精品解析：广东肇庆市端州中学2025-2026学年第一学期高二级英语科12月月考检测试题

2025-2026学年第一学期高二级英语科12月月考检测 (考试时间：120分钟，满分：150分) 一、阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Dust off your suitcase to set up your out - of - office. The UK has some hidden places worthy of a short vacation. The following are the stylish accommodations you can choose during your vacation. The Cow Shed in Woodbridge Mixing caravan (大篷车) life and camping together, the Cow Shed could only be designed in a child’s imagination. And of course, it’s situated on a farm to provide the full experience. It sleeps up to four guests, with the interior giving you warm, rustic (淳朴的) atmosphere. Toilet and shower facilities are located on the grounds. The Badger Pod in Achiltibuie If you really fancy going off- grid (脱离电网), this Badger Pod in Achiltibuie, Scotland, is the place for you. A small, remote village on the North - West coast of the Scottish Highlands, you’ll be far away from all your day - to - day stresses. Sleeping two guests in an outsized bed, it is perfect for a couple’s retreat away from the family. The Moon Conker in Llanafan- fawr Located in a small rural village in Wales, the Moon Conker is the perfect place to unwind and rest away from busy day - to - day life and be at one with nature. Sleeping two guests in a super king - sized bed for extra comfort, you can observe the night sky through one of the many skylights in the Conker. The Riverside Cabin in Cornwall Found right on the edge of a stream in prime, picturesque Cornish countryside, the Riverside Cabin is the kind of delightful escape many people dream of. This place is cosy yet airy. It’s just a 20- minute drive to Falmouth, an art y coastal town that’s full of small independent bars and restaurants. 1. What is special about the Cow Shed in Woodbridge? A. It is located on a farm. B. Its toilet is put on the grounds. C. It has home atmosphere. D. It combines caravan life with camping. 2. What do the four places have in common? A. They are on the coast. B. They sleep up to four guests. C. They are imaginative in shapes. D. They allow travelers to embrace nature. 3. Where can the text be found? A. In a history book. B. In a travel brochure. C. In a geography magazine. D. In an adventurous story. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国四个值得一游的隐藏地点和它们各自的特色住宿。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Cow Shed in Woodbridge部分的“Mixing caravan (大篷车) life and camping together, the Cow Shed could only be designed in a child’s imagination. (将房车生活和露营结合在一起，牛棚只能出自孩子的想象。)”可知，Cow Shed的特殊之处在于它将大篷车生活和露营结合在一起。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Cow Shed in Woodbridge部分的“And of course, it’s situated on a farm to provide the full experience. It sleeps up to four guests, with the interior giving you warm, rustic (淳朴的) atmosphere. (当然，它位于农场，提供完整的体验。它最多可容纳四名客人，内部给您带来温暖、淳朴的氛围。)”、The Badger Pod in Achiltibuie部分的“A small, remote village on the North - West coast of the Scottish Highlands, you’ll be far away from all your day - to - day stresses. (苏格兰高地西北海岸的一个小村庄，你将远离日常的所有压力。)”、The Moon Conker in Llanafan- fawr部分的“Located in a small rural village in Wales, the Moon Conker is the perfect place to unwind and rest away from busy day - to - day life and be at one with nature. (威尔士的一个小乡村里的“月榛子”（Moon Conker）是远离繁忙的日常生活、放松身心、与自然融为一体的理想之地。)”以及The Riverside Cabin in Cornwall部分的“Found right on the edge of a stream in prime, picturesque Cornish countryside, the Riverside Cabin is the kind of delightful escape many people dream of. This place is cosy yet airy. (河畔小屋坐落在风景如画的康沃尔乡村的一条小溪边，是许多人梦寐以求的那种令人愉快的逃避。这个地方既舒适又通风。)”可知，这四个地方都允许旅行者拥抱自然，这是它们的共同点。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Dust off your suitcase to set up your out - of - office. The UK has some hidden places worthy of a short vacation. The following are the stylish accommodations you can choose during your vacation. (把你的行李箱擦干净，开始你的假期吧。英国有一些隐藏的地方值得一游。以下是你度假时可以选择的时尚住宿。)”可知，文章主要介绍了英国四个值得一游的隐藏地点和它们各自的特色住宿，因此可以推断出这篇文章可能出现在旅游手册中，帮助游客了解并规划自己的旅行。故选B。 B In a heartwarming tale from Georgia, a 72-year-old senior recently celebrated his college graduation in cinema studies, an achievement made even more special by the presence of his proud 99-year-old mother. Sam Kaplan of Lawrenceville decided to start on his educational journey at Georgia Gwinnett College in 2019, half a century after he had firstly chosen not to get higher education following his high school graduation in 1969. The catalyst for his return to academia came when he heard a radio announcement about a degree programme in cinema studies. Recalling that moment, Kaplan said, “I was driving down the highway when I heard about the degree programme. The next exit led to Collinsville, so I immediately exited, and within five minutes, I was enrolling in classes. I’ve always had a passion for writing and storytelling. I longed to transform my narratives into screenplays, but I realized I needed the basic knowledge to do so.” Kaplan admitted that the journey was a mix of anxiety and excitement, but it proved to be greatly rewarding. He graduated with a 3.975 grade point average and perfect grade honours; majoring in cinema and media arts, and had desires to continue creating screenplays in the future. “It was an exciting and nerve-wracking (神经紧张的) challenge. Re-recognizing myself with the art of studying and communicating with fellow students was a lot of fun,” he told FOX5 Atlanta. The most heartwarming thing of Kaplan’s graduation day was the presence of his mother, 99-year-old Virginia Kaplan, during the ceremony. Virginia expressed her huge pride, saying, “I am so proud of him. He faced numerous challenges but insisted, and I am delighted, pleased, and extremely proud.” The mother also added, “With his new degree, he’s going to stand out in whatever he does. Who knows, I might even make an appearance in the movies.” 4. What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To provide background information. B. To introduce the main idea. C. To serve as a comment on education. D. To set an example for the old. 5. What aroused his desire to attend college at such old age? A. His accidental access to a radio programme. B. His anxiety about his retirement. C. His mother’s timely encouragement. D. His regretful life experiences as a story-teller. 6. What do we infer from the last paragraph? A. The mother desires to star in a film. B. Kaplan takes much pride in himself. C. Kaplan is excellent at whatever he does. D. Kaplan’s mother offers him unshakeable support. 7. What can we conclude from the text? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. It’s never too late to follow a dream. C. The good seaman is known in bad weather. D. All things in their being are good for something. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位72岁的高龄老人出席了他在电影研究专业的大学毕业典礼，而他99岁母亲在场见证他的成就，为他感到自豪。这证明追求梦想永远不会太迟。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In a heartwarming tale from Georgia, a 72-year-old senior recently celebrated his college graduation in cinema studies, an achievement made even more special by the presence of his proud 99-year-old mother. (乔治亚州发生了一个感人的故事，一名72岁的大四学生最近庆祝了他电影专业的大学毕业，而他99岁的母亲也在场，这一成就显得更加特别。)”以及全文讲述可知，全文就是主要讲述了这位老人重返校园的具体情况，所以第一段概括介绍了全文的大意。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The catalyst for his return to academia came when he heard a radio announcement about a degree programme in cinema studies. (促使他重返学术界的导火索是，他在广播中听到一则关于电影研究学位课程的公告。)”和第三段的“I was driving down the highway when I heard about the degree programme. The next exit led to Collinsville, so I immediately exited, and within five minutes, I was enrolling in classes. (当我听说这个学位项目时，我正在高速公路上开车。下一个出口通向柯林斯维尔，所以我立刻走了出去，不到五分钟，我就开始上课了。)”可知，此处他在广播中听到一则关于电影研究学位课程的公告是他重返学术界的诱因。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Virginia expressed her huge pride, saying, ‘I am so proud of him. He faced numerous challenges but insisted, and I am delighted, pleased, and extremely proud.’ The mother also added, ‘With his new degree, he’s going to stand out in whatever he does. Who knows, I might even make an appearance in the movies.’ (维吉尼亚表达了她巨大的骄傲，‘我为他感到骄傲。他面临过无数的挑战，但他坚持了下来，我很高兴，很满意，也非常自豪。’这位母亲又补充说道，‘有了新学位，他无论做什么都会脱颖而出。谁知道呢，说不定我还会出演电影呢’)”可知，这位99岁的母亲对儿子做的事情非常支持，给予了坚定的支持。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In a heartwarming tale from Georgia, a 72-year-old senior recently celebrated his college graduation in cinema studies, an achievement made even more special by the presence of his proud 99-year-old mother. (乔治亚州发生了一个感人的故事，一名72岁的大四学生最近庆祝了他电影专业的大学毕业，而他99岁的母亲也在场，这一成就显得更加特别。)”所介绍的文章大意以及全文讲述可知，一位72岁的高龄老人重返校园在电影研究专业大学毕业，有可能会实现自己拍摄电影的梦想，而他99岁骄傲的母亲在场，使这一成就变得更加特别。我们可以从中感悟到追求梦想永远不会太迟，年龄不是问题。故选B项。 C Human history is full of horse stories like guiding cowboys home on foggy nights and taking wounded soldiers through battle zones. Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina Jatel, a computer scientist and roboticist, think of robots. “A horse that can take a rider home on its own would be the highest level of autonomy,” Jatel says. “You trust them with your life.” She was drawn to learning how such relationships form and if it could help improve human-robot interactions. For a year, Jatel engaged herself in the horse world. She watched classes in horse training, and she also talked with students, instructors, trainers and horse owners. Along the way, Jatel even learned to ride. Horses learn signals from their trainers on how to comfortably interact with people. People, too, must learn their part. Riders must learn what a horse wants or feels based on its behavior, and what signals to use to direct horses to perform in desired ways. Jatel found some similarities, here, to working with robots. People must learn how to direct robots to do specific tasks. They also must learn what to do when robots don’t perform as planned. The goal is to program robots that will respond predictably to inputs from people. But like horses, autonomous robots also should be able to respond on their own as conditions change. For example, a self-driving car must stop to avoid hitting something, even if some human mistakenly tells it to keep going. Trainers and riders work with horses to build respect. Horses show that respect by matching their pace to a human or giving someone who is leading them a safe degree of personal space. Trainers begin their work with a horse by getting them to show signs of respect in basic interactions, Jatel says. Later, trainers will develop more complex interactions. Gradually, a horse’s respect can grow into trust. But that trust is not given. And there may be a similar limitation with robots. What would it mean for robots and people to respect and trust each other? For now she adds, this is largely uncharted territory. But she’s looking to build a path. 8. What drew Elina Jatel’s attention to horses? A. Horses’ amazing performance. B. Long history of horse training. C. Horse-human interdependence. D. Her horse-riding experience. 9. What are the robots of the highest autonomy designed to do? A. To act like real horses. B. To show respect to humans. C. To follow instructions from humans. D. To make independent and sensible decisions. 10. What will Jatel’s future research most probably focus on? A. The limitations of robots. B. Trust between robots and humans. C. Path toward higher robot efficiency. D. Similarities between horses and robots. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. History of Human-Horse Relationship B. Secrets of Human-Animal Interactions C. The Role of Trust in Human-Robot Partnerships D. Horses as the Inspiration for Autonomous Robots 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了机器人专家从马身上得到灵感，研发了自主机器人，文章介绍了其灵感来源以及未来的研究重点等情况。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina Jatel, a computer scientist and roboticist, think of robots. “A horse that can take a rider home on its own would be the highest level of autonomy,” Jatel says. “You trust them with your life.” She was drawn to learning how such relationships form and if it could help improve human-robot interactions.(这些敏感且训练有素的马让计算机科学家和机器人专家Elina Jatel想到了机器人。贾特尔说：“一匹可以自己带骑手回家的马将是最高级别的自治。你把生命托付给他们。”她很想了解这种关系是如何形成的，以及它是否有助于改善人机互动)”可知，马的惊人表现吸引了Elina Jatel对马的注意。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The goal is to program robots that will respond predictably to inputs from people. But like horses, autonomous robots also should be able to respond on their own as conditions change. For example, a self-driving car must stop to avoid hitting something, even if some human mistakenly tells it to keep going.(其目标是编程机器人，使其能够对人类的输入做出可预测的反应。但像马一样，自主机器人也应该能够在条件变化时自行做出反应。例如，一辆自动驾驶汽车必须停下来避免撞到什么东西，即使有人错误地告诉它继续行驶)”可知，高度自治的机器人被设计用来做出独立而明智的决定。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“What would it mean for robots and people to respect and trust each other? For now, she adds, this is largely uncharted territory. But she’s looking to build a path.(机器人和人类相互尊重和信任意味着什么？她补充说，目前这在很大程度上是一个未知领域。但她想要开辟一条道路)”可知，Jatel未来的研究重点是机器人和人类之间的信任。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina Jatel, a computer scientist and roboticist, think of robots.(这些敏感且训练有素的马让计算机科学家和机器人专家Elina Jatel想到了机器人)”结合文章主要说明了机器人专家从马身上得到灵感，研发了自主机器人，文章介绍了其灵感来源以及未来的研究重点等情况。可知，D选项“马是自主机器人的灵感来源”最符合文章标题。故选D。 D What’s your opinion on spicy food? Some people cannot handle even the smallest amount of chili peppers in their dinner while others can’t get enough of them. Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love the chili while others loathe it. Plenty of research has been done on the subject, dating as far back as the 1970s. Previous results showed that a love of chilies is related to childhood experiences, and that cultural influences affect our taste too. But the latest study has found that a person’s love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else, CBC News reported. “We have always assumed that liking contributes to intake —— we eat what we are fond of and we like what we consume. But no one has actually directly bothered to relate personality to intake of chili peppers,” said Professor John E. Hayes from Pennsylvania State University, who led the study. But before you look at the study, you should first know that “spicy” is not a taste, unlike sour, sweet, bitter and salty taste. It is, in fact, a burning feeling that you feel on the surface of your tongue. This got scientists thinking that maybe a love of spicy food is brought about by people’s longing for thrill, something they usually get from watching action movies or riding a roller coaster. In the study, 97 subjects, both male and female, were asked to fill out questionnaires about their personality, for example, whether they are keen on new experiences or tend to avoid risks. They were then given a glass of water with capsaicin, the plant chemical that makes a chili burn, mixed into it. By comparing the answers to the questionnaire and what participants said they felt about the spicy water, researchers found that those who tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water. Interestingly, we used to believe that the reason why some people can stand spicy food is that their tongues have become less sensitive to it. However, this latest study has found otherwise. “It’s not that it doesn’t burn as badly, but that you actually learn to like the burning feeling,” Hayes explained. 12. Which can take the place of the underlined word “loathe” in Paragraph 2? A. dislike. B. seek. C. accept. D. harvest. 13. What did Professor John E. Hayes and his team discover from their study? A. What we eat actually helps develop our personality. B. Males prefer spicy food than females. C. Those avoiding risks tend to hate spicy food. D. It’s wrong to treat “spicy” as a feeling. 14. Why do some people like spicy food according to the recent study? A. Because their tongues have become less sensitive. B. Because they are lacking in appetite. C. Because they want to challenge themselves. D. Because they love the burning feeling. 15. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. What to eat mainly depends on personality. B. Preference for spicy food relies largely on personality. C Taste has nothing to with one’s experiences. D. Different people have different taste. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了人们对辛辣食物喜好的原因。长期以来，科学家对为何有人喜爱辣椒而有人厌恶感到困惑。此前研究认为与童年经历和文化影响有关，而最新研究表明，一个人对辛辣食物的喜爱可能更多地与个性相关。 【12题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段“Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love the chili while others loathe it.(科学家们长期以来一直困惑于为什么有些人喜欢辣椒，而另一些人却loathe它)”可知，这里 “while” 表示对比，说明 “loathe” 与 “love” 意思相反。选项 A“dislike（不喜欢）” 符合与 “love” 相反的意思；故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“By comparing the answers to the questionnaire and what participants said they felt about the spicy water, researchers found that those who tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water.(通过对比问卷答案以及参与者对辣味水的感受，研究人员发现，那些倾向于喜欢动作电影或冒险的人，喜欢辣味水的可能性大约是其他人的六倍)”可知，喜欢刺激和冒险的人更喜欢辣味水。由此推知，避免风险的人往往不喜欢辛辣食物。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段““It’s not that it doesn’t burn as badly, but that you actually learn to like the burning feeling,” Hayes explained.(海斯解释说：“并不是辣的感觉不那么强烈了，而是你实际上学会了喜欢这种灼烧感。”)” 可知，根据最新研究，有些人喜欢辛辣食物是因为他们喜欢这种灼烧的感觉。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第二段“But the latest study has found that a person’s love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else, CBC News reported.(但据加拿大广播公司新闻报道，最新研究发现，一个人对辛辣食物的喜爱可能与他或她的性格有关，而不是其他任何因素)”可知，文章主要介绍最近的研究表明对辛辣食物的偏好很大程度上依赖于个性。故选B。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Boundaries are personal guidelines that define what is and isn’t okay in your interpersonal relationships. As everyone has different needs and comfort levels, they may appear different for each person. Having healthy boundaries may provide such benefits as avoiding burnout, boosting self-esteem and maintaining personal space. ____16____ After setting your boundaries, it’s helpful to review them on a regular basis to remain relevant to your life circumstances. ____17____ The way you set them reflects your attitude to taking responsibility in life. Taking the time to think about your wants and needs in different situations will help you understand how your values influence boundary-setting. Once you have made the list of your values, needs, and wants, use that knowledge to establish clear boundaries that respect yourself and those around you. Once you have identified your boundaries, it is important to communicate them effectively. ____18____Express your ideas in an open and straightforward manner; speak up for yourself so that others can hear, understand and respect your needs. Additionally, take a step back if tensions arise during a conversation about setting boundaries. Allow yourself or the other person to cool down before restarting the conversation. ____19____ When learning how to set healthy boundaries, it is essential to learn how to say “no”. Saying “yes” to everything can lead to stress, burnout, and frustration. It is important to understand what you consider acceptable and unacceptable, setting limits that reflect those standards. ____20____ If the situation persists, remove yourself from it respectfully. You deserve more than surrounding yourself with people who don’t value your values. A. Honesty and respect play an essential key role in the process. B. Initially, you are supposed to identify your personal boundaries. C. When you feel that someone has crossed your boundaries, remind them. D. Therefore, setting healthy boundaries is of vital importance in social activities. E. Keep saying “no” to things you disapprove of helps to understand yourself better. F. This contributes to finding possible solutions to issues regarding boundary-setting. G. Pick up the conversation unless there appears another argument needed to be settled. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在人际交往中，健康界限存在的重要性以及该如何拥有健康界限的注意事项。 【16题详解】 设空处为段中句。上文“Having healthy boundaries may provide such benefits as avoiding burnout, boosting self-esteem and maintaining personal space.(拥有健康的界限可能会带来一些好处，比如避免倦怠、增强自尊和保持个人空间)”提到健康界限的好处，下文“After setting your boundaries, it’s helpful to review them on a regular basis to remain relevant to your life circumstances.(在设定了界限之后，定期回顾这些界限是很有帮助的，这样可以让它们与你的生活环境保持联系)”提到在设置好健康界限之后，要注意经常性地回顾，此句应该是设置健康界限的重要性，D项“因此，在社会活动中，设定健康的界限是至关重要的”符合语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 设空处为段首句。根据下一句“The way you set them reflects your attitude to taking responsibility in life.(你设定它们的方式反映了你对生活负责的态度)”中的代词“them”指代和“Taking the time to think about your wants and needs in different situations will help you understand how your values influence boundary-setting.(花点时间想想自己在不同情况下的愿望和需求，这将有助于你理解你的价值观是如何影响边界设置的)”可知，设空处应该指的是“确立健康界限”相关的内容。再结合第三段第一句过渡句“Once you have identified your boundaries, it is important to communicate them effectively. (一旦你确定了你的界限，有效地与他们沟通是很重要的)”可确定，第二段主旨为“identify your boundaries”。B项“首先，你应该确定你的个人界限”符合语境，故选B。 【18题详解】 设空处为段中句。根据本段中心句“Once you have identified your boundaries, it is important to communicate them effectively. (一旦你确定了你的界限，有效地与他们沟通是很重要的)”可知，本段强调交流健康界限的重要性。再结合下文“Express your ideas in an open and straightforward manner; speak up for yourself so that others can hear, understand and respect your needs.(以开放和直接的方式表达你的想法;为自己说话，这样别人才能听到、理解和尊重你的需求)”介绍该如何去交流——要开放直率、要为自己发声、要学会让步——可知，中间句应该承上启下，说明交流健康界限时应该注意忠于自我和尊重他人。A项“诚实和尊重在这一过程中起着至关重要的作用”符合语境，故选A。 【19题详解】 设空处为段尾句，应承接上文；根据上文“Additionally, take a step back if tensions arise during a conversation about setting boundaries. Allow yourself or the other person to cool down before restarting the conversation.(此外，如果在设定界限的谈话中出现紧张，请退一步。在重新开始谈话之前，让自己或对方冷静下来)”推知，下文应陈述让自己或对方冷静下来的好处。F项“这有助于找到有关边界设置问题的可能解决方案”说明上文保持冷静的意义，故选F。 【20题详解】 设空处为段中句。根据本段中心句“When learning how to set healthy boundaries, it is essential to learn how to say “no”.(当学习如何设定健康的界限时，学习如何说“不”是很重要的)”可知，本段介绍在交流健康界限时“说不”的重要性。根据设空处下一句“If the situation persists, remove yourself from it respectfully.(如果这种情况持续存在，恭敬地从这种情况中脱离)”可知，上一句应该提到一种需要你“说不”的情况，C项“当你觉得有人越界了，提醒他们”符合语境，故选C。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Have you seen the incredible guitar playing of man born with no arms? The musician who was born without arms is being ___21___ for his greatest guitar-playing skills in a short documentary (纪实的) video which shows him playing the instrument with his ___22___. Mark Goffeney, 46 of San Diego, who is ___23___ as “Big Toe” because of the way he plays the guitar, shows how he became a talented performer despite his ___24___ in the inspiring video. “I first ___25___ the instrument when I was nine, after my father brought home a beat-up ___26___ with only four strings. My first guitar came from some place like a landfill (垃圾场),” says Mark, who adds that he became “___27___” about becoming a musician at age 12. Mark devoted every waking hour to searching his town and trying to join a ___28___, but ran into ___29___ because of his disability. Therefore, he started his own rock band, called Wicked Misfit, and began booking gigs (特约演奏) in California. Things were ____30____ professionally for Mark because of his disability. But everything ____31____ when he started playing music from the heart. “When I ____32____ pursuing this fantasy dream of being a rock star and just started playing music to make whatever milk money I could to support my family, everything started feeling good and ____33____ out for me,” he shares. Today, Mark ____34____ with his band, Big Toe, and also becomes a street-performer in California, where he makes quite good money ____35____ by passers-by. 21. A. praised B. prepared C. chosen D. named 22. A. arms B. hands C. feet D. fingers 23. A. treated B. ignored C. known D. served 24. A. suffering B. injury C. courage D. disability 25. A. dealt with B. took up C. set down D. picked out 26. A. guitar B. piano C. violin D. drum 27. A. doubtful B. worried C. curious D. serious 28. A. society B. band C. party D. family 29. A. comments B. activities C. difficulties D. chances 30. A. encouraging B. interesting C. easy D. tough 31. A. paused B. changed C. happened D. formed 32. A. stopped B. began C. enjoyed D. finished 33. A. figuring B. working C. looking D. trying 34. A. connects B. meets C. performs D. communicates 35. A. donated B. required C. charged D. raised 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了天生失去双臂的音乐家Mark Goffeney靠自己的双脚演奏出动人的音乐，创建了自己的乐队，成为成功的街头艺人。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位天生没有手臂的音乐家在一段简短的纪录片中因其最高超的吉他演奏技巧而受到赞扬，视频中他用脚演奏吉他。A. praised称赞，表扬；B. prepared准备；C. chosen选择；D. named命名。根据上文中的“Have you seen the incredible guitar playing of man born with no arms?”可知，此处使用提问的方式引出本文介绍的是一位天生没有双臂的吉他手，结合下文中的“for his greatest guitar-playing skills in a short documentary (纪实的) video”可推断，此处指的是人们对他高超的演奏技巧大加“称赞”。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位天生没有手臂的音乐家在一段简短的纪录片中因其最高超的吉他演奏技巧而受到赞扬，视频中他用脚演奏吉他。A. arms胳膊；B. hands手；C. feet脚；D. fingers手指。根据上文中的“The musician who was born without arms”以及下文中的“Mark Goffeney, 46 of San Diego, who is ___3___ as “Big Toe” because of the way he plays the guitar”可知，Mark Goffeney没有双臂，由此可知，此处指的是用“脚”弹奏吉他。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：来自圣地亚哥46岁的Mark Goffeney因为用脚演奏吉他的方式而被称为“大脚趾”，在这个鼓舞人心的视频中展示了他如何在自身残疾的情况下成为一个有才华的演奏家的。A. treated对待，治疗；B. ignored忽视；C. known知道，把……称作；D. served服务。根据下文中的“as “Big Toe” because of the way he plays the guitar”可知，由于他弹奏吉他的方式而被称为“大脚趾”符合语境，be known as意为“被称为”。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自圣地亚哥46岁的Mark Goffeney因为用脚演奏吉他的方式而被称为“大脚趾”，在这个鼓舞人心的视频中展示了他如何在自身残疾的情况下成为一个有才华的演奏家的。A. suffering遭遇；B. injury受伤；C. courage勇气；D. disability残疾。根据上文中的“The musician who was born without arms”以及下文中的“because of his disability”可知，他缺失双臂，天生残疾，所以此处指的是“残疾”。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“我第一次接受这种乐器是在我九岁的时候，当时我父亲带回家一把只有四根弦的破吉他。我的第一把吉他来自一个类似垃圾填埋场的地方，”Mark说，他补充说，他在12岁时才开始“认真”地想成为一名音乐家。A. dealt with处理；B. took up拿起，接受，开始从事；C. set down记下；D. picked out挑出。根据上文中的first以及下文中的“after my father brought home a beat-up ___6___ with only four strings.”可知，此处描述的是Mark Goffeney初次开始接触吉他的经历。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我第一次接受这种乐器是在我九岁的时候，当时我父亲带回家一把只有四根弦的破吉他。我的第一把吉他来自一个类似垃圾填埋场的地方，”Mark说，他补充说，他在12岁时才开始“认真”地想成为一名音乐家。A. guitar吉他；B. piano钢琴；C. violin小提琴；D. drum鼓。根据语境和下文中的“My first guitar came from some place like a landfill (垃圾场),” says Mark”以及文章内容可知，文中介绍的是Mark没有双臂用脚演奏吉他的故事，所以此处介绍的是他的第一把吉他的来源，由此可知，此处指的是“吉他”。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我第一次接触这种乐器是在我九岁的时候，当时我父亲带回家一把只有四根弦的破吉他。我的第一把吉他来自一个类似垃圾填埋场的地方，”Mark说，他补充说，他在12岁时才开始“认真”地想成为一名音乐家。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. worried担忧的；C. curious好奇的；D. serious认真的，严肃的。根据下文中的“Mark devoted every waking hour to searching his town and trying to join a ___8___ , but ran into ___9___ because of his disability.”可知，Mark把所有醒着的时间搜索小镇尝试加入乐队，由此可推断，此处指的是Mark在12岁开始对成为音乐家这件事变得“认真”起来。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mark把醒着的每一个小时用来在他居住的小镇搜寻，尝试去加入一个乐队，但由于他的残疾，困难重重。A. society社会；B. band乐队；C. party聚会；D. family家庭。根据下文中的“Therefore, he started his own rock band, called Wicked Misfit, and began booking gigs (特约演奏) in California.”可知，他创建了自己的乐队，由此可知，之所以创建自己的乐队是由于加入别的乐队无望，所以此处应为“乐队”。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mark把醒着的每一个小时用来在他居住的小镇搜寻，尝试去加入一个乐队，但由于他的残疾，困难重重。A. comments评论；B. activities活动；C. difficulties困难；D. chances机会。根据常识以及下文中的“because of his disability”可知，由于Mark是残疾人，所以他遇到许多“困难”。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于残疾，Mark的职业生涯很艰难。A. encouraging鼓舞人心的；B. interesting有趣的；C. easy容易的；D. tough艰难的。根据下文中的“because of his disability.”可知，由于他的残疾，他的职业生涯应该是很“艰难”。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当他从内心开始演奏音乐时，一切都变了。A. paused暂停；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. formed形成。根据上文中的“Things were ___10___ professionally for Mark because of his disability.”可知，由于残疾，Mark的职业生涯很艰难，结合but以及下文中的“when he started playing music from the heart.”可知，上下文之间为转折关系，虽然职业生涯由于残疾而艰难，但是当他从内心开始演奏音乐时，一切应该是都“改变”了。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他分享说：“当我不再追求成为摇滚明星的梦想，而是开始演奏音乐，赚点牛奶钱来养家糊口时，一切都开始感觉很好，对我来说都很顺利。”A. stopped停止；B. began开始；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. finished完成。根据下文中的“just started playing music to make money to support my family”可知，Mark开始通过音乐谋求生计，由此可知，此处指的是他“停止”追求成为明星的梦想。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他分享说：“当我不再追求成为摇滚明星的梦想，而是开始演奏音乐，赚点牛奶钱来养家糊口时，一切都开始感觉很好，对我来说都很顺利。”A. figuring认为，认定；B. working工作，奏效；C. looking看；D. trying尝试。根据上文中的“everything started feeling good”可知，当Mark改变了想法，所有事情开始好转，work out意为“奏效，好转，顺利”符合语境。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，Mark和他的乐队“大脚趾”一起表演，同时也成为了加州的一名街头表演者，在那里他赚了不少路人捐赠的钱。A. connects连接；B. meets遇到；C. performs表演；D. communicates交流。根据下文中的“with his band, Big Toe, and also becomes a street-performer in California”可知，他和他的乐队成为加利福尼亚的街头艺人，由此可知，此处指的是他和他的乐队一起“表演”。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，Mark和他的乐队“大脚趾”一起表演，同时也成为了加州的一名街头表演者，在那里他赚了不少路人捐赠的钱。A. donated捐赠；B. required需要；C. charged收费；D. raised提高。根据上文中的“becomes a street- performer”可知，他与乐队成为街头艺人，结合下文中的“by passers-by”可知，他的钱是路人的“捐赠”所得。故选A项。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Lee Kai Hung China Culture Gallery, ____36____ (locate) within the Manchester Museum on the campus of Manchester University, is quite special. The gallery does not seem huge when you first enter through its rounded, arched door, ____37____ it has a rich collection of over 300 objects displayed within its 190 square meters. These objects ____38____ paintings, porcelains, etc. are classified into five themes: environment, experiment, movement and migration, trading activities, and common interest in healthcare. These themes are very important as they can help build ____39____ sense of empathy with the visitors. Bryan Sitch, the former curator (馆长) at the gallery ____40____ was named after the sponsor Lee Kai Hung, said that in this way, people from China and the UK can have a better ____41____ (understand) of each other. The gallery aims ____42____ (present) Chinese culture from past to present. It offers a good chance for people to know more about different aspects of Chinese culture. Actually, it plays an important role in cultural ____43____ (exchange) between the two countries. Through these exhibits, visitors can deepen their knowledge of Chinese culture. And it ____44____ (hope) that more people will visit it and appreciate the charm of Chinese culture. It’s really a place that is worth ____45____ (visit). 【答案】36. located 37 but 38. including 39. a 40. which##that 41. understanding 42. to present 43. exchange 44. is hoped 45. visiting 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于曼彻斯特大学校园内曼彻斯特博物馆里的李启鸿中国文化馆，包括其展品、主题、目的及意义等。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：李启鸿中国文化馆位于曼彻斯特大学校园内的曼彻斯特博物馆内，非常特别。本句已有谓语动词is，空处需用非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰名词gallery，locate“把……安置在，把……建造于”与逻辑主语是gallery是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词located，作后置定语。故填located。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意：当你第一次通过它圆形的拱门进入时，这个画廊看起来并不大，但在190平方米的面积内展示了300多件藏品。本空前后之间为转折关系，用连词but连接。故填but。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：这些物品，包括绘画、瓷器等，分为五个主题：环境、实验、运动与迁徙、贸易活动以及对医疗保健的共同兴趣。空处表示“包括”，需用介词including。故填including。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这些主题非常重要，因为它们可以帮助与参观者建立同理心。此处表示泛指“一种同理心”，所以空处需用不定冠词a/an，sense是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以空处需用不定冠词a。故填a。 40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：以赞助商李启鸿命名的画廊前馆长Bryan Sitch说，通过这种方式，中英两国人民可以更好地相互了解。空处引导定语从句，先行词是the gallery，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词which/that引导定语从句。故填which/that。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。空处作动词have的宾语，需用名词understanding“理解”。故填understanding。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：画廊的目的是展示从过去到现在的中国文化。aim to do sth.意为“旨在做某事”，固定搭配，所以空处需用动词present“展示”的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：实际上，它在两国文化交流中发挥着重要作用。本空作in的宾语，用名词exchange。故填exchange。 【44题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：希望更多的人来参观，欣赏中国文化的魅力。本句描述一般是事实，时态用一般现在时，It is hoped that…意为“希望……”，固定句型，此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，与hope为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词需用is。故填is hoped。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这真是一个值得参观的地方。be worth doing sth.意为“值得做某事”，固定搭配，所以空处需用动名词visiting作宾语。故填visiting。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是红星中学高二学生李华，请你给某英文报社编辑写一封信，告诉他你校发起的一次有关出国学习的讨论，信的内容包括： 1.介绍讨论的相关内容（如留学的支持者与反对者的观点等）； 2.表明你自己观点； 3.询问对方的意向。 注意：写作词数为80个左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Dear Editor, I’m writing to tell you a discussion in our school about whether to study at home or abroad. With the deepening of reform and gradual opening up of our country, many people are considering going abroad for further study. However, there are many people who favor studying at home. To begin with, studying abroad costs them an arm and a leg. Besides, it’s easier to develop themselves in familiar surroundings. Just as the saying goes, each advantage has its disadvantage. If the student has the chance and financial resources, they should seize the opportunity to broaden their horizons. Looking forward to knowing your opinion. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学高二学生李华的身份给某英文报社编辑写信，介绍学校发起的关于出国学习的讨论，需说明留学支持者与反对者的观点、表明自身观点并询问对方意向。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 支持：favor → support 环境：surroundings → environment 拓宽视野：broaden their horizons → widen their views 抓住：seize → grasp 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With the deepening of reform and gradual opening up of our country, many people are considering going abroad for further study. 拓展句：As our country’s reform deepens and its opening up progresses gradually, many people are considering going abroad for further study. 【点睛】【高分句型1】However, there are many people who favor studying at home.（运用了who引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】If the student has the chance and financial resources, they should seize the opportunity to broaden their horizons.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句以及不定式短语作定语） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex sat quietly at the back of his Chinese class, his eyes fixed on the textbook before him. As a shy and unnoticed student, he felt like a lone wolf, struggling against the complexities of high school life. Ms Lau, his Chinese teacher, was a light in his otherwise dark world. Her warm smile and gentle behavior made her stand out among the sea of teachers. She was the only one who seemed to understand his conservative nature, always encouraging him to step out of his comfort zone. One day, after class, Ms Lau approached Alex with excitement shining in her eyes. “Alex, I have an offer for you,” she said, her voice filled with enthusiasm. “I am organizing a cultural exchange program to China, and I believe it would be a great opportunity for you to explore a new world.” Alex’s heart skipped a beat, the prospect of traveling to a foreign country both exciting and terrifying. He hesitated, unsure if he had the courage to start such an adventure. But Ms Lau’s firm belief in him gave him the push he needed to take a leap of faith. Under Ms Lau’s guidance, Alex began preparing for the trip. He got really interested in Chinese culture and learned about its long history and traditions. Ms Lau became his mentor(导师), teaching him not only the language but also invaluable life lessons. She taught him the importance of being confident and not giving up, reminding him that growth only happens outside one’s comfort zone. The day of departure arrived, and Alex found himself on a plane headed for China. He couldn’t help but feel amazed as he stepped off the plane and into a world so different from his own. The busy streets, bright colors, and unfamiliar sounds flooded his senses. Yet, Ms Lau’s comforting presence by his side provided him with the strength to face the unknown. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 During their time in China, Alex wholeheartedly enjoyed the experience. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Back in the United States, Alex was a changed person. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He felt so excited that she couldn’t wait to explore China. The high buildings, the modern cities,the picturesque scenery and the advanced technology made Alex really fall in love with this great country. Also, Alex visited several well-known places of interest in China, such as the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and so on, in which he learned much more about Chinese traditional culture and history. Besides that, he enjoyed a lot of Chinese delicious food. He liked the Beijing roast duck best. Most importantly, to his happiness, he made a lot of Chinese friends. They were friendly and kind to him. He was no longer shy and quiet. He became much more confident and outgoing. As soon as he went back to school, he was glad to tell his classmates about his wonderful experience in China.He studied even harder and was also brave to express opinions and ideas in the class, which won popularity among teachers and students. More and more classmates made friends with Alex. He was much happier and more optimistic towards life and future. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Alex这个小男孩经常坐在班级的后面，害羞，不引人注目，没有朋友，像一头孤狼一样独来独往。唯一带给Alex阳光和安慰的是他的语文老师，Ms Lau. Ms Lau鼓励他去参加中国的文化交流项目。中国之行彻底改变了Alex，让他变得阳光开朗。 【详解】段落续写 ①由第一段首句“During their time in China, Alex wholeheartedly enjoyed the experience. ”(在中国期间，亚历克斯非常享受这段经历。)可知，第一段可描写Alex在中国旅行交流的经历。 ②由第二段首句“Back in the United States, Alex was a changed person.”(回到美国，亚历克斯变了一个人。)可知，第二段可描写Alex回到美国后发生的变化。 续写线索：到中国→参观名胜古迹→吃美食→交中国朋友→回到美国→变化 词汇激活 行为类： ①了解：learn about/know about ②表达：speak up/express ③爱上：fall in love with/lose one’s heart to 情绪类： ①开心做某事：be glad to do/be happy to do ②积极乐观的：optimistic/positive ③善良的：kind/nice 【点睛】【高分句型1】He felt so excited that she couldn’t wait to explore China.(运用了so...that引导的结果状语从句) 【高分句型2】Also, Alex visited several well-known places of interest in China, such as the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and so on, in which he learned much more about Chinese traditional culture and history. (运用了in which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型3】As soon as he went back to school, he was glad to tell his classmates about his wonderful experience in China.(运用了as soon as引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型4】He studied even harder and was also brave to express opinions and ideas in the class, which won popularity among teachers and students. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年第一学期高二级英语科12月月考检测 (考试时间：120分钟，满分：150分) 一、阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Dust off your suitcase to set up your out - of - office. The UK has some hidden places worthy of a short vacation. The following are the stylish accommodations you can choose during your vacation. The Cow Shed in Woodbridge Mixing caravan (大篷车) life and camping together, the Cow Shed could only be designed in a child’s imagination. And of course, it’s situated on a farm to provide the full experience. It sleeps up to four guests, with the interior giving you warm, rustic (淳朴的) atmosphere. Toilet and shower facilities are located on the grounds. The Badger Pod in Achiltibuie If you really fancy going off- grid (脱离电网), this Badger Pod in Achiltibuie, Scotland, is the place for you. A small, remote village on the North - West coast of the Scottish Highlands, you’ll be far away from all your day - to - day stresses. Sleeping two guests in an outsized bed, it is perfect for a couple’s retreat away from the family. The Moon Conker in Llanafan- fawr Located in a small rural village in Wales, the Moon Conker is the perfect place to unwind and rest away from busy day - to - day life and be at one with nature. Sleeping two guests in a super king - sized bed for extra comfort, you can observe the night sky through one of the many skylights in the Conker. The Riverside Cabin in Cornwall Found right on the edge of a stream in prime, picturesque Cornish countryside, the Riverside Cabin is the kind of delightful escape many people dream of. This place is cosy yet airy. It’s just a 20- minute drive to Falmouth, an art y coastal town that’s full of small independent bars and restaurants. 1. What is special about the Cow Shed in Woodbridge? A. It is located on a farm. B. Its toilet is put on the grounds. C. It has home atmosphere. D. It combines caravan life with camping. 2. What do the four places have in common? A. They are on the coast. B. They sleep up to four guests. C. They are imaginative in shapes. D. They allow travelers to embrace nature. 3. Where can the text be found? A. In a history book. B. In a travel brochure. C. In a geography magazine. D. In an adventurous story. B In a heartwarming tale from Georgia, a 72-year-old senior recently celebrated his college graduation in cinema studies, an achievement made even more special by the presence of his proud 99-year-old mother. Sam Kaplan of Lawrenceville decided to start on his educational journey at Georgia Gwinnett College in 2019 half a century after he had firstly chosen not to get higher education following his high school graduation in 1969. The catalyst for his return to academia came when he heard a radio announcement about a degree programme in cinema studies. Recalling that moment, Kaplan said, “I was driving down the highway when I heard about the degree programme. The next exit led to Collinsville, so I immediately exited, and within five minutes, I was enrolling in classes. I’ve always had a passion for writing and storytelling. I longed to transform my narratives into screenplays, but I realized I needed the basic knowledge to do so.” Kaplan admitted that the journey was a mix of anxiety and excitement, but it proved to be greatly rewarding. He graduated with a 3.975 grade point average and perfect grade honours; majoring in cinema and media arts, and had desires to continue creating screenplays in the future. “It was an exciting and nerve-wracking (神经紧张的) challenge. Re-recognizing myself with the art of studying and communicating with fellow students was a lot of fun,” he told FOX5 Atlanta. The most heartwarming thing of Kaplan’s graduation day was the presence of his mother, 99-year-old Virginia Kaplan, during the ceremony. Virginia expressed her huge pride, saying, “I am so proud of him. He faced numerous challenges but insisted, and I am delighted, pleased, and extremely proud.” The mother also added, “With his new degree, he’s going to stand out in whatever he does. Who knows, I might even make an appearance in the movies.” 4. What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To provide background information. B. To introduce the main idea. C. To serve as a comment on education. D. To set an example for the old. 5. What aroused his desire to attend college at such old age? A. His accidental access to a radio programme. B. His anxiety about his retirement. C. His mother’s timely encouragement. D. His regretful life experiences as a story-teller. 6. What do we infer from the last paragraph? A. The mother desires to star in a film. B. Kaplan takes much pride in himself. C. Kaplan is excellent at whatever he does. D. Kaplan’s mother offers him unshakeable support. 7. What can we conclude from the text? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. It’s never too late to follow a dream. C The good seaman is known in bad weather. D. All things in their being are good for something. C Human history is full of horse stories like guiding cowboys home on foggy nights and taking wounded soldiers through battle zones. Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina Jatel, a computer scientist and roboticist, think of robots. “A horse that can take a rider home on its own would be the highest level of autonomy,” Jatel says. “You trust them with your life.” She was drawn to learning how such relationships form and if it could help improve human-robot interactions. For a year, Jatel engaged herself in the horse world. She watched classes in horse training, and she also talked with students, instructors, trainers and horse owners. Along the way, Jatel even learned to ride. Horses learn signals from their trainers on how to comfortably interact with people. People, too, must learn their part. Riders must learn what a horse wants or feels based on its behavior, and what signals to use to direct horses to perform in desired ways. Jatel found some similarities, here, to working with robots. People must learn how to direct robots to do specific tasks. They also must learn what to do when robots don’t perform as planned. The goal is to program robots that will respond predictably to inputs from people. But like horses, autonomous robots also should be able to respond on their own as conditions change. For example, a self-driving car must stop to avoid hitting something, even if some human mistakenly tells it to keep going. Trainers and riders work with horses to build respect. Horses show that respect by matching their pace to a human or giving someone who is leading them a safe degree of personal space. Trainers begin their work with a horse by getting them to show signs of respect in basic interactions, Jatel says. Later, trainers will develop more complex interactions. Gradually, a horse’s respect can grow into trust. But that trust is not given. And there may be a similar limitation with robots. What would it mean for robots and people to respect and trust each other? For now, she adds, this is largely uncharted territory. But she’s looking to build a path. 8. What drew Elina Jatel’s attention to horses? A. Horses’ amazing performance. B. Long history of horse training. C. Horse-human interdependence. D. Her horse-riding experience. 9. What are the robots of the highest autonomy designed to do? A. To act like real horses. B. To show respect to humans. C. To follow instructions from humans. D. To make independent and sensible decisions. 10. What will Jatel’s future research most probably focus on? A. The limitations of robots. B. Trust between robots and humans. C. Path toward higher robot efficiency. D. Similarities between horses and robots. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. History of Human-Horse Relationship B. Secrets of Human-Animal Interactions C. The Role of Trust in Human-Robot Partnerships D. Horses as the Inspiration for Autonomous Robots D What’s your opinion on spicy food? Some people cannot handle even the smallest amount of chili peppers in their dinner while others can’t get enough of them. Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love the chili while others loathe it. Plenty of research has been done on the subject, dating as far back as the 1970s. Previous results showed that a love of chilies is related to childhood experiences, and that cultural influences affect our taste too. But the latest study has found that a person’s love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else, CBC News reported. “We have always assumed that liking contributes to intake —— we eat what we are fond of and we like what we consume. But no one has actually directly bothered to relate personality to intake of chili peppers,” said Professor John E. Hayes from Pennsylvania State University, who led the study. But before you look at the study, you should first know that “spicy” is not a taste, unlike sour, sweet, bitter and salty taste. It is, in fact, a burning feeling that you feel on the surface of your tongue. This got scientists thinking that maybe a love of spicy food is brought about by people’s longing for thrill, something they usually get from watching action movies or riding a roller coaster. In the study, 97 subjects, both male and female, were asked to fill out questionnaires about their personality, for example, whether they are keen on new experiences or tend to avoid risks. They were then given a glass of water with capsaicin, the plant chemical that makes a chili burn, mixed into it. By comparing the answers to the questionnaire and what participants said they felt about the spicy water, researchers found that those who tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water. Interestingly, we used to believe that the reason why some people can stand spicy food is that their tongues have become less sensitive to it. However, this latest study has found otherwise. “It’s not that it doesn’t burn as badly, but that you actually learn to like the burning feeling,” Hayes explained. 12. Which can take the place of the underlined word “loathe” in Paragraph 2? A. dislike. B. seek. C. accept. D. harvest. 13. What did Professor John E. Hayes and his team discover from their study? A. What we eat actually helps develop our personality. B. Males prefer spicy food than females. C. Those avoiding risks tend to hate spicy food. D. It’s wrong to treat “spicy” as a feeling. 14. Why do some people like spicy food according to the recent study? A. Because their tongues have become less sensitive. B. Because they are lacking in appetite. C. Because they want to challenge themselves. D. Because they love the burning feeling. 15. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. What to eat mainly depends on personality. B. Preference for spicy food relies largely on personality. C. Taste has nothing to with one’s experiences. D. Different people have different taste. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Boundaries are personal guidelines that define what is and isn’t okay in your interpersonal relationships. As everyone has different needs and comfort levels, they may appear different for each person. Having healthy boundaries may provide such benefits as avoiding burnout, boosting self-esteem and maintaining personal space. ____16____ After setting your boundaries, it’s helpful to review them on a regular basis to remain relevant to your life circumstances. ____17____ The way you set them reflects your attitude to taking responsibility in life. Taking the time to think about your wants and needs in different situations will help you understand how your values influence boundary-setting. Once you have made the list of your values, needs, and wants, use that knowledge to establish clear boundaries that respect yourself and those around you. Once you have identified your boundaries, it is important to communicate them effectively. ____18____Express your ideas in an open and straightforward manner; speak up for yourself so that others can hear, understand and respect your needs. Additionally, take a step back if tensions arise during a conversation about setting boundaries. Allow yourself or the other person to cool down before restarting the conversation. ____19____ When learning how to set healthy boundaries, it is essential to learn how to say “no”. Saying “yes” to everything can lead to stress, burnout, and frustration. It is important to understand what you consider acceptable and unacceptable, setting limits that reflect those standards. ____20____ If the situation persists, remove yourself from it respectfully. You deserve more than surrounding yourself with people who don’t value your values. A. Honesty and respect play an essential key role in the process. B. Initially, you are supposed to identify your personal boundaries. C. When you feel that someone has crossed your boundaries, remind them. D. Therefore, setting healthy boundaries is of vital importance in social activities. E. Keep saying “no” to things you disapprove of helps to understand yourself better. F. This contributes to finding possible solutions to issues regarding boundary-setting. G. Pick up the conversation unless there appears another argument needed to be settled. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Have you seen the incredible guitar playing of man born with no arms? The musician who was born without arms is being ___21___ for his greatest guitar-playing skills in a short documentary (纪实的) video which shows him playing the instrument with his ___22___. Mark Goffeney, 46 of San Diego, who is ___23___ as “Big Toe” because of the way he plays the guitar, shows how he became a talented performer despite his ___24___ in the inspiring video. “I first ___25___ the instrument when I was nine, after my father brought home a beat-up ___26___ with only four strings. My first guitar came from some place like a landfill (垃圾场),” says Mark, who adds that he became “___27___” about becoming a musician at age 12. Mark devoted every waking hour to searching his town and trying to join a ___28___, but ran into ___29___ because of his disability. Therefore, he started his own rock band, called Wicked Misfit, and began booking gigs (特约演奏) in California. Things were ____30____ professionally for Mark because of his disability. But everything ____31____ when he started playing music from the heart. “When I ____32____ pursuing this fantasy dream of being a rock star and just started playing music to make whatever milk money I could to support my family, everything started feeling good and ____33____ out for me,” he shares. Today Mark ____34____ with his band, Big Toe, and also becomes a street-performer in California, where he makes quite good money ____35____ by passers-by. 21. A. praised B. prepared C. chosen D. named 22. A. arms B. hands C. feet D. fingers 23. A. treated B. ignored C. known D. served 24. A. suffering B. injury C. courage D. disability 25. A. dealt with B. took up C. set down D. picked out 26 A. guitar B. piano C. violin D. drum 27. A. doubtful B. worried C. curious D. serious 28. A. society B. band C. party D. family 29. A. comments B. activities C. difficulties D. chances 30. A. encouraging B. interesting C. easy D. tough 31. A. paused B. changed C. happened D. formed 32. A. stopped B. began C. enjoyed D. finished 33. A. figuring B. working C. looking D. trying 34. A. connects B. meets C. performs D. communicates 35. A. donated B. required C. charged D. raised 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Lee Kai Hung China Culture Gallery, ____36____ (locate) within the Manchester Museum on the campus of Manchester University, is quite special. The gallery does not seem huge when you first enter through its rounded, arched door, ____37____ it has a rich collection of over 300 objects displayed within its 190 square meters. These objects ____38____ paintings, porcelains, etc. are classified into five themes: environment, experiment, movement and migration, trading activities, and common interest in healthcare. These themes are very important as they can help build ____39____ sense of empathy with the visitors. Bryan Sitch, the former curator (馆长) at the gallery ____40____ was named after the sponsor Lee Kai Hung, said that in this way, people from China and the UK can have a better ____41____ (understand) of each other. The gallery aims ____42____ (present) Chinese culture from past to present. It offers a good chance for people to know more about different aspects of Chinese culture. Actually, it plays an important role in cultural ____43____ (exchange) between the two countries. Through these exhibits, visitors can deepen their knowledge of Chinese culture. And it ____44____ (hope) that more people will visit it and appreciate the charm of Chinese culture. It’s really a place that is worth ____45____ (visit). 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是红星中学高二学生李华，请你给某英文报社编辑写一封信，告诉他你校发起的一次有关出国学习的讨论，信的内容包括： 1.介绍讨论的相关内容（如留学的支持者与反对者的观点等）； 2.表明你自己的观点； 3.询问对方的意向。 注意：写作词数为80个左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex sat quietly at the back of his Chinese class, his eyes fixed on the textbook before him. As a shy and unnoticed student, he felt like a lone wolf, struggling against the complexities of high school life. Ms Lau, his Chinese teacher, was a light in his otherwise dark world. Her warm smile and gentle behavior made her stand out among the sea of teachers. She was the only one who seemed to understand his conservative nature, always encouraging him to step out of his comfort zone. One day, after class, Ms Lau approached Alex with excitement shining in her eyes. “Alex, I have an offer for you,” she said, her voice filled with enthusiasm. “I am organizing a cultural exchange program to China, and I believe it would be a great opportunity for you to explore a new world.” Alex’s heart skipped a beat, the prospect of traveling to a foreign country both exciting and terrifying. He hesitated, unsure if he had the courage to start such an adventure. But Ms Lau’s firm belief in him gave him the push he needed to take a leap of faith. Under Ms Lau’s guidance, Alex began preparing for the trip. He got really interested in Chinese culture and learned about its long history and traditions. Ms Lau became his mentor(导师), teaching him not only the language but also invaluable life lessons. She taught him the importance of being confident and not giving up, reminding him that growth only happens outside one’s comfort zone. The day of departure arrived and Alex found himself on a plane headed for China. He couldn’t help but feel amazed as he stepped off the plane and into a world so different from his own. The busy streets, bright colors, and unfamiliar sounds flooded his senses. Yet, Ms Lau’s comforting presence by his side provided him with the strength to face the unknown. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 During their time in China, Alex wholeheartedly enjoyed the experience. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Back in the United States, Alex was a changed person. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $