UNIT 3 外刊撷英-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版）

本讲义以沙特AlUla绿洲的水资源管理为核心，系统梳理从沙漠环境挑战到绿洲形成（地质历史、含水层与地下水位），再到人类水管理智慧（井、坎儿井系统）的发展脉络，辅以词汇注释、语法填空及词义匹配作为学习支架。 该资料以《国家地理》真实文本为载体，通过词汇学习、写作任务提升语言能力，借助AlUla文明案例培育文化意识，分析水管理方法锻炼思维品质。课中助力教师整合语言与文化教学，课后学生可通过词汇表和练习巩固知识、查漏补缺。

AlUla: Mastering the Desert's Water Adapted from National Geographic 202307 Humans can survive longer without food than without water, significantly longer. It's one of the harsh realities that makes the dry deserts of Saudi Arabia (沙特阿拉伯) such a challenging place to live. Then there's the searing① heat in a landscape that offers little shade, and the often infertile sands in which plants struggle to grow. It seems an unlikely place for farms, cities, and civilizations to emerge②. But that's what happened in the AlUla valley between the foothills of Saudi Arabia's Hijaz Mountains. Because even in the desert, there are places where water can be found to nurture③ life and allow plants, animals, and humans to thrive. The AlUla valley cradles④ an oasis⑤， an island of habitable⑥ land amid Saudi Arabia's vast seas of sand, a haven⑦ that can support communities. The story of AlUla begins millions of years ago when a wetter climate carved a huge water catchment (汇水) of great valleys that fed the wadi (干谷) that runs through the region. Much of the water flows through underground systems, becoming trapped and stored as an aquifer⑧. Topped up by distant rains, the aquifer raised the water table⑨ close to the surface to create a wetland in which plants could grow, and to this rare source of food and drink flocked animals and, ultimately, humans. AlUla's earliest inhabitants lived a nomadic⑩ hunter-gatherer lifestyle, perhaps shading beneath trees, and hunting gazelle⑪ while drinking from natural springs⑫ and pooled water at the surface. But AlUla was blessed with⑬ more than water: it also had fertile soils. This enabled later successive⑭ peoples to settle and develop irrigated agriculture, growing crops ranging from palm dates (椰枣) and citrus (柑橘) fruits to wheat and barley (大麦), creating the oasis. In order to sustain an oasis, humans must find, manage, and use the available water wisely. While water bubbling up from natural springs and seasonal rains might temporarily⑮ fill wadis, to make the most of it, people needed to take control of the water. One of the earliest ways was to dig wells. The wells stored vast volumes⑯ of water for long periods, supporting AlUla's people and agriculture. Another sophisticated water-management system emerged: qanats (坎儿井). These gently sloping underground channels tapped into⑰ the water table at a high point, such as at the base of a mountain, and used gravity with a carefully calculated slope to carry the water so that the channel surfaced close to an agricultural plain. AlUla's extensive⑱ network of qanats made it possible to farm large strips of⑲ land. Such major engineering projects, involving immense⑳ collective effort, suggest that improving water supplies was a priority. It's universally recognized today that modern AlUla is still verdant (青翠的) and bountiful， producing 90，000 tons of dates each year. But none of it would be possible without water. In the desolation of the desert, it's millennia of skillful water management that has made AlUla a place of plenty, capable of supporting communities. ①searing adj.　　 灼热的 ②emerge v. 出现 ③nurture v. 养育；滋长 ④cradle v. 是……的发源地 ⑤oasis n. 绿洲 ⑥habitable adj. 适合居住的 ⑦haven n. 避难所；安全的地方 ⑧aquifer n. 含水层 ⑨water table 　　　　 地下水位 ⑩nomadic adj. 游牧的 ⑪gazelle n. 羚羊 ⑫spring n. 泉，泉水 ⑬be blessed with 有幸享有 ⑭successive adj. 连续的，接连的 ⑮temporarily adv. 暂时地 ⑯volume n. 总量；体积 ⑰tap into 利用；开发 ⑱extensive adj. 广泛的 ⑲large strips of 大块的 ⑳immense adj. 巨大的 collective adj. 共同的 bountiful adj. 丰富的；充裕的 desolation n. 废墟；荒芜 millennium n. 一千年　 答案：1.than　2.challenging　3.to emerge　4.communities　5.when　6.becoming　7.a　8.was blessed　9．it　10.universally 1．harsh adj. A．of a machine or system that is clever and complicated 2．infertile adj. B．to gather together somewhere in large numbers 3．thrive v. C．of land that is not able to produce good crops 4．flock v. D．to provide enough of what sb./sth. needs in order to live or exist 5．sustain v. E．of weather or living conditions that is/are very difficult and unpleasant to live in 6．sophisticated adj. F．to become successful, strong or healthy 答案：1～5.ECFBD　6.A Have you ever experienced any minority culture? Please describe one. One possible version： I am keen on the costumes of the ethnic minorities, so I visited an exhibition of ethnic costumes, where various ethnic costumes would be on display, each of them featuring the characteristics of a nationality. While admiring the costumes, I had a better understanding of the customs, culture as well as the history of different nationalities living in our country. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $