学会欣赏“玫瑰”的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时我还是个青少年，深陷在即将到来的大学申请压力中。A. excitement兴奋；B. regret后悔；C. pressure压力；D. happiness幸福。根据后文“feeling stressed”可知，作者深陷在即将到来的大学申请压力中。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：是我的邻居Mr. Jensen把我拉回了现实。A. father父亲；B. teacher老师；C. classmate同学；D. neighbour邻居。根据后文“He was a quiet man in his seventies who lived next door.”可知，Mr. Jensen是作者的邻居。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都喜欢园艺。A. gardening园艺；B. singing唱歌；C. dancing跳舞；D. studying学习。根据后文“I headed outside to my backyard garden”以及“he pointed to the __10__flowers in his garden”可知，他们都喜欢园艺。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，我感到压力很大，很焦虑，于是走到后院花园，开始疯狂地除草。A. shocked震惊的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. disappointed失望的。根据前文“feeling stressed”以及后文“I headed outside to my backyard garden where I began to violently weed(除草).”可知，作者感到压力很大，很焦虑。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Jensen像往常一样在那里，照料他的玫瑰丛。A. decorating装饰；B. attending照料；C. packing打包；D. selling卖。根据后文“his rosebushes”可知，此处指的是照料玫瑰丛。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到我的难过，他走近我，默默地陪我一起除草。A. left离开；B. hesitated犹豫；C. approached靠近，走近；D. jumped跳。根据后文“quietly started weeding alongside me”可知，Mr. Jensen需要先走近作者，然后才能和作者一起除草。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟共同的沉默之后，他终于开口了。A. chat聊天；B. silence沉默；C. smile微笑；D. visit参观。根据后文“he finally spoke up”可知，一开始是几分钟的沉默。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“你知道吗，”他开始说，“给花园除草就像经历人生。”A. going through经历；B. setting up建立；C. turning around转身；D. giving up放弃。根据后文“Sometimes, we are so absorbed in the weeds that we forget to enjoy the __9__.”可知，这里是说除草就像经历人生。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，我们太专注于杂草，以至于忘记了享受花朵。A. photos照片；B. dreams梦想；C. flowers花；D. meals饭。根据后文“Don’t forget to appreciate the roses”可知，此处“花朵”与后文“玫瑰”对应，指人生中的美好事物。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他指着花园里美丽的花朵，它们在阳光下闪耀着鲜艳的颜色。A. artificial人造的；B. unique独特的；C. odd奇怪的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据后文“their bright colors shining in the sun”可知，此处指的是美丽的花朵。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使你在除草，也不要忘记欣赏玫瑰。A. love爱；B. select选择；C. remove移除，去除；D. recognize认出。根据前文“weeding a garden”可知除草就是去除杂草，“remove”对应“weed”的含义。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那简单的智慧深深打动了我。A. hit打击，使……突然意识到；B. pushed推；C. worked工作；D. weighed称重。根据后文“I had been so focused on the stress of my future that I had forgotten to enjoy my __13__.”可知作者被那简单的智慧深深打动，意识到自己一直只关注未来的压力。hit sb. hard表示“给某人很大影响，使某人突然意识到”。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直太专注于未来的压力，以至于忘记了享受当下。A. peace和平；B. memory记忆；C. luck运气；D. present现在，目前。根据前文“I had been so focused on the stress of my future”可知作者一直太专注于未来的压力，忘记了享受当下。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，每当我发现自己被生活中的“杂草”所困扰时，我都会停下来，深呼吸，记得欣赏我的“玫瑰”。A. misled误导；B. fooled欺骗；C. cheated欺骗；D. overcome克服，战胜，这里指“被……困扰”。根据后文“by life’s “weeds,””可知是被生活中的“杂草”所困扰。“be overcome by”有 “被……困扰、压倒”之意，符合语境。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，每当我发现自己被生活中的“杂草”所困扰时，我都会停下来，深呼吸，记得欣赏我的“玫瑰”。A. pick挑选；B. admire欣赏；C. share分享；D. collect收集。根据前文“Don’t forget to appreciate the roses”可知是要记得欣赏“玫瑰”。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cold Dew, is the 17th solar term in the Chinese solar calendar. This period marks a significant point in the transition from autumn ____36____ winter. The solar term signifies the ____37____ (arrive) of colder weather, with dew on the ground becoming more frequent and colder, often leading to the first frosts in some regions of China. During Cold Dew, temperatures significantly drop ____38____ (compare) to previous solar terms such as the Autumn Equinox (秋分) and White Dew (白露). This period is characterized by reduced rainfall, colder dew, and the approach of frost, especially in northern China. In southern China, the scent of osmanthus flowers (桂花) fills the air, and the Chinese yam, ____39____ (know) for its health benefits, is ready for harvest. These natural markers are not only significant for agricultural purposes ____40____ serve as cultural symbols that inspire various art forms and culinary ____41____ (tradition). ____42____ temperatures decrease, the weather becomes markedly cooler, often bringing the ____43____ (one) frost to northern China. The atmosphere is ____44____ (general) dry, with less humidity compared to earlier in the autumn. The significant temperature differences between day and night can lead to foggy conditions, especially in areas ____45____ the cold air meets residual autumn rain. 【答案】36. to 37. arrival 38. compared 39. known 40. but 41. traditions 42. As 43. first 44. generally 45. where 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国二十四节气中的寒露及其特点、影响。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：这一时期标志着从秋季到冬季的过渡的重要节点。from...to...为固定搭配，表示“从……到……”。故填to。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：这个节气标志着寒冷天气的到来，地面上的露水变得更加频繁和寒冷，在中国一些地区常常导致第一次霜冻。空处作signifies的宾语，应用名词arrival，表示“到来”。故填arrival。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与秋分和白露等之前的节气相比，寒露期间气温显著下降。compare与逻辑主语temperatures之间是被动关系，用过去分词，作状语。故填compared。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国南方，空气中弥漫着桂花的香气，而以健康益处著称的山药也到了收获的时候。know与the Chinese yam之间是被动关系，用过去分词known，作后置定语。故填known。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：这些自然标志不仅对农业具有重要意义，而且作为文化象征，激发了各种艺术形式和烹饪传统。not only...but (also)...为固定搭配，表示“不但……而且……”。故填but。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意同上。本空作inspire的宾语，用名词tradition“传统”，根据various可知，应用复数形式。故填traditions。 【42题详解】 考查时间状语从句。句意：随着气温下降，天气明显变冷，常常给中国北方带来第一次霜冻。此处表示“随着”，应用as引导时间状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填As。 【43题详解】 考查序数词。句意同上。空处修饰名词frost，表示“第一次霜冻”，应用序数词first。故填first。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：与秋初相比，空气通常干燥，湿度较低。空处修饰形容词dry，应用副词generally，作状语。故填generally。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：白天和夜晚的显著温差会导致多雾天气，特别是在冷空气与秋季残余雨水相遇的地区。空处引导定语从句，先行词areas，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，随着城市人口急剧增长，交通拥堵(traffic congestion)成为严重问题。为缓解这一状况，科学家研发出智能交通机器人。请根据以下要点，写一篇英语短文介绍该机器人，内容包括： 1. 机器人的基本功能(指挥交通、疏导人流车流、提供路线建议等); 2. 机器人对改善交通的重要意义。 注意：词数100左右;可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文一 As we all know, with the rapid growth of urban population, traffic congestion has become a headache. To address this issue, scientists have developed intelligent traffic robots. These robots play a vital role in traffic management. They can accurately direct vehicles and pedestrians at intersections, quickly identify and resolve traffic jams, and use real-time data to suggest the best routes to drivers. These robots are of great significance. They not only reduce traffic accidents caused by human error but also greatly improve traffic efficiency. Thanks to them, commuting time has been significantly shortened, and people’s daily travel has become more convenient. Undoubtedly, intelligent traffic robots are a remarkable innovation that brings positive changes to urban life. 范文二 As urban areas expand rapidly, traffic congestion has become a pressing concern. To ease this situation, intelligent traffic robots come into play. These robots are designed with multiple functions. They stand firmly at busy crossroads, using precise gestures and signals to manage traffic. When large crowds gather, they can quickly organize people and ensure smooth passage. Moreover, they can communicate with drivers via digital displays, providing up-to-date traffic information. These robots are crucial for urban traffic improvement. By replacing human labor in harsh working conditions, they ensure round-the-clock traffic management. Their presence has made a visible difference, making the city’s traffic run more smoothly and safely, and bringing a more pleasant travel experience to citizens. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生写一篇英语短文介绍智能交通机器人，包括机器人的基本功能及其重要意义。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 拥堵：congestion→jam 解决：address→tackle 至关重要的：vital→crucial 减少：reduce→decline 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：As we all know, with the rapid growth of urban population, traffic congestion has become a headache. 拓展句：It is known that with the rapid growth of urban population, traffic congestion has become a headache. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】As we all know, with the rapid growth of urban population, traffic congestion has become a headache.（运用 as引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型 2】 They not only reduce traffic accidents caused by human error but also greatly improve traffic efficiency.（运用了“not only...but also...” 结构及过去分词caused作后置定语） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 With every step, my legs trembled like a newborn calf’s, exhausted from scrambling up the rocks. My mind was filled with self-doubt—I was too overweight, too weak, and a total fool for attempting this struggle. After climbing only one hour, I felt worn out, physically and mentally, and wanted to turn back. I told the guide staying with me at the back that I couldn’t go any further. His words were simple but struck a chord, “That doesn’t sound like you. Keep going. You can do it.” I don’t know why, but something in his tone made me turn around. With renewed resolve, I placed one foot slowly in front of the other. By the time I reached the first rest point, most fellow climbers had already left. I hurried to drink and eat, anxious not to fall further behind. Sitting alone on a cold rock in the darkness, a deep wave of disappointment washed over me. Nine months earlier, I had promised to change my life and prove anything was possible. But here, at 2 a.m., after three hours of climbing, I felt I had completely overestimated myself. This thought sparked a familiar anger, one that had once ruled my life. But now, instead of letting it consume me, I would let it fuel me. This wasn’t just a climb between the mountain and me but also a proof of my rebirth. Suddenly I stood up, looked at the guide and said, “I’ll keep going.” Though doubt flashed in his eyes, my resolution was absolute. That was when my tears started. I cried not only from exhaustion but from the weight of my promise and the pressure. I hid my face under my hood（兜帽）and snood（围脖）and pushed on. I stumbled and fell countless times, tears freezing on my cheeks. For the next few hours, I climbed over snow-covered rocks, laughing bitterly at the absurd struggle and endlessly repeating to myself: just one more step. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Around 6:00 a.m., I saw some climbers heading back down. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It took nine hours instead of the expected six, but I made it. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Around 6:00 a.m., I saw some climbers heading back down. I bowed my head to the ground so they didn’t see me crying, and nodded as they patted my shoulder. “You’ve got this.” “Almost there.” Their encouraging words strengthened my resolve. For the final two hours I dragged myself upward, moving forward one step at a time, and I started to notice the world around me—dawn breaking, clouds spreading below my feet. I was walking above the clouds, and then I saw it: the summit sign. It took nine hours instead of the expected six, but I made it. I stood leaning against the sign, having the customary photo taken. Though exhausted, cold, aching, hungry and thirsty, I had never been happier. accomplishing what I had never thought possible was well worth every minute of pain and doubt. The positive encouragement from others had created a change in me, which allowed my thoughts to transform from negative to positive. Without their support and the change within me, my body would not have reached the summit that morning. 【解析】 【导语】本文以“我”的登山经历为线索展开，讲述“我”因体重超标、体力不支，登山途中多次产生放弃念头，却在向导鼓励、自我鞭策下坚持前行。过程中“我”虽疲惫落泪、多次跌倒，仍不断给自己打气，最终历经九小时（远超预期六小时）成功登顶，实现了对自我的突破。 【详解】1.段落续写： ① 由第一段首句“早上6点左右，我看到一些登山者正往山下走。”可知，第一段需描写“我”面对下山者反应，下山者给予的鼓励对“我”的激励作用，以及最后两小时“我”看到的景象，直至发现山顶标志，推动情节向登顶靠近。 ② 由第二段首句“虽然花了九个小时，比预期的六个小时要久，但我还是成功登顶了。”可知，第二段可描写“我”登顶后的状态和感受，以及对此次登山意义的感悟。 2.续写线索：清晨看到下山者—“我” 掩饰泪水，获下山者鼓励——最后两小时坚持攀登，欣赏沿途晨景 ——发现山顶标志——历经九小时成功登顶——登顶后拍照留念，感悟成功意义。 3.词汇激活 行为类 ① 低头：bow one’s head /lower one’s head ② 增强：strengthen /boost ③ 倚靠：lean against /rest on ④ 完成：accomplish /fulfill 情绪类 ① 开心：happy /delighted ② 积极：positive /optimistic ③ 消极：negative /pessimistic 【点睛】[高分句型 1] For the final two hours I dragged myself upward, moving forward one step at a time, and I started to notice the world around me—dawn breaking, clouds spreading below my feet.（运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型 2] The positive encouragement from others had created a change in me, which allowed my thoughts to transform from negative to positive.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $