专题二 介词 讲义-2026年北京中考英语一轮复习

专题二 介词 考点1 时间介词 介词 用法 示例 in in+世纪/年/季节/月 in the 21st century in 2026 in the spring in March in+泛指的上午/下午/晚上 in the morning/afternoon/evening in+一段时间，表示“……（多久）以后” They will finish the work in an hour. within within+一段时间，表示“在……之内” He finished the report within three days. on on+日期/星期几/含有Day的节日 on June 2nd on Friday on Children's Day on+特定某一天的上午/下午/晚上 on Sunday afternoon at at+具体的时刻 at seven o'clock at a quarter to one 与年龄、三餐、正午、午夜、一些节日等搭配 at the age of five at breakfast at night for for+一段时间 He has studied English for five years. since since+过去的时间，表示“从……以来（直到现在）”，用于现在完成时 He has studied English since2020. during during+一段时间，表示“在……期间”；常与节日搭配 during his stay in Beijing during the Spring Festival by by+时间点,表示“在……以前；到……为止” I will finish the work by Monday. until/till until/till+时间点，表示“直到……（时候）”；not...until...结构表示“直到……才……” I waited for my mother until/till 10 o'clock. I didn't go to bed until 10 o'clock. 考点2 地点介词 1.表示地理位置的in、on、at和to 介词 图解及用法 例句 in 某一小地点在另一大地点之内；用于较大的地方 （如：国家、城市、乡镇、水域等）前 Yunnan is in the southwest of China. on 一地不在另一地范围内，但两地接壤 Hubei is on the north of Hunan. to 不包含，也不接壤 Taiwan is to the southeast of Fujian. at 用于较小的地方（如：学校、机场等）前 I work at a school. 2.表示方位的介词 介词 含义与用法 例句 上 on 表示在宾语的表面上，且相互接触 There is a plate on the table. above 表示在宾语上方，但不必在其垂直上方，不接触 Raise your arms above your head. over 表示在宾语的垂直上方，不接触 There is a bridge over the river. 下 under 表示在宾语的垂直下方，不接触 The ball is under the table. below 表示在宾语的下方，但不必在其垂直下方，且不接触 The bird is flying below the cloud. 前 in front of 表示在宾语的前面，并且在其外面 There are some trees in front of the classroom. in the front of 表示在宾语内部的前面 There's a teacher's desk in the front of the classroom. 后 behind 表示在宾语的后面，并且在其外面 There is a bank behind the post office. 中间 between 表示在两者之间，常与and连用 Maria sits between Lucy and Lily. among 所指范围为三者或三者以上 Miss Wang stands among her students. 对面 opposite 表示“在……对面”，与across from同义 She sat opposite/across from me at the table. 沿着 along 表示“沿着；顺着” He walked along the road. 附近、旁边 near 在……附近 After the accident, her friend sat next to/beside/by/near her all night. Put the bike against the wall. next to 紧邻；在……近旁 by 靠近；在……旁边 beside 在……旁边/附近 against 表示“紧靠；倚” 横过 across 指从事物表面的一边到另一边，用于表示横穿马路、过桥、过河等 He can swim across the river. 穿过 through 指从事物的内部通过 She had to push her way through the crowd to get to her son. 考点3 其他介词 介词 含义与用法 示例 使用、凭借 by 表示使用某种方式或手段，后主要加交通工具/通信工具/动作（常用动词的-ing形式） send the message by radio make money by selling flowers in 表示使用某种语言、材料 sing this song in English write in ink with 表示使用某种具体有形的工具 do homework with a pen through 表示“凭借；由于” You can achieve success only through hard work. He learned to cook through watching his mother in the kitchen. 有、没有 with 表示“带有；和……一起；伴着” Our English teacher came into the classroom with a smile on her face. without 表示“没有；无……相伴” He hurried to school without breakfast. 包括、除了 including 表示“包括” I've got a three-day holiday including New Year's Day.（包括元旦在内我有三天假） besides 表示“除了……之外（包括在内）”， 含有“加”的意思 Besides the lecture， there was a concert. except 表示“除了……之外 （不包括在内）”， 含有“减”的意思 The stores will be open daily except Sundays. 关于 about 表示“关于;对于” Can you tell me something about your life? on 表示“关于” I saw a movie on South Africa last week. ……的 of 表示属于（某人或某物）、关于（某人或某物），意为“……的” the name of the band 目的、对象 to 表示“对；到；给；朝着” He gave a toy bear to his sister. for 表示“为了；对于……来说” It's very important for me. 像 like 表示“相似；类似；像；像……一样；例如” He's very much like his father. as 表示“像；如同；作为”，常与the same连用 You can use that glass as a vase. 数量多少 over 表示“多于（某时间、数量、花费等）” She stayed in Lagos for over a month.（一个多月） He's over sixty.（六十多岁） under 表示数量或年龄等“小于；少于” It took us under an hour.（不到一小时） 赞成；反对 for 表示“赞成”，常与系动词be连用 We are for the idea. against 表示“反对；违反”，还表示“与……竞争；对抗” Mr. Smith is strongly against keeping animals in the zoo. She is willing to play against any tough players. 单选练习（时间介词、地点介词） 1．These Chinese astronauts will stay in the space station _ _ _ _ six months. A．at B．on C．to D．for 2．The Chang'e-6 landed on the far side of the moon _ _ _ _ June 2, 2024. A．at B．on C．to D．in 3．It's a good idea to visit Beijing _ _ _ _ October. A．at B．on C．in D．to 4．We have history class _ _ _ _ three o'clock every Friday afternoon. A．at B．on C．in D．to 5．Space Day of China falls _ _ _ _ April 24th every year. A．on B．by C．at D．in 6．My family will go out for dinner _ _ _ _ my mother's birthday. A．in B．on C．at D．by 7．I watched the movie Nezha 2 _ _ _ _ the cinema with my parents. A．on B．of C．in D．to 8．We usually go hiking _ _ _ _ Sunday afternoons when the weather is fine. A．in B．at C．of D．on 9．You can see people jogging in parks or along city streets _ _ _ _ the morning. A．in B．on C．at D．to 10．This Saturday morning, Lily and Lucy will meet _ _ _ _ the gate of the Olympic Forest Park and jog together. A．in B．on C．at D．to 11．It's a good idea to visit Harbin _ _ _ _ winter. A．at B．on C．in D．to 12．Paris, France hosted the 33rd Summer Olympic Games _ _ _ _ July 26 to August 11, 2024. A．on B．from C．in D．at 语境突破练 一、用合适的介词填空 1．Pupils in England were able to watch a new TV program called Monkey _ _ _ _ November 1979. 2．Lance thought _ _ _ _ a while and remembered that he promised Haley to work on their science project today. 3．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the Spring Festival month, people seldom have their hair cut. 4．Tea is mostly produced _ _ _ _ Asian countries like China and India. 5．As the high-speed trains are available, more and more people come here _ _ _ _ train. 6．Usually kids' body language is the same _ _ _ _ adults', but sometimes it sends a different message. 二、用合适的介词填空 Hi Cassie, I am 1. New Zealand now, staying 2. a very friendly family in the town of Westport. It's quite a big house and my bedroom is 3. the second floor. I like it because the bed is much bigger than the one 4. my room 5. home! 6. the evenings, the family sometimes take me out. I usually go to bed quite early, sleep well and get up 7. about 7:30 a.m. I'm enjoying myself a lot here, but I'm looking forward 8. being home again on August 15th. Write soon! Lily 答案 单选练习 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．C 12．B 语境突破练 一、用合适的介词填空 1．in 2．for 3．During/In 4．in 5．by 6．as 二、用合适的介词填空 1．in 2．with 3．on 4．in 5．at 6．In 7．at 8．to 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $