Unit1 Past and present 基础知识巩固训练-2025-2026学年译林版八年级下册英语

译林版八年级下册英语Unit1 Past and present 基础知识巩固训练 一、本单元单词测试（根据句意及首字母/汉语提示写单词，注意形式变化） 1. The government has built many new houses to improve people's living c_________ (条件). 1. My grandparents often talk about the past with great f__________ (怀念). 1. He used to r__________ (骑车) to school, but now he takes the underground. 1. The old town has changed a lot. It has become more m__________ (现代化的) than before. 1. We should protect the environment to avoid air p__________ (污染). 1. The Internet makes c__________ (交流) much easier than it was decades ago. 1. She has lived in this city s__________ (自从) she was born. 1. The local library has a large c__________ (收藏) of old books and magazines. 1. His father has gone a__________ (在国外) for business and will come back next month. 1. The population of this town has i__________ (增加) by 20% in the past five years. 1. We felt a great sense of s__________ (满足) when we finished the difficult task. 1. The old bridge was built in the 19th c__________ (世纪) and is still in use. 1. He has made great p__________ (进步) in English since he joined the English club. 1. The factory was m__________ (迁移) to the countryside to reduce noise pollution. 1. People in the past had to depend on oil l__________ (灯) for lighting at night. 二、重点单词词性转换. 1. present (名词：礼物) __________ 2. change (形容词：易变的) __________ 3. pollute (名词：污染) __________ 4. communicate (名词：交流) __________ 5. improve (名词：进步) __________ 6. develop (形容词：发达的) __________ 7. succeed (名词：成功) __________ 8. convenient (副词) __________ 9. happy (名词：幸福) __________ 10. appear (反义词：消失) __________ 11. honest (副词) __________ 12. possible (反义词：不可能的) __________ 13. usual (反义词：不寻常的) __________ 14. wide (副词) __________ 15. real (副词) __________ 三、短语翻译（汉译英/英译汉） （一）汉译英 1. 过去常常做某事 __________ 2. 习惯于做某事 __________ 3. 在过去的几年里 __________ 4. 与……保持联系 __________ 5. 发生变化 __________ 6. 搬进新公寓 __________ 7. 独自；独立 __________ 8. 各种类型的 __________ 9. 换句话说 __________ 10. 把……变成…… __________ （二）英译汉 1. at present __________ 2. in the past __________ 3. over the years __________ 4. as a result __________ 5. in some ways __________ 6. take place __________ 7. turn off __________ 8. not...any more __________ 9. keep up with __________ 10. from time to time __________ 四、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. My brother __________ (live) in Beijing for ten years and he doesn't want to move to other cities. 2. Great changes __________ (take) place in our hometown since 2010. 3. He used __________ (play) basketball after school, but now he prefers reading. 4. —__________ you __________ (see) Mr. Li recently? —Yes, I met him yesterday. 5. The Smiths __________ (move) to Shanghai last month and they are getting used to the life there. 6. It's easier for us __________ (communicate) with others with the help of smartphones. 7. The air __________ (become) much fresher since the factory was closed. 8. She __________ (not visit) her grandparents for half a year, so she is going to go there this weekend. 9. We __________ (learn) English for nearly six years and we can speak it fluently now. 10. My father __________ (work) in this company since he graduated from college. 五、根据首字母提示完成短文填空。 I live in a small town which has changed a lot over the years. In the past, people lived in small and old houses. Most of them went to work by bike or on f__________ (1). There were only a few small shops in the town and people could buy only basic things. The environment was very good, with green trees and clean rivers e__________ (2). But now, great changes have taken place. Many new tall b__________ (3) have been built, including apartments and shopping malls. People can buy all kinds of things they need easily. Most families have cars, so t__________ (4) has become more convenient, but it also brings more traffic jams and air pollution. There are many new schools and hospitals, which have i__________ (5) people's life quality a lot. In some ways, life is better now. We have more comfortable living conditions and more chances to develop ourselves. H__________ (6), I sometimes miss the old days. At that time, people were more friendly and they often helped each other. We used to play games together in the open air and e__________ (7) ourselves a lot. I think every change has its advantages and disadvantages. We should keep the good things from the past and accept the new changes to make our life b__________ (8). 六、完形填空。 My hometown is a beautiful village. I spent my happy childhood there. But now, it has changed beyond recognition (认不出). When I was a child, there were many trees and flowers around the village. The river in front of the village was so clear that we could see the fish s__________ (1) in the water. We often went swimming in the river in summer. There were only a few small houses in the village, and most families lived a simple life. People got along well with each other and often shared food with their n__________ (2). But as time went by, the village began to change. A new road was built through the village, which made transportation more convenient. Many people started to build new and tall houses. Some factories were also built near the village. At first, people were happy about these changes because they brought more job opportunities. However, the factories soon caused serious pollution. The river became dirty and the fish disappeared. The air was no longer fresh. Now, I visit my hometown every year. Although the living conditions have i__________ (3), I feel a little sad. I miss the clean river, the fresh air and the simple life. I hope that in the future, people can pay more attention to protecting the environment while developing the economy. Only in this way can we have a better life. ( ) 1. A. swimming B. walking C. running D. jumping ( ) 2. A. relatives B. neighbors C. friends D. classmates ( ) 3. A. improved B. worsened C. stayed D. remained ( ) 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. The writer spent his childhood in the village. B. There were many trees and flowers around the village in the past. C. The new road and factories made the village better without any problems. D. The writer hopes people can protect the environment while developing the economy. ( ) 5. What's the main idea of the passage? A. The writer's happy childhood in the village. B. The changes of the writer's hometown and his feelings about them. C. The advantages of the changes in the writer's hometown. D. The disadvantages of the factories in the writer's hometown. 七、汉译英（一空一词，注意时态和句式） 1. 我已经住在这座城市15年了。I __________ __________ in this city for 15 years. 2. 他过去常常步行上学，但现在他开车去。 He __________ __________ ________ to school on foot, but now he ________ a car. 3. 近几十年来，我们的生活发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes __________ __________ __________ in our life in recent decades. 4. 他们已经很久没有联系了。 They __________ __________ in touch with each other for a long time. 5. 随着科技的发展，人们的交流方式变得更加便捷。With the development of science and technology, people's ways of __________ have become more __________. 6. 我的家乡不再是过去的样子了。 My hometown is __________ __________ what it used to be. 7. 自从他离开后，我们就再也没有见过他。 We __________ __________ him since he __________. 8. 为了改善生活，许多人搬到了城市。 Many people moved to cities __________ __________ __________ their lives. 9. 这个小镇在过去几年里已经发展成为一个现代化的城市。 This small town __________ __________ into a modern city in the past few years. 10. 我们应该珍惜现在的幸福生活，同时铭记过去的艰难岁月。We should cherish the happy life __________ __________ and remember the hard times in the past. 参考答案 一、单词测试。 1. conditions 2. feeling 3. ride 4. modern 5. pollution 6. communication 7. since 8. collection 9. abroad 10. increased 11. satisfaction 12. century 13. progress 14. moved 15. lamps 二、词性转换。 1. present 2. changeable 3. pollution 4. communication 5. improvement 6. developed 7. success 8. conveniently 9. happiness 10. disappear 11. honestly 12. impossible 13. unusual 14. widely 15. really 三、短语翻译。 （一）汉译英 1. used to do sth. 2. be used to doing sth. 3. in the past few years 4. keep in touch with 5. take place / have changes 6. move into a new apartment 7. on one's own / by oneself 8. all kinds of 9. in other words 10. turn...into... （二）英译汉 1. 目前；现在 2. 在过去 3. 这些年来 4. 结果 5. 在某些方面 6. 发生 7. 关闭；关掉 8. 不再 9. 跟上；赶上 10. 不时；偶尔 四、适当形式填空。 1. has lived 2. have taken 3. to play 4. Have; seen 5. moved 6. to communicate 7. has become 8. hasn't visited 9. have learned 10. has worked 五、首字母填空。 1. foot 2. everywhere 3. buildings 4. transportation 5. improved 6. However 7. enjoyed 8. better 六、完形填空。 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 七、汉译英。 1. have lived 2. used to go; drives 3. have taken place 4. haven't kept 5. communication; convenient 6. no longer 7. haven't seen; left 8. in order to improve 9. has developed 10. at present 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $