UNIT 1 Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语动词-ing形式作定语和表语这一核心语法点，系统梳理其用法脉络：先解析作定语时单个-ing形式前置、短语后置及被动式being done的规则，对比其与过去分词、不定式被动式的差异，再阐述作表语时说明主语内容与特征的两种情况，构建递进式学习支架。 该资料特色鲜明，融入中秋节、万圣节等教材案例渗透文化意识，通过对比being done/done/to be done培养思维品质，结合高考真题及语法填空练习提升语言能力。课中助力教师系统授课，课后学生可借实例与练习巩固知识，有效查漏补缺。

Period 3　Discovering Useful Structures 动词-ing形式作定语和表语 一、动词-ing形式作定语 (1)(教材P4)During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. 在中国的中秋节期间，家家户户欢聚一堂，观赏明月，品尝美味的月饼。 (2)(教材P4)Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins. 另一个例子是万圣节，虽然起源于宗教，但它渐渐成了孩子们尽情玩乐的一个节日。 (3)I'm glad to receive your letter asking me about my high school life. 我很高兴收到你询问我高中生活的来信。 (4)The house being built here belongs to John. 这里正在建的房子是约翰的。 句(1)(2)都是单个动词-ing形式作定语，一般放在所修饰的词前面；句(2)中的动词-ing形式已转化为形容词，表示“令人激动的”；句(3)中的动词-ing短语作定语，通常放在所修饰词的后面；句(4)为动词-ing形式的被动式。　 1．用法 (1)动词-ing形式作定语，表示被修饰词的属性、作用或用途时，常置于被修饰词的前面。 (2)动词-ing形式作定语，表示被修饰词的动作或状态时，与被修饰词之间是主动关系，动词-ing形式相当于一个定语从句。 (3)有些动词-ing形式已转化为形容词，表示“令人……的”。 (4)如果动词的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的承受者，且该动作正在进行，应用动词-ing形式的被动式being done。 2．位置 (1)单个动词-ing形式作定语时，常置于被修饰的名词之前。 (2)动词-ing短语作定语时，常置于被修饰的名词之后。 (1)现在分词的被动式(being done)、过去分词(done)和动词不定式的被动式(to be done)作定语的区别 形　式 含　义 例　句 being done 表示被动动作正在发生 *The problem being discussed at the meeting now is very important. 会上正在讨论的问题非常重要。 done 表示被动动作已经完成 *The problem discussed at the meeting ye sterday is very important. 昨天会上讨论过的问题非常重要。 续　表 形　式 含　义 例　句 to be done 表示被动动作将要发生 *The problem to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow is very important. 明天会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。 (2)现在分词的完成式(having done/having been done)一般不作定语，可改为定语从句。 你认识那个丢了钱的男孩吗？ (3)现在分词(being)可作状语或宾语补足语， 一般不作定语。 任何不在学校的人都要受到惩罚。 单句语法填空 (1)(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting(visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. (2)(2023·浙江卷1月)Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping(sleep) car accommodations, sell out very quickly. (3)(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)It is also being used to help patients suffering(suffer) dementia, a serious illness of the mind. (4)The email being sent(send) by the manager now is very important and needs to be reviewed carefully. (5)(2022·全国甲卷满分作文)Without the oceans, the living(live) things would not survive, humans included. (6)I will be studying in the new teaching building to be completed(complete) next month. (7)A crash caused(cause) by a driverless car led to a heated argument about some advances in technology. 二、动词-ing形式作表语 (1)What worries me most is her staying up too late every night./Her staying up too late every night is what worries me most. 最使我担心的是她每天都熬夜到很晚。 (2)Your speech is very interesting and encouraging. 你的演讲非常有趣且鼓舞人心。 句(1)中的动词-ing形式作表语，说明主语的内容，可以和主语互换位置；句(2)中的动词-ing 形式作表语，说明主语的特征。　 1．动词-ing形式作表语，具体说明主语的内容时，与主语通常是对等的关系，即主语等同于表语，两者位置可以互换。 2．动词-ing形式作表语，表示主语的性质、特征和状态时，其作用相当于形容词，主语和表语的位置不可以互换。 感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别 英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词表示被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来修饰人。 *I was deeply moved by his moving words. 我被他那动人的话语深深地打动了。 单句语法填空 (1)What we expect from you is working(work) hard rather than hardly working. (2)The situation both at home and abroad is very inspiring(inspire). (3)The unique scenery is so amazing(amaze) that people say it is the most beautiful city in China. (4)What pleases him most is swimming(swim) in the sea in summer. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．There is a great deal of evidence indicating(indicate) that music activities engage different parts of the brain. 2．Recently a survey comparing(compare) prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. 3．What should be stressed is the dragon-boat racing, which is very interesting(interest) and exciting(excite). 4．The houses being built(build) now are for the people from the flood-stricken area. 5．The sleeping(sleep) baby is my sister's son, who is so lovely that we all love him. 6．My first job was working(work) at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. 7．The play to be produced(produce) next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. 8．He came into the office with a depressed(depress) look because he lost his purse in the morning. 9．John's bad habit is reading(read) without thorough understanding. 10．The flowers smelling(smell) sweet in the garden attract the visitors to enjoy the beauty of nature. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．任何人不得在阅览室里大声说话。 No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room． 2．在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。 The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother. 3．这个消息太令人兴奋了，我们听到它都很振奋。 The news is so exciting that we were all excited to hear it． 4．学生在学校的主要任务是向他们的老师学习知识。 The main task for students at school is learning knowledge from their teachers． 5．除了一个立在墙角的书架外，整个房间是空着的。 The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing in one corner． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $