北京市平谷区2025-2026学年高一第一学期教学质量监控英语试题

2025—2026学年度第一学期教学质量监控样卷 高一英语 2026.1 注意事项 1.本样卷共12页，包括三部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。 2.在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名。 3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在样卷上作答无效。 4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5.考试结束，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 One afternoon in the Alps, the radio suddenly announced a warning — thick snow had ___1___ an outdoor camp and three people were missing. Mark and his four hiking friends, who just finished their trip, were getting more supplies at the mountain foot when they heard the news. Grabbing their hiking sticks, they ___2___ into the mountains right away. “Don’t wait for the rescuers! Every minute ___3___ for those trapped!” Mark shouted, waving his hand. And yet, no one noticed that he didn’t even carry a snowslide detector and what was more, none of them thought to call the rescue center. They struggled through soft new snow that ___4___ their knees, each step a battle. Suddenly, the snow beside them made a sound. Before anyone could ___5___ a half meter-thick wall of snow came crashing down. Anna screamed loudly as the snow pulled her into a pile of snow. The others hurried to help, only to get ___6___ in the loose snow one after another. When the wind and snow finally ___7___ down, all five were trapped in a narrow snow valley. By then, their phones had been without ___8___ for a long time, and the bitter cold made their teeth chatter. It wasn’t until evening that a professional rescue team, following the trail of their abandoned backpacks, found the group of “rescuers” with a detector. As Mark was pulled out of the snow, he stared at the team’s equipment, his face turning red with ___9___. They’d set out to save others, but ____10____ being the ones rescued. By then, the real victims had been safely taken to a safe place hour earlier. 1. A. circled B. covered C. filled D. wrapped 2. A. rushed B. walked C. climbed D. wandered 3. A. helps B. works C. matters D. limits 4. A. pressed B. touched C. reached D. passed 5. A. approach B. respond C. quit D. disappear 6. A. lost B. hurt C. stuck D. gapped 7. A. died B. fell C. broke D. turned 8. A. sense B. sound C. message D. signal 9. A. disappointment B. surprise C. fear D. shame 10. A. ended up B. gave up C. put up D. took up 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 So far, many cities in northern China ___11___(hold) a variety of ice and snow festivals. Changchun Lianhuadao will hold its “Ice and Snow Folk Lantern Festival” until March 8, 2026. The festival has the theme “Big Red Lanterns Hanging High”. The site will be decorated with ten thousand shining lanterns, ___12___ will light up the whole area. It will also gather authentic local delicious foods such as iron pot stew. Changchun sincerely invites tourists ___13___ all over the country to start a warm and unique winter journey, which combines traditional charm with icy fun. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Many Swiss still favor natural dyeing (染色) and purchase packaged onion peels from supermarkets, which ___14___ (price) at $33.5 per kilogram — far more expensive than onions that sell for $2.84 a pound in the same stores. Though what makes sense is to buy onions, cook with them and reuse the ___15___ (dry) peels for dyeing, some Swiss prefer the packaged version, as it spares them the trouble of cleaning. Being pre-washed and capable of creating more beautiful colors, these peels perfectly meet people’s demands, ___16___ (explain) why they are even regarded as luxury goods for Easter. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Last Friday, we held an English corner in the school garden. Before we arrived there, our teacher ___17___ (collect) many interesting topics like ___18___ (share) our favorite movies and talking about our dream jobs. When the activity started, a boy from Class 3 stood up first. He spoke so fluently that everyone listened carefully. ___19___ surprised us all was that he used to be afraid of speaking English in public. Later he ___20___ (tell) us that he had kept practicing with his classmates every day for two months. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 A In October 2026, UK hosts events like New Scientist Live 2026. They open science’s door to all, letting people of all ages find joy in exploration. New Scientist Live 2026 Head to New Scientist Live 2026, from 18 to 20 October, for loads of mind-blowing science, technology and interesting ideas. There are four main stages at the event: The Future, Mind and Body, Our Planet and The Universe, and lots of fantastic speakers will be appearing. Nothing but school groups are admitted to New Scientist Live on October 20th. Schools’ Day is all about inspiring young people with activities and career opportunities in the science world. Find out more at live.newscientist.com. Celebrate Science 2026 On 28 and 29 October, Durham University and Locomotion, a rail museum, will be revealing the wonders and science of the everyday. Discover the story of Mini, whose granny has reduced herself to a tiny size—it’s up to Mini and her friends to use science to rescue her. Only schools can get into Celebrate Science 2026 on October 29th. For more information, visit tinyurl.com/SN-locomotion. Bradford Science Festival From 25 October to 2 November, this festival brings the future to life with five zones themed around technology, fashion, climate, sound and food. Learn how to “Make a Meal” with Yorkshire Wildlife Trust, drum for your health with the Clem Burke Drumming Project and find out how hydrogen cars work. Discover more at tinyurl.com/SN-BradfordScience. IF Oxford Science and Ideas From 17 October to 2 November, Oxford will come to life with more than 100 events. On 18 October, meet researchers and scientists at the Science Oxford Centre, and experience the Poetry of Science. Also on offer as robot racing, incredible insects and being an engineer for the day in “Fusion Fix It”. Visit if-oxford.com to find out more. 21. What do New Scientist Live 2026 and Celebrate Science 2026 have in common? A. Both events are organized by Durham University. B. Both events share a story about a girl and her granny. C. Both events have a special day open only to schools. D. Both events focus on showing space and universe themes. 22. Which event allows visitors to learn about the science-related cooking activity? A. New Scientist Live 2026 B. Celebrate Science 2026 C. Bradford Science Festival D. IF Oxford Science and Ideas 23. What can visitors do at IF Oxford Science and Ideas? A. Learn about keeping your favorite insects. B. Discover the story of Mini and her granny. C. Enjoy the Poetry of Science on 18 October. D. Try robot racing with experts and researchers. 24. What is the main purpose of the four events? A. To hold competitions for science lovers. B. To train professional scientists for universities. C. To introduce new scientific inventions to experts. D. To spread scientific knowledge to the general public. B The Palisades Fire in Los Angeles burned Charlotte Tragos’s home to the ground. “It was a pretty special and unique house,” says Tragos, who escaped with her parents, her younger sister and their three dogs when the fire broke out on January 7, 2025. A few days after the fire started, a friend shared a video with her of a Los Angeles artist offering to create, for free, watercolor paintings of people’s homes before they were burned down. Tragos reached out to the artist, Jordan Heber, asking if she could do Tragos’s childhood home. “I wanted to do it as a surprise to my parents, who are extremely busy right now,” she says. Tragos sent a photo to Heber, who completed a painting of Tragos’s home in just three days. “Our homes are so much more than these physical, standing things that we keep our belongings in,” says Heber, who lives in Santa Monica. “It’s an incredible honor to create these lasting respects to the places that carried so much life and memory.” Tragos says she will forever be grateful to Heber. “It means the world,” she says. “We’re in a position where we have nothing, and anything like that, especially pieces that honor what the house meant to us — it is really inspiring.” Behind this deeply comforting gift, though, lies the heartfelt motivation (初衷，动力)that drove Heber to act when the wildfires struck. A friend sent her a post by another local artist offering to draw people’s homes at no charge, and Heber was inspired. “This will be my way to help people,” said Heber. Shortly after she posted her offer on social media, requests started coming in. Heber has created more than 25 paintings, including one for Jeremy Wineberg, whose home in Pacific Palisades was destroyed. “We told her our story, and she so kindly and lovingly made such a beautiful memory that looks exactly as if it was a photograph,” says Wineberg. “We’re going to frame it and put it in our new home eventually.” Heber is glad that people find her paintings meaningful, saying, “Hopefully it inspires others to use their talents to help people.” 25. Which statement about Jordan Heber’s free painting service is TRUE? A. She designed the service after seeing the special and unique house. B. People asked her to paint the houses they moved into after the fire. C. She has drawn over 25 house paintings since advertising her service online. D. Her painting service was first offered to the people affected by the Palisades Fire. 26. What motivated Jordan Heber to provide free paintings for fire victims? A. The urgent need from fire victims spread on social media. B. The kind act of another local artist who offered free drawings. C. The hope of making her painting skills better known to the public. D. The extra time she had after the wildfires disturbed her daily work. 27. What kind of person is Jordan Heber according to the passage? A. Generous and reliable. B. Modest and determined. C. Talented and imaginative. D. Warm-hearted and artistic. C For a long time, plant tissues were thought to be incapable of remaking. When that was disproved in the early 1900s, researchers focused largely on roots, where many bacteria (细菌) are involved in soil-based food cycling. Whatever might be living within a plant’s shoots, trunks and leaves was mostly ignored. For a recent study in Nature, researchers analyzed about 150 trees across 16 species to map their trunk microbial communities. They estimate (估计) a single mature tree hosts roughly one trillion bacteria in its “microbiome” (微生物组) with distinct communities in different layers. In other words, the trees have methane (甲烷)-producing bacteria which may release greenhouse gases. “It turned out what’s living inside the trees was really different from what we found anywhere else in the forest,” says the study’s co-lead author, Jonathan Gewirtzman, an ecosystem ecologist at Yale University. To examine the trunk’s hidden community, Gewirtzman and his colleagues drilled into living tree trunks to collect thin core samples, which they immediately froze with dry ice to prevent microbial activity. They then separated the cores into side wood and heartwood, ground the frozen wood into powder and ordered the bacteria in each layer. To study the activity of living microbes, they also sealed holes drilled into trees and later measured gases such as methane released by different layers. The researchers learned that when trees are evolutionarily close, they tend to have similar microbiomes. And the team found a surprise deep inside the trunks: “In the older and inner heartwood,” Gewirtzman says, “we saw microbes more like what you’d find in a wetland — anaerobic bacteria and methane producers,” species suited to a waterlogged and oxygen-poor environment. Some bacteria in the outer layers may consume part of that methane, the researchers found, but the study suggests that methane-producing bacteria inside trees could still create greenhouse gas emissions (排放) scientists should figure into calculations. “It is a really nice study, as they did something different from most: comparing the inner wood against the outer wood. By studying these natural plant-microbe partnerships, we can understand which bacteria are important and active to add back into our agricultural system,” a plant microbiologist says. 28. What can we learn about the long-standing view regarding plant tissues? A. It claimed that plant tissues could not regrow. B. It was disproved by research on soil food cycling. C. It stressed the role of bacteria in plant shoots and leaves. D. It was fully supported by studies on plant roots in the 1900s. 29. What does the Nature study reveal about the bacterial communities in tree trunks? A. Bacteria in different tree species share same characteristics. B. Bacterial communities in tree trunks are identical to those in roots. C. The number of bacteria in a tree’s microbiome is fixed at one trillion. D. Certain bacteria within tree trunks could contribute to greenhouse gases. 30. What is the primary focus of the researchers’ work in paragraph 3? A. Comparing the gas-releasing abilities of different tree species. B. Developing effective ways to preserve tree trunk core samples. C. Exploring tree trunk microbes by various experimental methods. D. Analyzing the relationship between tree age and microbial variety. 31. What is the significance of the study on tree trunk microbes? A. It helps understand key bacteria for agricultural system improvement. B. It updates the long-standing view that plant tissues are extremely active. C. It finds a way to clear away methane-producing bacteria in tree trunks. D. It proves that tree roots are less important than trunks for food cycling. D Doctors struggle to predict who will have a heart attack. Could AI help? Now many companies are applying AI algorithms to screen millions of CT scans for early signs of heart disease. This technology could be a breakthrough for public health, but it remains unproven broadly while raising tricky questions about application and even how we define disease. Coronary artery calcium (CAC), a marker for heart attack risk, and testing for CAC remains an underused method of predicting heart attack risk. CAC scans were believed to have a big benefit and were marketed to the worried well. Attitudes, though, may be shifting. More expert groups are supporting CAC scores as a way to improve heart attack risk estimates and persuade doubtful patients to start taking a specific type of pill The promise of AI-derived CAC scores is part of a broader trend toward mining treasures of medical data to spot otherwise undetected disease. But while it seems promising, the practice raises plenty of questions. For example, CAC scores haven’t proved useful as an effective instrument for universal screening. A 2022 Danish study evaluating a population-based program, for example, showed no benefit in death rates for patients who had experienced CAC screening tests. If AI delivered this information automatically, would the calculation really change? And with widespread adoption, abnormal CAC scores will become common. Who follows up on these findings? “Many health systems aren’t yet set up to act on incidental risk findings at scale,” says Nishith Khandwala, the cofounder of Bunkerville Health. “Without a standard procedure for doing so”, he says, “you risk creating more work than value.” There’s also the question of whether these AI-created scores would actually improve patient care. For patients with symptoms, a CAC score of zero may offer a false sense of security. For asymptomatic patients with a high CAC score, the next steps remain uncertain. In both cases, the normal pattern of diagnosis (诊断) — in which doctors and patients purposely test to figure out what’s causing a specific problem — was completely disturbed. But, as Adam Rodman, who pays special attention to the problems in the application of AI in disease diagnosis, notes that incident diseases were still found by humans reviewing the scans. Now, he says, “we are entering an era of ‘machine-based disease classification’, where algorithms define diseases on their own terms.” As machines make more diagnoses, they may catch things we miss. However, holding the pen as they switch between patients and algorithmic outputs — doctors still matter. 32. What can we learn about AI-created CAC scores? A. They can replace doctors in the process of heart disease diagnosis. B. They may bring new challenges to the traditional pattern of medical diagnosis. C. They have already been fully used in the existing health systems worldwide. D. They have been widely proven to reduce the death rate of heart disease patients. 33. How does the author develop the passage? A. By giving global official data and trends. B. By presenting problems and expert opinions. C. By listing benefits and methods of AI-CAC scores. D. By comparing AI screening with traditional methods. 34. What is the author’s attitude toward AI-based CAC scores in heart disease screening? A. Supportive. B. Critical. C. Cautious. D. Doubtful. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In recent years, scientists have uncovered a fascinating truth: our muscles possess a distinct memory for movement and exercise. We’ve all observed that consistent physical exercise builds bigger, stronger muscles — but the science behind this process is far more complex than meets the eye. ____35____ However, few know the biological process behind this muscle recovery rule. As leading muscle scientist Adam Sharples explains, human skeletal muscle cells are unique. Long, thin fibers with multiple cores, they grow via stress/ injury-activated satellite cells donating components to boost muscle growth and recovery. Crucially, these core parts persist in muscle fibers despite long inactivity, aiding muscle growth resumption as a biological advantage. Sharples’ lab made history in 2018 by proving human skeletal muscle retains exercise-induced growth memory, enabling rapid responses to later workouts even after long breaks. In other words, your muscles remember how to grow. ____36____ Sharples also points out convincing new evidence that muscles store memories of tissue loss, with clear differences between younger and older muscle tissue. Young muscle shows what he calls a “positive” tissue loss memory: after an initial period of wasting away, it recovers strongly and avoids greater loss during later tissue loss periods. ____37____ This negative memory makes older muscle more vulnerable to severe tissue loss and causes an extreme cell reaction during recovery. This pattern reveals a key balance: “negative” muscle memories can reduce the benefits of “positive” ones. ____38____It also shows why long periods of inactivity can be more harmful for older adults. ____39____ The more regularly we exercise and challenge them, the better they can make good use of this natural ability to become a lasting, beneficial part of our bodies long into the future. A. On the other hand, older muscle has a more obvious “negative” memory. B. The main result is clear: muscles have their own form of intelligence. C. Even a short break from exercise will erase the progress you’ve made in building muscle. D. This discovery hasn’t changed traditional views of how muscles adapt to physical activity over time. E. In short, Sharples’ research shows muscles keep an exercise memory to help grow faster after breaks. F. This balance between different types of muscle memories has important effects for fitness and aging. G. Many people have experienced the fact of regaining muscle faster after a break from working out. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 You don’t have to give up sugar or run a marathon to see real changes in your health and happiness. Instead, science supports a “start small” way. Small actions, done regularly, are what create long-lasting changes. The secret? It’s not willpower. It’s not even goals. The best way to turn a small change into a powerful habit is not to focus on your motivation, your reasons for doing it, or your long-term goals. Wait, what? Isn’t motivation the whole point of New Year’s resolutions? Aren’t goals supposed to fuel us? That is what everyone thinks, but research has shown that making small changes to the environment, the situation in which you perform the behavior, is far more powerful. Goals aren’t bad; they certainly have a purpose, but “motivation” only lasts for so long. Habits need to be two things to stick: easy and enjoyable. For example, do you think your goal of getting back into the same size jeans you wore in high school will inspire you to hit the gym every day? Probably not. What will, then? Choosing a gym that’s close to your house, ideally less than 5 miles, was the strongest factor for predicting gym attendance in our research. Even better if you are doing an activity, you really enjoy or meeting a good friend there. The best part: Once these tiny changes take root, they add up — better sleep, stronger muscles, calmer moods and a sharper mind. Just as compound interest grows wealth over time, small, consistent habits can lead to great health improvements. Start now by choosing one or two of these small habits that suit you. Once you feel confident with these, add similar habits for even greater benefits. Instead of trying to change everything or forcing yourself to do something you hate, focus on two questions: How can I make it easy to do? And how can I make it enjoyable? That’s how you change your life, one small change at a time. 40. What can create long-lasting changes? ____________________________________________________________________________ 41. What kind of habits are easy to stick to? ____________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. In our research, choosing a gym far from home was the most important factor in ensuring gym attendance. ____________________________________________________________________________ 43. Besides the examples given in the text, what a small, regular habit do you have to improve your health or daily life? And explain why it works for you.（In about 40 words） ____________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim进入高中后，学习和生活受到一些电子产品的严重影响。特发来邮件向你寻求帮助，请你根据自身经验给Jim写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 提出建议并给出理由； 2. 表达鼓励和期待。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 2025—2026学年度第一学期教学质量监控样卷 高一英语 2026.1 注意事项 1.本样卷共12页，包括三部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。 2.在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名。 3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在样卷上作答无效。 4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5.考试结束，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 【1~10题答案】 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. A 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 【11~13题答案】 【答案】11. have held 12. which 13. from B 【14~16题答案】 【答案】14. are priced 15. dried 16. explaining C 【17~20题答案】 【答案】17. had collected 18. sharing 19. What 20. told 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 A 【21~24题答案】 【答案】21. C 22. C 23. C 24. D B 【25~27题答案】 【答案】25. C 26. B 27. D C 【28~31题答案】 【答案】28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A D 【32~34题答案】 【答案】32. B 33. B 34. C 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 【35~39题答案】 【答案】35. G 36. E 37. A 38. F 39. B 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 【40~43题答案】 【答案】40. Small actions, done regularly. 41. Habits that are easy and enjoyable. 42. In our research, choosing a gym far from home was the most important factor in ensuring gym attendance. According to the fifth paragraph of the text, “Choosing a gym that’s close to your house, ideally less than 5 miles, was the strongest factor for predicting gym attendance in our research.” 43. I drink a glass of warm water every morning. It’s easy to do and helps me stay hydrated, which boosts my metabolism and keeps my skin healthy. 第二节（20分） 【44题答案】 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m sorry to hear that electronic products are seriously affecting your study and life since you entered senior high school. Based on my own experience, I’d like to give you some practical advice. First, put away your electronic devices during study time, because it can help you concentrate better and improve your study efficiency. Second, set a daily time limit for using them, such as 30 minutes after finishing homework, to avoid addiction. Besides, spend more time doing sports or talking with your classmates, which can enrich your life and help you get rid of dependence on electronics. I believe you can make it with determination. Keep trying, and you’ll soon balance your study and daily life well. I’m looking forward to hearing your good news. Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $