Unit 1 课时2 Understanding ideas（Reading）（分层作业）英语新教材外研版七年级下册

Unit 1 The secrets of happiness 课时2 Understanding ideas(Reading) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 freezing /ˈfriːzɪŋ/ adj. 极冷的，严寒的 become /bɪˈkʌm/ v. 变成，变得 touch /tʌtʃ/ v. 感动，触动，打动 sunless /ˈsʌnləs/ adj. 无阳（日）光的 reason /ˈriːzn/ n. 原因，理由 everything /ˈevriθɪŋ/ pron. 每件事物；所有事物 rich /rɪtʃ/ adj. 有钱的，富有的 句型 1.Keep love in your heart. 心怀爱意吧。 2.A life without love is like a silent garden. 没有爱的人生，宛如一座沉寂的花园。 3.It can move us, change us and give us a life full of happiness。爱能触动我们，改变我们，予我们满是幸福的人生。 4.In some people's minds, happiness comes from things like money.在一些人看来，幸福源于金钱这类物质。 细节解析（适配初中水平） 1. Keep love in your heart：祈使句简洁译法 “心怀爱意吧”，比直译 “把爱放在心里” 更通顺，初中写作可直接套用该句式。 1. a silent garden：silent 此处侧重 “毫无生机的、沉寂的”，而非单纯 “安静的”，贴合 “无爱人生” 的落寞感。 1. It can move us：move 此处为动词，表 “触动、打动”（初中重点词义），不是 “移动”。 1. comes from things like money：like 为介词，表 “像…… 之类的”，后接名词；things 此处代指 “物质、东西”，翻译时可灵活处理为 “这类物质”，避免重复。 初中必背拓展 · 核心短语：keep...in one's heart（把…… 放在心上）、come from（源于） · 同义替换：in some people's minds = in some people's opinions（在一些人看来，写作常用） · 句式仿写：A life without dreams is like a lost ship.（没有梦想的人生，宛如一艘迷途的船。） 我可以帮你把这些句子整理成初中英语写作金句卡片，标注核心词汇和仿写句式，需要吗？ 一、单词默写。 1________________adj. 极冷的，严寒的 2________________v. 变成，变得 3________________v. 感动，触动，打动 4________________adj. 无阳（日）光的 5________________n. 原因，理由 6________________pron. 每件事物；所有事物 【答案】1 freezing 2 become3 touch 4 sunless 5 reason 6 everything 二、词组默写。 1. 书评 2 . 放下 3. 继续做某事,重复做某事 4. 仔细考虑某事;重复某事 5. 迅速而全面地穿过或扫过 6. 整整一夜 7. 使某人惊讶的是 8. 在床上 9. 参加,加入(活动) 10. 忘记 11. 在某人的心目中 12. 事实上 13. 魔力 【答案】1. book review 2.put down　3.keep doing sth.　4.go over sth. 5.sweep across　6.all night long　 7.to one's surprise　8.in bed　9.join in　10.forget about…　11.in one's mind　12.in fact 三、根据要求完成句子 1.心怀爱意吧。________ _________in your heart. 2.没有爱的人生，宛如一座沉寂的花园。 A life without love is like ______ ________ _______. 3.爱能触动我们，改变我们，予我们满是幸福的人生。 It can _________us, __________us and give us a life ________ _________ ________. 4.在一些人看来，幸福源于金钱这类物质。 ________ _________ ________ __________, happiness comes from things like money. 【答案】1 Keep love 2 a silent garden 3 move change full of happiness 4 In some people's minds 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. It’s (freeze) cold outside. Don’t go outside without a thick coat. 【答案】freezing 【详解】句意：外面极其寒冷。不穿厚外套就不要出去。freezing cold“极其寒冷”。故填freezing。 2．Jessie would like (become) a member of the Reading Club. 【答案】to become 【详解】句意：杰西想成为阅读俱乐部的一员。根据“Jessie would like...a member of the Reading Club.”可知，would like to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，固定搭配。故填to become。 3．Do you know the reason the trees are important to animals? 【答案】why 【详解】句意：你知道树木对动物很重要的原因吗？分析句子可知，此处填定语从句的引导词。“reason”为先行词，意为“原因”，此时用关系副词“why”引导定语从句，形成“the reason why...”结构，意为“……的原因”。故填why。 4．Everything (be) possible if we work hard. 【答案】is 【详解】句意：只要我们努力工作，一切皆有可能。不定代词Everything作主语时谓语动词用单数，主句为一般现在时，表示客观真理或普遍事实，be动词一般现在时的单数形式是is。故填is 5．Tony is reading a (touch) story about the love between Shiwa and his father. 【答案】touching 【详解】句意：托尼正在读一个关于希瓦和他父亲之间感人的爱的故事。“touching”意为“感人的”，修饰story。故填touching。 五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 A．actually    B．suggested    C． caused    D．bring    E. poorest   What is happiness? The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines it as “a state of well-being and contentment.” If you ask someone what brings them happiness, they might say money, family, friends, or having fun. There are many things that 1 happiness. However, studies show that money is 2 not one of them. Richer countries do not have happier people. Nigeria and Bangladesh are two of the happiest countries in the world. However, they have some of the 3 people. This has 4 scientists to take an ever closer look at the world and happiness in it. A．increase    B．connected to    C． research    D．responsible for    E. community   According to 5 , people’s overall happiness is influenced by their genes (基因), health, and environment, to name a few. More importantly, scientists believe that happiness is heavily 6 the choices that people make in their everyday lives. They have found that people are paying less attention to their relationships with others in the 7 . Instead, they are focusing on their work. Scientists believe this is one big reason why people are not as happy as they could be. We need close relationship because they give us feelings of safety, love and comfort. Now, politicians, economists, and academics are looking at how they can 8 happiness in their countries. Figuring out the science of happiness and how to create it may give a country an advantage in today’s global society. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．E 8．A 【导语】本文主要讲了研究表明幸福与基因、健康、环境及日常选择相关，而非金钱，各国正探索提升国民幸福的方法。 1．句意：有很多事情会带来幸福。结合“happiness”和备选词汇可知，此处是指很多事情会带来幸福；应用动词bring“带来”。故填D。 2．句意：然而，研究表明金钱并不是其中之一。结合“not one of them”和备选词汇可知，此处是指金钱实际上并不是带来幸福的因素之一；应用副词actually“实际上”作状语。故填A。 3．句意：尼日利亚和孟加拉国是世界上最幸福的国家之一。然而，它们有一些最贫穷的人。结合“the happiest countries”和“However”可知，此处是指这些国家虽然幸福，但人民可能较贫穷，由“the”可知，此处应用最高级poorest“最贫穷的”。故填E。 4． 句意：这导致科学家们更加密切地研究世界及其中的幸福。根据“This has...scientists to take an ever closer look at the world and happiness in it.”和备选词汇可知，“has caused scientists to...” 表示 “导致科学家……”，符合语境，故填C。 5．句意：根据研究，人们的整体幸福感受到基因、健康和环境等因素的影响。结合“people’s overall happiness is influenced by their genes, health, and environment”和备选词汇可知，此处是指基于科学研究得出的结论；应用名词research“研究”作宾语。故填C。 6．句意：更重要的是，科学家认为幸福很大程度上与人们在日常生活中所做的选择相关。结合“happiness is heavily...the choices that people make”和备选词汇可知，此处是指幸福与人们的选择密切相关；应用短语connected to“与……相关”作表语。故填B。 7．句意：他们发现，人们在社区中越来越不重视与他人的关系。结合“in the...”和备选词汇可知，此处是指在“社区”或“群体”中；应用名词community“社区”作宾语。故填E。 8．句意：现在，政治家、经济学家和学者们正在研究如何增加他们国家的幸福。结合“how they can...happiness”和备选词汇可知，此处是指如何“增加”或“提升”幸福；应用动词increase“增加”作谓语。故填A。 六、阅读还原。 Secret to Happiness There’s a Chinese saying that goes, “If you want happiness for an hour, take a nap (小睡). If you want happiness for a day, go fishing. If you want happiness for a year, become wealthy by chance. 1 ” Helping others by giving may be the secret to a happy, healthy life. The more you give, the more you’ll gain. The key is to find a method that works for you. 2 Find your love. 3 You might feel bad if you are doing something you don’t like. You will feel great when you put your love into giving. Give your time. The gift of time is often more valuable to the receiver, and more satisfying to the giver, than money. People don’t all have the same amount (数量) of money, but everyone has time. 4 It can be just a few hours a day, or a few days a year. Be active. Take every chance to serve your community. You are free to choose what you want to do. Make full use of services that match your values. 5 You can easily get used to selfless giving. When you give, make sure to keep our own needs in mind. You matter, too! All in all, by proper giving, you can gain purpose, meaning and happiness—all of the things that people look for in life but are so hard to find. A．Don’t forget about yourself. B．Here is some advice that you can take. C．You can give some of this time to help others. D．If you want happiness for a lifetime, help somebody. E．But sometimes you are not sure where money is going. F．Your giving should not be from orders but come out of love. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．F 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了通过帮助他人来获得幸福的秘诀，并提供了一些具体的建议。 1．根据“If you want happiness for a year, become wealthy by chance.”和“Helping others by giving may be the secret to a happy, healthy life.”可知，前后句子是对比关系，前者是短期的幸福，而后者是长期的幸福。选项D“如果你想要一生的幸福，帮助别人。”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“The key is to find a method that works for you.”可知，接下来应该是提供一些具体的建议。选项B“这里有一些你可以采取的建议。”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据“You might feel bad if you are doing something you don’t like.”可知，如果做自己不喜欢的事情会感到不开心。选项F“你的付出不应该是被命令的，而是出于爱。”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据“People don’t all have the same amount (数量) of money, but everyone has time.”可知，每个人都有时间，可以用时间来帮助他人。选项C“你可以把一些时间用来帮助别人。”符合语境。故选C。 5． 根据“When you give, make sure to keep our own needs in mind. You matter, too!”可知，在帮助他人的同时，也要考虑自己的需求。选项A“不要忘记你自己。”符合语境。故选A。 B Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness. Money can’t bring lasting happiness. Happiness depends on ourselves. In other words, we make our own happiness. Here is some advice to help you be happier. 1 We often spend much time thinking about the future, for example, getting into college or getting a good job. So we can’t enjoy the moment. We should enjoy simple pleasures (快乐) in life, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music or spending time with close friends. 2 Another way to live a happy life is to be active and have some hobbies. Many people enjoy dancing or playing a sport, such as skating or soccer. 3 Finally, many people find happiness when helping others. According to studies, people feel good when they volunteer time to help others. 4 You can help a friend with his or her lessons, go shopping to buy food for your family members or only help out around the house by washing the dishes. A．Hobbies make us healthy all the time. B．They can understand happiness better. C．If you want to feel happier, do something nice for others. D．When you do these activities, you can forget the trouble in life. E．The first way of finding happiness is to enjoy the little things in life. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何找到幸福以及幸福依赖于我们自己的观点。 1．根据空格下文“We often spend much time thinking about the future, for example, getting into college or getting a good job. So we can’t enjoy the moment.”可知，作者在强调我们应该享受当下的简单快乐，而不是过度关注未来。选项E“寻找幸福的第一种方法是享受生活中的小事。”符合题意，故选E。 2．根据空格上文“We should enjoy simple pleasures in life, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music or spending time with close friends.”可知，作者在列举一些简单的快乐活动。选项D“当你做这些活动时，你可以忘记生活中的烦恼。”符合题意，故选D。 3．根据空格上文“Another way to live a happy life is to be active and have some hobbies. Many people enjoy dancing or playing a sport, such as skating or soccer.”可知，作者在讨论通过积极的生活方式和爱好来获得幸福。选项A“爱好使我们一直保持健康。”符合题意，故选A。 4．根据空格上文“Finally, many people find happiness when helping others. According to studies, people feel good when they volunteer time to help others.”可知，作者在强调帮助他人可以带来幸福。选项C“如果你想感到更快乐，为别人做一些好事。”符合题意，故选C。 7、 阅读理解。 A Reading homework: Your reviews (评论). Book: Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Writer: Roald Dahl What’s the book about? The book is about a boy named Charlie. His family don’t have much money and they don’t have much food. There’s a chocolate factory near Charlie’s house. It’s Willy Wonka’s factory. Willy Wonka asked five children to visit the chocolate factory. Your favorite character (角色). My favorite character is Charlie because he’s very kind. I don’t like the other children because they are too terrible. Your ideas about the book I read the book for some times and usually lost myself in the book. I’ll never forget the chocolate in the factory. You give Charlie and the Chocolate Factory: Star rating (级别). 5 stars = Great; 4 stars = Very good; 3 stars = OK; 2 stars = Bad; 1 star = Terrible I give Charlie and the chocolate factory: ★★★★★ Reviewed by: Tom aged 12. 1．What do you know about Charlie and his family? A．His family have much money. B．His family have much food. C．His family have much money and food. D．His family don’t have much money or food. 2．Who is Tom’s favorite character? A．Charlie. B．The other children except (除了) Charlie. C．Willy Wonka. D．Roald Dahl. 3．What does Tom think of Charlie? A．He is kind. B．He is terrible. C．He is interesting. D．He is boring. 4．What does Tom think of the book? A．Great. B．Very good. C．OK. D．Terrible. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文讲述了《查理和巧克力工厂》这本书的阅读作业。作业要求写一篇关于这本书的评论，内容包括书的简介、最喜欢的角色、对书的看法以及给书的星级评分。 1．细节理解题。根据“His family don’t have much money and they don’t have much food.”可知，Charlie的家庭既没有很多钱，也没有很多食物。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“My favorite character is Charlie because he’s very kind.”可知，Tom最喜欢的角色是Charlie。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“My favorite character is Charlie because he’s very kind.”可知，Tom认为Charlie非常善良。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“I give Charlie and the chocolate factory: ★★★★★”可知，Tom认为这本书非常棒，给出了五星评价。故选A。 B ①Everyone wants to be happy. Happiness is a feeling that brings joy to our lives. Being happy is not just about laughing and having fun; it’s also about feeling good about ourselves and our lives. ②To be happy, we can start by helping others. When we do something nice for others, it makes us feel good inside. For example, helping a friend with their homework or picking up litter in the park can make us feel happy. ③Another way to be happy is to love and be loved. Love is the key to happiness. It can be the love of family, friends, or even pets. Spend time with loved ones and show them affection (关爱).They bring warmth to our hearts. ④As the famous American writer, Helen Keller once said, “Happiness is not something ready made. It comes from your own actions (行动).” So, let’s take action to be happy. Let’s help others, love and be loved, and enjoy every moment of life. ⑤Remember, happiness is a choice we make every day. Choose to be happy, and your life will be filled with happiness. 1．What is happiness according to the passage? A．Only laughing and having fun. B．A feeling that brings joy to our lives. C．Being rich and famous. D．Having lots of friends. 2．What is the key to happiness mentioned in the passage? A．Love B．Help C．Money D．Power 3．What did Helen Keller mean by saying “Happiness is not something ready made. It comes from your own actions.”? A．We are all ready to get happiness. B．We feel happy by taking actions. C．Happiness is not easy to get. D．Our life is always full of happiness. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②③/④/⑤ D．①②③/④⑤ 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了幸福的定义和获得幸福的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Happiness is a feeling that brings joy to our lives.”可知，幸福是一种给我们生活带来快乐的感觉。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Love is the key to happiness.”可知，幸福的关键是爱。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“So, let’s take action to be happy. Let’s help others, love and be loved, and enjoy every moment of life.”可知，此句话强调幸福需通过自身行动创造而非现成可得。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。根据通读全文可知，①为定义幸福（总起），②③并列讨论幸福方式（帮助他人与爱），④引用名言强化行动重要性，⑤总结选择幸福的观点。选项C结构①/②③/④/⑤合理划分层次。故选C。 八、完形填空。 When I was young, my parents drove me and my two brothers to the lake every day during the summer holiday. We were really bored 1 . If my parents didn’t have us do something, we would finally start 2 . So while my mother was driving, my father recited (背诵) 3 to us. One of the poems was a bit 4 . It goes like this—“My long-eared dog is very sweet. / He loves to lick (舔) my smelly feet. / And that is why I’d use my mace (权杖) / before I’d let him lick my 5 .” We all laughed out loud. There were many other ones. We fell in deep love with them. We would have never 6 such moments if my parents had done something else. I repeated those lines over and over again and 7 kept them in mind. Sometimes I came up with some brilliant ideas and even 8 my own poems in my notebook. This is a story of family love and it 9 to this day. We still recite poems together and I have published (出版) several poetry 10 of my own. So why not recite poems to your kids? A good family atmosphere (氛围) may make all the difference. 1．A．in a way B．in the way C．on the way D．by the way 2．A．talking B．fighting C．rushing D．smiling 3．A．jokes B．stories C．poems D．articles 4．A．sad B．funny C．ordinary D．meaningful 5．A．hand B．neck C．leg D．face 6．A．enjoyed B．imagined C．discussed D．decided 7．A．finally B．mainly C．actually D．recently 8．A．turned down B．wrote down C．moved down D．broke down 9．A．appears B．adds C．continues D．ends 10．A．reports B．programmes C．paragraphs D．collections 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者的父亲在作者小时候会读很多诗给作者听，对作者产生了重大影响，通过这个故事告诉我们：良好的家庭气氛可能会使一切都不同。 1．句意：在路上，我们真的很无聊。 in a way在某种程度上；in the way挡道；on the way在路上；by the way顺便问一句。根据“When I was young, my parents drove me and my two brothers to the lake every day during the summer holiday.”可知，在去湖边的路上，故选C。 2．句意：如果我父母不让我们做点什么，我们最终会开始打架。 talking谈论；fighting打架；rushing冲；smiling微笑。根据生活常识和“bored”可知，无聊时，兄弟之间可能会打架，故选B。 3．句意：所以当我妈妈开车的时候，我爸爸给我们背诵诗歌。 jokes玩笑；stories故事；poems诗歌；articles文章。根据“One of the poems”可知，背诵诗歌，故选C。 4．句意：其中一首诗有点滑稽。 sad悲伤的；funny滑稽的；ordinary普通的；meaningful有意义的。根据“We all laughed out loud.”可知，其中一首诗有点滑稽，故选B。 5．句意：所以我才会用权杖不让他舔我的脸。 hand手；neck脖子；leg腿；face脸。根据诗歌的常识可知，此空单词要与“mace”押韵，故选D。 6．句意：如果我的父母做了别的事情，我们永远也不会享受到这样的时刻。 enjoyed享受；imagined想象；discussed讨论；decided决定。根据“We fell in deep love with them.”可知，作者认为父母做了其他的事，他就不会享受这样的时刻，故选A。 7．句意：我一遍又一遍地重复着这句话，最后把它们记在心里。 finally最后；mainly主要地；actually事实上；recently最近。根据“repeated those lines over and over again”可知，最后记在了心里，故选A。 8．句意：有时我想出了一些绝妙的想法，甚至在我的笔记本上写下了我自己的诗。 turned down拒绝；wrote down写下；moved down向下移；broke down坏了。根据“I came up with some brilliant ideas”可知，写下自己的诗，故选B。 9．句意：这是一个关于亲情的故事，并且一直延续到今天。 appears出现；adds增加；continues继续；ends结束。根据“We still recite poems together”可知，这个故事延续到今天，故选C。 10．句意：我们仍然在一起背诵诗歌，我还出版了几本自己的诗集。 reports报告；programmes节目；paragraphs段落；collections收集。根据“of my own”和“poetry”可知，出版自己的诗集，故选D。 Everyone has a family. It is the place where life begins and love never ends. In English, “FAMILY” can be “Father and mother, I love you.” In the Chinese character (汉字) “家”，“宀” means “house” and “豕” means “pig”. Why is the pig in the house? Well, “家” comes from Jiaguwen. In old times, people liked to keep pigs at home, so “a house with pigs” means “home” Now, some Chinese people give “家”a new story. “豕” means “all the family members”. The two strokes (笔画) under the roof (屋顶) are grandparents. They keep the family members together. Other members are under the grandparents. On their right are the parents. They work hard and teach their children. On their left are the children. Brothers and sisters have fun together. There are so many different families, but in all the families, people love and help each other. A happy family makes everything fine. What is your happy family like? 1．What can “L” mean in “FAMILY” in English? ___________________________________________________________________________ 2．What does “宀” mean in the Chinese character “家”? ___________________________________________________________________________ 3．What does “豕” mean in the new story now? ___________________________________________________________________________ 4．Who keeps the family members together in the new story? ___________________________________________________________________________ 5．What can you do to make a happy family? ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．It means “love”. 2．It means “house”. 3．It means “all the family members”. 4．The grandparents. 5．I can show love, help each other, and spend quality time with my family members. (言之有理即可) 【导语】文章通过解释英文“FAMILY”的温馨含义和汉字“家”的构成及演变，揭示了家承载爱与亲情的内涵。现代解读更赋予“家”家庭成员和谐共处的象征，强调幸福家庭的重要性。 1．根据第一段“‘FAMILY’ can be ‘Father and mother, I love you.’”可知，“家庭”可以是“爸爸妈妈，我爱你们”，则字母“L”在FAMILY这个单词中的意思是“love”。故填It means “love”. 2．根据第二段“‘宀’ means ‘house’”可知，“宀”是房子的意思。故填It means “house”. 3．根据第三段“‘豕’ means ‘all the family members’”可知，“豕”在新的故事里的意思是“所有的家庭成员”。故填It means “all the family members”. 4．根据第三段“The two strokes under the roof are grandparents. They keep the family members together.”可知，祖父母们让家庭成员团结在一起。故填The grandparents. 5．开放性试题，言之有理即可。通读全文可知，文章通过解释英文“FAMILY”的温馨含义和汉字“家”的构成及演变，揭示了家承载爱与亲情的内涵。现代解读更赋予“家”家庭成员和谐共处的象征，强调幸福家庭的重要性，则关于“你能做些什么来建立一个幸福的家庭”的问题，其回答可表达为“我可以表达爱，互相帮助，与家人共度美好时光”。故填I can show love, help each other, and spend quality time with my family members. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 The secrets of happiness 课时2 Understanding ideas(Reading) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 freezing /ˈfriːzɪŋ/ adj. 极冷的，严寒的 become /bɪˈkʌm/ v. 变成，变得 touch /tʌtʃ/ v. 感动，触动，打动 sunless /ˈsʌnləs/ adj. 无阳（日）光的 reason /ˈriːzn/ n. 原因，理由 everything /ˈevriθɪŋ/ pron. 每件事物；所有事物 rich /rɪtʃ/ adj. 有钱的，富有的 句型 1.Keep love in your heart. 心怀爱意吧。 2.A life without love is like a silent garden. 没有爱的人生，宛如一座沉寂的花园。 3.It can move us, change us and give us a life full of happiness。爱能触动我们，改变我们，予我们满是幸福的人生。 4.In some people's minds, happiness comes from things like money.在一些人看来，幸福源于金钱这类物质。 细节解析（适配初中水平） 1. Keep love in your heart：祈使句简洁译法 “心怀爱意吧”，比直译 “把爱放在心里” 更通顺，初中写作可直接套用该句式。 1. a silent garden：silent 此处侧重 “毫无生机的、沉寂的”，而非单纯 “安静的”，贴合 “无爱人生” 的落寞感。 1. It can move us：move 此处为动词，表 “触动、打动”（初中重点词义），不是 “移动”。 1. comes from things like money：like 为介词，表 “像…… 之类的”，后接名词；things 此处代指 “物质、东西”，翻译时可灵活处理为 “这类物质”，避免重复。 初中必背拓展 · 核心短语：keep...in one's heart（把…… 放在心上）、come from（源于） · 同义替换：in some people's minds = in some people's opinions（在一些人看来，写作常用） · 句式仿写：A life without dreams is like a lost ship.（没有梦想的人生，宛如一艘迷途的船。） 我可以帮你把这些句子整理成初中英语写作金句卡片，标注核心词汇和仿写句式，需要吗？ 一、单词默写。 1________________adj. 极冷的，严寒的 2________________v. 变成，变得 3________________v. 感动，触动，打动 4________________adj. 无阳（日）光的 5________________n. 原因，理由 6________________pron. 每件事物；所有事物 二、词组默写。 1. 书评 2 . 放下 3. 继续做某事,重复做某事 4. 仔细考虑某事;重复某事 5. 迅速而全面地穿过或扫过 6. 整整一夜 7. 使某人惊讶的是 8. 在床上 9. 参加,加入(活动) 10. 忘记 11. 在某人的心目中 12. 事实上 13. 魔力 三、根据要求完成句子 1.心怀爱意吧。________ _________in your heart. 2.没有爱的人生，宛如一座沉寂的花园。 A life without love is like ______ ________ _______. 3.爱能触动我们，改变我们，予我们满是幸福的人生。 It can _________us, __________us and give us a life ________ _________ ________. 4.在一些人看来，幸福源于金钱这类物质。 ________ _________ ________ __________, happiness comes from things like money. 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. It’s (freeze) cold outside. Don’t go outside without a thick coat. 2．Jessie would like (become) a member of the Reading Club. 3．Do you know the reason the trees are important to animals? 4．Everything (be) possible if we work hard. 5．Tony is reading a (touch) story about the love between Shiwa and his father. 五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 A．actually    B．suggested    C． caused    D．bring    E. poorest   What is happiness? The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines it as “a state of well-being and contentment.” If you ask someone what brings them happiness, they might say money, family, friends, or having fun. There are many things that 1 happiness. However, studies show that money is 2 not one of them. Richer countries do not have happier people. Nigeria and Bangladesh are two of the happiest countries in the world. However, they have some of the 3 people. This has 4 scientists to take an ever closer look at the world and happiness in it. A．increase    B．connected to    C． research    D．responsible for    E. community   According to 5 , people’s overall happiness is influenced by their genes (基因), health, and environment, to name a few. More importantly, scientists believe that happiness is heavily 6 the choices that people make in their everyday lives. They have found that people are paying less attention to their relationships with others in the 7 . Instead, they are focusing on their work. Scientists believe this is one big reason why people are not as happy as they could be. We need close relationship because they give us feelings of safety, love and comfort. Now, politicians, economists, and academics are looking at how they can 8 happiness in their countries. Figuring out the science of happiness and how to create it may give a country an advantage in today’s global society. 六、阅读还原。 Secret to Happiness There’s a Chinese saying that goes, “If you want happiness for an hour, take a nap (小睡). If you want happiness for a day, go fishing. If you want happiness for a year, become wealthy by chance. 1 ” Helping others by giving may be the secret to a happy, healthy life. The more you give, the more you’ll gain. The key is to find a method that works for you. 2 Find your love. 3 You might feel bad if you are doing something you don’t like. You will feel great when you put your love into giving. Give your time. The gift of time is often more valuable to the receiver, and more satisfying to the giver, than money. People don’t all have the same amount (数量) of money, but everyone has time. 4 It can be just a few hours a day, or a few days a year. Be active. Take every chance to serve your community. You are free to choose what you want to do. Make full use of services that match your values. 5 You can easily get used to selfless giving. When you give, make sure to keep our own needs in mind. You matter, too! All in all, by proper giving, you can gain purpose, meaning and happiness—all of the things that people look for in life but are so hard to find. A．Don’t forget about yourself. B．Here is some advice that you can take. C．You can give some of this time to help others. D．If you want happiness for a lifetime, help somebody. E．But sometimes you are not sure where money is going. F．Your giving should not be from orders but come out of love. B Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness. Money can’t bring lasting happiness. Happiness depends on ourselves. In other words, we make our own happiness. Here is some advice to help you be happier. 1 We often spend much time thinking about the future, for example, getting into college or getting a good job. So we can’t enjoy the moment. We should enjoy simple pleasures (快乐) in life, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music or spending time with close friends. 2 Another way to live a happy life is to be active and have some hobbies. Many people enjoy dancing or playing a sport, such as skating or soccer. 3 Finally, many people find happiness when helping others. According to studies, people feel good when they volunteer time to help others. 4 You can help a friend with his or her lessons, go shopping to buy food for your family members or only help out around the house by washing the dishes. A．Hobbies make us healthy all the time. B．They can understand happiness better. C．If you want to feel happier, do something nice for others. D．When you do these activities, you can forget the trouble in life. E．The first way of finding happiness is to enjoy the little things in life. 7、 阅读理解。 A Reading homework: Your reviews (评论). Book: Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Writer: Roald Dahl What’s the book about? The book is about a boy named Charlie. His family don’t have much money and they don’t have much food. There’s a chocolate factory near Charlie’s house. It’s Willy Wonka’s factory. Willy Wonka asked five children to visit the chocolate factory. Your favorite character (角色). My favorite character is Charlie because he’s very kind. I don’t like the other children because they are too terrible. Your ideas about the book I read the book for some times and usually lost myself in the book. I’ll never forget the chocolate in the factory. You give Charlie and the Chocolate Factory: Star rating (级别). 5 stars = Great; 4 stars = Very good; 3 stars = OK; 2 stars = Bad; 1 star = Terrible I give Charlie and the chocolate factory: ★★★★★ Reviewed by: Tom aged 12. 1．What do you know about Charlie and his family? A．His family have much money. B．His family have much food. C．His family have much money and food. D．His family don’t have much money or food. 2．Who is Tom’s favorite character? A．Charlie. B．The other children except (除了) Charlie. C．Willy Wonka. D．Roald Dahl. 3．What does Tom think of Charlie? A．He is kind. B．He is terrible. C．He is interesting. D．He is boring. 4．What does Tom think of the book? A．Great. B．Very good. C．OK. D．Terrible. B ①Everyone wants to be happy. Happiness is a feeling that brings joy to our lives. Being happy is not just about laughing and having fun; it’s also about feeling good about ourselves and our lives. ②To be happy, we can start by helping others. When we do something nice for others, it makes us feel good inside. For example, helping a friend with their homework or picking up litter in the park can make us feel happy. ③Another way to be happy is to love and be loved. Love is the key to happiness. It can be the love of family, friends, or even pets. Spend time with loved ones and show them affection (关爱).They bring warmth to our hearts. ④As the famous American writer, Helen Keller once said, “Happiness is not something ready made. It comes from your own actions (行动).” So, let’s take action to be happy. Let’s help others, love and be loved, and enjoy every moment of life. ⑤Remember, happiness is a choice we make every day. Choose to be happy, and your life will be filled with happiness. 1．What is happiness according to the passage? A．Only laughing and having fun. B．A feeling that brings joy to our lives. C．Being rich and famous. D．Having lots of friends. 2．What is the key to happiness mentioned in the passage? A．Love B．Help C．Money D．Power 3．What did Helen Keller mean by saying “Happiness is not something ready made. It comes from your own actions.”? A．We are all ready to get happiness. B．We feel happy by taking actions. C．Happiness is not easy to get. D．Our life is always full of happiness. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②③/④/⑤ D．①②③/④⑤ 八、完形填空。 When I was young, my parents drove me and my two brothers to the lake every day during the summer holiday. We were really bored 1 . If my parents didn’t have us do something, we would finally start 2 . So while my mother was driving, my father recited (背诵) 3 to us. One of the poems was a bit 4 . It goes like this—“My long-eared dog is very sweet. / He loves to lick (舔) my smelly feet. / And that is why I’d use my mace (权杖) / before I’d let him lick my 5 .” We all laughed out loud. There were many other ones. We fell in deep love with them. We would have never 6 such moments if my parents had done something else. I repeated those lines over and over again and 7 kept them in mind. Sometimes I came up with some brilliant ideas and even 8 my own poems in my notebook. This is a story of family love and it 9 to this day. We still recite poems together and I have published (出版) several poetry 10 of my own. So why not recite poems to your kids? A good family atmosphere (氛围) may make all the difference. 1．A．in a way B．in the way C．on the way D．by the way 2．A．talking B．fighting C．rushing D．smiling 3．A．jokes B．stories C．poems D．articles 4．A．sad B．funny C．ordinary D．meaningful 5．A．hand B．neck C．leg D．face 6．A．enjoyed B．imagined C．discussed D．decided 7．A．finally B．mainly C．actually D．recently 8．A．turned down B．wrote down C．moved down D．broke down 9．A．appears B．adds C．continues D．ends 10．A．reports B．programmes C．paragraphs D．collections Everyone has a family. It is the place where life begins and love never ends. In English, “FAMILY” can be “Father and mother, I love you.” In the Chinese character (汉字) “家”，“宀” means “house” and “豕” means “pig”. Why is the pig in the house? Well, “家” comes from Jiaguwen. In old times, people liked to keep pigs at home, so “a house with pigs” means “home” Now, some Chinese people give “家”a new story. “豕” means “all the family members”. The two strokes (笔画) under the roof (屋顶) are grandparents. They keep the family members together. Other members are under the grandparents. On their right are the parents. They work hard and teach their children. On their left are the children. Brothers and sisters have fun together. There are so many different families, but in all the families, people love and help each other. A happy family makes everything fine. What is your happy family like? 1．What can “L” mean in “FAMILY” in English? ___________________________________________________________________________ 2．What does “宀” mean in the Chinese character “家”? ___________________________________________________________________________ 3．What does “豕” mean in the new story now? ___________________________________________________________________________ 4．Who keeps the family members together in the new story? ___________________________________________________________________________ 5．What can you do to make a happy family? ___________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 The secrets of happiness 课时2 Understanding ideas(Reading) 分层作业 参考答案 一、单词默写。 1 freezing 2 become3 touch 4 sunless 5 reason 6 everything 二、词组默写。 1. book review 2.put down　3.keep doing sth.　4.go over sth. 5.sweep across　6.all night long　 7.to one's surprise　8.in bed　9.join in　10.forget about…　11.in one's mind　12.in fact 三、根据要求完成句子 1 Keep love 2 a silent garden 3 move change full of happiness 4 In some people's minds 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1 freezing 2 to become 3 why 4 is 5 touching 五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．E 8．A 【解析】 1．句意：有很多事情会带来幸福。结合“happiness”和备选词汇可知，此处是指很多事情会带来幸福；应用动词bring“带来”。故填D。 2．句意：然而，研究表明金钱并不是其中之一。结合“not one of them”和备选词汇可知，此处是指金钱实际上并不是带来幸福的因素之一；应用副词actually“实际上”作状语。故填A。 3．句意：尼日利亚和孟加拉国是世界上最幸福的国家之一。然而，它们有一些最贫穷的人。结合“the happiest countries”和“However”可知，此处是指这些国家虽然幸福，但人民可能较贫穷，由“the”可知，此处应用最高级poorest“最贫穷的”。故填E。 4． 句意：这导致科学家们更加密切地研究世界及其中的幸福。根据“This has...scientists to take an ever closer look at the world and happiness in it.”和备选词汇可知，“has caused scientists to...” 表示 “导致科学家……”，符合语境，故填C。 5．句意：根据研究，人们的整体幸福感受到基因、健康和环境等因素的影响。结合“people’s overall happiness is influenced by their genes, health, and environment”和备选词汇可知，此处是指基于科学研究得出的结论；应用名词research“研究”作宾语。故填C。 6．句意：更重要的是，科学家认为幸福很大程度上与人们在日常生活中所做的选择相关。结合“happiness is heavily...the choices that people make”和备选词汇可知，此处是指幸福与人们的选择密切相关；应用短语connected to“与……相关”作表语。故填B。 7．句意：他们发现，人们在社区中越来越不重视与他人的关系。结合“in the...”和备选词汇可知，此处是指在“社区”或“群体”中；应用名词community“社区”作宾语。故填E。 8．句意：现在，政治家、经济学家和学者们正在研究如何增加他们国家的幸福。结合“how they can...happiness”和备选词汇可知，此处是指如何“增加”或“提升”幸福；应用动词increase“增加”作谓语。故填A。 六、阅读还原。 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．F 4．C 5．A 【解析】 1．根据“If you want happiness for a year, become wealthy by chance.”和“Helping others by giving may be the secret to a happy, healthy life.”可知，前后句子是对比关系，前者是短期的幸福，而后者是长期的幸福。选项D“如果你想要一生的幸福，帮助别人。”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“The key is to find a method that works for you.”可知，接下来应该是提供一些具体的建议。选项B“这里有一些你可以采取的建议。”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据“You might feel bad if you are doing something you don’t like.”可知，如果做自己不喜欢的事情会感到不开心。选项F“你的付出不应该是被命令的，而是出于爱。”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据“People don’t all have the same amount (数量) of money, but everyone has time.”可知，每个人都有时间，可以用时间来帮助他人。选项C“你可以把一些时间用来帮助别人。”符合语境。故选C。 5． 根据“When you give, make sure to keep our own needs in mind. You matter, too!”可知，在帮助他人的同时，也要考虑自己的需求。选项A“不要忘记你自己。”符合语境。故选A。 B: 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．A 4．C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何找到幸福以及幸福依赖于我们自己的观点。 1．根据空格下文“We often spend much time thinking about the future, for example, getting into college or getting a good job. So we can’t enjoy the moment.”可知，作者在强调我们应该享受当下的简单快乐，而不是过度关注未来。选项E“寻找幸福的第一种方法是享受生活中的小事。”符合题意，故选E。 2．根据空格上文“We should enjoy simple pleasures in life, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music or spending time with close friends.”可知，作者在列举一些简单的快乐活动。选项D“当你做这些活动时，你可以忘记生活中的烦恼。”符合题意，故选D。 3．根据空格上文“Another way to live a happy life is to be active and have some hobbies. Many people enjoy dancing or playing a sport, such as skating or soccer.”可知，作者在讨论通过积极的生活方式和爱好来获得幸福。选项A“爱好使我们一直保持健康。”符合题意，故选A。 4．根据空格上文“Finally, many people find happiness when helping others. According to studies, people feel good when they volunteer time to help others.”可知，作者在强调帮助他人可以带来幸福。选项C“如果你想感到更快乐，为别人做一些好事。”符合题意，故选C。 B: 七、阅读理解。 A:【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了《查理和巧克力工厂》这本书的阅读作业。作业要求写一篇关于这本书的评论，内容包括书的简介、最喜欢的角色、对书的看法以及给书的星级评分。 1．细节理解题。根据“His family don’t have much money and they don’t have much food.”可知，Charlie的家庭既没有很多钱，也没有很多食物。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“My favorite character is Charlie because he’s very kind.”可知，Tom最喜欢的角色是Charlie。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“My favorite character is Charlie because he’s very kind.”可知，Tom认为Charlie非常善良。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“I give Charlie and the chocolate factory: ★★★★★”可知，Tom认为这本书非常棒，给出了五星评价。故选A。 B:【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了幸福的定义和获得幸福的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Happiness is a feeling that brings joy to our lives.”可知，幸福是一种给我们生活带来快乐的感觉。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Love is the key to happiness.”可知，幸福的关键是爱。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“So, let’s take action to be happy. Let’s help others, love and be loved, and enjoy every moment of life.”可知，此句话强调幸福需通过自身行动创造而非现成可得。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。根据通读全文可知，①为定义幸福（总起），②③并列讨论幸福方式（帮助他人与爱），④引用名言强化行动重要性，⑤总结选择幸福的观点。选项C结构①/②③/④/⑤合理划分层次。故选C。 八、完形填空。 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者的父亲在作者小时候会读很多诗给作者听，对作者产生了重大影响，通过这个故事告诉我们：良好的家庭气氛可能会使一切都不同。 1．句意：在路上，我们真的很无聊。 in a way在某种程度上；in the way挡道；on the way在路上；by the way顺便问一句。根据“When I was young, my parents drove me and my two brothers to the lake every day during the summer holiday.”可知，在去湖边的路上，故选C。 2．句意：如果我父母不让我们做点什么，我们最终会开始打架。 talking谈论；fighting打架；rushing冲；smiling微笑。根据生活常识和“bored”可知，无聊时，兄弟之间可能会打架，故选B。 3．句意：所以当我妈妈开车的时候，我爸爸给我们背诵诗歌。 jokes玩笑；stories故事；poems诗歌；articles文章。根据“One of the poems”可知，背诵诗歌，故选C。 4．句意：其中一首诗有点滑稽。 sad悲伤的；funny滑稽的；ordinary普通的；meaningful有意义的。根据“We all laughed out loud.”可知，其中一首诗有点滑稽，故选B。 5．句意：所以我才会用权杖不让他舔我的脸。 hand手；neck脖子；leg腿；face脸。根据诗歌的常识可知，此空单词要与“mace”押韵，故选D。 6．句意：如果我的父母做了别的事情，我们永远也不会享受到这样的时刻。 enjoyed享受；imagined想象；discussed讨论；decided决定。根据“We fell in deep love with them.”可知，作者认为父母做了其他的事，他就不会享受这样的时刻，故选A。 7．句意：我一遍又一遍地重复着这句话，最后把它们记在心里。 finally最后；mainly主要地；actually事实上；recently最近。根据“repeated those lines over and over again”可知，最后记在了心里，故选A。 8．句意：有时我想出了一些绝妙的想法，甚至在我的笔记本上写下了我自己的诗。 turned down拒绝；wrote down写下；moved down向下移；broke down坏了。根据“I came up with some brilliant ideas”可知，写下自己的诗，故选B。 9．句意：这是一个关于亲情的故事，并且一直延续到今天。 appears出现；adds增加；continues继续；ends结束。根据“We still recite poems together”可知，这个故事延续到今天，故选C。 10．句意：我们仍然在一起背诵诗歌，我还出版了几本自己的诗集。 reports报告；programmes节目；paragraphs段落；collections收集。根据“of my own”和“poetry”可知，出版自己的诗集，故选D。 【答案】1．It means “love”. 2．It means “house”. 3．It means “all the family members”. 4．The grandparents. 5．I can show love, help each other, and spend quality time with my family members. (言之有理即可) 【解析】 【导语】文章通过解释英文“FAMILY”的温馨含义和汉字“家”的构成及演变，揭示了家承载爱与亲情的内涵。现代解读更赋予“家”家庭成员和谐共处的象征，强调幸福家庭的重要性。 1．根据第一段“‘FAMILY’ can be ‘Father and mother, I love you.’”可知，“家庭”可以是“爸爸妈妈，我爱你们”，则字母“L”在FAMILY这个单词中的意思是“love”。故填It means “love”. 2．根据第二段“‘宀’ means ‘house’”可知，“宀”是房子的意思。故填It means “house”. 3．根据第三段“‘豕’ means ‘all the family members’”可知，“豕”在新的故事里的意思是“所有的家庭成员”。故填It means “all the family members”. 4．根据第三段“The two strokes under the roof are grandparents. They keep the family members together.”可知，祖父母们让家庭成员团结在一起。故填The grandparents. 5．开放性试题，言之有理即可。通读全文可知，文章通过解释英文“FAMILY”的温馨含义和汉字“家”的构成及演变，揭示了家承载爱与亲情的内涵。现代解读更赋予“家”家庭成员和谐共处的象征，强调幸福家庭的重要性，则关于“你能做些什么来建立一个幸福的家庭”的问题，其回答可表达为“我可以表达爱，互相帮助，与家人共度美好时光”。故填I can show love, help each other, and spend quality time with my family members. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $