Unit 9 教师词汇备课 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语八年级下册

仁爱版八年级下册 Unit 9单词表 教师备课材料 1. force 词性: n. (名词) / v. (动词) 词义: 力量；武力；强迫 近义词: (n.) power, strength; (v.) compel, make 反义词: (n.) weakness; (v.) persuade, coax 词性转换: forceful (adj. 强有力的) 常见搭配: by force, air force, force sb. to do sth. 例句: The force of the wind blew the trees down. (名词) / You can't force someone to like you. (动词) 2. earthquake 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 地震 近义词: quake, tremor 常见搭配: a strong earthquake, earthquake zone 例句: The city was hit by a powerful earthquake. 3. wildfire 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 野火，山火 近义词: Bush fire, forest fire 常见搭配: spread like wildfire (迅速蔓延) 例句: The wildfire destroyed hundreds of homes. 4. typhoon 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 台风 近义词: hurricane, cyclone (飓风/气旋) 常见搭配: a strong typhoon, typhoon warning 例句: The typhoon brought heavy rain and strong winds. 5. flood 词性: n. (名词) / v. (动词) 词义: 洪水；淹没 近义词: (n.) deluge; (v.) inundate 反义词: (n.) drought; (v.) drain 词性转换: flooding (n. 泛滥) 常见搭配: flash flood, flood in, a flood of emails (大量的) 例句: The heavy rain caused a serious flood. (名词) / The river flooded the streets. (动词) 6. snowstorm 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 暴风雪 近义词: blizzard 常见搭配: be caught in a snowstorm 例句: All flights were canceled due to the snowstorm. 7. heatwave 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 热浪，酷热期 近义词: hot spell 反义词: cold snap (寒潮) 常见搭配: during the heatwave, a severe heatwave 例句: People are advised to stay indoors during the heatwave. 8. sudden 词性: adj. (形容词) 词义: 突然的，意外的 近义词: abrupt, unexpected 反义词: gradual, expected 词性转换: suddenly (adv. 突然地) 常见搭配: all of a sudden, sudden change 例句: There was a sudden loud noise. 9. blow 词性: v. (动词) / n. (名词) 词义: 吹；打击 近义词: (v.) gust; (n.) hit, strike 反义词: (v.) suck 常见搭配: blow away, blow out (吹灭), a heavy blow (沉重打击) 例句: The wind blew strongly all night. (动词) / Losing his job was a big blow to him. (名词) 10. unless 词性: conj. (连词) 词义: 除非，如果不 近义词: if not, except when 反义词: if 常见搭配: unless otherwise stated (除非另有说明) 例句: You won't pass the exam unless you study hard. 11. glove 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 手套 近义词: mitten (连指手套) 常见搭配: a pair of gloves, boxing gloves 例句: Wear your gloves; it's cold outside. 12. burn 词性: v. (动词) / n. (名词) 词义: 燃烧；烧伤 近义词: (v.) blaze, scorch; (n.) injury 反义词: (v.) extinguish, put out 词性转换: burner (n. 燃烧器), burning (adj. 燃烧的) 常见搭配: burn down (烧毁), get a burn 例句: Paper burns easily. (动词) / He suffered a minor burn. (名词) 13. firefighting 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 消防，灭火 词性转换: firefighter (n. 消防员) 常见搭配: firefighting equipment, firefighting efforts 例句: Firefighting is a dangerous but important job. 14. spread 词性: v. (动词) / n. (名词) 词义: 传播；展开；蔓延 近义词: (v.) extend, scatter; (n.) expansion 反义词: (v.) contain, gather 常见搭配: spread out, spread the news, the spread of disease 例句: Fire quickly spread through the building. (动词) / We need to control the spread of the virus. (名词) 15. disaster 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 灾难，灾祸 近义词: catastrophe, tragedy 反义词: success, blessing 词性转换: disastrous (adj. 灾难性的) 常见搭配: natural disaster, disaster area 例句: The earthquake was a terrible disaster. 16. passenger 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 乘客，旅客 近义词: traveler, commuter 反义词: driver, pilot 常见搭配: passenger seat, passenger train 例句: All passengers must wear seat belts. 17. those 词性: pron. (代词) / adj. (形容词) 词义: 那些 近义词: that (单数) 反义词: these 常见搭配: those people, in those days 例句: Those books on the table are mine. 18. hurricane 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 飓风 近义词: typhoon, cyclone 常见搭配: hurricane warning, category 5 hurricane 例句: The hurricane caused massive damage to the coast. 19. hit 词性: v. (动词) / n. (名词) 词义: 打击；碰撞；袭击；成功 近义词: (v.) strike, knock; (n.) blow, success 反义词: (v.) miss; (n.) failure, flop 词性转换: hitter (n. 击球手) 常见搭配: hit the target, hit by a car, a big hit (大获成功) 例句: The storm hit the island at midnight. (动词) / The new song became a hit. (名词) 20. southern 词性: adj. (形容词) 词义: 南方的，南部的 近义词: south 反义词: northern 词性转换: south (n. 南方) 常见搭配: southern hemisphere, southern part 例句: They live in the southern part of the country. 21. god 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 神；（大写）上帝 近义词: deity, divinity 反义词: devil, mortal 词性转换: godlike (adj. 如神一般的) 常见搭配: thank God, God bless you 例句: In ancient Greece, people believed in many gods. 22. coastal 词性: adj. (形容词) 词义: 沿海的，海岸的 近义词: seaside, maritime 反义词: inland, interior 词性转换: coast (n. 海岸) 常见搭配: coastal city, coastal areas 例句: Many coastal towns rely on fishing. 23. western 词性: adj. (形容词) 词义: 西方的，西部的 近义词: west 反义词: eastern 词性转换: west (n. 西方) 常见搭配: western culture, western countries 例句: He is interested in western movies. 24. coast 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 海岸，海滨 近义词: shore, seaside, beach 反义词: interior, inland 词性转换: coastal (adj. 沿海的) 常见搭配: off the coast, coast guard (海岸警卫队) 例句: We drove along the coast and enjoyed the view. 25. nearby 词性: adj. (形容词) / adv. (副词) 词义: 附近的；在附近 近义词: (adj.) close, neighboring; (adv.) close by 反义词: (adj.) faraway, distant; (adv.) far away 常见搭配: a nearby town, live nearby 例句: Is there a hospital nearby? (副词) / We met at a nearby cafe. (形容词) 26. bleed 词性: v. (动词) 词义: 流血 近义词: lose blood 反义词: clot, stop bleeding 词性转换: bleeding (n./adj. 流血(的)) 常见搭配: bleed to death, nose bleed 例句: If you cut your finger, it will bleed. 27. badly 词性: adv. (副词) 词义: 严重地；非常；拙劣地 近义词: seriously, severely, poorly 反义词: well, slightly 词性转换: bad (adj. 坏的) 常见搭配: badly hurt, need sth. badly, behave badly 例句: He was badly injured in the accident. 28. fear 词性: n. (名词) / v. (动词) 词义: 害怕，恐惧；担心 近义词: (n.) terror, fright; (v.) be afraid of 反义词: (n.) bravery, courage; (v.) dare 词性转换: fearful (adj. 害怕的), fearless (adj. 无畏的) 常见搭配: in fear, fear for, for fear of (以免) 例句: She has a fear of heights. (名词) / Many people fear change. (动词) 29. terrible 词性: adj. (形容词) 词义: 可怕的；很糟的；非常的 近义词: awful, dreadful, horrible 反义词: wonderful, excellent, mild 词性转换: terribly (adv. 非常；糟糕地) 常见搭配: a terrible accident, feel terrible, terribly sorry 例句: We had terrible weather on our holiday. 30. homeless 词性: adj. (形容词) 词义: 无家可归的 近义词: displaced, destitute 反义词: housed, sheltered 词性转换: homelessness (n. 无家可归现象) 常见搭配: homeless people, become homeless 例句: The charity provides food for the homeless. 31. reasonable 词性: adj. (形容词) 词义: 合理的；公道的；通情达理的 近义词: fair, sensible, logical 反义词: unreasonable, irrational, unfair 词性转换: reason (n. 理由), reasonably (adv. 合理地) 常见搭配: a reasonable price, reasonable request 例句: It's reasonable to ask for help when you need it. 32. harmful 词性: adj. (形容词) 词义: 有害的 近义词: damaging, destructive 反义词: harmless, beneficial 词性转换: harm (n./v. 伤害), harmless (adj. 无害的) 常见搭配: harmful to, harmful effects 例句: Smoking is harmful to your health. 33. insect 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 昆虫 近义词: bug, creepy-crawly 词性转换: insecticide (n. 杀虫剂) 常见搭配: beneficial insect, insect bite 例句: Bees and ants are both types of insects. 34. waterway 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 水路，航道 近义词: channel, canal 常见搭配: inland waterway, major waterway 例句: The river is an important waterway for transport. 35. preparation 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 准备，预备；准备工作 近义词: arrangement, planning, groundwork 词性转换: prepare (v. 准备), preparatory (adj. 准备的) 常见搭配: in preparation for, make preparations 例句: We are making preparations for the big storm. 36. glue 词性: n. (名词) / v. (动词) 词义: 胶水；粘合 近义词: (n.) adhesive; (v.) stick, paste 反义词: (v.) separate, detach 常见搭配: a bottle of glue, glue sth. together 例句: Use glue to fix the broken vase. (名词) / He glued the pieces back together. (动词) 37. tape 词性: n. (名词) / v. (动词) 词义: 胶带；磁带；用胶带粘贴；录音 近义词: (n.) adhesive tape, cassette; (v.) stick, record 常见搭配: duct tape, red tape (官僚作风), tape measure (卷尺) 例句: I need some tape to seal the box. (名词) / She taped the interview. (动词) 38. flashlight 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 手电筒 近义词: torch (英式) 常见搭配: turn on the flashlight, a powerful flashlight 例句: Take a flashlight in case the power goes out. 39. hide 词性: v. (动词) 词义: 隐藏，躲藏 近义词: conceal, cover up 反义词: reveal, show, find 词性转换: hiding (n. 躲藏), hide-and-seek (n. 捉迷藏) 常见搭配: hide from, hide away 例句: The cat likes to hide under the bed. 40. danger 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 危险 近义词: risk, peril, hazard 反义词: safety, security 词性转换: dangerous (adj. 危险的) 常见搭配: in danger, out of danger, danger zone 例句: Flood waters put many people in danger. 41. kit 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 成套工具；用品箱 近义词: set, equipment, gear 常见搭配: first-aid kit (急救箱), tool kit, survival kit 例句: Every home should have an emergency kit. 42. aftershock 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 余震 反义词: fore-shock (前震) 常见搭配: strong aftershocks, fear of aftershocks 例句: People were afraid to go inside because of the aftershocks. 43. storm 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 暴风雨；风暴 近义词: tempest, gale 反义词: calm 词性转换: stormy (adj. 有暴风雨的) 常见搭配: thunderstorm, sandstorm, weather the storm (渡过难关) 例句: The storm damaged several houses. 44. thunder 词性: n. (名词) / v. (动词) 词义: 雷，雷声；打雷 近义词: (n.) rumble, boom 词性转换: thunderous (adj. 雷鸣般的) 常见搭配: thunder and lightning, a clap of thunder 例句: After the lightning, we heard loud thunder. (名词) / It thundered all night. (动词) 45. lightning 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 闪电 常见搭配: lightning strike, as fast as lightning 例句: Lightning lit up the dark sky. 46. quake 词性: n. (名词) / v. (动词) 词义: 地震；颤抖 近义词: (n.) earthquake, tremor; (v.) shake, tremble 常见搭配: quake with fear, a minor quake 例句: The ground quaked during the earthquake. (动词) 47. against 词性: prep. (介词) 词义: 反对；倚靠；以防；与…对比 近义词: versus, opposed to 反义词: for, in favor of 常见搭配: against the law, lean against, fight against, against all odds 例句: We must prepare against natural disasters. / I'm against this plan. 48. prevention 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 预防，防止 近义词: avoidance, precaution 反义词: cause, promotion 词性转换: prevent (v. 防止), preventive (adj. 预防性的) 常见搭配: crime prevention, disaster prevention 例句: Prevention is better than cure. 49. usual 词性: adj. (形容词) 词义: 通常的，平常的 近义词: normal, typical, customary 反义词: unusual, exceptional, strange 词性转换: usually (adv. 通常地) 常见搭配: as usual, more than usual, the usual place 例句: I arrived at the usual time. 50. November 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 十一月 常见搭配: in November, early November 例句: My birthday is in November. 51. level 词性: n. (名词) / adj. (形容词) 词义: 水平；级别；等级；平的 近义词: (n.) standard, degree; (adj.) flat, even 反义词: (adj.) uneven, bumpy 常见搭配: sea level, high level, level ground, A level (考试) 例句: The water level in the river is rising. (名词) / Make sure the table is level. (形容词) 52. towards 词性: prep. (介词) 词义: 向，朝；对于；接近 近义词: to, in the direction of 反义词: away from 常见搭配: walk towards, attitude towards 例句: He ran towards the exit. 53. roof 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 屋顶；顶部 近义词: top, ceiling (天花板) 反义词: floor 词性转换: roofless (adj. 无屋顶的) 常见搭配: on the roof, roof of the mouth (上颚), a roof over one's head (栖身之所) 例句: The cat is sitting on the roof. 54. limit 词性: n. (名词) / v. (动词) 词义: 限制；极限；限定 近义词: (n.) restriction, maximum; (v.) restrict, confine 反义词: (n.) infinity; (v.) encourage, expand 词性转换: limitation (n. 局限性), limited (adj. 有限的) 常见搭配: speed limit, off limits (禁止入内), limit the number 例句: There is a limit to how much we can carry. (名词) / We must limit our spending. (动词) 55. outdoor 词性: adj. (形容词) 词义: 户外的，野外的 近义词: outside, open-air 反义词: indoor, inside 词性转换: outdoors (adv./n. 在户外) 常见搭配: outdoor activities, outdoor swimming pool 例句: I prefer outdoor sports like hiking. 56. fog 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 雾 近义词: mist, haze 反义词: clarity 词性转换: foggy (adj. 有雾的) 常见搭配: dense/thick fog, in a fog (困惑) 例句: The fog made driving very difficult. 57. rainstorm 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 暴风雨 近义词: storm, downpour 反义词: drizzle, sprinkle 常见搭配: heavy rainstorm, be caught in a rainstorm 例句: A sudden rainstorm soaked everyone. 58. gather 词性: v. (动词) 词义: 聚集；收集；推断 近义词: collect, assemble, conclude 反义词: scatter, disperse, distribute 词性转换: gathering (n. 集会) 常见搭配: gather information, gather together, gather from (从…推断) 例句: People gathered to watch the fireworks. 59. direct 词性: adj. (形容词) / v. (动词) / adv. (副词) 词义: 直接的；指挥；径直地 近义词: (adj.) straight; (v.) guide, manage; (adv.) directly 反义词: (adj.) indirect; (v.) follow 词性转换: direction (n. 方向), director (n. 导演/主任) 常见搭配: direct flight, direct a movie, go direct 例句: She gave me a direct answer. (形容词) / Who will direct the project? (动词) 60. passage 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 通道；段落；经过 近义词: corridor, paragraph, movement 词性转换: passenger (n. 乘客) 常见搭配: secret passage, a passage from a book, safe passage (安全通行) 例句: Read the following passage and answer the questions. 61. pour 词性: v. (动词) 词义: 倾倒；大量涌出；下倾盆大雨 近义词: flow, stream, rain heavily 反义词: trickle, drip 常见搭配: pour water, pour into, pour down (下大雨) 例句: She poured milk into her coffee. / It's pouring outside. 62. pale 词性: adj. (形容词) / v. (动词) 词义: 苍白的；浅色的；变苍白 近义词: (adj.) white, light; (v.) blanch 反义词: (adj.) dark, rosy, flushed 词性转换: paleness (n. 苍白) 常见搭配: pale face, pale blue, pale in comparison (相形见绌) 例句: He looked pale after hearing the bad news. (形容词) 63. seafood 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 海鲜，海产 常见搭配: fresh seafood, seafood restaurant 例句: I love eating seafood by the coast. 64. coal 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 煤 词性转换: coalmine (n. 煤矿) 常见搭配: coal mining, lump of coal 例句: In the past, many homes were heated by coal. 65. global 词性: adj. (形容词) 词义: 全球的；整体的 近义词: worldwide, international, overall 反义词: local, regional 词性转换: globe (n. 地球), globalization (n. 全球化) 常见搭配: global warming, global economy 例句: Climate change is a global problem. 66. prevent 词性: v. (动词) 词义: 防止，预防；阻止 近义词: stop, avoid, hinder 反义词: allow, cause, encourage 词性转换: prevention (n. 预防), preventive (adj. 预防性的) 常见搭配: prevent sth./sb. from doing 例句: Regular exercise can prevent many diseases. 67. nose 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 鼻子；嗅觉 词性转换: nosebleed (n. 鼻血) 常见搭配: runny nose, blow your nose, follow your nose 例句: She has a good sense of smell because of her sensitive nose. 68. mouth 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 嘴，口；出入口 近义词: lips, opening 词性转换: mouthful (n. 一口) 常见搭配: open your mouth, mouth of a river (河口) 例句: Don't talk with your mouth full. 69. suffer 词性: v. (动词) 词义: 遭受，忍受；受痛苦 近义词: endure, experience, hurt 反义词: enjoy, thrive 词性转换: suffering (n. 苦难), sufferer (n. 受害者) 常见搭配: suffer from, suffer pain, suffer a loss 例句: Many people suffered in the disaster. 70. perform 词性: v. (动词) 词义: 表演；执行；表现 近义词: act, carry out, execute 反义词: neglect, fail 词性转换: performance (n. 表演/表现), performer (n. 表演者) 常见搭配: perform a task, perform well, perform on stage 例句: The students will perform a play next week. 71. talent 词性: n. (名词) 词义: 天赋，才能；人才 近义词: gift, ability, skill 反义词: inability, weakness 词性转换: talented (adj. 有天赋的) 常见搭配: have a talent for, talent show 例句: She has a great talent for painting. 72. physically 词性: adv. (副词) 词义: 身体上；实际上 近义词: bodily, in person 反义词: mentally, spiritually 词性转换: physical (adj. 身体的/物理的) 常见搭配: physically strong, physically present 例句: The job is physically demanding. 73. scared 词性: adj. (形容词) 词义: 害怕的，恐惧的 近义词: afraid, frightened, terrified 反义词: brave, fearless, unafraid 词性转换: scare (v. 使害怕) 常见搭配: be scared of, scared to death 例句: The loud noise made me scared. 74. helpless 词性: adj. (形容词) 词义: 无助的，无能为力的 近义词: powerless, vulnerable 反义词: helpful, capable, powerful 词性转换: help (n./v. 帮助), helplessness (n. 无助) 常见搭配: feel helpless, a helpless baby 例句: He felt helpless watching the disaster on TV. 75. normal 词性: adj. (形容词) / n. (名词) 词义: 正常的，正规的；常态 近义词: (adj.) usual, regular, typical; (n.) standard 反义词: (adj.) abnormal, unusual, strange 词性转换: normally (adv. 通常), normalize (v. 使正常化) 常见搭配: normal life, return to normal, under normal circumstances 例句: After the flood, life slowly returned to normal. (名词) 76. physical 词性: adj. (形容词) 词义: 身体的；物理的；物质的 近义词: bodily, material, tangible 反义词: mental, spiritual, emotional 词性转换: physically (adv. 身体上), physicist (n. 物理学家) 常见搭配: physical education (PE), physical health, physical world 例句: Physical exercise is good for you. 77. none 词性: pron. (代词) / adv. (副词) 词义: 没有一个，毫无；一点也不 近义词: (pron.) not one, not any; (adv.) not at all 反义词: (pron.) all, some 常见搭配: none of, none left, none too pleased (一点也不高兴) 例句: None of the students were late today. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $