Unit 6 Earth first 词汇导学单-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版必修第二册

必修二 Unit 6 Earth first Vocabulary （导学单） 1.scare v. (使)害怕；受惊吓n. 恐惧；惊吓 派生：scared adj. 感到惊恐的，感到害怕的 → scary adi. 恐怖的；吓人的 搭配：scare sb. into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事 scare ... away / off 把……吓跑 be scared of 害怕=be frightened of =be afraid of(sth/ doing sth ) 害怕做某事 be scared to do=be frightened to do=be afraid to do害怕去做某事 scare sb to death 把某人吓得要死 2.due to 由于, 因为; 应归于 派生：due adj. 适当的，合适的；预定的，预期的；应得的，欠下的； 搭配：be due to do sth. 定于某时做某事 be due for 应得到 Be due to sb./sth 归因于某人/某事；应付给某人... 拓展：thanks to/ due to/ owing to/ because of/on account of 由于, 因为 3. target vt. 把……作为目标；瞄准 n. (想要达到的)目标, 对象；靶子 搭配：target sb./sth. 把……作为目标，攻击某人/某物 set a target 设定目标 meet/achieve one's target 达到目标 aim at a target 瞄准目标 miss the target 没有击中目标，脱靶 on target 可能实现目标 be targeted at 以······为目标 4.fortunately adv. 幸运地 派生：fortunate adj.幸运的 吉利的→unfortunate adj.不幸运的→unfortunately adv.不幸运地→fortune n.运气→misfortune n.不幸 搭配：make a fortune 发财 It is fortunate (for sb.) that... (对某人来说) ...是幸运的 have the good fortune to do sth 有幸做某事 be fortunate to do sth/in doing sth. 在某方面运气好 5.attitude n. 看法 态度 搭配：attitude towards/to...对...的看法/态度 in a/an... attitude 以......的态度 6.devote v. 致力 倾注 派生：devoted adj. 忠实的 深爱的 → devotion n. 深爱 热爱 献身 搭配：devote one’s life/energy/time/money/attention to (doing) sth. 把...用于(做)某事 devote oneself to（prep.） ... 致力于...；献身于...=be devoted to 拓展：be lost/absorbed/engaged/involved in/focus on/concentrate on “专注于/ 致力于做某事” 7.cruelty [u]n.残忍，残酷，残暴 派生：cruel adj. 残忍的 搭配：be cruel to sb./sth. 8.reserve n. 保护区；[常用复数] 储备 v. 预订；保留；储备 派生：reservation n. 预订；保留=book 搭配：reserve sth. for sb. 为某人预定/保留某物 reserve a room/table/seat 预订房间/桌子/座位 reserve the right to do sth. 保留做某事的权力 a nature/wildlife reserve自然/野生动物保护区 make a reservation 预约 without reservation 毫无保留地 9.damage v. 破损；损害；损伤 n. 破损；损害；损伤; (pl) 损害赔偿金 搭配：damage sb.'s property/reputation 损害某人的财产/名誉 do/cause damage to 给……造成损失 damage from 由……引起的损失 10.flood n. 洪水，水灾 v. 淹没；（感觉或是回忆）涌上心头 派生：flooded adj. 被水淹没的 搭配：a flood of 大量的…… flood in（后不接宾语） / into（后接宾语）大量涌入 flood out of 从……中蜂拥而出 be flooded with 充满.. 11.affect vt. 影响；感染；侵袭 派生：effect n.影响；效果；作用 affection n. 情感；喜爱 搭配：have an effect on/upon sth 对......有影响力 = have an influence/impact on/upon affect sb/sth= influence sb/sth 影响某人、某事 be deeply affected by 被深深打动 被……(疾病)侵袭； 12.supply n. (煤气、电力、自来水等) 供应 (系统) v. 提供 搭配：a supply of 大量供应；大量的 supply sth. to sb.提供给某人某物=supply sb. with sth. 拓展：offer sb sth =offer sth to sb provide sb with sth =provide sth for sb 13.adopt v. 采取（某种方法）；采用；领养；收养 派生：adopted adj. 收养的；领养的 搭配：adopt one’s suggestion/advice 采纳某人的建议 adopt an approach/measures 采用方法/采取措施 14.reduce v. 减少=decrease/decline ← increase 增加 派生：reduction n. 减少 搭配：reduce from... to...从...减少到... reduce to ...减少到…… reduce by ...减少了…… be reduced to （doing) 沦落为.....;陷入某种境地 be reduced to tears 泪流满面 15.infection n.感染 派生：infect v. 传染→ infectious adj.（疾病）传染的，感染的，有感染力的 →infected adj.（身体部位或伤口）被感染的 搭配：infect sb with sth 使某人感染 be infected with 被感染 16.lecture n. （尤指大学里的）讲座，演讲 v. 讲课；讲授；指责；训斥 派生：lecturer n. 讲课者，讲演者；讲师 搭配：attend / go to a lecture 参加演讲 give / deliver a lecture on / about sth关于某事发表演讲 give sb. a lecture about sth. = lecture sb. about sth. 教训某人某事 17.permission n. 允许, 许可 派生：permit v. (permitted；permitted；permitting) 允许 许可 n. 执照 许可证 搭配：ask for permission 请求许可 give sb. permission to do sth. 允许某人做某事 permit doing sth. 允许做某事 permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 weather/time permitting=If weather/time permits 天气/时间允许的话 18.majority n. 多数；大多数（人或物）minority n. 少数 派生：major adj.主要的；主修的 n. 专业 v.主修 搭配：the/a majority of... 大多数.....（+名词 谓语动词取决于该名词） in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数 in the/a minority 占少数；成为少数派 19.remove v 移走；搬走；走掉；开除；脱掉；消除；清除 派生：removal n. 移走；去掉 搭配：remove.. from... 把...从... 移开 remove from ...to.... 从... 搬到... remove sb from school 开除某人；勒令某人退学 remove one’s doubt/trouble 消除某人的疑虑/烦恼 20.take... into account 把……考虑进去 派生：account v. 认为；说明；总计有 n. 说明；理由；计算；账目；报道 搭配：account for 说明原因；做出解释；占...比例on account of 由于；因为 take account of 考虑... give an account of 对......进行描述 On no account 决不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装） 21.urge v. 竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促 n. 冲动 派生：urgent adj. 紧急的；急切的urgency n. 紧迫，紧急的事 搭配：urge sb to do sth. 敦/催促某人做某事 urge that sb (should) do sth. 敦促/极力主张某人做某事 reduce / resist / fight the urge to do sth. 减少做某事的冲动 have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事；有去做某事的冲动 It is urged that ...(should) do sth.坚决要求……做某事 22.concerned adj. 焦急的，担忧的；关心的，关切的；有关的 派生：concern vt. (使)担忧；涉及；关系到，关于n. 忧虑，担心；关心，关怀； 关注，所关注的事 → concerning prep. 关于…… 搭配：be concerned about/for 为……而关心；挂念 be concerned in ... 牵扯进……; 参与…… be concerned with 与……有关；对…..关切，感兴趣 as/so far as ...be concerned 就……而言 show/express one's concern about/for 对……表示关心，担心 23.contribute vt/vi. 促成，有助于；捐助；贡献；投稿 派生：contribution n. 贡献；捐献物；稿件 ; 捐助 → contributor n. 捐款者；撰稿人 搭配：contribute to　促成，导致，有助于…；向…投稿；向…捐赠; 为…做贡献 contribute ...to ... 向…奉献…; 向…捐赠…；向…投稿… make contributions/a contribution to(介词) ... 为……做贡献 24.average adj. 平均（数）的 n. 平均数 搭配：an average of 平均数为... below / above average 低于/高于平均数 on average 平均 练习 1.He is a shy boy and he is scared ____________ (speak) in front of people. 2.She devoted ________ (she) to her career. 3.___________ (affect) by those selfless doctors, I have developed a deep affection for the career. 4.Danny is their __________ (adopt) son, but they treat him as their own son. 5.Weather ___________ (permit), we will go hiking this weekend. 6.When choosing my major, I need to take my interests and career plans _______ account. 1.to speak 2.herself 3.Affected 4.adopted 5.permitting 6.into ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $