主题群7 主题13 敬畏自然，保护环境(课件PPT)-【思而优·中考突破】2026年中考英语总复习（广东专用）

该初中英语中考复习课件聚焦“人与自然”主题群，覆盖自然生态、环境保护核心考点，对接新课标要求，整合七至九年级相关教材单元，系统梳理国家与民族、自然景观等主题词汇及比较级、环保措施等核心句式，分析近5年中考真题（2021-2025阅读理解B篇），归纳说明文、议论文、记叙文三大文体及语法选择、完形填空等常考题型，体现中考备考的针对性。 课件亮点在于“真题实战+素养提升”，如语法选择通过环保活动案例训练时态、介词运用（第3题read的一般过去时，第5题by表方式），完形填空结合Ghana海滩污染案例培养逻辑思维，阅读理解湿地作用题（第1题海绵比喻理解）提升信息获取能力。书面表达“旧物循环”演讲指导，融合recycle、reuse词汇及祈使句呼吁，落实语言能力与文化意识。助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可依此开展专题训练，高效冲刺中考。

26版·英语课件 第三节 人与自然 主题群7 自然生态 & 主题群8 环境保护 主题13 敬畏自然，保护环境 第一部分 主题突破 目录 01 主题解读 02 教材链接 04 主题句式 05 语篇精练 03 主题词汇 目录 主题解读 目录 教材链接 目录 目录 Units Topics Modules Themes 七下U5 Animals in a zoo 七下U7 The weather 八下U7 Facts about the world 九全U13 Protecting the environment / / / / 七上M6 Animals 八上M2 Living environment 八上M6 Animals 八上M10 Weather 八下M8 Tourism and nature 九上M1 Nature and travel 九上M10 Countries and nationalities 九上M12 Environmental protection 主题词汇 目录 目录 1.　　 n. 国家；民族 2.　　 n. 国家 3.　　 n. 首都；国都 4.　　 n.世界 5.　　 n. 州 6.　　 n. 地域；地区 7.　　 n. 亚洲 8.　　 n. 欧洲 nation country capital world state area Asia Europe 目录 9.　　 n. 美国；美洲 10.　　 n. 非洲 11.　 　 n. 南极洲 12.　　 n. 中国 13.　　 n. 德国 14.　　 n. 俄罗斯 15.　　 n. 印度 16.　　 n. 英格兰 America Africa Antarctica China Germany Russia India England 目录 17.　　 n. 意大利 18.　　 n. 日本 19.　　 n. 澳大利亚 20.　　 n. 加拿大 21.　　 n. 法国 22.　　 n. 新加坡 23.　 　 n. 中国人 Italy Japan Australia Canada France Singapore Chinese 目录 24.　　 adj.亚洲(人)的 n. 亚洲人 25.　　 adj.欧洲(人)的 n. 欧洲人 26.　　 adj.美国的；美洲的 n. 美国人；美洲人 27.　　 adj. 非洲(人)的n. 非洲人国家与民族 28. 　　 adj.德国的；德语的；德国人的 n.德语；德国人 Asian European American African German 目录 29. 　　 adj.俄罗斯的 n.俄罗斯人；俄语 30. 　 　 adj.印度的 n.印度人 31. 　　 adj.意大利(人)的 n.意大利人；意大利语 32. 　 　 n.新加坡人 Russian Indian Italian Singaporean 目录 33. 　 　 adj.日本的；日本人的；日语的 n.日本人；日语 34. 　　 adj.澳大利亚的；澳大利亚人的 n.澳大利亚人 35. 　 　 adj.加拿大的；加拿大人的 n.加拿大人 36. 　　 n.英国人 37. 　　 n.法国人 Japanese Australian Canadian Englishman Frenchman 目录 1. 　　 n.自然界；大自然 2. 　　 n.乡村；农村 3. 　　 n.风景；景色 4. 　　 n.森林 5. 　　 n.海；海洋 6. 　　 n.高山 7. 　　 n.陆地 8. 　　 n.沙漠 nature countryside landscape forest sea mountain land desert 9. 　 　 n.岩石 10. 　　 n.田野；场地 11. 　　 n.石头 12. 　 n.油；食用油；石油 13. 　　 n.煤；煤块 14. 　　 n.金子；金币 adj.金色的 15. _　　 n.银；银器 adj.银色的 rock field stone oil coal gold silver 目录 1. 　　 n.动物 2. 　　 n.植物 v.种植 3. 　　 n.树 4. 　　 n.花 5. 　　 n.草；草地 6. 　　 n.竹子 7. 　　 n.玫瑰；蔷薇 8. 　　 n.叶；叶子 animal plant tree flower grass bamboo rose leaf 9. 　 　 n.棉；棉花 10. 　 　 n.鹰 11. 　　 n.企鹅 12. 　　 n.鲸 13. 　　 n.狮子 14. 　　 n.狼 15. 　　 n.昆虫 16. 　　 n.蚂蚁 cotton eagle penguin whale lion wolf insect ant 目录 17. 　　 n.老虎 18. 　　 n.狗 19. 　　 n.猫 20. 　　 n.羊；绵羊 21. 　 　 n.长颈鹿 22. 　　 n.蛇 23. 　　 n.狐狸 24. 　　 n.蜜蜂 tiger dog cat sheep giraffe snake fox bee 25. 　　 n.蝴蝶 26. 　　 n.大象 27. 　　 n.熊猫 28. 　　 n.苍蝇 29. 　　 n.鲨鱼 30. 　　 n.尾巴 31. 　　 n.(鱼)鳍 32. 　　 n.翅膀；翼 butterfly elephant panda fly shark tail fin wing 目录 33. 　　 adj.野生的 34. 　　 adj.濒危的 wild endangered 目录 1. 　　 n.环境 2. 　　 n.垃圾箱 3. 　 　 n.金属 4. 　　 n.污染；污染物 5. 　　 n.力量；精力 6. 　　 n.工业；行业 7. 　 　 n.塑料；塑胶 adj.塑料的 environment bin metal pollution energy industry plastic 目录 8. 　　 n.垃圾；废弃物 9. 　　 n.垃圾；废弃物 v.乱扔 10. 　 　 n.浪费；垃圾 v.浪费；滥用 11. 　　 v.减少 12. 　　 v.再次使用；重复利用 13. 　　 v.回收利用；再利用 14. 　 　 adj.可重复使用的；可再次使用的 rubbish/trash litter waste reduce reuse recycle reusable 目录 1. 　　 n.气候 2. 　　 n.天气 3. 　　 n.季；季节 4. 　　 n.春天；春季 5. 　　 n.夏天；夏季 6. 　　 n.秋天；秋季 7. 　　 n.冬天；冬季 8. 　　 n.伞；雨伞 climate weather season spring summer autumn/fall winter umbrella 9. 　　 n.云；云朵 10. 　　 n.雾 11. 　　 n.风 12. 　　 n.闪电 13. 　　 n.雷声 v.打雷 14. 　　 v.下雨 n.雨水 15. 　 　 v.下雪 n.雪 16. 　　 v.结冰 cloud fog wind lightning thunder rain snow freeze 目录 17. 　 　 adj.温暖的 18. 　 　 adj.寒冷的；冷的 19. 　　 adj.热的 20. 　　 adj.干燥的 21. 　　 adj.湿的；潮湿的；下雨的 22. 　　 adj.晴朗的 23. 　　 adj.有雾的 24. 　　 adj.多云的 warm cold hot dry wet sunny foggy cloudy 25. 　　 adj.多风的 26. 　　 adj.阴雨的；多雨的 27. 　　 adj.下雪的 windy rainy snowy 目录 主题句式 1. 深圳的人口要比中国其他许多城市的人口都要多。(WY八上M2) The 　 　 of Shenzhen is 　　 　 　 that of many other cities in China. 2. 在我看来，长城是世界上最伟大的人造奇观。(WY九上M1) 　　 　　 　　 ，the Great Wall is the greatest man-made wonder in the world. 3. 它比其他任何一座山都要高。(RJ八下U7) It’s 　　 　　 any other mountain. 目录 population larger than In my opinion higher than 4. 天气怎么样？(RJ七下U7) 　　 　　 the weather? 5. 约翰喜欢考拉，因为它们很可爱。(RJ七下U5) John likes koalas 　　 they are very 　 　. 6. 老虎经常抓许多种类的动物为食。(WY七上M6) The tiger often 　　 many kinds of animals 　　 food. 7. 人们砍伐了很多树，因此大象正在失去它们的家园。(RJ七下U5) People 　　 　 　 many trees 　　 elephants are losing their homes. 目录 How is because cute catches for cut down so 8. 为了保护野生大熊猫，政府正在建立自然公园并制定其他计划。(WY八上M6) 　　 　　 　　 protect pandas in the wild，the government is 　　 . 　　 nature parks and developing other plans. 9. 没有科学研究表明鲨鱼鳍对健康有益。(RJ九全U13) No scientific studies have shown that shark fins 　　 　　 　　 health. 10. 我们想要拯救大象。(RJ七下U5) We want 　　 　　 the elephants. 目录 In order to setting up are good for to save 语篇精练 目录 目录 一、语法选择 体裁｜记叙文 子主题｜环保意识和行为 难度｜★★★☆☆ 词数｜约210 For the past few months，Abe Rosenberg has been standing on a US street with a sign that says “Drive Less，Walk More”. “The young activist(活动人士)is 　 1　 Grade-7 student from Main Street Middle School in Vermont. Holding the sign is one of his 　 2　 to make people think more about climate change，” a news service reported. A few years ago，he 　 3　 a book about 16 young people who took action on climate change. Their stories encouraged him 　 4　 something similar. ( )1. A. a B. an C. the ( )2. A. way B. ways C. ways’ ( )3. A. read B. has read C. is reading ( )4. A. do B. to do C. doing 目录 A B A B Rosenberg started 　 5　 becoming a vegetarian(素食主义者). The UN says eating plant-based foods is a good way to live green，　 6　 they use less energy，land and water. ( )5. A. by B. for C. to ( )6. A. though B. if C. because 目录 A C Then he made a plan to run 100 miles and set up a website to get sponsorships(赞助). But actually，he did even 　 7　. He ran 180 miles and about $3，600 　 8　. The money was to help find out more clean energy. ( )7. A. well B. better C. best ( )8. A. are raised B. were raising C. were raised 目录 B C Though he’s working hard to make a difference，Rosenberg doesn’t let it go to 　 9　 head. “I just tried to find 　 10　 I could do to improve the environment，” he said. “He cares a lot about many things，” said his school teacher. “And he’s always real about it.” ( )9. A. him B. his C. himself ( )10. A. what B. when C. where 目录 B A 目录 二、完形填空(2025·黑龙江改编) 体裁｜应用文 子主题｜环境污染及原因 难度｜★★★☆☆ 词数｜约220 Dear editor， Fashion is the second most polluting industry. People just keep on buying new clothes and throwing them away or giving them away to charity shops. I don’t think people know how much clothing pollution is 　 1　 our earth. I decide to write this 　 2　 because I hope more people around my age will read it. Then together we can make a(n) 　 3　. ( )1. A. supporting B. hurting C. collecting D. sweeping ( )2. A. letter B. novel C. sentence D. story ( )3. A. difference B. importance C. wish D. joke 目录 B A A 　 4　，the beaches of an African country—Ghana，are badly polluted now. Every week，millions of clothes from all over the world are 　 5　 to second-hand clothing markets. But about 40% of them leave the markets as waste. However，the city is near the sea，so there’s not 　 6　 space for landfills(垃圾填埋场). This is why a lot of clothing waste ends up on the beach. ( )4. A. Suddenly B. Finally C. Quickly D. Unluckily ( )5. A. pushed B. created C. sent D. found ( )6. A. enough B. empty C. simple D. dangerous 目录 D C A The Citarum River in Indonesia(印度尼西亚)　 7　 water for millions of people. Lots of people use it for almost everything. However，there are many clothing factories pouring their waste into it. This greatly does harm to the people who 　 8　 the river. ( )7. A. advises B. provides C. buys D. invites ( )8. A. worry about B. hand out C. separate from D. depend on 目录 B D To 　 9　 our hope for more new clothes，we are polluting our motherland. This is not right. Without your help，my 　 10　 can’t be heard. Please bring into more people’s attention. Jenny ( )9. A. break B. drive C. satisfy D. carry ( )10. A. voice B. noise C. laughter D. song 目录 C A 目录 三、阅读理解 A(2025·福建) 体裁｜说明文 子主题｜环保意识和行为 难度｜★★☆☆☆ 词数｜约180 The earth is our home. There are some ways that you and your family can use to help the planet and make a difference. 目录 ①Use less water. Take shorter showers. A 10-minute shower or a full bathtub(浴缸)can waste a lot of water. Also，turn off the tap as you brush your teeth. Use less water in the garden and let the rain clean cars. ②Avoid wasting food. Don’t take more than you can eat. About one-third of food in some areas is thrown out or wasted. 目录 ③Care and repair. Take good care of things you own and they will get along life. If they break，try to repair them. If you can’t repair them，call a repairman. Producing new goods will add CO2 to the air. ④Use reusable bags. Use plastic and paper bags more than once. When you go shopping，use cloth bags instead of plastic bags. ⑤Use fewer paper cups. Use reusable cups instead of throwaway paper cups if necessary. If you use more paper cups，you will produce more rubbish. ( )1. What can you do to save water? A. Take shorter showers. B. Bathe in a full bathtub. C. Stop using the tap. D. Clean cars every day. ( )2. What should you do when something breaks? A. Throw it away. B. Repair it if possible. C. Produce new goods. D. Take good care of it. ( )3. What does the writer suggest? A. Using fewer paper cups. B. Using more plastic bags. C. Using throwaway paper cups. D. Using paper bags just once. 目录 A B A ( )4. Which of the following is about reusing things? A. ①④ B. ①⑤ C. ②③ D. ④⑤ ( )5. In which section of a newspaper can you probably read the text? A. Culture. B. Health. C. Sports. D. Environment. 目录 D D 目录 B(2025·江苏改编) 体裁｜说明文 子主题｜不同地区的生态特征与自然景观 难度｜★★★★☆ 词数｜约240 If you search for places of beauty，wetlands probably won’t be high on your list. Wetlands are areas of land that are often completely wet with water. Wetlands appear naturally in almost every part of the world. There are many different kinds of wetlands on Earth. Besides natural wetlands，humans are also creating man-made ones for a number of purposes about water management. Although they might not look very pretty，the roles that they play in nature might go beyond what many people imagine. One of the main advantages of wetlands is that they can prevent floods. Wetlands work similarly to sponge(海绵). When it rains heavily and water levels rise，they 　store　 the water which may cause floods. This prevents water from entering rivers. Then，when water levels become low later，they will release(释放)it. However，it’s important to note that wetlands don’t stop all dangers from flooding. Wetlands also play a part in cleaning water. Farming actions and city waste are main causes of water pollution. Wetlands can reduce this pollution by clearing out unwanted things. 目录 　 ▲　 They can help to feed nearby fish populations by releasing something that can be used as food for them into rivers. Also，many animals like frogs use wetlands as baby-raising grounds because they provide the place for catching food and the water required. Some birds also come to the wetlands for food and shelter. 目录 ( )1. Why does the writer mention “sponge” in Paragraph 2? A. To explain the flood-preventing work of wetlands. B. To describe the sponge’s feature of storing water. C. To show the wetlands look like sponge. D. To compare the similar points between wetlands and sponge. 目录 A ( )2. What does the underlined word “store” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Put on. B. Take in. C. Give away. D. Look for. ( )3. Which of the following can be put in “　 ▲　” in Paragraph 4? A. Everybody should protect wetlands. B. Wetlands can be harmful sometimes. C. Wetlands have other advantages for the environment as well. D. Animals are hard to live without wetlands. 目录 B C ( )4. What can we learn about wetlands from the passage? A. People praise wetlands for their natural beauty. B. People create man-made wetlands to deal with water. C. Wetlands can completely prevent the dangers caused by floods. D. Wetlands can solve the pollution problems. 目录 B ( )5. What is the best title for the passage? A. Wetlands — Circle of Life B. Wetlands — Home of Living Things C. Wetlands — Friend of Earth D. Wetlands — Cleaner of Environment 目录 C 词句分析 “课标有，教材无”单词： flood n. __ __ v. __ ____ 熟词生义： note n. _____ v.指出 raise v. ___ __ v.养育 构词法： _____ _adj.完全的→ completely adv.完全地 ______ v.管理→ management n.经营；管理 _____ _adj.相同的→ similarly adv.同样地 ______ v.污染→ pollution n.污染 目录 洪水；水灾 淹没；泛滥 笔记 提升；举起 complete manage similar pollute 目录 长难句分析： Although they might not look very pretty， the roles that they play in nature might go beyond what many people imagine. 虽然它们可能看起来不太漂亮，但它们在自然界中的作用可能超出了许多人的想象。 让步状语从句 定语从句 宾语从句 目录 C 体裁｜应用文 子主题｜环保意识和行为 难度｜★★★☆☆ 词数｜约290 配对阅读。左栏是五个人的环保做法，右栏是七条理由。请为每个人匹配对应的理由。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ( )1. Ms. Wang never uses plastic bags when shopping. She says，“This way，less plastic ends up in rivers or fields，where they can hurt animals.” ( )2. Mr. Li rides his bike to work every day. He tells others，“Cars make too much bad gas，which is not good for the air we breathe.” A F 目录 ( )3. Students in Class 5 send their old books to children in need. Their teacher says，“We are using things again and not wasting materials like paper or ink.” ( )4. Uncle Zhang plants two trees in his yard every spring. He explains，“Trees help clean the air by taking in bad gases.” ( )5. Aunt Chen puts used cooking oil in a special box and gives it to workers，who turn it into useful things like soap. B C E 目录 A. Using cloth bags instead of plastic ones helps cut down plastic waste. Plastic can harm animals if they eat it. B. Reusing old items like books saves resources (资源). When we reuse things，we don’t need to use new materials to make more. C. Planting trees is good for the environment. They take in harmful gases from the air and give out oxygen(氧气). D. Recycling such as collecting old books is environment-friendly. They are made into new paper in factories. 目录 E. Properly dealing with used cooking oil stops it from causing problems. When recycled，it can be made into new products like cleaning items. F. Riding bikes instead of driving cars reduces the air pollution. Unlike cars，bikes don’t produce anything harmful. G. Using less cooking oil brings less pollution to the air. And eating food with much cooking oil causes health problems to people. 目录 四、短文填空(2025·湖北改编) 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。 体裁｜说明文 子主题｜热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生 难度｜★★★★☆ 词数｜约210 good it foreigner in come with that healthy wide call though if Jasmine(茉莉)，with its sweet smell and white flowers，is loved worldwide. It 1.　 　 to China a long time ago and became part of Chinese culture. came 目录 In Chinese，“jasmine” sounds like “no profit(利润)”. It tells people not to care too much about money. It’s also a symbol of purity(纯洁). A famous Chinese song “Jasmine Flower” shows 2.　　 beauty. This song is so popular 3.　　 it was even used in an Italian opera. It is often the first Chinese song that many 4.　　 learn. good it foreigner in come with that healthy wide call though if its that foreigners 目录 Jasmine grows 5.　 　 in China，mainly in Hengzhou，Guangxi. This area produces 60% of the world’s jasmine，so it is 6.　 　 the “Jasmine Capital of China”. Farmers there now use AI robots to help 7.　　 their work. The robots check 8.　　 the plants are sick by examining the leaves. If there’s a problem，farmers can know it and solve it in time. AI tools study the weather and tell farmers the 9.　 　 time to water the plants. This makes sure the flowers stay 10.　 　 and grow fast. Finally，jasmine flowers are picked gently by AI robots，sent to factories quickly by AI planes and turned into jasmine tea. With smart technology，jasmine flowers bring people more profit. good it foreigner in come with that healthy wide call though if widely called with if best healthy 目录 五、读写综合 A.回答问题 体裁｜说明文 子主题｜环保意识和行为 难度｜★★★☆☆ 词数｜约230 For thousands of years，people have used bamboo to make food，houses，paper and even musical instruments. Now，bamboo has a new job—taking the place of plastic! The world makes about 400 million tons of plastic waste every year. To solve this problem，people in many places are using bamboo as an environment-friendly material. Anji in Zhejiang is a good example. It has 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests. Here，bamboo is already used in many products instead of plastic. “When I was young，bamboo baskets and chairs were very common，” said Bai Xia，a local person in Anji. Bai said over 300 restaurants and hotels in the town use bamboo tables and chairs. 目录 “In local markets，plastic bags have been replaced by bags made from bamboo powder(粉末)，” she said. “These bamboo bags can break down in three months and are stronger than plastic ones.” On farms，the bamboo film(薄膜)is replacing plastic for keeping heat and water. “Because the bamboo film is degradable(可降解的)，farmers don’t need to collect the waste film in fields anymore，”Bai added. Bamboo grows very fast. Trees need over 10 years to grow big，but bamboo only needs 4 to 6 years. 目录 Anji produces 400，000 to 500，000 tons of bamboo every year. As more and more local people work in this industry，bamboo makes them richer and richer. 目录 1. What’s bamboo’s new job? ________________________________________________________________ 2. How many square kilometers of bamboo forests are there in Anji，Zhejiang? ________________________________________________________________ 3. What are the bags made from in local markets? ________________________________________________________________ 目录 It’s taking the place of plastic./Taking the place of plastic. There are 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests./666. They are made from bamboo powder./Bamboo powder. 4. Why do farmers choose to use the bamboo film to keep heat and water in their fields? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. What benefit does bamboo bring to the local people? ________________________________________________________________ 目录 Because the bamboo film is degradable and farmers/they don’t need to collect the waste film in fields anymore. Bamboo/It makes the local people/them richer and richer. B.书面表达 假设你是李华，你校的校园广播站将为全体学生举办以“旧物可循环，环境需守护”为主题的英文演讲活动。请你根据以下思维导图的提示，写一篇英文演讲稿参加活动。 目录 注意：(1)可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 (2)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名和学生的真实姓名。 (3)语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear teachers and classmates， It’s nice to speak here. ... Thank you! 目录 写作突破四步走 第一步：审清题意定基调 文体：　 　 主题：　 　 人称：　 　 时态：　 　 要点：　 　. 目录 应用文 环境保护 第一人称 一般现在时 1.表达个人观点；2.列举实例；3.发出呼吁与表达感受。 目录 第二步：构思列纲建框架 目录 第三步：理清词句展亮点 •词汇： 1.再循环　 　 2.再使用　 　. 3.用过的　 　 4.花盆　 　 . 5.有需求的　 　 6.对……有害　 .. recycle reuse used flower pot in need harm 目录 •句子： 1. 巧用表达“举例”的词块： for example 例如 ［例句］例如，她对自己很严格。 For example， she is strict with herself. ［仿写］例如，我经常把用过的瓶子变成花盆，把我的旧书给有需要的其他人。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ For example，I often turn used bottles into flower pots，and give my old books to others in need. 目录 2. 巧用原因状语从句 ［例句］我最喜爱的科目是英语，因为我的英语老师对我很好。 My favourite subject is English because my English teacher is kind to me. ［仿写］我从不丢弃旧东西，因为这对环境有害。 ______________________________________________________________ I never throw old things away because it harms our environment. 目录 3. 巧用 doing 作主语 ［例句］吃健康的食物是必要的。 Eating healthy food is necessary. ［仿写］保护环境是每个人的工作。 ______________________________________________________________ Protecting the environment is everyone’s job. 目录 4. 巧用祈使句 Let’s ...让我们…… ［例句］让我们更深入地考虑这一点。 Let’s consider this point further. ［仿写］让我们回收可重复使用的东西，或者为它们找到新的用途。 ______________________________________________________________ Let’s recycle reusable things or find new uses for them. 目录 第四步：语段成篇现全文 Dear teachers and classmates， It’s nice to speak here._______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I completely agree to recycle old things and protect the environment well. Old things around us，like bottles and books，are useful.We can reuse them.For example，I often turn used bottles into flower pots，and give my old books to others in need.I never throw old things away because it harms our environment. 目录 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! So let’s start with small things.Let’s recycle reusable things or find new uses for them.Protecting the environment is everyone’s job.Let’s make our world greener together！ (84 words) 本PPT课件由思而优研发制作，仅限思而优配套教学使用。 未经授权，任何人不得以商业目的进行拷贝、转发、转售， 一经发现，我司将追究侵权者的法律责任。 温馨提示 $