内容正文:
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元知识盘点
Unit 3 Growing Up.
目录
第一部分 词汇检测
第二部分 句型熟记
第三部分 词汇精讲精练
第四部分 重点语法及专练
第五部分 写作及强化训练
第一部分 重点词汇
【重点单词】
名词
/
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
anger n.怒火
fault n.过错;责任
present n. 礼物
award n.奖;奖品
pressure n.压力
purpose n.目的;意图
player n.运动员;选手
decision n.决定
score n.得分;比分
coach n.教练
solution n.解决办法;解决
physics n.物理;物理学
动词
advise v. 建议;劝告
forgive v. ( forgave,forgiven)原谅;宽恕
apologize(=apologise)v.道歉
shut v. (shut, shut)关闭;合上;住嘴
ring (rang,rung) 发出铃声
enter v.进入
repeat v. 重复
behave v.表现;举止得体
形容词
upset adj.难过的;沮丧的
lonely adj.孤独的;寂寞的
shocked adj.震惊的
hurtful adj.伤感情的
low adj.沮丧的;低的
proud adj.骄傲的;自豪的
joyful adj.高兴的;令人愉快的
thankful adj.感谢的;感激的
negative adj.否定的;消极的
awake adj.醒着的
normal adj.正常的;普通的
mad adj.发狂的;疯的
mean adj.刻薄的;吝啬的
副词
alone adv.独自;单独
clearly adv.清楚地
lastly adv.最后
differently adv.不同地
代词
plenty pron.充足;丰富;大量
everybody pron.每人;所有人
连词
though conj.虽然;尽管
兼类词
control v.& n.控制
standard n.标准;水平adj.标准的
dare v.&modal v.敢于
bully v.霸凌;恐吓 n.恶霸
【词性变形】
1.emotion n. 情感;情绪 → emotional adj. 情感的;情绪的
2.shocked adj. 震惊的 → shock n. 震惊;v. 使震惊 → shocking adj. 令人震惊的
3.anger n. 怒火 → angry adj. 生气的;愤怒的 → angrily adv. 生气地;愤怒地
4.advise v. 建议;劝告 → advice n. 建议;劝告
5.low adj. 沮丧的;低的→ lower v. 降低; 减少 (同时也是比较级)
6.enter v. 进入→ entrance n. 入口;进入 → entry n. 进入;条目
7.clearly adv. 清楚地→ clear adj. 清晰的;v. 清理 → clearness n. 明确;清楚;清晰
8.hurtful adj. 伤感情的 → hurt v. 伤害;n. 伤害
9.clearly adv. 清楚地 → clear adj. 清晰的;v. 清理 → clarity n. 清晰度;明确性
10.pressure n. 压力 → press v. 压;按
11.apologize (=apologise)v. 道歉 → apology n. 道歉;歉意
12.decision n. 决定 → decide v. 决定;断定 → decisive adj. 决定性的;果断的
13.proud adj. 骄傲的;自豪的 → pride n. 骄傲;自豪 → proudly adv. 骄傲地;自豪地
14.solution n. 解决办法;解决 → solve v. 解决;解答
15.joyful adj. 高兴的;令人愉快的 → joy n. 欢乐;喜悦→ joyfully adv. 高兴地;快乐地→ enjoy v. 喜欢; 享受; 欣赏
16.thankful adj. 感谢的;感激的→ thank v. 感谢;n. 感谢→ thankfully adv. 感谢地;感激地
17.negative adj. 否定的;消极的→ negatively adv. 否定地;消极地→ positive adj. 积极的; 乐观的(反义词)
18.behave v. 表现;举止得体 → behavior n. 行为;举止
19.differently adv. 不同地 → different adj. 不同的;有差异的 → difference n. 差异;不同
20.physics n. 物理;物理学 → physical adj. 物理的;身体的 → physicist n. 物理学家
21.awake adj. 醒着的→ wake v.(使)醒来; 被唤起(更正式,不与up连用)
22.normal adj. 正常的;普通的;n. 常态;标准 → normally adv. 正常地;通常
23.mad /mæd/ adj. 发狂的; 疯的→ madness n. 疯狂;愚蠢→ madly adv. 疯狂地;极度地
24.mean adj. 刻薄的;吝啬的;v. 意思是;意味着 → meaning n. 意思;含义→ meaningful adj. 重要的;重大的;意味深长的
25.deep adj. 深的;……深的;adv. 深深地 → depth n. 深度;深处→ deepen v. 加深;深化
→ deeply adv. 深深地; 深刻地; 深沉地
26.remain v. 继续存在;保持不变 → remaining adj. 剩余的;剩下的 → remainder n. 剩余物;余数
【重点短语】
1. feel bad about 对…感到难过
2. It was my fault. 是我的错。
3. mean to do something 打算做某事
4. say sorry to sb. 向某人道歉
5. so that 以便
6. clear the air 消除误会; 尽释前嫌
7. argue with a friend 和朋友争论
8. lost something special 丢失了特别的东西
9. be afraid to do something 害怕做某事
10. in the end 最后
11. have very high standards 有很高的标准
12. compare A with B 把A和B作比较
14. write things down 把事情写下来
15. feel a lot of pressure 感到很大的压力
16. feel upset about something 因某事感到心烦
17. on purpose 故意地
18. be reduced by half 减少一半
19. put oneself in one's shoes 设身处地为别人着想
20. feel stressed 感到有压力
21. clear your mind 理清思绪
22. shut oneself away 把自己封闭起来
23. control your anger 控制你的愤怒
24. say bad things about somebody 说某人的坏话
25. feel on top of the world 感到欢天喜地
26. have a long face 面带愁容
27. in high spirits 情绪高涨
29. dare to do something 敢于做某事
30. let everybody down = disappoint everybody 让所有人失望
31. be hard on oneself 对自己很苛刻
32. respect his decision 尊重他的决定
33. take back 撤回; 收回
34. have a good chance to do something 有很好的机会做某事
35. kick oneself 自责
36. look on the bright side 从好的方面想
37. be / feel proud of 为…感到骄傲
38. work together as a team / group = pull together 作为一个团队一起工作=齐心协力
39. be lucky to do something 很幸运做某事
40. even though 即使
41. have a sad expression 带着悲伤的表情
42. apologize for 为…道歉
43. go wrong 出错
44. a sense of belonging 归属感
45. fight the feeling of loneliness 对抗孤独感
46. shout at somebody 对某人大喊大叫
47. under stress 在压力之下
48. lie awake 醒着
49. get mad at others 对别人生气
50. from time to time 时不时地
51. say mean things to somebody 对某人说刻薄的话
52. take a deep breath 深呼吸
53. choose to do something 选择做某事
54. be up to somebody 由某人决定
55. pass away 去世
56. not only ... but also ... 不但…而且…
57. too much stress 太多压力
58. poor relationships 糟糕的关系
59. school bullying 校园欺凌
60. focus on 专注于
第二部分 重点句型
1.Harry and I got into a fight a few days ago.哈里和我几天前吵了一架。
2.Peter couldn't control his anger when he talked to Harry.彼得和哈里说话时控制不住自己的怒气。
3.If you did something wrong, maybe you should say sorry first. 如果你做错了事,或许你应该先说声对不起。
4.I didn't mean to do it. 我不是故意那么做的。
5.Thanks for picking up. 谢谢你接电话。
6.I wanted to call earlier, but I didn't know what to say until I spoke to Ella.我想早点打电话,但在跟艾拉谈之前,我不知道该说什么。
7.Harry also felt bad about the fight and wanted to talk to Peter so that they could clear the air.哈里也对这次争吵感到难过,他想和彼得谈谈,以便消除误会。
8.I was very upset, and I was afraid to tell my dad about it too. 我非常难过,而且也不敢把这件事告诉我爸爸。
9.Did you find the watch in the end?你最后找到手表了吗?
10.They often compare me with my cousin, Kate. 他们经常拿我和我的表姐凯特作比较。
11.But I'm sure your parents just want you to do well,although they may not show it.
但我相信你的父母只是希望你能做得好,尽管他们可能没有表现出来。
12.How about writing them a letter so that you can get your message across clearly?给他们写封信怎么样?这样你可以清楚地传达你的意思。
13.Writing things down can also make you feel better.
把事情写下来也能让你感觉好一些。
14.Although people might hurt you sometimes,it doesn't always mean that they did it on purpose.
虽然人们有时可能会伤害到你,但这并不总是意味着他们是故意的。
15.You won't understand why she got upset until you put yourself in her shoes.
只有设身处地站在她的角度,你才会明白她为什么生气。
16.Next,share your problems with someone you trust instead of shutting yourself away.接下来,把你的问题分享给你信任的人,而不是把自己封闭起来。
17.Lastly,remember to take care of yourself, eat healthy food,exercise and get enough sleep. 最后,记得照顾好你自己。吃健康的食物,锻炼身体,保证充足的睡眠。
18.When the bell rang, Matt entered the classroom with a heavy heart.
当铃声响起时,马特带着沉重的心情走进了教室。
19.I'm really sorry about letting everybody down.
真的很抱歉让大家失望了。
20.We'll keep working together as a team. One for all, and all for one.
我们会继续作为一个团队一起努力。人人为我,我为人人。
21.Even if you try your best, you can't always succeed or win.
即使你尽了最大努力,也不总是能成功或获胜。
22.When you work together as a group, you can achieve great things.
当你们作为一个团队共同工作时,就能取得伟大的成就。
23.A sense of belonging can help you to fight the feeling of loneliness.
归属感可以帮助你对抗孤独感。
24.I know you didn't mean to do that. People can behave differently under stress.
我知道你不是故意那么做的。人在压力下可能会有不同的表现。
25.Although it is normal to get mad at others from time to time, we should always try our best to control our anger instead of expressing it in bad ways.
虽然偶尔对他人生气是正常的,但我们应当尽力控制自己的愤怒,而不是用不好的方式发泄出来。
26.Getting angry is normal, but you what you choose to do with your anger is up to you.
生气是正常的,但你选择如何处理自己的愤怒取决于你自己。
27.I used to think that science was boring and difficult and I did badly in class.
我曾经以为科学既无聊又难学,在课堂上表现也很差。
28.I couldn't talk about my feelings to anybody until you sat with me during lunch that day.
直到那天你在午餐时坐在我身边,我才敢和别人谈论我的感受。
29.Thank you so much for being not only my teacher but also my friend.
我非常感谢您,您不仅是我的老师,也是我的朋友。
第三部分 词汇精讲精练
重点单词讲解
1、compare
【详解】compare此处用作及物动词,意为“比较”,常与介词with/to搭配使用。
【辨析】compare ... with ...与compare ... to ...
固定搭配
用法
图解助记
compare ... with ...
表示“把……与……比较”,常用于同类事物之间的比较,侧重区分
compare ... to ...
表示“把……比作……”,常用于异类事物之间的比较或比喻,侧重相同点或相似点
也可表示“把……与……比较”,此时可与compare ... with ...互换
2、afraid
【详解】
用法
含义
图解助记
be afraid of (doing) sth.
害怕(做)某事/某物
be afraid to do sth.
害怕/不敢做某事
be afraid + that从句
恐怕……,that可省略
3、alone
【详解】alone [副词] 独自;单独。在句中作状语,相当于 by oneself。
【拓展】 alone还可作形容词,意为“独自的;单独的”。
【辨析】alone与lonely
alone
副词,“独自;单独”
侧重于说明独自一人,强调客观情况
形容词,“单独的”
lonely
形容词,“孤独的;寂寞的”
侧重指因缺少陪伴所产生的一种悲伤的情感,带有浓厚的感情色彩
形容词,“荒凉的”
多修饰表示地点的名词
4、control
【详解】control [动词] 控制
【搭配】control oneself控制自己(的情绪、行为等)
【拓展】control [名词] 控制
【搭配】be in the control of 受......的控制/管理
be out of control失去控制
be under control 在控制之下
5、advise
【详解】advise [动词] 建议;劝告
【搭配】 advise sb(not)to do sth建议某人(不要)做某事;
advise sb about sth 就某事向某人提出建议;
advise doing sth 建议做某事
【拓展】advice [不可数名词] 意见;建议
【短语】a piece of advice 一条建议;
give (sb) advice on .在某方面(向某人)提建议
6、apologize
【详解】apologize [动词] 道歉
【搭配】apologize to sb向某人道歉= say sorry to sb. for sth.
apologize for(doing) sth 为(做)某事道歉
apologize to sb for doing sth 因做了某事向某人道歉
【拓展】apology n. 道歉 (常考:make an apology to sb.)
7、decision
【详解】decision [名词] 决定
【搭配】make decisions/a decision下决心;做决定
make a decision to do sth 下决心做某事.
【拓展】decide [动词】下决定
【搭配】decide to do sth. 决定干某事=make a decision to do sth 下决心做某事
decide on 决定
8、awake
【详解】awake [形容词] 醒着的
通常在句中作表语或后置定语,其反义词为asleep“睡着的”。
【辨析】awake与wake
awake
形容词,意为“醒着的”,作表语或后置定语,强调状态
动词,意为“唤起;(使)醒来”
wake
动词,意为“弄醒:醒来”,常与副词up连用,强调动作
9、anybody
【详解】anybody [代词] 任何人
常用于否定句和疑问句中,相当于anyone。有时,在肯定句或if引导的条件状语从句中表达“任何人”的含义时也用anybody/anyone。anybody作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
He doesn't know anybody in London. 他在伦敦谁也不认识。
Has anybody come? 有人来了吗?
Please tell me at once if anybody calls me. 如果有人给我打电话,请立刻告诉我。
10、remain
【详解】remain [动词] 继续存在;保持不变,相当于keep,后面跟形容词或名词作表语。
The boy remained silent. 这个男孩默不作声。
We remained friends. 我们还是朋友。
【拓展】remain [动词] 停留;逗留;剩余
They remained in Mexico until June. 他们在墨西哥一直待到六月。
Only a few leaves remained on the tree. 树上只剩下几片叶子了。
11、shut
【详解】shut [动词] 关闭;合上;住嘴。过去式 / 过去分词:shut
【搭配】shut sth. down 关闭(机器、公司等);
shut up 住嘴(口语);
shut sb./sth. away 把…… 关起来
12、anger
【详解】anger [名词] 怒火
【搭配】in anger 愤怒地;
with anger 气得……;
show anger at sth. 因某事发怒
【拓展】angry [形容词】 生气的
【搭配】be angry with sb.对某人生气
be angry at sth.因某人而生气
13、pressure
【详解】pressure[名词] 压力
【搭配】under pressure 承受压力;
put pressure on sb. 给某人施压;
【拓展】press [动词] 按压;逼迫
14、purpose
【详解】purpose[名词】目的;意图
【搭配】on purpose 故意地;
with the purpose of 为了……;
for the purpose of 为了……
15、upset
【详解】upset [形容词] 难过的;沮丧的
【搭配】be upset about/at sth. 因某事难过
【拓展】upset [动词]使心烦
【搭配】upset sb. 让某人心烦
16、shocked
【详解】shocked [形容词] 震惊的
【搭配】be shocked at sth. 对某事感到震惊
【拓展】shock [动词/名词] 使震惊;震惊
shocking adj. 令人震惊的(修饰事物)
17、ring
【详解】ring[动词]发出铃声;打电话 过去式 / 过去分词:rang / rung
【搭配】ring sb. up 给某人打电话;
ring the bell 按门铃
ring off 挂断电话;
ring back 回电话
18、bully
【详解】bully [动词] 霸凌;恐吓
【搭配】bully sb. into doing sth. 胁迫某人做某事
【拓展】bully [名词] 恶霸
【搭配】a school bully 校园恶霸
19、dare
【详解】dare作情态动词时无人称和时态的变化。
Dare you tell her the truth?
你敢告诉她真相吗? (情态动词)
【拓展】dare作实义动词时有人称和时态的变化
【常见搭配】 dare to do sth. 敢于做某事
dare sb. to do sth. 激将某人做某事
I dare say 我想、很可能、大概
20、lonely
【详解】(形容词) 孤独的、寂寞的
【拓展】 lonely也可以表示地点,译为“偏僻的、荒凉的”,在句中常作表语。
【易混辨析】 lonely和alone区别
lonely只作形容词,表示“孤独的、寂寞的”,强调内心的孤独感;
alone常为副词,译为“独自地、单独地”。
Eg: I am alone, but I don’t feel lonely.
21、hurtful
【详解】(形容词) 伤感情的;hurtful在句中常作定语或表语。
【常见搭配】 be hurtful to sb. 对某人有伤害性
【派生词】 hurt为动词,译为“伤害”;hurt还可为名词,译为“痛苦、伤害”;hurtfully为副词,译为“伤害地”;
22、forgive
【详解】(动词) 原谅、宽恕;forgive作动词还可译为“免除”,其过去式为forgave;forgive过去分词为forgiven。
【常见搭配】 forgive sb.for sth. 原谅某人某事
forgive sb.for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事
forgive and forget 彻底放弃
【派生词】 forgiveness为名词,译为“原谅”;
forgivable为形容词,译为“可原谅的”。
23、award
【详解】(名词) 奖、奖品;award为可数名词,其复数形式为awards,还可译为“增加、裁决”;award还可为动词,译为“把...授予...”。
【常见搭配】 win an award 赢得奖项
give an award to sb. 给某人颁发奖项
award ceremony 颁奖典礼
award for sth. 因某事获得的奖项
award sth. to sb. 把某物授予某人
【易混辨析】 award与prize区别:
award强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少;
prize多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所赢得的奖品。
24、low
【详解】(形容词) 沮丧的、低的
【拓展】 low作形容词还可译为“低的”;low还可为名词,译为“地点、低谷”;low还可为动词,译为“降低、减弱”。
【常见搭配】 in a low voice 低声地
in low spirits 情绪低落
25、enter
【详解】(动词) 进入;enter为动词,还可译为“参加、开始从事、登记”;enter还可为名词,译为“回车键”。
【常见搭配】 enter into 开始、参与、讨论
enter on/ upon 开始(从事)、着手
【派生词】 entrance为名词,译为“入口、入学许可”。
26、mean
【详解】(形容词) 刻薄的、吝啬的
【拓展】mean还可为动词,译为“表示...的意思、意味着”。
【派生词】 meaning为名词,译为“意思”
【常见搭配】mean to do sth. 打算做某事
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
the meaning of ... ...的意思
重点短语讲解
1、deal with
【详解】deal with为动词短语,表示处理、应对或解决某种问题或情况,常与疑问词how连用;其同义词组为do with,deal with与疑问词what连用。
How are you going to deal with these books?你打算怎么处理这些书?
= What are you going to do with these books?
2、in future
【详解】in future 今后、从今以后;in future在句中常作状语,常用于祈使句中。
【易混辨析】 In future与in the future区别:
①in future侧重于从现在开始的未来时间,强调“今后”或“从今以后”,常用于祈使句中;
②in the future侧重于指离现在较远的未来时间,强调“将来”或“未来”,常用于一般将来。
Eg: In future, we should plan our trips more carefully to avoid any unexpected problems.
今后,我们应该更仔细地规划我们的旅行,以避免任何意外问题。
I hope to travel around the world in the future.
我希望将来能环游世界。
3、get across
【详解】解释清楚、传达
【易混辨析】 through、across和over区别
①through常常表示在空间内进行的,强调从物体内部穿过;
②across常常表示动作在物体表面进行的,强调从一端到另一端;
③over强调方向性,不与物体表面接触,还有数量上“超过”的意思。
4、reduce by half
【详解】减少一半
【知识拓展】 reduce为动词,译为“减少、缩小、降低”。
【常见搭配】 reduce to... (数字) 减少到...、降低到...;
reduce by... (百分比) 减少了...、降低了...;
reduce ... to doing sth. 被迫采取某种行为做某事。
5、put oneself in sb’s shoes
【详解】设身处地、处于某人的境地
Eg: To understand his decision, you need to really put yourself in his shoes.
要理解他的决定,你需要真正设身处地地为他考虑。
6、all smiles
【详解】笑容满面
【拓展】 smile可为动词,译为“微笑”;smile为名词,译为“微笑”。
【常见搭配】 smile at ... 对...微笑
【易混辨析】 smile与laugh区别
①smile常表示无声的微笑,侧重友好、善意的心情;
②laugh常表示有声的笑,侧重高兴、喜悦或不尊重的笑,也有嘲笑之意。
7、as well
【详解】也、又;as well常位于句尾。
【用法讲解】 too, as well, also与either区别:
too “也”常位于肯定句句尾,前面有逗号。
as well “也”常位于肯定句句尾,无逗号。
also “也”位于句中,be动词、助动词、情态动词后
either “也”位于否定句句尾。
8、pull together
【详解】齐心协力、通力合作;pull together还可译为“集中精力、保持镇定、把...串到一起”。
Stop crying and pull yourself together!
别哭了,振作起来!
9、shout at
【详解】冲某人喊叫;常“带有生气、愤怒等负面情绪”。
【常见搭配】shout for ... 为...喝彩
shout to ... 对...大声说话(没有生气或敌意)
shout out 大声说出
shout down 用喊叫声压倒
shout at the top of one’s lungs 竭尽全力呼喊
10、not only...but also...
【详解】不但...而且...;常用来连接两个并列的名词、动词、形容词、副词或句子。
【用法】not only...but also作主语时,谓语动词需用“临近原则”。
Not only the teacher but also the students are excited.不仅老师,学生们也很兴奋。
【同步练习】
一、单项选择
1.—Mom, I did really badly in yesterday’s exam. I am sorry to ________.
—It doesn’t matter, my dear. Learn from it, and you’ll do better next time.
A.turn you down B.let you down
C.give you up D.put you down
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我昨天的考试考得很差。我很抱歉让你失望了。——没关系,亲爱的。从中吸取教训,下次你会做得更好。
考查动词短语辨析。turn you down拒绝你;let you down让你失望;give you up放弃你;put you down贬低你。根据前文“I did really badly in yesterday’s exam”可知,考试考得差会让妈妈失望,因此应选用let you down表示“让你失望”。故选B。
2.His words were really ________ and made her cry.
A.helpful B.hurtful C.careful D.peaceful
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他的话真的很伤人,让她哭了。
考查形容词辨析。helpful有帮助的;hurtful伤人的;careful仔细的;peaceful和平的。根据“made her cry”可知,他的话让她哭了,因此应该是伤人的。故选B。
3.—Why does Lily look so tired?
—Because she is under a lot of ________ before the exam.
A.practice B.pleasure C.progress D.pressure
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——莉莉为什么看起来这么累?——因为她在考试前承受着很大的压力。
考查名词辨析。practice练习;pleasure快乐;progress进步;pressure压力。根据“Why does Lily look so tired?”可知,莉莉看起来很累,结合“before the exam”可推断是因为考试前有“压力”。故选D。
4.There is ________ rain in your country. No wonder people carry umbrellas at any time.
A.a lot B.many C.more D.plenty of
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你们国家雨水很多。难怪人们随时都带着伞。
考查形容词短语辨析。a lot非常(副词短语,不能直接修饰名词);many许多(修饰可数名词复数);more更多(many/much的比较级);plenty of大量的(可修饰可数或不可数名词)。根据“rain”是不可数名词,用plenty of来修饰符合语境。故选D。
5.We need to prepare for the trip: ________, don’t forget to bring your ID card.
A.Lastly B.Secondly C.Recently D.Luckily
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们需要为这次旅行做准备:最后,别忘了带上你的身份证。
考查副词辨析。Lastly最后;Secondly第二;Recently最近;Luckily幸运地。根据前文“prepare for the trip”和冒号后的提示“don’t forget to bring your ID card”可知,这是在列举准备事项的最后一项,应使用表示顺序的“Lastly”。故选A。
6.She was very ________ when she heard that her favorite team had lost the game.
A.excited B.upset C.happy D.strong
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当她听说她最喜欢的球队输掉比赛时,她非常沮丧。
考查形容词辨析。excited兴奋的;upset沮丧的;happy高兴的;strong强壮的。根据“her favorite team had lost the game”可知,球队输了,她应该感到沮丧。故选B。
7.Many people felt ________ after hearing the young singer’s death.
A.shocked B.excited C.bored D.lonely
【答案】A
【详解】句意:听到这位年轻歌手的死讯,许多人感到震惊。
考查形容词辨析。shocked震惊的;excited兴奋的;bored无聊的;lonely孤独的。根据“hearing the young singer’s death”可知,听到死讯后人们的感受应是震惊的,其他选项不符合语境。故选A。
8.Sally practiced for the dance competition ________, but she never feels ________.
A.lonely; lonely B.alone; alone
C.lonely; alone D.alone; lonely
【答案】D
【详解】句意:萨莉独自为舞蹈比赛练习,但她从不感到孤独。
考查形容词与副词辨析。lonely孤独的(形容词,指情感上的孤单);alone独自(副词,指客观上的独自一人)。根据“practiced for the dance competition”可知,第一空指客观上“独自练习”,用副词alone;根据“feels”可知,第二空指情感上“不感到孤独”,用形容词lonely。故选D。
9.If you want to be an excellent student, you must learn to ________ your time.
A.touch B.reach C.control D.promise
【答案】C
【详解】句意:如果你想成为一名优秀的学生,你必须学会控制你的时间。
考查动词辨析。touch触摸;reach到达;control控制;promise承诺。根据“If you want to be an excellent student, you must learn to ... your time.”可知,优秀学生需要学会控制时间。故选C。
10.She was too excited to stay ________ last night.
A.calm B.awake C.healthy D.alive
【答案】B
【详解】句意:昨晚她太兴奋了,以至于无法保持清醒。
考查形容词辨析。calm平静的;awake清醒的;healthy健康的;alive活着的。根据“too excited to stay ...”可知,兴奋得难以保持清醒,stay awake“保持清醒”,符合语境。故选B。
11.After the fire, only a few trees ________ in the forest.
A.burned B.laughed C.repeated D.remained
【答案】D
【详解】句意:火灾过后,森林里只有几棵树幸存。
考查动词辨析。burned燃烧;laughed笑;repeated重复;remained留下、剩余。根据“After the fire, only a few trees ... in the forest.”可知,火灾后森林中应只有少量树木留存下来。故选D。
12.—How do you stay ________ when you fail an exam?
—I tell myself it’s just a test, and I can do better next time.
A.healthy B.slim C.positive D.quiet
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——当你考试不及格时,你如何保持积极?——我告诉自己这只是一次考试,下次我可以做得更好。
考查形容词辨析。healthy健康的;slim苗条的;positive积极的;quiet安静的。根据“I tell myself it’s just a test, and I can do better next time.”可知,考试不及格时,说话人保持的是积极心态。故选C。
13.His ________ made him say things he didn’t mean.
A.anger B.hobby C.voice D.smile
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他的愤怒让他说了些言不由衷的话。
考查名词辨析。anger愤怒;hobby爱好;voice声音;smile微笑。根据“made him say things he didn’t mean”可知,愤怒容易让人说出违心的话,anger“愤怒”符合逻辑。故选A。
14.—We can go hiking with Ms Lee this weekend.
—Oh. But Ms Lee thought ________. She told me to visit the history museum.
A.exactly B.seriously C.quickly D.differently
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——这个周末我们可以和李老师一起去远足。——哦,但是李老师想得不一样。她告诉我去参观历史博物馆。
考查副词辨析。exactly确切地;seriously严肃地;quickly快速地;differently不同地。根据答语后半句“She told me to visit the history museum.”可知,李老师的安排与说话人提议的“go hiking”不同,因此应选表示“不同地”的副词。故选D。
15.—I lost my wallet this morning. I’m so sad.
—________. Maybe someone will find it and return it to you.
A.Look on the bright side B.Never mind the weather C.What’s more D.That way
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——今天早上我丢了钱包。我很伤心。——往好处想。也许有人会找到它并还给你。
考查情景交际。Look on the bright side往好处想,看开点;Never mind the weather不管天气如何;What’s more而且,此外;That way那样。根据“I lost my wallet…I’m so sad.”以及“Maybe someone will find it and return it to you.”可知,对方正处于丢钱包的悲伤中,后文提出了一个积极乐观的可能。由此可知,空处应填入鼓励对方“往好处想”的表达。故选A。
16.You should ________ before you make an important decision.
A.put yourself in others’ shoes B.be hard on yourself
C.let others down D.kick yourself
【答案】A
【详解】句意:在做重要决定之前,你应该 设身处地为他人着想。
考查习语辨析。put yourself in others’ shoes设身处地;be hard on yourself对自己苛刻;let others down让某人失望;kick yourself自责。根据“before you make an important decision.”可知,此处表示做重要决定之前,应该先考虑他人立场,做到换位思考。故选A。
17.If you want to ________ your feelings clearly, you should talk to your parents.
A.get across B.reduce by half C.put on D.take back
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果你想清楚地表达你的感受,你应该和你的父母谈谈。
考查动词短语辨析。get across传达,使被理解;reduce by half减少一半;put on穿上,上演;take back收回。根据“If you want to ... your feelings clearly,”可知,此处应表示“传达、表达”之意,且“talk to your parents”是为了更好地表达感受。故选A。
18.—I had a fight with my best friend. What should I do?
—You can talk to her face to face to ________.
A.clear the air B.put out the fire C.pull together D.look on the bright side
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我和我最好的朋友吵架了。我该怎么办?——你可以和她面对面谈谈以消除误会。
考查动词短语。clear the air消除误会/澄清事实;put out the fire灭火;pull together齐心协力;look on the bright side看光明的一面。根据前文“had a fight”和“talk to her face to face”可知,面对面谈话的目的是为了化解矛盾、消除误会。故选A。
19.She ________ her friend because she broke her friend’s favorite cup by accident.
A.apologized to B.argued with C.shouted at D.was mad at
【答案】A
【详解】句意:她向她的朋友道歉,因为她不小心打碎了朋友最喜欢的杯子。
考查动词短语。apologized to向……道歉;argued with与……争吵;shouted at对……大喊;was mad at对……生气。根据“because she broke her friend’s favorite cup by accident”可知,不小心打碎朋友的杯子后,应该道歉。故选A。
20.—Mr Green seems very strict.
—Yes. He is ________ his students in their studies.
A.surprised at B.good for C.hard on D.careful with
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——格林先生似乎很严格。——是的。他在学习上对他的学生很严厉。
考查形容词短语辨析。surprised at对……感到惊讶;good for对……有益;hard on对……严厉;careful with对……小心。根据上句“Mr Green seems very strict.”可知,格林先生很严格,他应是对待学生“严厉”,“be hard on sb.”意为“严厉对待某人”。故选C。
21.—Ding Liren won first place in the World Chess Championship!
—Amazing! We’re ________ him!
A.thankful to B.hard on C.proud of D.strict with
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——丁立人在国际象棋世界锦标赛中获得了第一名!——太棒了!我们为他感到骄傲!
考查短语辨析。thankful to对……感激;hard on对……苛刻;proud of为……骄傲;strict with对……严格。根据“Ding Liren won first place”和“Amazing!”可知,说话者表达的是对丁立人取得成就的骄傲之情。故选C。
22.—Do you think most people in Hefei can talk with foreigners in English?
—Yes, I think so. ________ the young ________ the old are learning to speak English.
A.Either; or B.Neither; nor
C.Not; but D.Not only; but also
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你认为合肥的大多数人都能用英语和外国人交谈吗?——是的,我认为可以。不仅年轻人,老年人也在学习说英语。
考查并列连词辨析。Either...or要么……要么……;Neither...nor既不……也不……;Not...but不是……而是……; Not only...but also不仅……而且……。根据答语“Yes, I think so.”可知,年轻人和老年人都在学英语,故选D。
23.Please ________ the door quietly when you leave.
A.open B.knock C.shut D.control
【答案】C
【详解】句意:当你离开时,请轻轻地把门关上。
考查动词辨析。open打开;knock敲;shut关闭;control控制。根据“when you leave”和“quietly”可知,离开时应轻轻地关门,shut“关闭”符合语境。故选C。
24.I don’t want to be ________ else. I just want to be ________.
A.anybody; myself B.somebody; myself
C.nobody; mine D.everybody; mine
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我不想成为任何其他人,我只想做我自己。
考查不定代词和反身代词辨析。anybody任何人;somebody某人;nobody没有人;everybody每个人;myself我自己;mine我的,名词性物主代词。第一空在否定句中表示“任何人”用anybody;第二空表示“我自己”用反身代词myself。故选A。
25.The group worked hard to ________ their performance to the class and got the high praise from the teacher.
A.promise B.prepare C.present D.practise
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这个小组努力向全班展示他们的表演,并得到了老师的高度赞扬。
考查动词辨析。promise承诺;prepare准备;present展示;practise练习。根据“their performance to the class”和“got high praise”可知,小组是将表演呈现给全班观看,因此用present最符合语境。故选C。
26.“I know I was wrong. Will you ________ me?” he asked sadly.
A.apology B.forgive C.excuse D.pardon
【答案】B
【详解】句意:“我知道我错了。你会原谅我吗?”他伤心地问道。
考查动词辨析。apology道歉;forgive原谅,感情色彩较浓,强调主观和内心的宽恕;excuse原谅,指有意放过人们在社会、习俗方面的具体行为;pardon原谅,指由上级按法律正式赦免过失或过错。根据“I know I was wrong. Will you ... me?”可知,此处表达的是请求对方原谅自己的错误,主要指情感上的宽恕。故选B。
27.Jack always ________ others, so nobody wants to be his friend.
A.bullies B.helps C.praises D.hugs
【答案】A
【详解】句意:杰克总是欺负别人,所以没人想和他做朋友。
考查动词辨析。bullies欺负;helps帮助;praises表扬;hugs拥抱。根据“so nobody wants to be his friend”可知,没人愿意和他做朋友,说明他对待别人的行为是负面的,因此应选“欺负”。故选A。
28.My sister is ________ taller than me.
A.many B.more C.a little bit D.a bit of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我姐姐比我高一点点。
考查程度副词修饰比较级。many许多(修饰可数名词);more更多(比较级或修饰多音节形容词/副词);a little bit一点点(修饰形容词/副词原级或比较级);a bit of一点(后接不可数名词)。空格后是taller(比较级),需用程度副词修饰,只有 a little bit可直接修饰比较级,表示“稍微……一点”。故选C。
29.The 2025 Asian Winter Games ended with a ________ closing celebration; the theme (主题) was “Spring warms Harbin, love inspires Asia”!
A.joyful B.thankful C.hurtful D.painful
【答案】A
【详解】句意:2025年亚冬会以一场欢乐的闭幕庆典结束;主题是“春暖哈尔滨,爱聚亚洲!”。
考查形容词辨析。joyful欢乐的;thankful感激的;hurtful伤人的;painful痛苦的。根据句意,闭幕庆典的主题充满温暖与爱,且运动会闭幕通常是喜庆、欢乐的场景,因此应选表示“欢乐的”形容词。故选A。
30.—Why do you admire your brother?
—Because he has the ________ to face any problem bravely.
A.fear B.courage C.sadness D.shyness
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你为什么钦佩你的哥哥?——因为他有勇敢面对任何问题的勇气。
考查名词辨析。fear恐惧;courage勇气;sadness悲伤;shyness害羞。根据“face any problem bravely”以及“admire your brother”可知,此处应表示有勇敢面对任何问题的勇气。故选B。
二、用送给词的适当形式填空
1.The (achieve) of his goal made his parents very proud.
【答案】achievement
【详解】句意:他目标的实现让他的父母非常自豪。根据“The…of his goal”可知,横线处需填名词,achieve “实现”,动词,其名词形式为achievement。the achievement of “……的实现”。故填achievement。
2.We should put (we) in others’ shoes before judging them.
【答案】ourselves
【详解】句意:在评判他人之前,我们应该设身处地为别人着想。 put oneself in others’ shoes是一个常用表达,意思是“设身处地为他人着想”。we“我们”,主格,复数,其反身代词形式是ourselves。故填ourselves。
3.The (press) of the final exam made most students feel stressed.
【答案】pressure
【详解】句意:期末考试的压力使得大多数学生感到十分紧张。press“按压”,动词;位于冠词“The”之后,需使用其名词形式pressure“压力”,不可数名词。故填pressure。
4.She was afraid of (talk) to strangers, so she stayed quiet at the party.
【答案】talking
【详解】句意:她害怕和陌生人说话,所以在派对上保持沉默。talk 意为“说话”,“be afraid of doing sth”是固定搭配,意为“害怕做某事”,因此填动名词形式talking。故填talking。
5.The old woman lives alone in the countryside, but she never feels (alone) because she has a group of friendly neighbors.
【答案】lonely
【详解】句意:这位老妇人独自住在乡下,但她从不感到孤独,因为她有一群友好的邻居。根据“but she never feels”可知,横线处需填形容词作表语,alone“单独的”,强调客观状态,其形容词形式lonely强调主观感受,意为“孤独的”,符合语境。故填lonely。
6.We were deeply (shock) by the story of the brave girl who saved her little brother from the fire.
【答案】shocked
【详解】句意:我们被那个勇敢地从火灾中救出她弟弟的女孩的故事深深地震撼了。根据“We were deeply…by”可知,横线处需填形容词,shock“使震惊”,动词,其形容词形式有shocking(令人震惊的,修饰物)和shocked(感到震惊的,修饰人),此处主语是“We”,指人,所以用shocked。be shocked by“被……所震撼”。故填shocked。
7.It’s important to respect (different) ways of thinking and behaving in a diverse society.
【答案】different
【详解】句意:在多元化的社会中,尊重不同的思维和行为方式是很重要的。根据“ways of thinking and behaving”可知,横线处需填形容词来修饰名词短语,different“不同的”,形容词,符合题意。故填different。
8.The children sang and danced (joy) at the birthday party, filling the room with happiness.
【答案】joyfully
【详解】句意:孩子们在生日聚会上欢快地唱歌跳舞,让整个房间充满了快乐。根据“sang and danced”可知,横线处需填副词修饰动词,joy“快乐”,名词,其副词形式为joyfully。故填joyfully。
9.The support from my parents made me dare (face) the challenge in life.
【答案】to face
【详解】句意:父母的支持让我敢于面对生活中的挑战。根据“The support from my parents made me dare...”可知,句中是“dare to do sth.”结构,意为“敢于做某事”,应该使用动词不定式形式。故填to face。
10.Could you please give me some practical (advise) on how to manage my time better?
【答案】advice
【详解】句意:请你给我一些关于如何更好地管理时间的实用建议好吗?根据“some practical…”可知,此处应填入名词。advise是动词,其对应的名词形式是advice,意为“建议”,不可数名词。故填advice。
11.The unfair treatment he received made him really (anger) and he couldn’t sleep all night.
【答案】angry
【详解】句意:他所受到的不公平待遇让他非常愤怒,整晚都无法入睡。anger名词“愤怒”,句中是“make sb.+形容词”结构,此处应该用形容词形式,anger的形容词形式是angry“愤怒的”。故填angry。
12.His (hurt) remarks about her appearance made her feel ashamed and upset.
【答案】hurtful
【详解】句意:他关于她外貌的伤人的话让她感到羞愧和不安。hurt“伤害”,此处应用形容词hurtful“伤人的”作定语,修饰名词remarks。故填hurtful。
13.She is a very (emotion) person who often cries during heartwarming movies.
【答案】emotional
【详解】句意:她是一个非常感性的/情绪丰富的人,看感人的电影时经常哭。空处修饰名词person,需要使用形容词,emotion为名词,其形容词形式为emotional。故填emotional。
14.We are (thank) to our parents for taking good care of us.
【答案】thankful
【详解】句意:我们感谢父母细心照顾我们。thank意为“感谢”,动词。根据“We are ... to our parents for taking good care of us.”可知,谓语动词are后需跟形容词作表语,thank的形容词形式为thankful,意为“感激的、感谢的”。故填thankful。
15.The doctor advised him (drink) more water and get enough rest.
【答案】to drink
【详解】句意:医生建议他多喝水,好好休息。drink意为“喝”,动词。根据“The doctor advised him ... more water and get enough rest.”可知,advise sb. to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“建议某人做某事”,advise后接动词不定式做宾语补足语,drink的不定式形式为to drink。故填to drink。
16.It was hard to make the (decide) but I thought I should be right at last.
【答案】decision
【详解】句意:做这个决定很难,但我认为最终我应该是对的。根据括号内的单词提示可知,decide“决定”,为动词;make the decision“做决定”,是固定搭配,因此应填动词decide的名词形式decision。故填decision。
17.His brother is a great basketball (play).
【答案】player
【详解】句意:他的哥哥是一名很棒的篮球运动员。根据“a”可知,此处需接可数名词单数,play是动词,意为“打(球);玩”,其对应的名词形式player表示“运动员;选手”,符合“篮球运动员”的语境。故填player。
18.After a long discussion, they made their decision (last).
【答案】lastly
【详解】句意:经过长时间的讨论,他们最终做出了决定。根据括号内的单词提示可知,last“最后的”,形容词,此处需用副词修饰动词短语made their decision,因此应填last的副词形式lastly“最终”。故填lastly。
19.When you meet problems, you should share them with others instead of (shut) yourself away.
【答案】shutting
【详解】句意:遇到问题时,你应该和别人分享,而不是把自己封闭起来。shut“关闭;封闭”,是动词,instead of为介词短语,后接动名词形式,shut的动名词是shutting。故填shutting。
20.I don’t know you are so (stress), and you can do something to relax.
【答案】stressed
【详解】句意:我不知道你这么紧张,你可以做点事放松一下。stress“压力;使紧张”,是名词/动词,so后接形容词,修饰人用stressed“感到紧张的、有压力的”。故填stressed。
第四部分 重点语法及专练
(1) although引导让步状语从句
although作连词,意为“尽管;虽然;即使”,引导让 步状语从句,所引导的从句放在主句前后均可。 当位于主句之前时,常用逗号与主句隔开;位于主 句之后时,通常不用逗号。
1.Although people might hurt you sometimes,it doesn't always mean that they did it on purpose.
虽然人们有时可能会伤害你,但这并不总是意味着他们是故意的。
2.His :English is excellent although he speaks with a pronounced French accent.
尽管有明显的法国口音,他的英语还是极好的。
【拓展】
although、though 和 even if/though 都可以表示 “虽然”,可以互换使用,但 though 多用于口语。
Eg:She kept her coat on, although/though it was hot in the room.尽管屋里热,她仍然穿着外套。
【注意】
although、though不能和but同时使用,但可以和yet 或still连用。
Although he has done well in his studies,he still works really hard.
尽管他学习成绩已经很优秀了,他仍然非常努力。
(2) until引导时间状语从句
until作连词,引导时间状语从句:
句型
用法
例句
用于肯定句
主句的谓语动词为延续性动词,它表示的动作一直持续到从句所表示的时间为止,until意为“直到……为止”
Let's wait until the rain stops.咱们等雨停了吧。
用于否定句
主句的谓语动词一般为非延续性动词,它所表示的动作直到从句所表示的时间才发生,no...until意为“直到……才”
You won't know how he feels until you talk to him. 直到你和他谈谈,你才会知道他的感受。
【注意】
until的同义词为till,until可以放在句首,但till一般不用于句首。
(3) so that引导目的状语从句
so that引导目的状语从句时,意为“以便;为了”, 此时可与in order that互换,从句中经常出现表示 “能够;可以”的情态动词,如 can、could、may、might 、will、would等 。
1.Talk to your loved ones whenever you feel good or bad so that your joy will be doubled,and your problems will be reduced by half.
无论你什么时候 感觉好或不好,都和你所爱的人谈谈,这样你的快 乐就会加倍,你的问题会减少一半。
2.He raised his voice so that/in order that everyone could hear.他抬高嗓门好让大家都听见。
【拓展】
so that 还引导结果状语从句,意为“因此,所以”。
He didn’t plan his time very well, so that he didn't finish the work in time.
他没有很好地计划时间,所以未及时完成工作。
【同步语法练习】
1.—What have you learned after watching the movie Nezha II?
—We should never give up our dreams ________ we may meet with many difficulties.
A.although B.until C.while D.if
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——看完《哪吒2》后你学到了什么?——尽管我们可能会遇到很多困难,我们也永远不应该放弃梦想。
考查连词辨析。although尽管;until直到;while当……时;if如果。根据“We should never give up our dreams…we may meet with many difficulties.”的句意可知,此处句意发生了让步,表示“尽管有困难,也不放弃”,although符合。故选A。
2.________ English has a history of about 1,500 years, the first English dictionary didn’t appear until the 18th century.
A.Because B.Although C.Unless D.When
【答案】B
【详解】句意:尽管英语有大约1500年的历史,但第一本英语词典直到18世纪才出现。
考查连词辨析。Because因为;Although尽管;Unless除非;When当……时。根据句意,前半句说英语历史悠久,后半句说词典出现很晚,前后是让步关系,表示“虽然……但是……”。故选B。
3.________ the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (抗日战争) was over 80 years ago, the heroes still live in our hearts.
A.Although B.As C.If D.But
【答案】A
【详解】句意:虽然中国人民抗日战争已经过去80多年了,但英雄们仍然活在我们心中。
考查连词辨析。Although虽然;As因为/当……时;If如果;But但是。根据句意,前后两部分为转折关系,且空格位于句首引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然……但是……”,应用Although。故选A。
4.________ it was very cold, ________ my grandfather still went swimming in Jinsha River last weekend.
A.Although; but B.Although; / C.But; although D./; although
【答案】B
【详解】句意:虽然天气很冷,但我爷爷上周末还是去金沙江游泳了。
考查连词的用法。Although尽管,虽然;but但是。although和but不能在同一个句子中同时使用;根据句意可知,前半句“天气冷”是让步条件,后半句“仍去游泳”是转折结果,应用“Although”引导让步状语从句,后半句无需再用but。故选B。
5.Many Chinese people are too shy to say “I love you” to their parents ________ they love them very much.
A.although B.because C.so that D.when
【答案】A
【详解】句意:许多中国人太害羞,不敢对父母说“我爱你”,尽管他们非常爱父母。
考查连词辨析。although尽管;because因为;so that为了;when当……时。根据句意,前后两句之间“很爱父母”与“却害羞不敢说”为转折关系,应用although引导让步状语从句。故选A。
6.________ my parents loved me, I felt a bit unhappy with them.
A.Although B.So C.If D.Because
【答案】A
【详解】句意:尽管我的父母很爱我,但我对他们还是感到些许不满。
考查连词辨析。Although尽管;So所以;If如果;Because因为。根据句意,前半句 “my parents loved me”是积极语境,后半句 “I felt a bit unhappy with them”是转折性的消极感受,二者存在 “让步转折” 关系,用although引导让步状语从句。故选A。
7.________ it was rather difficult at first, he didn’t give up and finally mastered the skill.
A.Though B.Because C.If D.Since
【答案】A
【详解】句意:尽管起初相当困难,但他没有放弃,最终掌握了这项技能。
考查连词辨析。Though尽管;Because因为;If如果;Since 自从,既然。根据句意,前半句“起初相当困难”与后半句“他没有放弃”之间存在让步关系,应使用表示“尽管”的连词。故选A。
8.—________ the Moon doesn’t give off light, it looks bright at night.
—That’s because it can reflect the light of the Sun.
A.So B.Because C.If D.Although
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——虽然月亮不发光,但它在晚上看起来很明亮。——那是因为它能反射太阳光。
考查连词辨析。So所以;Because因为;If如果;Although虽然。根据“the Moon doesn’t give off light, it looks bright at night.”可知,是指虽然月亮不发光,但它在晚上看起来很明亮,前后句是让步关系,用Although引导让步状语从句。故选D。
9.—Being an actor is not suitable for you, ________ you like acting.
—I think so. You know I am too shy to act in front of others.
A.but B.though C.if D.yet
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——当演员不适合你,尽管你喜欢表演。——我也这么认为。你知道我太害羞了,不敢在别人面前表演。
考查连词辨析。but但是;though尽管;if如果;yet然而。根据前后句意“不适合当演员”和“喜欢表演”可知,此处表示让步关系,意为“尽管你喜欢表演,但(当演员)不适合你”。故选B。
10.You may not know the value of health ________ you lose it.
A.until B.though C.because D.but
【答案】A
【详解】句意:直到失去健康,你才可能知道它的价值。
考查连词辨析。until直到;though尽管;because因为;but但是。根据“may not know the value of health ... you lose it.”可知,是指直到失去健康,才可能知道它的价值,“not...until...”表示“直到……才……”。故选A。
11.Lucy couldn’t watch cartoons ________ she finished all her school projects after dinner.
A.until B.when C.if D.so that
【答案】A
【详解】句意:露西直到晚饭后完成所有学校项目才能看动画片。
考查连词辨析。until直到;when当……时;if如果;so that以便。根据“couldn’t watch cartoons”可知,这是“not ... until ...”的固定句型,意为“直到……才……”,符合“完成项目后才能看动画片”的逻辑。故选A。
12.The little boy kept crying at the school gate _________ his mother came to pick him up.
A.until B.because C.or D.whether
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这个小男孩在学校门口一直哭,直到他的妈妈来接他。
考查连词辨析。until直到;because因为;or或者;whether是否。根据“The little boy kept crying at the school gate ... his mother came to pick him up”可知,此处表示“小男孩一直哭,直到他妈妈来接他”;until直到,符合语境。故选A。
13.The team worked on the project for many years ________ they made a breakthrough.
A.if B.until C.because D.although
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这个团队在这个项目上工作了多年,直到他们取得了突破。
考查连词辨析。if如果;until直到;because因为;although尽管。根据“The team worked on the project for many years…they made a breakthrough”可知,团队持续工作多年,最终取得突破,表示动作持续到某个时间点为止,应用“until”连接。故选B。
14.It’s raining too hard outside. We won’t leave ________ the rain stops.
A.if B.after C.when D.until
【答案】D
【详解】句意:外面雨下得太大了。我们直到雨停了才会离开。
考查连词辨析。if如果,表条件;after在……之后,表时间;when当……时,表时间;until直到,常与not连用,表示“直到……才”。根据主句中的“won’t leave”(不会离开)和句意逻辑可知,此处应用“not...until...”结构,表示“直到雨停才会离开”。故选D。
15.He won’t go to bed ________ he finishes his homework.
A.though B.until C.because D.when
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他直到完成作业才会去睡觉。
考查连词辨析。though尽管;until直到……为止;because因为;when当……时。根据主句“He won’t go to bed”和从句“he finishes his homework”的逻辑关系可知,此处表示直到完成作业才会去睡觉,“not...until...”表示“直到……才……”,符合句意。故选B。
16.—May I go out to answer the phone, sir?
—Don’t go out ________ the meeting is over.
A.until B.while C.so D.after
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——先生,我可以出去接电话吗? ——会议结束之前不要出去。
考查连词辨析。until直到;while当……时;so所以;after在……之后。根据“Don’t go out…the meeting is over.”可知,此处是“not…until…”结构,表示“直到……才……”,即“会议结束前不要出去”。故选A。
17.Lisa keeps improving her work ________ the final result matches the design in her mind.
A.if B.until C.when D.since
【答案】B
【详解】句意:Lisa不断改进她的工作,直到最终结果与她脑海中的设计相匹配。
考查连词辨析。if如果;until直到;when当……时;since自从。根据“keeps improving her work ... the final result matches the design in her mind.”可知,是指一直改进工作,直到与脑海中的设计相匹配,强调某个动作持续到另一个状态出现,用until引导时间状语从句。故选B。
18.You need to cook the noodles for about ten minutes ________ they’re ready.
A.before B.after C.until D.when
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你需要煮面条大约十分钟,直到它们好了。
考查连词辨析。before在……之前;after在……之后;until直到;when当……时。根据“You need to cook the noodles for about ten minutes... they’re ready.”可知,煮面条的动作需要持续到面条好了为止,表示动作的终点,因此用“until”表示“直到”。故选C。
19. Xu Dawei wants to pass the Civilian Mobile Library on to his son _______ it can stay open forever.
A.before B.although C.so that D.if
【答案】C
【详解】句意:徐大伟想把平民流动图书馆传给他的儿子,以便它能永远开放。
考查连词辨析。before在……之前;although尽管;so that以便,为了;if如果。根据“Xu Dawei wants to pass the Civilian Mobile Library on to his son ... it can stay open forever.”可知,前半句“传给儿子”的目的是让图书馆永远开放,应选用表目的的连词 so that。故选C。
20.He worked very hard ________ he could pass the exam easily.
A.so that B.because C.since D.while
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他学习非常努力,以便他能轻松通过考试。
考查连词辨析。so that 以便;because 因为;since 既然;while 当……时。根据“He worked very hard…he could pass the exam easily.”可知,他努力学习是为了轻松通过考试,此处应用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。
21.—I think I am not good at speaking English. What should I do?
—Be more active in class ________ you can improve your spoken English.
A.unless B.although C.so that D.until
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我认为我不擅长说英语。我该怎么办?——在课堂上更积极一些,以便你能提高你的英语口语。
考查连词辨析。unless除非;although虽然;so that以便;until直到。根据“Be more active in class... you can improve your spoken English.”可知,空前意为“在课堂上更积极”,空后为“你能提高英语口语”,因此需要表示目的的连词so that,故选C。
22.—Our school has set up a reading corner in each classroom.
—Great! Students can read more books ________ they can improve their writing skills.
A.because of B.even though C.as if D.so that
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我们学校在每个教室都设立了一个阅读角。——太棒了!学生们可以读更多的书,以便他们能提高写作技能。
考查从属连词辨析。because of因为;even though即使;as if好像;so that以便,为了。根据“Students can read more books...they can improve their writing skills.”可知,读更多书的目的是提高写作技能,用so that引导目的状语从句。故选D。
23.We save money ________ we can buy a new house.
A.so B.so that C.where D.if
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们存钱,以便我们能买一套新房子。
考查连词辨析。so所以;so that为了,以便;where在哪里;if如果。根据“We save money...we can buy a new house.”可知,“存钱”的目的是“能买一套新房子”,应用so that引导目的状语从句。故选B。
24.I spoke slowly ________ everyone could understand me.
A.so that B.because C.when D.if
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我说得很慢,以便每个人都能听懂我的话。
考查连词辨析。so that以便,为了,引导目的状语从句;because因为,引导原因状语从句;when当……时候,引导时间状语从句;if如果,引导条件状语从句。根据前后句句意可知,“everyone could understand me”是“I spoke slowly”的目的,所以此处应用so that来引导目的状语从句。故选A。
25.Lisa needs to finish her work as carefully as possible ________ she cannot make mistakes.
A.because B.so that C.so D.but
【答案】B
【详解】句意:莉萨需要尽可能仔细地完成她的工作,以便她不会出错。
考查连词辨析。because因为;so that以便;为了;so所以;but但是。根据“she cannot make mistakes”可知,莉萨仔细完成工作的目的是为了不出错。故选B。
第五部分 写作及强化训练
写作话题
本单元的话题是“写一封感谢信”,针对这一话题,我们可以围绕表达感谢的具体事件、阐述对方的帮助带来的积极影响以及抒发真挚情感展开写作。此类作文常以书信或便条的形式进行考查,文体常为应用文。人称多采用第一人称与第二人称,时态以一般过去时和一般现在时为主,写作时应按照事情发展顺序或情感递进顺序叙述感谢的缘由与心意。本单元相关话题写作素材有:
(1)Thank you for helping me to.谢谢你帮助我.
(2)On that day, I..., and you helped me to ...那天,我……,你帮助我……
(3)You took the time to., although you were so busy.尽管您很忙,却仍抽出时间来..
(4)I couldn't. until.我无法..直到..
(5)I am very thankful because.我非常感激,因为.
(6)When I..,you were there to.当我..,你在那里..
写作框架
1. 开头段(Opening Paragraph)
自我介绍(若对方不熟悉自己可补充)、点明写信目的——表达感谢。例:
Dear Miss Wang, I am writing to express my sincere thanks to you for helping me with my English study last term.(尊敬的王老师,我写这封信是为了衷心感谢你上学期在英语学习上对我的帮助。)
2. 正文段(Body Paragraph)
具体阐述感谢事由,说明对方的行为、自己的处境及该行为带来的积极影响,可适当补充细节增强真实性。例:
I used to be weak in English listening and was afraid to speak in class. You patiently helped me analyze my problems and advised me to listen to English news every day. With your guidance, my listening and speaking skills have improved greatly.(我以前英语听力很差,还害怕在课堂上发言。你耐心地帮我分析问题,并建议我每天听英语新闻。在你的指导下,我的听说能力有了很大提升。)
3. 结尾段(Closing Paragraph)
再次强调感谢,表达祝福或回馈意愿,收尾得体。例:
Thank you again for your kindness and patience. I wish you good health and a happy life.(再次感谢你的善良与耐心。祝你身体健康、生活愉快。)
词句积累
词汇积累
1. 核心词汇
(1)情感类
grateful(adj. 感激的)、thankful(adj. 感谢的)、sincere(adj. 真诚的)、appreciative(adj. 感激的)、warm-hearted(adj. 热心的)、kind(adj. 善良的)、friendly(adj. 友好的)、helpful(adj. 有帮助的)
(2)帮助与支持
help(v./n. 帮助)、assist(v. 协助)、support(v./n. 支持)、guide(v./n. 指导)、advise(v. 建议)、encourage(v. 鼓励)、aid(v./n. 援助)、comfort(v. 安慰)、rescue(v./n. 救助)、donate(v. 捐赠)、offer(v. 主动提供)、provide(v. 提供)
(3)行为与影响
helpful(adj. 有帮助的)、useful(adj. 有用的)、valuable(adj. 珍贵的)、important(adj. 重要的)、significant(adj. 有意义的)、improve(v. 提升)、progress(v./n. 进步)、succeed(v. 成功)、achieve(v. 实现)、overcome(v. 克服)、solve(v. 解决)、deal with(处理)
句型积累
【开头句】
1.How time flies!时间过得真快啊!
2.I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude.我写信是想表达我衷心的感激之情。
3.How is your stay in...?您在······待着感觉怎么样?
4.I am writing to you because I want to tell you a piece of good news that....我给您写信是因为我想告诉您一则······的好消息。
5.I am writing to you because I want to thank you for your hospitality.我给您写信是想表达一下对您热情周到的招待的感激之情。
6.I'm writing to express my thanks for...我写这封信是为了表达我对······的谢意。
7.I am writing to you because...因为······,我给您写这封信。
8.I'm writing to thank you for your great help!我写信来谢谢你巨大的帮助!
【中间句】
1.Many thanks for your kind and warm help.多谢您善良热情的帮助。
2.Thank you for your generous hospitality.多谢您的款待。
3.Thanks to your help,I can get the prize.多亏了您的帮助,我才得到了这个奖。
【结尾句】
1.I hope I can express my thanks to you in person.我希望能够亲自向您表达谢意。
2.I'm sincerely grateful for all your help.对于您的帮助,我真的非常感激。
3.Thank you for your kindness to have done me a favour.对于您的善意的帮忙,我向您表示感谢。
4.Many thanks for all the good things you have done in helping us to...非常感谢您为帮助我们······所做的一切。
5.I am glad to hear that you will visit our school soon.听说您很快会来我们学校参观,我特别高兴。
范文欣赏
Dear Tom,
I am writing to express my sincere thanks to you for helping me with my math homework last weekend. I used to be weak in math and always felt worried before exams. When you knew about my problem, you volunteered to come to my home and helped me.
You patiently explained difficult problems to me and taught me some useful learning methods. With your help, I finally understood the key points and finished my homework successfully. Now I am more confident in math.
Thank you again for your kindness. I wish you a happy life and good grades.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
【同步练习】
1.学习和生活的道路从来都不是一帆风顺,你一定曾因学习的问题、家人给予的压力等感到焦虑,但幸运的是你的朋友给予了你帮助和建议。假如你是李华,针对这些难忘的经历,请给你的朋友写一封感谢信。参考要点:1.曾经的压力或焦虑(成绩下降,人际关系差等);
2.朋友给予的建议或帮助;
3.感谢;
4.……
要求:1.词数80-120(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数);
2.不能出现真实姓名和班级等信息。
Dear Tom,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Tom,
I am so lucky to have a friend like you. Last month, I felt really stressed because my grades dropped suddenly. My parents kept arguing about my study, and I even started to avoid talking to classmates.
One day, you noticed I was upset and asked me to take a walk with you. You listened quietly as I cried and said, “It’s okay to feel tired. Let’s find a way together.” You helped me make a study plan and encouraged me to talk to my parents. When I was afraid to speak, you said, “I’ll be with you.” Thanks to you, I slowly improved my math and had a heart-to-heart talk with my parents.
Tom, you’re not just a friend—you’re my sunshine. I’m so grateful to have you by my side!
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材: 书信作文
②时态:一般过去时态+一般现在时态
③提示:涵盖所有要点,并适当补充。
[写作步骤]
第一步:点明压力原因
第二步:详述朋友帮助
第三步:表达感谢
[亮点词汇]
① avoid避免
②notice注意
③encourage鼓励
[高分句型]
① My parents kept arguing about my study, and I even started to avoid talking to classmates. (并列句)
②One day, you noticed I was upset and asked me to take a walk with you. (ask sb to do sth)
2.假设你叫Mike,是一名在北京待了一年的英国交换生。现在你要回国了,请根据下面的内容要点写一封感谢信,表达你对在你做交换生期间给过你帮助的老师、同学及朋友们的感激之情。
内容包括:
1. 刚到中国时,一切都很陌生,在老师和同学的帮助下,参加了学校俱乐部,学到了很多东西。
2. 在遇到困难的时候,大家总会来帮助你。
3. 游览了很多北京的名胜古迹,如长城、故宫等,也品尝了很多美食,并学习了很多中国的历史和文化。
4. 这是一次难忘的交换生之旅。
要求:
1. 80词左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。2. 感谢信必须包含所有提示内容,并可作适当发挥。3. 条理清楚,语句通顺,意思连贯,书写规范。
Dear everyone,
I appreciated a lot that all you have given me during the past year. ________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you so much again.
Yours sincerely,
Mike
【答案】
Dear everyone,
I appreciated a lot that all you have given me during the past year.
I have been here for a year, as you know, I am an exchange student. Everything is strange in the beginning. Thanks to my teachers and friends’ help, I have learnt much. In the past year, I have been in the school club. I have learnt a lot from others. When I had problems, you always came to help me. And I have been to many places of interest such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, Tian’anmen Square and so on. Also, I have tasted the delicious food. China is a country with a long history, so I haven’t missed learning about Chinese history and culture.
My experiences in China are few. But I will never forget them, and I will always remember every one of you.
Thank you so much again.
Yours sincerely,
Mike
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇应用文,为感谢信;
②时态:时态主要为现在完成时;
③提示:写信主题为感谢,注意写清楚来信目的,需包含所有内容提示,可围绕要点适当发挥。
[写作步骤]
第一步,表明来信目的是感谢;
第二步,具体描写要感谢的人和事;
第三步,书写结语,表达感受。
[亮点词汇]
①thanks to多亏
②such as例如
③learn about了解
[高分句型]
①When I had problems, you always came to help me.(时间状语从句)
②China is a country with a long history, so I haven’t missed learning about Chinese history and culture.(并列句)
3.在初中即将毕业之际,请你以张明的名义给英国笔友Brian写一封感谢信,要点提示如下:
三年前
你来到新的班级,没有朋友,感到孤独
三年中
Brian多次给你写信,他在信中:
鼓励你多交朋友;
告诉你学好英语的方法;
和你分享快乐;
你变得……
近年来天津发生很大变化,你邀请他来天津游玩
参考词汇:分享快乐 share happiness
要求:
(1)词数:80~100个
(2)信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数
(3)要点齐全,行文连贯,可适当发挥
Dear Brian,
How time flies! We have been friends for three years. I’m writing to thank you for your help!
Three years ago,___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Hope to see you soon!
Yours,
Zhang Ming
【答案】
Dear Brian,
How time flies! We have been friends for three years. I’m writing to thank you for your help!
Three years ago, I came to a new class, and I had no friends, so I felt lonely. You wrote to me many times. In your letter, you encouraged me to make more friends and told me how to learn English well. During these three years, you shared happiness with me. And I became happy. In recent years, great changes have happened in Tianjin. Could you come and go on vacation in Tianjin?
Hope to see you soon!
Yours,
Zhang Ming
【详解】1.题干解读:本文是一篇书信作文。主要是感谢Brian在过去三年中给予的照顾。
2.写作指导:本文采用一般过去时和一般现在时。分为三段式:第一段开头已给出;第二段介绍过去三年对方给予自己的照顾和关心,并邀请对方来天津游玩;最后一段表达自己的希望。写作时保持主谓一致性,做到无语法和标点错误。
4.假如你是李华,在毕业来临之际,你打算写一封信对外教老师Ms. White表示感谢。请你根据以下内容提示,用英语完成这封感谢信。
内容提示:
要求:1. 感谢信需包括内容提示中的要点,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
2. 语言表达要准确,语意要通顺;
3. 词数不少于80,感谢信的格式和开头已给出,但不计入总词数。
Dear Ms. White,
How time flies! It’s time for us to say goodbye.__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Ms. White,
How time flies! It’s time for us to say goodbye. I am writing this letter to express my sincere gratitude to you for your help during my middle school years.
You are not only a knowledgeable teacher but also a kind friend. I still remember when I first met you; I was too shy to speak English in public because I was afraid of making mistakes. It was you who encouraged me to open my mouth and speak up in class. With your help, I have become more confident and fallen in love with English.
Thank you for everything you have done for me. I wish you health and happiness every day.
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇书信作文;
②时态:回顾过去发生的事情用“一般过去时”,表达现在的感受和祝愿用“一般现在时”;
③提示:写作要点包括向老师表达感谢,以及分享一件老师对你影响深远的事情。
[写作步骤]
第一步:开篇点题,直接表明写信目的是为了表达对Ms. White的感激之情;
第二步:具体叙述一件老师影响深远的事;
第三步:再次表达感谢,并送上美好的祝福。
[亮点词汇]
①express表达
②knowledgeable知识渊博的
③be afraid of害怕
④encourage鼓励
⑤fall in love with爱上
[高分句型]
①I am writing this letter to express my sincere gratitude to you for your help during my middle school years. (动词不定式作目的状语)
②I was too shy to speak English in public because I was afraid of making mistakes. (because引导的原因状语从句)
5.三年的初中生活即将结束,在这段美好的时光里,许多人给予了你帮助,比如老师、父母、同学、朋友或兄弟姐妹。假如你是李华,请选择其中一位你最想感谢的人,写一封感谢信,表达你的感激之情。
内容要点:
(1)你想感谢的人是谁;
(2)他/她在哪些方面给予了你帮助;
(3)在他的/她的帮助下,你取得的进步或成长。
注意事项:
(1)词数80-100词(开头已给出,不计入总词数);
(2)语句通顺,条理清晰,可适当增加细节,使行文连贯;
(3)文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。
A Thank-you Letter
Dear Ms. Wang,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
A Thank-you Letter
Dear Ms. Wang,
How time flies! My junior high life is ending, and I want to express my deepest gratitude to you.
You have been my English teacher for three years. Whenever I struggled with grammar, you patiently explained it with vivid examples. You also encouraged me to join the school speech contest, which boosted my confidence. Thanks to your guidance, my English scores improved from average to top 10 in class. More importantly, you taught me that learning is a joyful journey, not just about grades.
You are not only a teacher but also a lifelong mentor. I will always remember your kindness.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文一篇感谢信。
②时态:主要运用一般现在时。
③提示:写作时需完整涵盖这些要点,可适当增添具体事例使内容更丰富、生动。
[写作步骤]
第一步,开篇点题,直接点明写信背景是初中生活即将结束,以及写信目的是向对方表达最深的感激之情,引出下文对老师的感谢内容,让读者迅速明确信件主旨。
第二步,具体阐述帮助内容,并说明进步与成长,体现了在老师帮助下自己在知识学习和观念层面的双重成长。
第三步, 结尾升华老师的角色,再次强调对老师的感激和铭记,使信件情感真挚且富有感染力。
[亮点词汇]
①struggle with与……作斗争
②boost my confidence增强我的信心
③lifelong mentor终身导师
[高分句型]
①Whenever I struggled with grammar, you patiently explained it with vivid examples.(时间状语从句)
②You also encouraged me to join the school speech contest, which boosted my confidence.(非限制性定语从句)
$2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元知识盘点
Unit 3 Growing Up.
目录
第一部分 词汇检测
第二部分 句型熟记
第三部分 词汇精讲精练
第四部分 重点语法及专练
第五部分 写作及强化训练
第一部分 重点词汇
【重点单词】
名词
/
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
__________________n.怒火
__________________n.过错;责任
____________________n. 礼物
__________________n.奖;奖品
_________________n.压力
__________________n.目的;意图
__________________n.运动员;选手
___________________n.决定
__________________n.得分;比分
____________________n.教练
__________________n.解决办法;解决
___________________n.物理;物理学
动词
_________________v. 建议;劝告
______________v. 原谅;宽恕
___________________v.道歉
________________v. 关闭;合上;住嘴
______________________发出铃声
____________________v.进入
_____________________v. 重复
__________________v.表现;举止得体
形容词
_________________adj.难过的;沮丧的
_______________adj.孤独的;寂寞的
____________adj.震惊的
_________________adj.伤感情的
________________adj.沮丧的;低的
________________adj.骄傲的;自豪的
________________adj.高兴的;令人愉快的
________________adj.感谢的;感激的
__________________adj.否定的;消极的
________________adj.醒着的
________________adj.正常的;普通的
________________adj.发狂的;疯的
_________________adj.刻薄的;吝啬的
副词
____________________adv.独自;单独
_______________________adv.清楚地
________________adv.最后
_____________________adv.不同地
代词
_________________pron.充足;丰富;大量
_______________pron.每人;所有人
连词
__________________conj.虽然;尽管
兼类词
____________________v.& n.控制
____________________n.标准;水平adj.标准的
_________________v.&modal v.敢于
___________________v.霸凌;恐吓 n.恶霸
【词性变形】
1.emotion n. 情感;情绪 → _________________adj. 情感的;情绪的
2.shocked adj. 震惊的 → _______________n. 震惊;v. 使震惊 → _______________adj. 令人震惊的
3.anger n. 怒火 → ______________adj. 生气的;愤怒的 → ________________adv. 生气地;愤怒地
4.advise v. 建议;劝告 → _________________n. 建议;劝告
5.low adj. 沮丧的;低的→ ________________v. 降低; 减少 (同时也是比较级)
6.enter v. 进入→ ______________n. 入口;进入 → ______________________n. 进入;条目
7.clearly adv. 清楚地→ __________adj. 清晰的;v. 清理 → ______________n. 明确;清楚;清晰
8.hurtful adj. 伤感情的 → _______________v. 伤害;n. 伤害
9.clearly adv. 清楚地 → _______________adj. 清晰的;v. 清理 → ____________n. 清晰度;明确性
10.pressure n. 压力 → _________________v. 压;按
11.apologize (=apologise)v. 道歉 → ________________n. 道歉;歉意
12.decision n. 决定 → ________________v. 决定;断定 → __________________adj. 决定性的;果断的
13.proud adj. 骄傲的;自豪的 → ____________n. 骄傲;自豪 → _______________adv. 骄傲地;自豪地
14.solution n. 解决办法;解决 → _________________v. 解决;解答
15.joyful adj. 高兴的;令人愉快的 → ______________n. 欢乐;喜悦→ _______________adv. 高兴地;快乐地→ ________________v. 喜欢; 享受; 欣赏
16.thankful adj. 感谢的;感激的→ ______________v. 感谢;n. 感谢→ __________adv. 感谢地;感激地
17.negative adj. 否定的;消极的→ __________adv. 否定地;消极地→ ______________adj. 积极的; 乐观的(反义词)
18.behave v. 表现;举止得体 → _____________n. 行为;举止
19.differently adv. 不同地 → _____________adj. 不同的;有差异的 → _______________n. 差异;不同
20.physics n. 物理;物理学 → ___________adj. 物理的;身体的 → ________________n. 物理学家
21.awake adj. 醒着的→ _____________ v.(使)醒来; 被唤起(更正式,不与up连用)
22.normal adj. 正常的;普通的;n. 常态;标准 → ______________adv. 正常地;通常
23.mad /mæd/ adj. 发狂的; 疯的→ _____________n. 疯狂;愚蠢→ ___________adv. 疯狂地;极度地
24.mean adj. 刻薄的;吝啬的;v. 意思是;意味着 → ________________n. 意思;含义→ ________________adj. 重要的;重大的;意味深长的
25.deep adj. 深的;……深的;adv. 深深地 → __________n. 深度;深处→ _____________v. 加深;深化
→ ______________adv. 深深地; 深刻地; 深沉地
26.remain v. 继续存在;保持不变 → ______________adj. 剩余的;剩下的 → ______________n. 剩余物;余数
【重点短语】
1. ___________________ 对…感到难过
2._________________ 是我的错。
3. _________________ 打算做某事
4. _________________ 向某人道歉
5. ___________________ 以便
6. ________________ 消除误会; 尽释前嫌
7. __________________ 和朋友争论
8. ___________________ 丢失了特别的东西
9. ______________________ 害怕做某事
10. ___________________ 最后
11. ___________________ 有很高的标准
12. ___________________ 把A和B作比较
14. _____________________ 把事情写下来
15. _____________________ 感到很大的压力
16. _____________________ 因某事感到心烦
17. _____________________ 故意地
18. _____________________ 减少一半
19. ___________________ 设身处地为别人着想
20. ______________________ 感到有压力
21. ____________________ 理清思绪
22. ___________________ 把自己封闭起来
23. ___________________ 控制你的愤怒
24. _________________________ 说某人的坏话
25. ____________________ 感到欢天喜地
26. _________________ 面带愁容
27.____________________ 情绪高涨
29. ___________________ 敢于做某事
30. ____________________ 让所有人失望
31. _____________________对自己很苛刻
32. _____________________ 尊重他的决定
33. ____________________ 撤回; 收回
34. ____________________ 有很好的机会做某事
35. _________________ 自责
36. ___________________ 从好的方面想
37. _____________________为…感到骄傲
38. ___________ 作为一个团队一起工作=齐心协力
39. __________________ 很幸运做某事
40. ____________________ 即使
41. ___________________ 带着悲伤的表情
42. __________________________ 为…道歉
43. ____________________ 出错
44. ________________________ 归属感
45. ___________________________ 对抗孤独感
46. _______________________ 对某人大喊大叫
47. _____________________ 在压力之下
48. _____________________ 醒着
49. ____________________ 对别人生气
50. ___________________ 时不时地
51. ____________________ 对某人说刻薄的话
52. _______________________ 深呼吸
53. ____________________ 选择做某事
54. _____________________ 由某人决定
55. ______________________ 去世
56. ______________________ 不但…而且…
57. __________________ 太多压力
58. ___________________ 糟糕的关系
59. ______________________ 校园欺凌
60. ______________________ 专注于
第二部分 重点句型
1.Harry and I ____________________ a few days ago.哈里和我几天前吵了一架。
2.Peter couldn't _____________________ when he talked to Harry.彼得和哈里说话时控制不住自己的怒气。
3.If you did ______________, maybe you should ______________. 如果你做错了事,或许你应该先说声对不起。
4.I didn't ___________________ it. 我不是故意那么做的。
5.Thanks for _______________________. 谢谢你接电话。
6.I wanted to call ___________, but I didn't know _____________ say ____________ I spoke to Ella.我想早点打电话,但在跟艾拉谈之前,我不知道该说什么。
7.Harry also _______________ the fight and wanted to talk to Peter __________they could _________________.哈里也对这次争吵感到难过,他想和彼得谈谈,以便消除误会。
8.I was very ___________, and I was _______________ my dad about it too. 我非常难过,而且也不敢把这件事告诉我爸爸。
9.Did you find the watch _______________?你最后找到手表了吗?
10.They often _______________ me _____________ my cousin, Kate. 他们经常拿我和我的表姐凯特作比较。
11.But I'm __________ your parents just want you _____________,_______________ they may not show it.
但我相信你的父母只是希望你能做得好,尽管他们可能没有表现出来。
12.How about __________ them a letter _____________you can ________ your message ________________?给他们写封信怎么样?这样你可以清楚地传达你的意思。
13.____________ things __________ can also make you ____________.
把事情写下来也能让你感觉好一些。
14.____________ people might ________ you sometimes,it doesn't always _______ that they did it ___________.
虽然人们有时可能会伤害到你,但这并不总是意味着他们是故意的。
15.You won't ____________ why she got upset ___________you _______________.
只有设身处地站在她的角度,你才会明白她为什么生气。
16.Next,_______ your problems __________ someone you trust __________yourself ___________.接下来,把你的问题分享给你信任的人,而不是把自己封闭起来。
17.Lastly,___________ take care of yourself, eat ______________,exercise and get ___________. 最后,记得照顾好你自己。吃健康的食物,锻炼身体,保证充足的睡眠。
18.When the bell ___________, Matt entered the classroom __________________.
当铃声响起时,马特带着沉重的心情走进了教室。
19.I'm really ___________ about _____________everybody ___________.
真的很抱歉让大家失望了。
20.We'll ______________ together ________ a team. ______________, and all for one.
我们会继续作为一个团队一起努力。人人为我,我为人人。
21.______________you try your best, you ______________ or win.
即使你尽了最大努力,也不总是能成功或获胜。
22.When you ___________________, you can ________________ great things.
当你们作为一个团队共同工作时,就能取得伟大的成就。
23.A ______________ of _____________ can help you ____________ the feeling of ________________.
归属感可以帮助你对抗孤独感。
24.I know you _______________ to do that. People can __________ differently ___________________.
我知道你不是故意那么做的。人在压力下可能会有不同的表现。
25.___________ it is ___________ to ________________ others ________________, we should always try our best to ___________our anger ___________ expressing it ________________.
虽然偶尔对他人生气是正常的,但我们应当尽力控制自己的愤怒,而不是用不好的方式发泄出来。
26.Getting angry is _____________, but you what you ______________ with your anger ______________.
生气是正常的,但你选择如何处理自己的愤怒取决于你自己。
27.I ______________ that science was _______________ and difficult and I did badly in class.
我曾经以为科学既无聊又难学,在课堂上表现也很差。
28.I couldn't ______________ my feelings to anybody __________ you ____________ during lunch that day.
直到那天你在午餐时坐在我身边,我才敢和别人谈论我的感受。
29.Thank you so much for being ________________ my teacher _________________ my friend.
我非常感谢您,您不仅是我的老师,也是我的朋友。
第三部分 词汇精讲精练
重点单词讲解
1、compare
【详解】compare此处用作及物动词,意为“比较”,常与介词with/to搭配使用。
【辨析】compare ... with ...与compare ... to ...
固定搭配
用法
图解助记
compare ... with ...
表示“把……与……比较”,常用于同类事物之间的比较,侧重区分
compare ... to ...
表示“把……比作……”,常用于异类事物之间的比较或比喻,侧重相同点或相似点
也可表示“把……与……比较”,此时可与compare ... with ...互换
2、afraid
【详解】
用法
含义
图解助记
be afraid of (doing) sth.
害怕(做)某事/某物
be afraid to do sth.
害怕/不敢做某事
be afraid + that从句
恐怕……,that可省略
3、alone
【详解】alone [副词] 独自;单独。在句中作状语,相当于 by oneself。
【拓展】 alone还可作形容词,意为“独自的;单独的”。
【辨析】alone与lonely
alone
副词,“独自;单独”
侧重于说明独自一人,强调客观情况
形容词,“单独的”
lonely
形容词,“孤独的;寂寞的”
侧重指因缺少陪伴所产生的一种悲伤的情感,带有浓厚的感情色彩
形容词,“荒凉的”
多修饰表示地点的名词
4、control
【详解】control [动词] 控制
【搭配】control oneself控制自己(的情绪、行为等)
【拓展】control [名词] 控制
【搭配】be in the control of 受......的控制/管理
be out of control失去控制
be under control 在控制之下
5、advise
【详解】advise [动词] 建议;劝告
【搭配】 advise sb(not)to do sth建议某人(不要)做某事;
advise sb about sth 就某事向某人提出建议;
advise doing sth 建议做某事
【拓展】advice [不可数名词] 意见;建议
【短语】a piece of advice 一条建议;
give (sb) advice on .在某方面(向某人)提建议
6、apologize
【详解】apologize [动词] 道歉
【搭配】apologize to sb向某人道歉= say sorry to sb. for sth.
apologize for(doing) sth 为(做)某事道歉
apologize to sb for doing sth 因做了某事向某人道歉
【拓展】apology n. 道歉 (常考:make an apology to sb.)
7、decision
【详解】decision [名词] 决定
【搭配】make decisions/a decision下决心;做决定
make a decision to do sth 下决心做某事.
【拓展】decide [动词】下决定
【搭配】decide to do sth. 决定干某事=make a decision to do sth 下决心做某事
decide on 决定
8、awake
【详解】awake [形容词] 醒着的
通常在句中作表语或后置定语,其反义词为asleep“睡着的”。
【辨析】awake与wake
awake
形容词,意为“醒着的”,作表语或后置定语,强调状态
动词,意为“唤起;(使)醒来”
wake
动词,意为“弄醒:醒来”,常与副词up连用,强调动作
9、anybody
【详解】anybody [代词] 任何人
常用于否定句和疑问句中,相当于anyone。有时,在肯定句或if引导的条件状语从句中表达“任何人”的含义时也用anybody/anyone。anybody作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
He doesn't know anybody in London. 他在伦敦谁也不认识。
Has anybody come? 有人来了吗?
Please tell me at once if anybody calls me. 如果有人给我打电话,请立刻告诉我。
10、remain
【详解】remain [动词] 继续存在;保持不变,相当于keep,后面跟形容词或名词作表语。
The boy remained silent. 这个男孩默不作声。
We remained friends. 我们还是朋友。
【拓展】remain [动词] 停留;逗留;剩余
They remained in Mexico until June. 他们在墨西哥一直待到六月。
Only a few leaves remained on the tree. 树上只剩下几片叶子了。
11、shut
【详解】shut [动词] 关闭;合上;住嘴。过去式 / 过去分词:shut
【搭配】shut sth. down 关闭(机器、公司等);
shut up 住嘴(口语);
shut sb./sth. away 把…… 关起来
12、anger
【详解】anger [名词] 怒火
【搭配】in anger 愤怒地;
with anger 气得……;
show anger at sth. 因某事发怒
【拓展】angry [形容词】 生气的
【搭配】be angry with sb.对某人生气
be angry at sth.因某人而生气
13、pressure
【详解】pressure[名词] 压力
【搭配】under pressure 承受压力;
put pressure on sb. 给某人施压;
【拓展】press [动词] 按压;逼迫
14、purpose
【详解】purpose[名词】目的;意图
【搭配】on purpose 故意地;
with the purpose of 为了……;
for the purpose of 为了……
15、upset
【详解】upset [形容词] 难过的;沮丧的
【搭配】be upset about/at sth. 因某事难过
【拓展】upset [动词]使心烦
【搭配】upset sb. 让某人心烦
16、shocked
【详解】shocked [形容词] 震惊的
【搭配】be shocked at sth. 对某事感到震惊
【拓展】shock [动词/名词] 使震惊;震惊
shocking adj. 令人震惊的(修饰事物)
17、ring
【详解】ring[动词]发出铃声;打电话 过去式 / 过去分词:rang / rung
【搭配】ring sb. up 给某人打电话;
ring the bell 按门铃
ring off 挂断电话;
ring back 回电话
18、bully
【详解】bully [动词] 霸凌;恐吓
【搭配】bully sb. into doing sth. 胁迫某人做某事
【拓展】bully [名词] 恶霸
【搭配】a school bully 校园恶霸
19、dare
【详解】dare作情态动词时无人称和时态的变化。
Dare you tell her the truth?
你敢告诉她真相吗? (情态动词)
【拓展】dare作实义动词时有人称和时态的变化
【常见搭配】 dare to do sth. 敢于做某事
dare sb. to do sth. 激将某人做某事
I dare say 我想、很可能、大概
20、lonely
【详解】(形容词) 孤独的、寂寞的
【拓展】 lonely也可以表示地点,译为“偏僻的、荒凉的”,在句中常作表语。
【易混辨析】 lonely和alone区别
lonely只作形容词,表示“孤独的、寂寞的”,强调内心的孤独感;
alone常为副词,译为“独自地、单独地”。
Eg: I am alone, but I don’t feel lonely.
21、hurtful
【详解】(形容词) 伤感情的;hurtful在句中常作定语或表语。
【常见搭配】 be hurtful to sb. 对某人有伤害性
【派生词】 hurt为动词,译为“伤害”;hurt还可为名词,译为“痛苦、伤害”;hurtfully为副词,译为“伤害地”;
22、forgive
【详解】(动词) 原谅、宽恕;forgive作动词还可译为“免除”,其过去式为forgave;forgive过去分词为forgiven。
【常见搭配】 forgive sb.for sth. 原谅某人某事
forgive sb.for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事
forgive and forget 彻底放弃
【派生词】 forgiveness为名词,译为“原谅”;
forgivable为形容词,译为“可原谅的”。
23、award
【详解】(名词) 奖、奖品;award为可数名词,其复数形式为awards,还可译为“增加、裁决”;award还可为动词,译为“把...授予...”。
【常见搭配】 win an award 赢得奖项
give an award to sb. 给某人颁发奖项
award ceremony 颁奖典礼
award for sth. 因某事获得的奖项
award sth. to sb. 把某物授予某人
【易混辨析】 award与prize区别:
award强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少;
prize多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所赢得的奖品。
24、low
【详解】(形容词) 沮丧的、低的
【拓展】 low作形容词还可译为“低的”;low还可为名词,译为“地点、低谷”;low还可为动词,译为“降低、减弱”。
【常见搭配】 in a low voice 低声地
in low spirits 情绪低落
25、enter
【详解】(动词) 进入;enter为动词,还可译为“参加、开始从事、登记”;enter还可为名词,译为“回车键”。
【常见搭配】 enter into 开始、参与、讨论
enter on/ upon 开始(从事)、着手
【派生词】 entrance为名词,译为“入口、入学许可”。
26、mean
【详解】(形容词) 刻薄的、吝啬的
【拓展】mean还可为动词,译为“表示...的意思、意味着”。
【派生词】 meaning为名词,译为“意思”
【常见搭配】mean to do sth. 打算做某事
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
the meaning of ... ...的意思
重点短语讲解
1、deal with
【详解】deal with为动词短语,表示处理、应对或解决某种问题或情况,常与疑问词how连用;其同义词组为do with,deal with与疑问词what连用。
How are you going to deal with these books?你打算怎么处理这些书?
= What are you going to do with these books?
2、in future
【详解】in future 今后、从今以后;in future在句中常作状语,常用于祈使句中。
【易混辨析】 In future与in the future区别:
①in future侧重于从现在开始的未来时间,强调“今后”或“从今以后”,常用于祈使句中;
②in the future侧重于指离现在较远的未来时间,强调“将来”或“未来”,常用于一般将来。
Eg: In future, we should plan our trips more carefully to avoid any unexpected problems.
今后,我们应该更仔细地规划我们的旅行,以避免任何意外问题。
I hope to travel around the world in the future.
我希望将来能环游世界。
3、get across
【详解】解释清楚、传达
【易混辨析】 through、across和over区别
①through常常表示在空间内进行的,强调从物体内部穿过;
②across常常表示动作在物体表面进行的,强调从一端到另一端;
③over强调方向性,不与物体表面接触,还有数量上“超过”的意思。
4、reduce by half
【详解】减少一半
【知识拓展】 reduce为动词,译为“减少、缩小、降低”。
【常见搭配】 reduce to... (数字) 减少到...、降低到...;
reduce by... (百分比) 减少了...、降低了...;
reduce ... to doing sth. 被迫采取某种行为做某事。
5、put oneself in sb’s shoes
【详解】设身处地、处于某人的境地
Eg: To understand his decision, you need to really put yourself in his shoes.
要理解他的决定,你需要真正设身处地地为他考虑。
6、all smiles
【详解】笑容满面
【拓展】 smile可为动词,译为“微笑”;smile为名词,译为“微笑”。
【常见搭配】 smile at ... 对...微笑
【易混辨析】 smile与laugh区别
①smile常表示无声的微笑,侧重友好、善意的心情;
②laugh常表示有声的笑,侧重高兴、喜悦或不尊重的笑,也有嘲笑之意。
7、as well
【详解】也、又;as well常位于句尾。
【用法讲解】 too, as well, also与either区别:
too “也”常位于肯定句句尾,前面有逗号。
as well “也”常位于肯定句句尾,无逗号。
also “也”位于句中,be动词、助动词、情态动词后
either “也”位于否定句句尾。
8、pull together
【详解】齐心协力、通力合作;pull together还可译为“集中精力、保持镇定、把...串到一起”。
Stop crying and pull yourself together!
别哭了,振作起来!
9、shout at
【详解】冲某人喊叫;常“带有生气、愤怒等负面情绪”。
【常见搭配】shout for ... 为...喝彩
shout to ... 对...大声说话(没有生气或敌意)
shout out 大声说出
shout down 用喊叫声压倒
shout at the top of one’s lungs 竭尽全力呼喊
10、not only...but also...
【详解】不但...而且...;常用来连接两个并列的名词、动词、形容词、副词或句子。
【用法】not only...but also作主语时,谓语动词需用“临近原则”。
Not only the teacher but also the students are excited.不仅老师,学生们也很兴奋。
【同步练习】
一、单项选择
1.—Mom, I did really badly in yesterday’s exam. I am sorry to ________.
—It doesn’t matter, my dear. Learn from it, and you’ll do better next time.
A.turn you down B.let you down
C.give you up D.put you down
2.His words were really ________ and made her cry.
A.helpful B.hurtful C.careful D.peaceful
3.—Why does Lily look so tired?
—Because she is under a lot of ________ before the exam.
A.practice B.pleasure C.progress D.pressure
4.There is ________ rain in your country. No wonder people carry umbrellas at any time.
A.a lot B.many C.more D.plenty of
5.We need to prepare for the trip: ________, don’t forget to bring your ID card.
A.Lastly B.Secondly C.Recently D.Luckily
6.She was very ________ when she heard that her favorite team had lost the game.
A.excited B.upset C.happy D.strong
7.Many people felt ________ after hearing the young singer’s death.
A.shocked B.excited C.bored D.lonely
8.Sally practiced for the dance competition ________, but she never feels ________.
A.lonely; lonely B.alone; alone
C.lonely; alone D.alone; lonely
9.If you want to be an excellent student, you must learn to ________ your time.
A.touch B.reach C.control D.promise
10.She was too excited to stay ________ last night.
A.calm B.awake C.healthy D.alive
11.After the fire, only a few trees ________ in the forest.
A.burned B.laughed C.repeated D.remained
12.—How do you stay ________ when you fail an exam?
—I tell myself it’s just a test, and I can do better next time.
A.healthy B.slim C.positive D.quiet
13.His ________ made him say things he didn’t mean.
A.anger B.hobby C.voice D.smile
14.—We can go hiking with Ms Lee this weekend.
—Oh. But Ms Lee thought ________. She told me to visit the history museum.
A.exactly B.seriously C.quickly D.differently
15.—I lost my wallet this morning. I’m so sad.
—________. Maybe someone will find it and return it to you.
A.Look on the bright side B.Never mind the weather C.What’s more D.That way
16.You should ________ before you make an important decision.
A.put yourself in others’ shoes B.be hard on yourself
C.let others down D.kick yourself
17.If you want to ________ your feelings clearly, you should talk to your parents.
A.get across B.reduce by half C.put on D.take back
18.—I had a fight with my best friend. What should I do?
—You can talk to her face to face to ________.
A.clear the air B.put out the fire C.pull together D.look on the bright side
19.She ________ her friend because she broke her friend’s favorite cup by accident.
A.apologized to B.argued with C.shouted at D.was mad at
20.—Mr Green seems very strict.
—Yes. He is ________ his students in their studies.
A.surprised at B.good for C.hard on D.careful with
21.—Ding Liren won first place in the World Chess Championship!
—Amazing! We’re ________ him!
A.thankful to B.hard on C.proud of D.strict with
22.—Do you think most people in Hefei can talk with foreigners in English?
—Yes, I think so. ________ the young ________ the old are learning to speak English.
A.Either; or B.Neither; nor
C.Not; but D.Not only; but also
23.Please ________ the door quietly when you leave.
A.open B.knock C.shut D.control
24.I don’t want to be ________ else. I just want to be ________.
A.anybody; myself B.somebody; myself
C.nobody; mine D.everybody; mine
25.The group worked hard to ________ their performance to the class and got the high praise from the teacher.
A.promise B.prepare C.present D.practise
26.“I know I was wrong. Will you ________ me?” he asked sadly.
A.apology B.forgive C.excuse D.pardon
27.Jack always ________ others, so nobody wants to be his friend.
A.bullies B.helps C.praises D.hugs
28.My sister is ________ taller than me.
A.many B.more C.a little bit D.a bit of
29.The 2025 Asian Winter Games ended with a ________ closing celebration; the theme (主题) was “Spring warms Harbin, love inspires Asia”!
A.joyful B.thankful C.hurtful D.painful
30.—Why do you admire your brother?
—Because he has the ________ to face any problem bravely.
A.fear B.courage C.sadness D.shyness
二、用送给词的适当形式填空
1.The (achieve) of his goal made his parents very proud.
2.We should put (we) in others’ shoes before judging them.
3.The (press) of the final exam made most students feel stressed.
4.She was afraid of (talk) to strangers, so she stayed quiet at the party.
5.The old woman lives alone in the countryside, but she never feels (alone) because she has a group of friendly neighbors.
6.We were deeply (shock) by the story of the brave girl who saved her little brother from the fire.
7.It’s important to respect (different) ways of thinking and behaving in a diverse society.
8.The children sang and danced (joy) at the birthday party, filling the room with happiness.
9.The support from my parents made me dare (face) the challenge in life.
10.Could you please give me some practical (advise) on how to manage my time better?
11.The unfair treatment he received made him really (anger) and he couldn’t sleep all night.
12.His (hurt) remarks about her appearance made her feel ashamed and upset.
13.She is a very (emotion) person who often cries during heartwarming movies.
14.We are (thank) to our parents for taking good care of us.
15.The doctor advised him (drink) more water and get enough rest.
16.It was hard to make the (decide) but I thought I should be right at last.
17.His brother is a great basketball (play).
18.After a long discussion, they made their decision (last).
19.When you meet problems, you should share them with others instead of (shut) yourself away.
20.I don’t know you are so (stress), and you can do something to relax.
第四部分 重点语法及专练
(1) although引导让步状语从句
although作连词,意为“尽管;虽然;即使”,引导让 步状语从句,所引导的从句放在主句前后均可。 当位于主句之前时,常用逗号与主句隔开;位于主 句之后时,通常不用逗号。
1.Although people might hurt you sometimes,it doesn't always mean that they did it on purpose.
虽然人们有时可能会伤害你,但这并不总是意味着他们是故意的。
2.His :English is excellent although he speaks with a pronounced French accent.
尽管有明显的法国口音,他的英语还是极好的。
【拓展】
although、though 和 even if/though 都可以表示 “虽然”,可以互换使用,但 though 多用于口语。
Eg:She kept her coat on, although/though it was hot in the room.尽管屋里热,她仍然穿着外套。
【注意】
although、though不能和but同时使用,但可以和yet 或still连用。
Although he has done well in his studies,he still works really hard.
尽管他学习成绩已经很优秀了,他仍然非常努力。
(2) until引导时间状语从句
until作连词,引导时间状语从句:
句型
用法
例句
用于肯定句
主句的谓语动词为延续性动词,它表示的动作一直持续到从句所表示的时间为止,until意为“直到……为止”
Let's wait until the rain stops.咱们等雨停了吧。
用于否定句
主句的谓语动词一般为非延续性动词,它所表示的动作直到从句所表示的时间才发生,no...until意为“直到……才”
You won't know how he feels until you talk to him. 直到你和他谈谈,你才会知道他的感受。
【注意】
until的同义词为till,until可以放在句首,但till一般不用于句首。
(3) so that引导目的状语从句
so that引导目的状语从句时,意为“以便;为了”, 此时可与in order that互换,从句中经常出现表示 “能够;可以”的情态动词,如 can、could、may、might 、will、would等 。
1.Talk to your loved ones whenever you feel good or bad so that your joy will be doubled,and your problems will be reduced by half.
无论你什么时候 感觉好或不好,都和你所爱的人谈谈,这样你的快 乐就会加倍,你的问题会减少一半。
2.He raised his voice so that/in order that everyone could hear.他抬高嗓门好让大家都听见。
【拓展】
so that 还引导结果状语从句,意为“因此,所以”。
He didn’t plan his time very well, so that he didn't finish the work in time.
他没有很好地计划时间,所以未及时完成工作。
【同步语法练习】
1.—What have you learned after watching the movie Nezha II?
—We should never give up our dreams ________ we may meet with many difficulties.
A.although B.until C.while D.if
2.________ English has a history of about 1,500 years, the first English dictionary didn’t appear until the 18th century.
A.Because B.Although C.Unless D.When
3.________ the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (抗日战争) was over 80 years ago, the heroes still live in our hearts.
A.Although B.As C.If D.But
4.________ it was very cold, ________ my grandfather still went swimming in Jinsha River last weekend.
A.Although; but B.Although; / C.But; although D./; although
5.Many Chinese people are too shy to say “I love you” to their parents ________ they love them very much.
A.although B.because C.so that D.when
6.________ my parents loved me, I felt a bit unhappy with them.
A.Although B.So C.If D.Because
7.________ it was rather difficult at first, he didn’t give up and finally mastered the skill.
A.Though B.Because C.If D.Since
8.—________ the Moon doesn’t give off light, it looks bright at night.
—That’s because it can reflect the light of the Sun.
A.So B.Because C.If D.Although
9.—Being an actor is not suitable for you, ________ you like acting.
—I think so. You know I am too shy to act in front of others.
A.but B.though C.if D.yet
10.You may not know the value of health ________ you lose it.
A.until B.though C.because D.but
11.Lucy couldn’t watch cartoons ________ she finished all her school projects after dinner.
A.until B.when C.if D.so that
12.The little boy kept crying at the school gate _________ his mother came to pick him up.
A.until B.because C.or D.whether
13.The team worked on the project for many years ________ they made a breakthrough.
A.if B.until C.because D.although
14.It’s raining too hard outside. We won’t leave ________ the rain stops.
A.if B.after C.when D.until
15.He won’t go to bed ________ he finishes his homework.
A.though B.until C.because D.when
16.—May I go out to answer the phone, sir?
—Don’t go out ________ the meeting is over.
A.until B.while C.so D.after
17.Lisa keeps improving her work ________ the final result matches the design in her mind.
A.if B.until C.when D.since
18.You need to cook the noodles for about ten minutes ________ they’re ready.
A.before B.after C.until D.when
19. Xu Dawei wants to pass the Civilian Mobile Library on to his son _______ it can stay open forever.
A.before B.although C.so that D.if
20.He worked very hard ________ he could pass the exam easily.
A.so that B.because C.since D.while
21.—I think I am not good at speaking English. What should I do?
—Be more active in class ________ you can improve your spoken English.
A.unless B.although C.so that D.until
22.—Our school has set up a reading corner in each classroom.
—Great! Students can read more books ________ they can improve their writing skills.
A.because of B.even though C.as if D.so that
23.We save money ________ we can buy a new house.
A.so B.so that C.where D.if
24.I spoke slowly ________ everyone could understand me.
A.so that B.because C.when D.if
25.Lisa needs to finish her work as carefully as possible ________ she cannot make mistakes.
A.because B.so that C.so D.but
第五部分 写作及强化训练
写作话题
本单元的话题是“写一封感谢信”,针对这一话题,我们可以围绕表达感谢的具体事件、阐述对方的帮助带来的积极影响以及抒发真挚情感展开写作。此类作文常以书信或便条的形式进行考查,文体常为应用文。人称多采用第一人称与第二人称,时态以一般过去时和一般现在时为主,写作时应按照事情发展顺序或情感递进顺序叙述感谢的缘由与心意。本单元相关话题写作素材有:
(1)Thank you for helping me to.谢谢你帮助我.
(2)On that day, I..., and you helped me to ...那天,我……,你帮助我……
(3)You took the time to., although you were so busy.尽管您很忙,却仍抽出时间来..
(4)I couldn't. until.我无法..直到..
(5)I am very thankful because.我非常感激,因为.
(6)When I..,you were there to.当我..,你在那里..
写作框架
1. 开头段(Opening Paragraph)
自我介绍(若对方不熟悉自己可补充)、点明写信目的——表达感谢。例:
Dear Miss Wang, I am writing to express my sincere thanks to you for helping me with my English study last term.(尊敬的王老师,我写这封信是为了衷心感谢你上学期在英语学习上对我的帮助。)
2. 正文段(Body Paragraph)
具体阐述感谢事由,说明对方的行为、自己的处境及该行为带来的积极影响,可适当补充细节增强真实性。例:
I used to be weak in English listening and was afraid to speak in class. You patiently helped me analyze my problems and advised me to listen to English news every day. With your guidance, my listening and speaking skills have improved greatly.(我以前英语听力很差,还害怕在课堂上发言。你耐心地帮我分析问题,并建议我每天听英语新闻。在你的指导下,我的听说能力有了很大提升。)
3. 结尾段(Closing Paragraph)
再次强调感谢,表达祝福或回馈意愿,收尾得体。例:
Thank you again for your kindness and patience. I wish you good health and a happy life.(再次感谢你的善良与耐心。祝你身体健康、生活愉快。)
词句积累
词汇积累
1. 核心词汇
(1)情感类
grateful(adj. 感激的)、thankful(adj. 感谢的)、sincere(adj. 真诚的)、appreciative(adj. 感激的)、warm-hearted(adj. 热心的)、kind(adj. 善良的)、friendly(adj. 友好的)、helpful(adj. 有帮助的)
(2)帮助与支持
help(v./n. 帮助)、assist(v. 协助)、support(v./n. 支持)、guide(v./n. 指导)、advise(v. 建议)、encourage(v. 鼓励)、aid(v./n. 援助)、comfort(v. 安慰)、rescue(v./n. 救助)、donate(v. 捐赠)、offer(v. 主动提供)、provide(v. 提供)
(3)行为与影响
helpful(adj. 有帮助的)、useful(adj. 有用的)、valuable(adj. 珍贵的)、important(adj. 重要的)、significant(adj. 有意义的)、improve(v. 提升)、progress(v./n. 进步)、succeed(v. 成功)、achieve(v. 实现)、overcome(v. 克服)、solve(v. 解决)、deal with(处理)
句型积累
【开头句】
1.How time flies!时间过得真快啊!
2.I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude.我写信是想表达我衷心的感激之情。
3.How is your stay in...?您在······待着感觉怎么样?
4.I am writing to you because I want to tell you a piece of good news that....我给您写信是因为我想告诉您一则······的好消息。
5.I am writing to you because I want to thank you for your hospitality.我给您写信是想表达一下对您热情周到的招待的感激之情。
6.I'm writing to express my thanks for...我写这封信是为了表达我对······的谢意。
7.I am writing to you because...因为······,我给您写这封信。
8.I'm writing to thank you for your great help!我写信来谢谢你巨大的帮助!
【中间句】
1.Many thanks for your kind and warm help.多谢您善良热情的帮助。
2.Thank you for your generous hospitality.多谢您的款待。
3.Thanks to your help,I can get the prize.多亏了您的帮助,我才得到了这个奖。
【结尾句】
1.I hope I can express my thanks to you in person.我希望能够亲自向您表达谢意。
2.I'm sincerely grateful for all your help.对于您的帮助,我真的非常感激。
3.Thank you for your kindness to have done me a favour.对于您的善意的帮忙,我向您表示感谢。
4.Many thanks for all the good things you have done in helping us to...非常感谢您为帮助我们······所做的一切。
5.I am glad to hear that you will visit our school soon.听说您很快会来我们学校参观,我特别高兴。
范文欣赏
Dear Tom,
I am writing to express my sincere thanks to you for helping me with my math homework last weekend. I used to be weak in math and always felt worried before exams. When you knew about my problem, you volunteered to come to my home and helped me.
You patiently explained difficult problems to me and taught me some useful learning methods. With your help, I finally understood the key points and finished my homework successfully. Now I am more confident in math.
Thank you again for your kindness. I wish you a happy life and good grades.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
【同步练习】
1.学习和生活的道路从来都不是一帆风顺,你一定曾因学习的问题、家人给予的压力等感到焦虑,但幸运的是你的朋友给予了你帮助和建议。假如你是李华,针对这些难忘的经历,请给你的朋友写一封感谢信。参考要点:1.曾经的压力或焦虑(成绩下降,人际关系差等);
2.朋友给予的建议或帮助;
3.感谢;
4.……
要求:1.词数80-120(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数);
2.不能出现真实姓名和班级等信息。
Dear Tom,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
2.假设你叫Mike,是一名在北京待了一年的英国交换生。现在你要回国了,请根据下面的内容要点写一封感谢信,表达你对在你做交换生期间给过你帮助的老师、同学及朋友们的感激之情。
内容包括:
1. 刚到中国时,一切都很陌生,在老师和同学的帮助下,参加了学校俱乐部,学到了很多东西。
2. 在遇到困难的时候,大家总会来帮助你。
3. 游览了很多北京的名胜古迹,如长城、故宫等,也品尝了很多美食,并学习了很多中国的历史和文化。
4. 这是一次难忘的交换生之旅。
要求:
1. 80词左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。2. 感谢信必须包含所有提示内容,并可作适当发挥。3. 条理清楚,语句通顺,意思连贯,书写规范。
Dear everyone,
I appreciated a lot that all you have given me during the past year. ________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you so much again.
Yours sincerely,
Mike
3.在初中即将毕业之际,请你以张明的名义给英国笔友Brian写一封感谢信,要点提示如下:
三年前
你来到新的班级,没有朋友,感到孤独
三年中
Brian多次给你写信,他在信中:
鼓励你多交朋友;
告诉你学好英语的方法;
和你分享快乐;
你变得……
近年来天津发生很大变化,你邀请他来天津游玩
参考词汇:分享快乐 share happiness
要求:
(1)词数:80~100个
(2)信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数
(3)要点齐全,行文连贯,可适当发挥
Dear Brian,
How time flies! We have been friends for three years. I’m writing to thank you for your help!
Three years ago,___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Hope to see you soon!
Yours,
Zhang Ming
4.假如你是李华,在毕业来临之际,你打算写一封信对外教老师Ms. White表示感谢。请你根据以下内容提示,用英语完成这封感谢信。
内容提示:
要求:1. 感谢信需包括内容提示中的要点,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
2. 语言表达要准确,语意要通顺;
3. 词数不少于80,感谢信的格式和开头已给出,但不计入总词数。
Dear Ms. White,
How time flies! It’s time for us to say goodbye.__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
5.三年的初中生活即将结束,在这段美好的时光里,许多人给予了你帮助,比如老师、父母、同学、朋友或兄弟姐妹。假如你是李华,请选择其中一位你最想感谢的人,写一封感谢信,表达你的感激之情。
内容要点:
(1)你想感谢的人是谁;
(2)他/她在哪些方面给予了你帮助;
(3)在他的/她的帮助下,你取得的进步或成长。
注意事项:
(1)词数80-100词(开头已给出,不计入总词数);
(2)语句通顺,条理清晰,可适当增加细节,使行文连贯;
(3)文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。
A Thank-you Letter
Dear Ms. Wang,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
$