图表类作文素材积累 讲义-2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

图表类作文素材积累 考纲解读 利用图画或图表给考生提供一个特定的写作情景,要求考生在细心观察图画或图表、正确理解图画或图表的基础上,确定文章的主题和细节,然后组织语言进行表达。 题型指导 图表类书面表达往往提供一份统计图表和简单的文字说明让考生根据统计图表所提供的数据信息，结合文字提示及现象写一篇短文。这种图表在日常生活中得以广泛应用，实用性强。 【开头】阐述背景 【正文】描述图表＋简评图表 【结尾】总结观点/提出建议 图表作文三个层次要求 1.按照题目要求描述图表反映的总情况，即概括大意。 2.对数字进行仔细的比较，抓住特点进行分析、归纳并找出产生变化的原因。 3.写出读图表后的想法和评论，从而得出自己的结论。 图表作文 素材积累 【开头】阐述背景 句式1：Recently, we/I have done a survey about /a survey has been carried out on ________(调查的主要内容). 仿写1：最近，在互联网上进行了一项关于网上购物的调查。结果如下。 Recently, a survey about online shopping has been conducted on the Internet. The results are as follows. 仿写2：最近，我们对客户对我们产品的满意度进行了调查。 Recently, we have done a survey about customer satisfaction with our products. 句式2：In order to/To ______(目的), a survey has been/was carried out _______(调查的对象及时间). 仿写1：为了了解他们对志愿工作的参与程度和偏好，《学校英语报》上周末对同学们进行了一项调查。 To find out their involvement and preference in voluntary work, the School English Paper conducted a survey among the schoolmates last weekend. 仿写2：为了确保客户满意度，我们进行了一项调查，以收集关于我们的产品和服务的反馈意见。 To ensure customer satisfaction, a survey has been carried out to gather feedback on our products and services. 【正文】描述图表＋简评图表 基础版 1. 这个折线图明显地展示了……的趋势 The line chart apparently shows the trends of …… 2. 这张图清楚地揭示了……的变化 The graph clearly reveals the changes in …… 3. 根据表格/图表/图示/...我们可以看见... According to the table/chart/diagram/graph, we can see... 【正文】描述图表＋简评图表 高分版 ★非限制性定语从句 1. 正如上表所显示的那样，…… As is apparently shown in the table above, ... 2. 如图(饼图/条形图)图表/图形/表格所示…… As is shown in the(pie/bar)chart/graph/diagram/table ... 3. 正如表格（图表）所示/根据表格（图表）中的数据/根据表格（图表）中给出的数字 As is shown in the table(chart)/As can be indicated in the table(chart)/According to the figures given in the table(chart), ... ★名词性从句 1. 这个条形图说明了…… This bar chart illustrates that …… 2. 从表中可看出…/从表中我们可知… It can be seen from the table that.../From the table we can see that... ★高频表达---数据描述 1.上升 rise, increase, go up 2.下降 fall, drop, decrease, decline, reduce, lessen 3.平稳 stable, steady, remain/maintain/keep/be the same as/similar to 4.占 occupy, take up, account for 5.而 while, however, whereas, on the other hand 6.相比 by contract, on the contrary, likewise, compared with 7. 数字 the number/figure 8. 数据 the data 9. 百分比 the percentage 10. 比例 the proportion 11. 统计数据 the statistic 12. 极大地 greatly 13. 戏剧性地 dramatically 14. 显著地 significantly 15. 锋利地 sharply 16. 适度地 moderately 17. 轻微地 slightly ★ 增加 1.预计将/有望增加……倍。 It is expected to increase ... times. 2.今年总共增加了……%。 There is an increase of ...% in total this year. 3. 该表显示比去年增加了……倍。 The table shows a ... times increase over that of last year. 4. 它比……增加了……倍。 It has increased by ... times compared with that of ... ★ 减少 Tips：英语中表示“减少、降低”的词（decrease/reduce/fall等），不能与倍数（times）直接连用，倍数仅用于描述“增加、上升”。 1. 总数减少了……%。 The total number was lowered by ...%. 2. 与……相比，减少到原来的 1/3 It has decreased by nearly two-thirds, compared with that in... 3. 与……相比，它从百分之……下降到了百分之…… Compared with ..., it fell from ... percent to ... percent. 4. 比去年减少了三分之二。 It decreased by two-thirds compared with that of last year. ... ★ 比较 1. ……的销售额在……中最低，其次是……部门和……部门。 ... has the lowest sales figure in the ..., followed by ... and ... 2. …的数字大约是……的两倍。 The figure of ... is about twice as much as that of ....… 3. 销售收入为……百万，是销售额最高的公司 The income from sales is ... million, making the company the highest one in sales. 4. ……的收入达到……百万，位于榜单的中间。 The ...’s income/The income of ... reaches ... million, which is in the middle of the list. ★ 占比 1.它占总人口的……%。 It accounts for ... % of the total population. 2. 有……名成员拥有硕士学位，占……的近四分之一。 There are ... members with master’s degrees, making up nearly a quarter of ... 3. 与……前相比，收入增长了约……%。 The figure of income increased by about ...% as compared with ... ago. 4. 学生人数已达……，与去年相比增长了……%。 The number of students has reached ..., indicating a rise of ...%,compared to last year. 5. 排在名单最上面/最下面的是…，占全部的…%。 On the top/At the bottom of the list is…, which takes up/accounts for…% of all. 6. …is排名第一，紧随其后的是…，而…排在最后，分别占…% …is ranked first, followed (closely) by… , while … came last, accounting for…% respectively. 7. …排名第一，占…%，其次是…占…%。另一方面，数量相对较少的…，【两者皆有】所占比例不到…%。 …ranks first, taking up …%, followed by … accounting for …%. On the other hand, a relatively small number of …, 【both of】which occupies less than …%. 【正文】描述图表＋简评图表 句式3：As is shown in the chart, ... among students are... About ... of the students like... .The survey also showed that ...of the students are .... 仿写：如图所示，学生中最受欢迎的书籍是科学类和漫画书。大约18%的学生喜欢有关体育和音乐的书籍。调查还显示，只有13%的学生对经典文学感兴趣。 As is shown in the chart, the most popular books among students are science and comics. About 18% of the students like books about sports and music. The survey also showed that only 13% of the students are interested in classics. 句式4：Among them ... have ... as well as ..., and a larger percentage ...．Coming next is ...．... of the students surveyed ... . In addition, Still fewer ..． 仿写：其中70％的学生有学习焦虑和视力不佳，更多的学生缺乏睡眠。接下来是缺乏体育锻炼。40％的受访学生不听从他们的父母或老师。此外，还有更少的学生声称他们缺乏与他人的交流。 Among them 70% have learning anxiety as well as poor eyesight, and a larger percentage lack sleep．Coming next is the lack of physical exercise. 40% of the students surveyed won't obey their parents or teachers．In addition, Still fewer claim not to have enough communication with others． 句式5：According to the survey results, obviously, 描述现象（比如谁最少，谁最多）, which reflect a adj. phenomenon that more and more .... 。 仿写：根据调查结果, 显然，学生更喜欢通过娱乐方式学习英语，而不是阅读书籍，这反映了越来越多的学生对阅读书籍失去了兴趣的现象。 According to the survey results, obviously, students prefer to learn English through entertaining methods than reading books, which reflects a phenomenon that more and more students have lost interest in reading books. 【正文】分析原因的3个维度 常见的分析角度 1. development 发展 2. lifestyle 生活方式 3. psychological needs 心理需求 素材积累—原因 分析原因功能句： 1. A是B的原因 A contributes greatly to B 2. A 是主要原因 A is the contributing factor 3. A是B的原因 A is responsible for B 4. A在这个过程中依旧扮演一个角色 A also play a role in the process 5. 造成这种情况的因素很多。 Many factors contribute to this situation. 6. ……的原因是…… The reason why... is that... 7. ……增加／减少是由于……样的事实引起的 The increase/decrease in... is due to the fact that ... 8. ……的另一个因素是… Another contributory factor of ... is ... 9. ……的原因是…… The reason for...is that ... 10. 最令人惊讶的发现之一是…… One of the most surprising findings is that... 素材积累---分析原因（总-分） 1.表格中的这些变化应归因于以下原因。首先，...... 其次，... Such changes in the table should owe to the following reasons. Firstly, ... Secondly, ... 2. ......背后的原因是什么？有三个原因可以解释 .... What’s behind …? There exist three reasons, which may account for this …. 3. 有几个原因。首先......其次,....Besides/ 除此之外/ 此外/ 此外....Finally/ 最后但并非最不重要的是...... There are several reasons for it. Firstly/ First of all/ To begin with,..Secondly,....Besides/ In addition/ Furthermore/ Moreover.... Finally/ Last but not least,... ★ 仿写练习 然而，由于各种原因，许多学生不想改进他们的书法。51.5%的学生认为他们只会使用电脑，所以没有必要浪费时间改进他们的笔迹，32.3%的学生认为自己忙于学习，没有时间练习。10.9%的人认为练习书法没用。 Yet for various reasons, many students don’t want to improve their handwriting. 51.5 percent of the students think that they can just use a computer, so there is no need to waste time improving their handwriting, and 32.3 percent believe that they are so busy with studying that they do not have time to practise. 10.9 percent think that practising handwriting is useless. 【正文】个人观点 1. In a word/in short/generally speaking/to sum up/in conclusion/in summary 2. As far as I'm concerned, it would be wise to… 3. It is necessary/ essential that (should)... 4. The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that. . . 5. As can be seen from the diagram, great changes have taken place in... 6. From this year on, there was a gradual decline/reduction in. . 7. From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ... ★ 仿写练习 【重庆5月康德三检】近日，你校英语报拟介绍学生课外体育锻炼的情况。请你结合图表信息，以“Physical Exercise After Class”为题写一篇英语短文投稿，内容包括:1.课外体育锻炼情况描述; 2.简单评论; 3.你的建议。 在我看来，只有通过参加各种课外体育活动，我们才能改善身体健康，更好的心理健康和更高的学习成绩。因此，我强烈建议学校可以提供更好的体育设施和组织体育活动，以鼓励学生参加课外活动。 From my point of view, only by participating in a variety of extracurricular sports activities can we improve physical health, better mental wellness and higher academic performance. Therefore, I strongly suggest that schools can provide better sports facilities and organize sports events to encourage students to take part in the after-school activities. 2024.1 福建七地市质检图表类作文解析 时态：一般现在时 人称：第三人称 要点：高中生每周参加体育锻炼时长数据介绍和分析 结构: Para1：背景+简要描述图表内容 Para 2：数据介绍 Para 3：分析结果（现象+原因+建议） Para1：简要描述图表内容 1.根据对本校高中生进行的调查，他们每周锻炼的时间得出了以下结果。(非谓语动词) According to the survey conducted among high school students in our school, the following results were obtained regarding their weekly exercise duration. 2.为了了解青少年的体育锻炼情况，我们对高中生每周的锻炼习惯进行了调查。 For an understanding of the teenagers’ physical exercise, a survey concerning the weekly exercise habits of high school students was carried out. Para 2：数据介绍 1.如图所示，只有 21%的学生参加体育活动的时间少于 1 小时，而大多数学生（59%）参加体育活动的时间为 1-3 小时。相当多的 16% 的学生运动时间为 3-5 小时，仅有 4% 的学生运动时间少于 5 小时。（定语从句） 1.As is shown in the chart, only 21% of the students engage in physical activities for less than one hour, while the majority, 59%, exercise for 1-3 hours. A significant 16% of students exercise for 3-5 hours, and a mere 4% exercise for less than 5 hours. 2.在接受调查的学生中，21% 的高中生每周体育锻炼时间少于 1 小时，59% 的学生每周锻炼时间为 1-3 小时。此外，16% 的学生锻炼时间为 3-5 小时，只有 4% 的学生锻炼时间少于 5 小时。 Among the surveyed students, 21% of high school students spend less than one hour on sports activities, while 59% work out for 1-3 hours per week. Additionally, 16% of students exercise for 3-5 hours, while only 4% engage in physical activities for less than 5 hours. 3.从图中可以看出，锻炼时间少于 1 小时的学生占 21%。锻炼 1-3 小时和 3-5 小时的学生分别占 59%和 16%。锻炼时间超过 6 小时的学生比例最小，仅占 4%。 It can be seen from the chart that students working out for less than 1 hour account for 21%. Those who exercise for 1-3 hours and 3-5 hours respectively take up 59% and 16%. The smallest proportion of students, 4%, engage in physical exercise for over 6 hours. Para 3：分析结果（现象+建议） 1.从这些调查结果中，我们可以得出这样的结论：相当一部分中学生参加体育锻炼，少量学生投入了大量的时间进行体育锻炼。然而，仍有改进的余地，因为有相当一部分学生没有达到建议的锻炼时间。 From these findings, we can conclude that a considerable portion of our high school students are participating in physical exercise, with a small number dedicating a substantial amount of time to it. However, there is still room for improvement, as a significant minority falls short of the recommended exercise duration. 2 .这些调查结果表明，大多数学生都意识到体育锻炼的重要性，并为体育锻炼分配了相当多的时间。然而，值得注意的是，仍有一小部分学生没有达到建议的运动时间。（主语从句）总体而言，应努力宣传定期体育锻炼的重要性，鼓励学生为了整体健康和幸福多做运动。 These findings indicate that the majority of students are aware of the importance of physical exercise and allocate a considerable amount of time to it. However, it is worth noting that a small percentage of students still fall short of the recommended exercise duration. Overall, efforts should be made to promote the importance of regular physical activity and encourage students to engage in more exercise for their overall health and well-being. 3. 这一数据反映了中学生体育锻炼不足这一令人担忧的趋势。/这一数据反映了相当多的学生运动量不足的现象。（定语从句）究其原因，可能是学业繁重、对体育运动缺乏兴趣，或使用体育设施的机会有限。 This data reflects a concerning trend of insufficient physical activity among high school students. /This data reflects a phenomenon where a significant number of students do not exercise enough. The reasons behind this could be the heavy academic workload, lack of interest in sports, or limited access to sports facilities. 4. 要解决这个问题，关键是要提高人们对定期锻炼重要性及其对身心健康积极影响的认识。学校可以将更多体育活动纳入课程，鼓励学生参加体育俱乐部或课外活动。此外，家长也应在促进健康生活方式方面发挥积极作用，支持和鼓励子女参加体育活动。 To address this issue, it is crucial to raise awareness about the importance of regular exercise and its positive impact on both physical and mental health. Schools can incorporate more physical activities into the curriculum and encourage students to participate in sports clubs or extracurricular activities. Moreover, parents should also play an active role in promoting a healthy lifestyle by supporting and engaging their children in physical activities 参考范文 A Survey on Weekly Exercise Time A recent survey conducted by our school newspaper has revealed some interesting findings regarding the weekly exercise habits of high school students. According to the data, 21% of the students exercise for less than one hour per week, 59% exercise between one and three hours, 16% exercise between three and five hours, and a small percentage of 4% exercise for more than five hours each week. These findings suggest that the majority of students are aware of the importance of regular exercise and are making efforts to incorporate it into their weekly routine. However, there is still a significant proportion of students who are not exercising enough, highlighting the need for more awareness and encouragement towards a healthy lifestyle. A Survey on Weekly Exercise Time According to the survey conducted among high school students in our school, the following results were obtained regarding their weekly exercise duration. It can be seen from the chart that students working out for less than 1 hour account for 21%. Those who exercise for 1-3 hours and 3-5 hour respectively take up 59% and 16%. The smallest proportion of students, 4%, engage in physical exercise for over 6 hours. This data reflects a concerning trend of insufficient physical activity among high school students. To address this issue, it is crucial to raise awareness about the importance of regular exercise and its positive impact on both physical and mental health. Schools can incorporate more physical activities into the curriculum and encourage students to participate in sports clubs or extracurricular activities. Only with joint efforts can students actively involve themselves in physical activities. 同类题 （高考真题） （2022年高考英语全国乙卷图表作文） 学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿内容包括: 1. 学习活动状况描述; 2. 简单评论 3.你的建议。 参考范文： Learning English is an essential skill for students, and it’s important to explore ways to improve language proficiency beyond the confines of the classroom. It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and watching English movies is respectively 65% and 50%. However, those choosing reading English books and visiting English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%. But from my point of view, to combine the advantages of all kinds of methods, such as listening , speaking, reading, viewing and writing is the most efficient.Thus it is learning English beyond the classroom that assists students to broaden their horizons and become the high quality talents. 百分比 classic 13% science 43% comics 26% sports& music 18% classic science comics sports & music 0.13 0.43 0.26 0.18 系列 2 看英语书籍 听英语歌曲 看英语电影 浏览英语学习网站 0.18 0.65 0.5 0.12 系列 1 看英语书籍 听英语歌曲 看英语电影 浏览英语学习网站 4.3 2.5 3.5 4.5 系列 3 看英语书籍 听英语歌曲 看英语电影 浏览英语学习网站 2 2 3 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $