Unit 8 A green world 一般将来时的被动语态-【简语法-单元核心语法精练】英语八年级下册（译林版）

该初中英语Unit 8（新教材译林版）复习学案以“一般将来时的被动语态”为核心，通过表格系统梳理句式结构、核心用法、典型例句及易错点，构建“定义-结构-考点”的递进式学习路径，引导学生从语法规则理解逐步过渡到语境应用，体现知识建构的系统性和连贯性。 亮点在于“语法模块的正误对比分析”和“主题语境下的综合练习”设计，通过三大结构（will/shall/be going to/be to）的应用场景辨析培养思维品质，结合环保主题的句子转换（如“More trees are going to be planted”）提升语言能力。练习题涵盖单选、完成句子、阅读等题型，为学生提供分层训练，也为教师实施单元复习提供完整的教学支持。

单元核心语法精练 Unit 8 A green world（新教材译林版） （一般将来时的被动语态） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 表格系统梳理一般将来时被动语态的句式结构、核心用法、典型例句及易错点，清晰呈现三种常用结构（will/shall/be going to/be to）的应用场景，助力精准掌握语法规则。 语法模块 核心要点 具体内容 典型例句（含正误对比） 一、核心定义 本质特征 主语是动作的承受者，且动作发生在将来某一时刻或阶段 The building will be built next month.（这栋楼下个月将开工。） 二、三大核心结构及句式 1. will/shall 结构（最常用） 肯定句：主语 + will/shall + be done + 其他 否定句：主语 + will/shall not + be done + 其他 一般疑问句：Will/Shall + 主语 + be done + 其他？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + will/shall + 主语 + be done + 其他？ ① 肯定：The results of the competition will be announced tomorrow.（比赛结果明天将公布。） ② 否定：He will not be punished by his mother.（即使他打碎杯子，也不会被妈妈惩罚。） ③ 疑问：Will the new plan be discussed at the meeting?（新计划会在会议上讨论吗？） ④ 特殊疑问：When will the new plan be discussed?（新计划将何时讨论？） 2. be going to 结构 肯定句：主语 + be going to + be done + 其他 否定句：主语 + be not going to + be done + 其他 一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + going to + be done + 其他？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + be done + 其他？ ① 肯定：More trees are going to be planted in the next few years.（未来几年将种植更多树木。） ② 否定：The sports meeting is not going to be held if the weather is bad.（如果天气不好，运动会就不举办了。） ③ 疑问：Is the old bridge going to be rebuilt next month?（那座旧桥下个月要重建吗？） 3. be to 结构（较正式） 肯定句：主语 + be to + be done + 其他 否定句：主语 + be not to + be done + 其他 一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + to + be done + 其他？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + to + be done + 其他？ ① 肯定：The new rules are to be carried out next year.（新规则将于明年实施。） ② 否定：This task is not to be finished in a hurry.（这项任务不许仓促完成。） ③ 疑问：Are these letters to be sent tomorrow?（这些信件明天要寄出吗？） 三、核心考点与易错点 1. 时态标志词 常见表将来的时间状语：next month/tomorrow/in the future/soon/in a few years/by the end of... Beijing Subway Line 22 will be completed by the end of 2027.（北京地铁 22 号线将于 2027 年底完工。） 2. 结构易错点 不可遗漏第二个 be 动词（必须是 “be done” 结构）；will 后接动词原形（be），不可接 was/were ① 正确：The fish will be sold in the market tomorrow.（这些鱼明天将在市场上出售。） ② 错误：The fish will sold in the market tomorrow.（缺少 be 动词） ③ 错误：The fish will been sold in the market tomorrow.（be 动词形式错误） 3. 主谓一致 be going to/be to 中的 be 需与主语人称和数一致（单数用 is，复数用 are） ① 正确：More after-school activities will be organized next term.（下学期将组织更多课外活动。） ② 正确：A course on traditional Chinese culture will be offered next month.（下个月将开设一门中国传统文化课程。） 4. 过去分词拼写 牢记不规则动词过去分词（如 cancel→cancelled、donate→donated、punish→punished） ① 正确：The sports meeting will be cancelled if the bad weather lasts.（如果坏天气持续，运动会将取消。） ② 错误：The sports meeting will be cancel if the bad weather lasts.（过去分词拼写错误） 5. 固定搭配保留 动词短语的介词不可省略（如 be taken care of、be cared for，不可省略 of/for） ① 正确：People will be cared for by robots in the future.（未来人们将由机器人照顾。） ② 错误：People will be taken good care by robots in the future.（缺少介词 of） 使用注意事项 1. 结构选择：will 结构适用于大多数场景，be going to 强调 “计划 / 准备做”，be to 结构更正式（多用于规则、任务等）。 2. 主动与被动转换：将来时主动句（主语 + will + 动词原形）改被动句时，需将宾语变为主语，动词改为 “will be + 过去分词”（如 People will build more railways. → More railways will be built.）。 3. if 条件句中的用法：if 引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时被动语态（如 If it rains, the match will be put off.）。 4. 无被动语态的动词：不及物动词（如 happen、appear、come）无被动语态，不可用于该结构（如 错误：The accident will be happened tomorrow.）。 一、单项选择 1．Dr Bethune ________ still________ in both China and Canada today A．is; remembered B．is; remembering C．will; remember D．has; remembered 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如今白求恩医生仍然被中国和加拿大的人民纪念。 Dr Bethune是动作的承受者，故使用被动语态，又因句中有时间状语 today（今天），故使用一般现在时被动语态，故选A。 2．Today, smart watches ________ by many young people to record health conditions. A．use B．used C．were used D．are used 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如今，智能手表被许多年轻人用来记录健康状况。 考查动词时态和语态。use使用，一般现在时主动语态；used使用，一般过去时主动语态；were used被使用，一般过去时被动语态；are used被使用，一般现在时被动语态。根据“Today, smart watches…by many young people”可知，句子主语smart watches与动词use之间是被动关系，即“手表被使用”。时间状语Today表示现在时，因此应用现在时的被动语态are used。故选D。 3．The 19th Asian Games _________ in Hangzhou, China in 2022. A．holds B．is held C．will hold D．will be held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：第十九届亚运会将于2022年在中国杭州举行。A. holds一般现在时态的第三人称单数形式；B. is held一般现在时态的被动语态；C. will hold一般将来时；D. will be held一般将来时态的被动语态。结合句意可知，亚运会是被举行时间状语 in three months，用被动语态 be done 的形式，和平村A和C；且由句中时间状语in2022，可知亚运会被举行是发生在将来的事，用将来时，故排除B项。故选D。 4．It is reported that more new teaching building in our school next term. 。Look at the sign. It says“Be quiet”. A．will build B．are built C．will be built D．have built 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：据报道，在我们学校，下学期越来越多的新教学楼将会被建。看标语，写着“安静”。当主语是动作的承受者时用被动语态，由next term可知，用一般将来时。结合句意，故选C。 5．—It is said that students can take English tests more than once each year. —And only the highest score_______. A．will be taken B．has taken C．will take D．has been taken 【答案】A 【分析】 【详解】句意：——据说学生每年可多次参加参加英语测试。——只取最高分。 考查被动语态。Score是take这一动作的承受者，该用被动语态，所以选A。 6．--- Can you please tell me something about life in the future? ---Oh, maybe in the future, people will _______ by robots. A．cared for B．be taken good care C．be cared for D．look after 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意:-请你告诉我一些关于未来生活的事情好吗？-好的，也许在将来人们将会被机器人来照顾。care for 或take care of或look after都有照顾的意思，根据句意可知，这里people 和这些短语应该构成被动的关系，故应该用被动语态。故选C。B选项缺少介词of。 考点：考查动词的语态。 7．Rainbows ________ when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky. A．produce B．produced C．are produced D．were produced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当阳光穿过天空中的小水滴时，彩虹就产生了。 考查一般现在时被动语态。主语“Rainbows”与动词“produce”之间是被动关系，根据“passes”可知，句子用一般现在时，故此空应填一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构，故选C。 8．The 24th Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022 from February 4th to 20th. A．will hold B．will be held C．hold D．was held 【答案】B 【详解】句意：第24届冬奥会将于2022年2月4日至20日在北京和张家口举行。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据句中“in 2022”提示，句子应用一般将来时，且主语“Winter Olympic Games”与动词“hold”之间为被动关系，故应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。 9．The winner of “Super Brain” _________ this coming Saturday. A．are interviewed B．were interviewed C．will interview D．will be interviewed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“最强大脑”的冠军将于本周六接受采访。 考查时态。根据时间状语“this coming Saturday”可知，句子是一般将来时，故排除A、B项。结合选项可知，主语The winner of “Super Brain”应该是被采访，要采用被动语态be done。故选D。 10．Many research labs _________ in the next 5 years to develop science and technology in China. A．are building B．will be built C．were built D．has been built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：未来5年，中国将建立许多研究实验室来发展科学技术。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语“Many research labs”是动作build的承受者，用被动语态，根据时间状语“in the next 5 years”可知，此处是一般将来时的被动语态，其构成是will be done。故选B。 11．The new computers ________ to the village schools next Tuesday. A．are sent B．will be sent C．were sent D．have sent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：新电脑下周二将被送到乡村学校。 考查时态和语态。根据“The new computers... to the village schools next Tuesday.”可知，时间状语next Tuesday表示将来时间，且主语the new computers是动作的承受者，需用一般将来时的被动语态。are sent为一般现在时的被动语态，表示习惯性动作；will be sent为一般将来时的被动语态；were sent为一般过去时的被动语态，表示过去动作；have sent为现在完成时的主动语态。故选B。 12．People say a new railway station ________ next year. A．will build B．builds C．is built D．will be built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：人们说明年将建一个新火车站。 考查被动语态。“a new railway station”和“build”是动宾关系，根据“next year”可知句子是一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选D。 13．The 31st Summer Universiade（世界大学生运动会）________ in Chengdu, China in 2021. A．takes place B．will hold C．will be held D．happens 【答案】C 【详解】句意：第三十一届夏季世界大学生运动会将会在2021年中国成都举行。 考查时态和语态。根据时间状语“in 2021”可知，该句应用一般将来时；其次，“举办运动会”应用动词hold，主语“The 31st Summer Universiade”和谓语动词hold之间是被动关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be+动词的过去分词，故选C。 14．The villagers expect that the building of the bridge ____ before the rainy season comes. A．is completed B．was completed C．will be completed D．has been completed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：村民们希望在雨季到来之前完成这座桥的建设。is completed是一般现在时的被动语态，被完成；was completed一般过去时的被动语态；will be completed一般将来时的被动语态；has been completed现在完成时的被动语态。根据句中before the rainy season comes可知，桥还没有建设完，应用一般将来时。主语the building of the bridge与动词complete构成被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，故应选C。 15．The Olympic Games ________ every four years, and the 33rd Olympics ________ in Paris. A．took place; will be held B．take place; will be held C．take place; will hold D．took place; Will hold 【答案】B 【详解】句意： 奥运会每四年举行一次，第33届奥运会将在巴黎举行。 考查时态和语态。第一空根据“every four years”可知，描述经常性动作，用一般现在时，主语是“The Olympic Games” ，谓语动词用原形；第二空“The Olympic Games”是hold的动作承受者，此处用一般将来时，所以第二空是一般将来时的被动语态，用will be done，故选B。 二、完成句子 16．Jill wears pair of black pearl earrings. (改为被动语态) A pair of black pearl earrings by Jill. 【答案】 is worn 【详解】句意：吉尔戴着一对黑珍珠耳环。原句是一般现在时，应改为一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为is/am/are done。主语是“A pair of black pearl earrings”时，谓语应取决于pair的单复数，所以be动词应用is；wear的过去分词是worn。故填is； worn。 17．我的朋友Amy因戴牙箍而被她的同学嘲笑。 My friend Amy by her classmates because she wears braces. 【答案】 is laughed at 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“被嘲笑”，应使用被动语态。“嘲笑”对应的英文短语是laugh at，它的被动形式是be laughed at。句子的主语是My friend Amy，是第三人称单数。整个句子描述的是一种经常性或持续性的状态，应用一般现在时。因此，be动词应使用is。故填is；laughed；at。 18．人们将会深深地怀念袁隆平。 Yuan Longping will . 【答案】 be greatly missed 【详解】被怀念：be missed；深深地：greatly，副词修饰动词；句子为一般将来时，由“will + be + 过去分词”构成的被动语态，表示“将会被深深地怀念”。故填be；greatly；missed。 19．He will hand in his homework tomorrow. (改为被动语态) His homework in by him tomorrow. 【答案】 will be handed 【详解】句意：明天他会交作业。原句是一般将来时态，被动结构为will+be+动词过去分词，hand过去分词为handed。故填will；be；handed。 20．这些照片将会被发布到学校网站。 These photos will be on the school website. 【答案】put up 【详解】中英文对照可知，put up“张贴，公布”，空处用过去分词put与will be一起构成一般将来时的被动结构。故填put up。 21．According to the plan, we will plant more trees this spring. (改为被动语态) According to the plan, more trees will this spring. 【答案】 be planted 【详解】句意：根据计划，今年春天我们将种更多的树。原句的时态是一般将来时，被动语态结构为“will be done”，plant“种植”，是动词原形，过去分词是planted。故填be；planted。 22．will be, robots, more, humans, powerful, created, to help (连词成句) . 【答案】More powerful robots will be created to help humans 【详解】根据所给单词和标点符号可知，本句是一个陈述句，语态为一般将来时的被动语态。more powerful robots“更强大的机器人”作主语，句首首字母大写；will be created为一般将来时被动语态结构，作谓语；to help humans“来帮助人类”为不定式短语作目的状语。故填More powerful robots will be created to help humans“更强大的机器人将被制造出来以帮助人类。” 23．这场足球决赛将在周天举行。 The football final on Sunday. 【答案】will take place/will be held 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，举行：take place/hold；take place是不及物动词，无被动；主语与hold是被动关系，此处用被动语态be held；句子时态是一般将来时，用will do格式，故填will take place/be held。 24．未来，陕西将会建设更多的高铁线路。 In the future, more high-speed rail lines in Shaanxi. 【答案】will be built/are going to be built 【详解】根据中英对照可知，此处缺少“建造”，其对应词为build。主语是“high-speed rail lines”，应该是被建造，结合“In the future”可知，设空处用一般将来时的被动语态表达，其结构为“will be+过去分词”或be going to+过去分词，more high-speed rail lines为复数，故be动词用are，build的过去分词为built。故填will be built/are going to be built。 25．I’ll buy a handbag for my mother tomorrow. (改为被动语态) A handbag for my mother by me tomorrow. 【答案】 will be bought 【详解】句意：明天我要给我妈妈买一个手提包。考查主动语态变被动语态。原句是一般将来时，应改为一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done。buy的过去分词为bought。故填will be bought。 26．布朗教授会被带着参观很多地方。他一定会很开心。 Professor Brown to visit many places. He will have a good time. 【答案】 will be taken 【详解】根据“Professor Brown...to visit many places.”及句意可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，will be taken表示“被带着”。故填will；be ；taken。 27．We will hold a charity sale in our school next week. (改为被动语态) A charity sale in our school next week. 【答案】 will be held 【详解】句意：我们下周将在学校举行一场义卖。改为被动语态，原句宾语A charity sale作主语，谓语动词hold需变为被动形式；原句时态为一般将来时，被动结构为“will be + 过去分词”，hold的过去分词是held。故填will；be；held。 28．这些作品将会被张贴在校园网站上。 The works will be on the school website. 【答案】put up 【详解】空处表示“张贴”，用动词短语put up表达，will be后跟动词的过去分词构成被动语态。故填put up。 29．晚会将在除夕那天举行。 The evening party will on New Year’s Eve. 【答案】take place/ be held 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“举行”；take place“举行”，根据空前的“will”可知，此处用动词原形；hold“举行”，与主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填take place/be held。 30．明年这里将修建一座新桥。 A new bridge will here next year. 【答案】 be built 【详解】“修建”英文表达是build，动词；由题干可知，主语和动词之间是被动关系，再结合时间状语“next year”，可知这里要用一般将来时的被动语态，其构成为will be done，build的过去分词是built。故填be built。 三、阅读理解 A Arriving in New York There are three airports in New York. When you arrive at one of them, you can take a bus or a taxi to any place in New York. Public transport   In New York there is a good bus and subway (地铁) service. If you are planning to use the subway a lot, you should buy a subway ticket for ten journeys because it’s cheaper. But you don’t have to use public transport—there are lots of places you can go to on foot, like the Empire State Building (帝国大厦), 5th Avenue (大街) and Central Park. The New York taxis are a part of the city experience, so you should take at least one taxi during your visit. Hotels   There are lots of good hotels in New York. The best is the Plaza on 5th Avenue but you don’t have to pay a lot to stay in the city; there are lots of smaller hotels and the YMCA near Central Park is great for young people. Eating out   There are many kinds of food in New York and you shouldn’t eat at McDonald’s every day. There are good restaurants in Little Italy and Chinatown. Shopping   Shopping in New York is fun. There are big shops on 5th Avenue. They are open seven days a week. But be careful when you look at the prices, you have to pay a special 8% tax (税) on everything you buy in New York. Places to see   Finally, there are a lot of places to see in New York—Times Square, the Statue of Liberty. And you shouldn’t go home without climbing the Statue of Liberty to enjoy the scenery of the city. 1. How many kinds of public transport are mentioned (提到) in the second paragraph? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2. “The Plaza” here is the name of ________. A．a restaurant B．a hotel C．an airport D．a shop 3. When you visit New York, you should ________. A．eat at McDonald’s every day B．take a taxi whenever you go out C．stay at the best hotel D．climb the Statue of Liberty 4. From the passage, we can learn that ________. A．people can visit many places of interest in New York on foot B．New York is not a good place for shopping C．people must travel by public transport in New York D．people have to eat only one kind of food in New York 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A 【导语】本文主要介绍了纽约的交通、酒店、餐饮、购物和旅游景点等信息。 1. 细节理解题。根据“In New York there is a good bus and subway (地铁) service.”及“The New York taxis are a part of the city experience, so you should take at least one taxi during your visit.”可知，提到了公交车、地铁、出租车三种公共交通。故选B。 2. 推理判断题。根据“There are lots of good hotels in New York. The best is the Plaza on 5th Avenue but you don’t have to pay a lot to stay in the city,”可知，纽约有很多不错的酒店。第五大道的Plaza是最好的，由此可知“The Plaza”是一家酒店。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“And you shouldn’t go home without climbing the Statue of Liberty to enjoy the scenery of the city.”可知，参观纽约时，你应该攀登自由女神像。故选D。 4. 细节理解题。根据“But you don’t have to use public transport—there are lots of places you can go to on foot, like the Empire State Building (帝国大厦), 5th Avenue (大街) and Central Park”可知，人们可以步行游览纽约的许多景点。故选A。 B Zheng He, the Columbus (哥伦布) of the East, was an amazing man. He is the most important Chinese adventurer (探险家) of all time and one of the greatest sailors the world has ever known. He was born in Yunnan Province in 1371 and his parents named him Ma Sanbao. Eleven years later, a rich young man called Zhu Di caught him. Over time the rich man saw that Zheng He was very clever and strong and they became close friends. In 1403 Zhu Di became the King of China and he asked Zheng He to join his new government and gave him a new name—Zheng He. The King wanted to learn more about the world and show other countries his power. He ordered people to build many new ships and made Zheng He their leader. Between 1405 and 1433, Zheng He travelled to different parts of the world. He certainly travelled to India, Africa and the Middle East. A few people think his ships may have even reached South America and Australia. Each trip lasted between two and four years and it is believed he sailed more than 50,000 kms during the years of his travels. With 28,000 men and over 300 ships, such as boats for food, water and even horses, Zheng He’s fleet (船队) was much larger than Europeans’ for over 500 years. On these trips he brought with him many Chinese goods like silk and medicine to give to foreign kings or to sell for local goods. He returned from each trip with boats filled with expensive things such as gold and jewellery(珠宝), foreign guests and strange animals like a giraffe. It is a pity that we may never learn everything about Zheng He’s travels. After he died in 1433, the new king, who believed these trips were unlucky and too expensive, ordered them to stop the travels and he burned almost all the books about Zheng He’s travels. It is only in the last 50 years that historians have begun to carefully study the adventures of the great Zheng He. 1. Why did the Chinese King want Zheng He to sail to many different countries? A．To bring new countries under the control of China. B．To show other countries how strong the King was. C．To receive gifts from the kings of other countries. D．To discover unusual animals. 2. What do we know about Zheng He from the passage? A．He travelled around the world. B．Each of his trips lasted two years. C．He died at the age of 62. D．He was a successful businessman. 3. Which of the following did Zheng He NOT bring with him from other countries? A．Medicine. B．Gold. C．Strange animals. D．Jewellery. 4. In what order did the following happen? a. Zhu Di became the King. b. A young rich man caught Zheng He. c. The new king burned all the books about Zheng He. d. Zheng He brought foreigners to China. e. Zheng He visited India. f. The King ordered people to build new ships. A．e, b, a, f, d, c B．b, a, e, d, c, f C．f, a, b, d, c, e D．b, a, f, e, d, c 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国明代著名航海家郑和的生平事迹，包括他七次下西洋的壮举、船队的规模、交流的成果，以及其记录被毁的历史遗憾。 1. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The King wanted to learn more about the world and show other countries his power. He ordered people to build many new ships and made Zheng He their leader.”可知，中国皇帝想让郑和航行到许多不同的国家，向其他国家展示他是多么的强大。故选B。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“He was born in Yunnan Province in 1371 and his parents named him Ma Sanbao.”和最后一段中“After he died in 1433, the new king, who believed these trips were unlucky and too expensive, ordered them to stop the travels and he burned almost all the books about Zheng He’s travels.”可知，郑和于1371年出生，死于1433年，故他是在62岁时去世的。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“He returned from each trip with boats filled with expensive things such as gold and jewellery(珠宝), foreign guests and strange animals like a giraffe.”可知，郑和每次旅行回来都带着装满贵重物品的船，比如黄金和珠宝，外国客人和奇怪的动物。故选A。 4. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“He was born in Yunnan Province in 1371 and his parents named him Ma Sanbao. Eleven years later, a rich young man called Zhu Di caught him.”以及“In 1403 Zhu Di became the King of China and he asked Zheng He to join his new government and gave him a new name— Zheng He.”；第三段中“The King wanted to learn more about the world and show other countries his power. He ordered people to build many new ships and made Zheng He their leader. Between 1405 and 1433, Zheng He travelled to different parts of the world. He certainly travelled to India, Africa and the Middle East.”；最后一段中“He returned from each trip with boats filled with expensive things such as gold and jewellery(珠宝), foreign guests and strange animals like a giraffe.”和“After he died in 1433, the new king, who believed these trips were unlucky and too expensive, ordered them to stop the travels and he burned almost all the books about Zheng He’s travels.”可知，事情发生的顺序为：一个年轻的富人抓住了郑和→朱棣成了皇帝→皇帝命令人们建造新船→郑和出访印度→郑和把外国人带到了中国→新皇帝烧掉了几乎所有关于郑和的书。故选D。 C A spoonful of pickles (泡菜) can sometimes make a meal taste better. Recently, a new type of pickle is being discussed: “digital pickles”. It means the videos people watch while eating. Many people think that the videos can make their food more appetizing (引起食欲的). The topic received more than 16 million clicks on a website and about 100,000 people took part in the discussion. Many young people in China are kept company by TV shows or short videos. Many believe that their food is more delicious with the “digital pickles”. Can this habit influence your diet? According to a research paper published (发表) in 2019, you may eat more without realization. The international research team asked 62 volunteers to follow different eating patterns for four days. The patterns included eating while looking at the mobile phone and eating without distraction (干扰). The team discovered that eating with distraction increased calorie ingestion (热量摄入) by about 15%. To explore the reason, the team also invited two groups of people: one group ate while listening to an audio clip (音乐片段) about another person eating; the other listened to a clip that helped them imagine themselves eating. At last, the second group ate less because they focused on their food more. This result works not only for eating meals but also for other tasks which need a lot of patience and skills as well. A research team invited 120 volunteers to do different tasks while providing them with drinks and snacks. When they focused on their tasks and their attention was distracted, they were less likely to tell how full they felt and ate more than they expected. 1. Why do people eat more with “digital pickles”? A．Because they are more focused on their meals. B．Because they are distracted by “digital pickles”. C．Because the food tastes better with “digital pickles”. D．Because the “digital pickles” make them feel hungrier. 2. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To explain how to tell you are full. B．To present how to avoid being distracted. C．To give another case that causes overeating. D．To describe the advantages of “digital pickles”. 3. What would be the best title for the passage? A．Eating While Talking B．Focusing on Our Food C．Enjoying Dinner with a Show D．Having Food with Other People 4. What is the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了“数字泡菜”（即吃饭时观看的视频）对人们饮食的影响，研究发现这种习惯会分散人们的注意力，导致人们不自觉地摄入更多热量。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“According to a research paper published (发表) in 2019, you may eat more without realization.”以及第四段“To explore the reason, the team also invited two groups of people: one group ate while listening to an audio clip (音乐片段) about another person eating; the other listened to a clip that helped them imagine themselves eating. At last, the second group ate less because they focused on their food more.”可知，人们在有“数字泡菜”的情况下会吃得更多，是因为他们的注意力被分散了，没有专注于食物。故选B。 2. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This result works not only for eating meals but also for other tasks which need a lot of patience and skills as well. A research team invited 120 volunteers to do different tasks while providing them with drinks and snacks. When they focused on their tasks and their attention was distracted, they were less likely to tell how full they felt and ate more than they expected.”可知，最后一段通过另一个实验案例，进一步说明了注意力分散会导致人们吃得更多，即过度进食。因此，最后一段的目的是给出另一个导致过度进食的案例。故选C。 3. 最佳标题题。根据文章第一段“Recently, a new type of pickle is being discussed: ‘digital pickles’. It means the videos people watch while eating.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要探讨了“数字泡菜”（即吃饭时观看的视频）对人们饮食的影响，因此最佳标题应为“Enjoying Dinner with a Show”（边看节目边享受晚餐）。故选C。 4. 篇章结构题。本文第一段提出很多人认为“电子泡菜”让食物更美味；第二、三段介绍了看视频会让人们吃得更多；第四段说明了听音频让注意力不集中，人们会吃得更多；第五段说明了其他会让人吃得更多的情况。综合全文可知，本文首段主要概述“电子泡菜”，后面四段进行具体分析说明，结构为“总一分”形式。故选A。 四、完形填空 Passage 1 Once upon a time, there was a poor cobbler (修鞋匠) who seemed to be happy all day long. He was heard 1 as he worked. What he got from his work was just enough for food, 2 he was always happy. His neighbor was a rich banker (银行家). Unlike the cobbler, he seemed to be unhappy all the time. 3 ever saw him smile or laugh. And of course he never sang. One afternoon, the banker was woken up by the cobbler’s singing. Feeling 4 , he jumped out of his bed and thought, “I have to talk to the cobbler. ” He went over to the cobbler’s house. The cobbler greeted him politely. “ 5 makes you sing so much?” asked the banker. “I’m a happy man,” said the cobbler. “Don’t you need more 6 to make your family happier?” asked the banker. “Don’t you want to live in a bigger house?” “Well,” said the cobbler. “I’ve never worried about those things because I cannot 7 them.” “I’ll help you,” said the banker. “If you look after my bag of gold coins, I’ll pay you well.” The cobbler thought that was 8 . He dug a deep hole and hid the bag in it. But now he had something to 9 . He kept thinking that thieves (小偷) might steal the gold coins. He worried so much that he stopped singing. He could not eat or sleep well. Seeing him worried, his family was unhappy too. A few days later, the cobbler understood that the gold coins had taken away his 10 . He returned the coins to the banker and began to sing happily again. 1. A．reading B．singing C．talking D．crying 2. A．because B．though C．or D．but 3. A．Somebody B．Everybody C．Nobody D．Anybody 4. A．bored B．shy C．tired D．angry 5. A．How B．Why C．What D．Who 6. A．time B．money C．friends D．shoes 7. A．afford B．see C．forget D．find 8. A．interesting B．boring C．difficult D．easy 9. A．worry about B．think of C．ask for D．wait for 10. A．hope B．happiness C．health D．family 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. B 【导语】本文讲述了一个快乐的修鞋匠和一个不快乐的银行家的故事。 1. 句意：有人听见他边工作边唱歌。 reading阅读；singing唱歌；talking说话；crying哭泣。根据下文“the banker was woken up by the cobbler’s singing”可知，空处应选singing与下文呼应。故选B。 2. 句意：他工作所得仅够糊口，但他总是很快乐。 because因为；though尽管；or或者；but但是。根据“What he got from his work was just enough for food...he was always happy.”可知，空格前后是转折关系，所以连词but符合语境。故选D。 3. 句意：没人见过他微笑或大笑。 Somebody某人；Everybody每个人；Nobody没有人；Anybody任何人。根据上文“he seemed to be unhappy all the time”可知，银行家似乎一直都不开心，所以没人见过他微笑或大笑。故选C。 4. 句意：他感到很生气，从床上跳了起来，心想。 bored无聊的；shy害羞的；tired疲惫的；angry生气的。根据上文“the banker was woken up by the cobbler’s singing”可推知，由于银行家被修鞋匠的歌声吵醒了，所以他很生气。故选D。 5. 句意：是什么让你如此频繁地唱歌？ How如何；Why为什么；What什么；Who谁。根据下文“I’m a happy man”可推知，银行家询问修鞋匠是什么让他如此频繁地唱歌。故选C。 6. 句意：难道你不需要更多的钱来让你的家庭更幸福吗？ time时间；money金钱；friends朋友；shoes鞋子。根据下文“If you look after my bag of gold coins, I’ll pay you well.”可知，银行家‌表示‌，只要修鞋匠帮他照看金币，就能获得丰厚的报酬。由此推知，银行家认为更多的钱能带来幸福。故选B。 7. 句意：我从不担心那些东西，因为我买不起。 afford负担得起；see看见；forget忘记；find找到。根据上文“What he got from his work was just enough for food”以及“Don’t you want to live in a bigger house?”可知，由于修鞋匠很贫穷，所以他无法负担大房子。故选A。 8. 句意：修鞋匠认为这很容易。 interesting有趣的；boring无聊的；difficult困难的；easy容易的。根据下文“He dug a deep hole and hid the bag in it.”可知，修鞋匠接受了银行家的提议，说明他觉得照看金币很容易。故选D。 9. 句意：但现在他有了需要担心的事。 worry about担心；think of想到；ask for要求；wait for等待。根据下文“He kept thinking that thieves (小偷) might steal the gold coins.”可知，修鞋匠总担心小偷会偷走那些金币。故选A。 10. 句意：几天后，修鞋匠明白了金币夺走了他的快乐。 hope希望；happiness快乐；health健康；family家庭。根据上文“He worried so much that he stopped singing. He could not eat or sleep well.”可知，自从照看金币后，修鞋匠整日忧心忡忡，吃不下饭、睡不着觉，最终明白金币早已夺走了他的快乐。故选B。 Passage 2 Not long ago, my daughter’s favourite leather shoes were cut by a knife. She cried. I took the shoes to a shoemaker to get them repaired. The young apprentice (学徒) took a look at the cuts quickly and said, “There is 1 I can do but change the uppers.” His master looked at them and said to me, “If you 2 me, I will add more cuts to both of the shoes on purpose for special style.” I didn’t fully understand him, but I decided to leave the shoes. Two days later, I went there to get the shoes. At the first sight I found there were indeed five or six 3 on each shoe, but all of them were covered by soft red leather sewn with thick thread. The shoes looked more 4 and interesting than ever. I couldn’t stop praising the master for his skill. Another time, my wife’s blouse had an opening on the back. My wife checked it carefully, and then said, “I’ll repair it myself.” Three days went past, and I was very surprised to see it again: the 5 was sewn up by thin and white thread and it looked like an ice crystal. She 6 made a lovely snowman and a wooden house on the blouse. I said with praise, “It’s just as beautiful as a piece of art.” “I learned from the master. Patches can be 7 to look perfect.” replied my wife. Her words taught me even more. Perfection is 8 to achieve in everything; patches are unavoidable; so is human life, which will appear in the form of wounds, 9 or disease. Since you can’t change that, all you can do and have to do is to cover the wound with patches and try your best to make a most beautiful flower on the wound, and that is what life teaches us. Once you 10 it, you can enjoy your life better. 1. A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything 2. A．help B．trust C．find D．know 3. A．marks B．colours C．flowers D．cuts 4. A．harmless B．similar C．special D．useless 5. A．bag B．cut C．wound D．opening 6. A．even B．once C．really D．just 7. A．drawn B．attracted C．designed D．bought 8. A．unhelpful B．necessary C．important D．impossible 9. A．donation B．disability C．charity D．fashion 10. A．remember B．expect C．understand D．forget 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. C 【导语】本文通过修补鞋子和衬衫的故事，讲述了生活中的不完美可以通过创意和努力转化为独特的美，并引申出人生哲理：面对无法改变的缺憾，我们可以用智慧和艺术去修补，从而更好地享受生活。 1. 句意：年轻的学徒快速看了一眼割痕，说：“除了换鞋面，我什么都做不了。” nothing没有什么；something某事；anything任何事；everything一切。根据后文“but change the uppers”可知，学徒表示除了换鞋面外无能为力，因此选择nothing构成“nothing…but”结构，表示“除了……之外什么都没有”。故选A。 2. 句意：师傅看着鞋子对我说：“如果你信任我，我会故意在两只鞋上多割几道口子，做成特殊款式。” help帮助；trust信任；find发现；know知道。根据后文师傅提出的创造性修补方案可知，需要得到作者的信任才能实施。故选B。 3. 句意：我第一眼就看到每只鞋上确实有五六道割痕。 marks标记；colours颜色；flowers花朵；cuts割痕。前文多次提到鞋子被刀割（cuts），且师傅说要“add more cuts”，因此选择与上下文一致的cuts。故选D。 4. 句意：这些鞋子看起来比以往更特别、更有趣。 harmless无害的；similar相似的；special特别的；useless无用的。根据“interesting than ever”和师傅刻意设计的特殊风格可知，应选择special体现独特性。故选C。 5. 句意：三天后我再看到衬衫时很惊讶：破洞被细白线缝补得像冰晶一样。 bag袋子；cut切口；wound伤口；opening开口。前文明确提到“blouse had an opening on the back”，因此选择opening指代衣服的破洞。故选D。 6. 句意：她甚至还在衬衫上缝了个可爱的雪人和木屋。 even甚至；once曾经；really真正地；just仅仅。此处表示妻子在基础修补之外更进一步的艺术创作，even加强递进语气。故选A。 7. 句意：“我从师傅那里学到，补丁可以通过设计变得完美。”妻子回答。 drawn绘制；attracted吸引；designed设计；bought购买。根据全文主旨可知，修补需要创造性设计（designed）才能化缺陷为艺术。故选C。 8. 句意：完美是不可能在任何事情上实现的。 unhelpful无益的；necessary必要的；important重要的；impossible不可能的。后文“patches are unavoidable”说明完美难以达到，与impossible呼应。故选D。 9. 句意：人生也是如此，会以伤口、残疾或疾病的形式出现。 donation捐赠；disability残疾；charity慈善；fashion时尚。与wound和disease并列的应是人生的负面经历，disability最符合语境。故选B。 10. 句意：一旦你理解这一点，就能更好地享受生活。 remember记住；expect期待；understand理解；forget忘记。全文通过修补故事阐述生活哲理，最终强调“理解”这个道理的重要性。故选C。 Passage 3 先通读原文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 Once upon a time, there were two seeds (种子). They were good friends. Although they were deep under the ground, their life was full of 1 . They often talked and laughed happily. One day, when they 2 with each other as usual, the first seed had an idea. He said, “I want to 3 ! Then I can enjoy the sun and the rain.” The second one was very 4 and said, “Are you 5 ? We are living a happy and 6 life now. If you grow, little animals may come up to you and eat you. How bad! If you become a beautiful flower, a child may come and pick you. Don’t you think growing up is dangerous?” For the first time, they 7 with each other. But the first seed didn’t listen to the second one, and he grew bravely. Little by little, he was 8 a seed. He became a big plant. He had a chance to enjoy the sun and the rain. The second one was 9 growing up. So he did nothing and refused (拒绝) to grow. When spring came, a duck walked around and looked for food. She saw the second seed and came up to eat him. When we grow up, we meet some difficulties. We should act like the 10 seed. We should face our life bravely. 1. A．water B．joy C．earth D．plants 2. A．were talking B．are talking C．talk D．was talking 3. A．play B．sleep C．grow D．forget 4. A．successful B．tired C．useful D．surprised 5. A．careless B．joyful C．helpful D．crazy 6. A．comfortable B．harmful C．important D．helpless 7. A．argued B．understood C．accepted D．communicated 8. A．any longer B．no longer C．once again D．no problem 9. A．afraid of B．excited about C．busy with D．interested in 10. A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了两颗种子的不同选择与命运，通过这个故事告诉我们应该勇敢面对生活中的困难与挑战。 1. 句意：虽然它们深埋在地下，但它们的生活充满了欢乐。 water水；joy欢乐；earth地球，土地；plants植物。根据“They often talked and laughed happily.”可知，它们的生活充满了欢乐，故选B。 2. 句意：有一天，当它们像往常一样交谈时，第一颗种子有了一个想法。 were talking正在谈（过去进行时结构）；are talking正在谈（现在进行时结构）；talk谈（动词原形）；was talking正在谈（过去进行时结构，主语为单数）。根据“One day, when they...with each other as usual, the first seed had an idea.”可知，此处表示当它们正在交谈时，第一颗种子有了想法，且主语they为复数，时态为过去进行时，所以使用were talking。故选A。 3. 句意：我想长大！然后我就可以享受阳光和雨水了。 play玩；sleep睡觉；grow生长；forget忘记。根据“Then I can enjoy the sun and the rain.”及下文描述可知，第一颗种子想长大，故选C。 4. 句意：第二颗种子非常惊讶地说。 successful成功的；tired劳累的；useful有用的；surprised惊讶的。根据“Are you...? We are living a happy and...life now. If you grow, little animals may come up to you and eat you. How bad! If you become a beautiful flower, a child may come and pick you. Don’t you think growing up is dangerous?”可知，第二颗种子对第一颗种子的想法感到惊讶，故选D。 5. 句意：你疯了吗？ careless粗心的；joyful快乐的；helpful有帮助的；crazy疯狂的。根据下文描述可知，第二个种子认为第一个种子的想法很危险，所以认为它是疯了，故选D。 6. 句意：我们现在过着幸福舒适的生活。 comfortable舒适的；harmful有害的；important重要的；helpless无助的。根据“We are living a happy and...life now.”可知，此处表示过着幸福舒适的生活，故选A。 7. 句意：它们第一次发生了争执。 argued争论；understood理解；accepted接受；communicated交流。根据“But the first seed didn’t listen to the second one, and he grew bravely.”可知，两颗种子意见不合，发生了争执，故选A。 8. 句意：渐渐地，它不再是一颗种子了。 any longer不再（与not连用）；no longer不再；once again再次；no problem没问题。根据“But the first seed didn’t listen to the second one, and he grew bravely. Little by little, he was...a seed.”可知，第一颗种子勇敢地生长，渐渐地不再是一颗种子了，此处使用no longer，表示不再，符合语境，故选B。 9. 句意：第二颗种子害怕长大。 afraid of害怕；excited about对……感到兴奋；busy with忙于；interested in对……感兴趣。根据“So he did nothing and refused (拒绝) to grow.”可知，第二颗种子害怕长大，所以拒绝生长，故选A。 10. 句意：我们应该像第一颗种子那样行动。 first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。根据“When we grow up, we meet some difficulties. We should act like the...seed. We should face our life bravely.”及全文可知，本文主要通过第一颗种子勇敢面对挑战并最终成长的故事，告诉我们应该像第一颗种子那样勇敢面对生活，故选A。 20 / 21乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 8 A green world（新教材译林版） （一般将来时的被动语态） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 表格系统梳理一般将来时被动语态的句式结构、核心用法、典型例句及易错点，清晰呈现三种常用结构（will/shall/be going to/be to）的应用场景，助力精准掌握语法规则。 语法模块 核心要点 具体内容 典型例句（含正误对比） 一、核心定义 本质特征 主语是动作的承受者，且动作发生在将来某一时刻或阶段 The building will be built next month.（这栋楼下个月将开工。） 二、三大核心结构及句式 1. will/shall 结构（最常用） 肯定句：主语 + will/shall + be done + 其他 否定句：主语 + will/shall not + be done + 其他 一般疑问句：Will/Shall + 主语 + be done + 其他？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + will/shall + 主语 + be done + 其他？ ① 肯定：The results of the competition will be announced tomorrow.（比赛结果明天将公布。） ② 否定：He will not be punished by his mother.（即使他打碎杯子，也不会被妈妈惩罚。） ③ 疑问：Will the new plan be discussed at the meeting?（新计划会在会议上讨论吗？） ④ 特殊疑问：When will the new plan be discussed?（新计划将何时讨论？） 2. be going to 结构 肯定句：主语 + be going to + be done + 其他 否定句：主语 + be not going to + be done + 其他 一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + going to + be done + 其他？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + be done + 其他？ ① 肯定：More trees are going to be planted in the next few years.（未来几年将种植更多树木。） ② 否定：The sports meeting is not going to be held if the weather is bad.（如果天气不好，运动会就不举办了。） ③ 疑问：Is the old bridge going to be rebuilt next month?（那座旧桥下个月要重建吗？） 3. be to 结构（较正式） 肯定句：主语 + be to + be done + 其他 否定句：主语 + be not to + be done + 其他 一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + to + be done + 其他？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + to + be done + 其他？ ① 肯定：The new rules are to be carried out next year.（新规则将于明年实施。） ② 否定：This task is not to be finished in a hurry.（这项任务不许仓促完成。） ③ 疑问：Are these letters to be sent tomorrow?（这些信件明天要寄出吗？） 三、核心考点与易错点 1. 时态标志词 常见表将来的时间状语：next month/tomorrow/in the future/soon/in a few years/by the end of... Beijing Subway Line 22 will be completed by the end of 2027.（北京地铁 22 号线将于 2027 年底完工。） 2. 结构易错点 不可遗漏第二个 be 动词（必须是 “be done” 结构）；will 后接动词原形（be），不可接 was/were ① 正确：The fish will be sold in the market tomorrow.（这些鱼明天将在市场上出售。） ② 错误：The fish will sold in the market tomorrow.（缺少 be 动词） ③ 错误：The fish will been sold in the market tomorrow.（be 动词形式错误） 3. 主谓一致 be going to/be to 中的 be 需与主语人称和数一致（单数用 is，复数用 are） ① 正确：More after-school activities will be organized next term.（下学期将组织更多课外活动。） ② 正确：A course on traditional Chinese culture will be offered next month.（下个月将开设一门中国传统文化课程。） 4. 过去分词拼写 牢记不规则动词过去分词（如 cancel→cancelled、donate→donated、punish→punished） ① 正确：The sports meeting will be cancelled if the bad weather lasts.（如果坏天气持续，运动会将取消。） ② 错误：The sports meeting will be cancel if the bad weather lasts.（过去分词拼写错误） 5. 固定搭配保留 动词短语的介词不可省略（如 be taken care of、be cared for，不可省略 of/for） ① 正确：People will be cared for by robots in the future.（未来人们将由机器人照顾。） ② 错误：People will be taken good care by robots in the future.（缺少介词 of） 使用注意事项 1. 结构选择：will 结构适用于大多数场景，be going to 强调 “计划 / 准备做”，be to 结构更正式（多用于规则、任务等）。 2. 主动与被动转换：将来时主动句（主语 + will + 动词原形）改被动句时，需将宾语变为主语，动词改为 “will be + 过去分词”（如 People will build more railways. → More railways will be built.）。 3. if 条件句中的用法：if 引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时被动语态（如 If it rains, the match will be put off.）。 4. 无被动语态的动词：不及物动词（如 happen、appear、come）无被动语态，不可用于该结构（如 错误：The accident will be happened tomorrow.）。 一、单项选择 1．Dr Bethune ________ still________ in both China and Canada today A．is; remembered B．is; remembering C．will; remember D．has; remembered ．Today, smart watches ________ by many young people to record health conditions. A．use B．used C．were used D．are used 3．The 19th Asian Games _________ in Hangzhou, China in 2022. A．holds B．is held C．will hold D．will be held 4．It is reported that more new teaching building in our school next term. 。Look at the sign. It says“Be quiet”. A．will build B．are built C．will be built D．have built 5．—It is said that students can take English tests more than once each year. —And only the highest score_______. A．will be taken B．has taken C．will take D．has been taken 6．--- Can you please tell me something about life in the future? ---Oh, maybe in the future, people will _______ by robots. A．cared for B．be taken good care C．be cared for D．look after 7．Rainbows ________ when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky. A．produce B．produced C．are produced D．were produced 8．The 24th Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022 from February 4th to 20th. A．will hold B．will be held C．hold D．was held 9．The winner of “Super Brain” _________ this coming Saturday. A．are interviewed B．were interviewed C．will interview D．will be interviewed 10．Many research labs _________ in the next 5 years to develop science and technology in China. A．are building B．will be built C．were built D．has been built 11．The new computers ________ to the village schools next Tuesday. A．are sent B．will be sent C．were sent D．have sent 12．People say a new railway station ________ next year. A．will build B．builds C．is built D．will be built 13．The 31st Summer Universiade（世界大学生运动会）________ in Chengdu, China in 2021. A．takes place B．will hold C．will be held D．happens 14．The villagers expect that the building of the bridge ____ before the rainy season comes. A．is completed B．was completed C．will be completed D．has been completed 15．The Olympic Games ________ every four years, and the 33rd Olympics ________ in Paris. A．took place; will be held B．take place; will be held C．take place; will hold D．took place; Will hold 二、完成句子 16．Jill wears pair of black pearl earrings. (改为被动语态) A pair of black pearl earrings by Jill. 17．我的朋友Amy因戴牙箍而被她的同学嘲笑。 My friend Amy by her classmates because she wears braces. 18．人们将会深深地怀念袁隆平。 Yuan Longping will . 19．He will hand in his homework tomorrow. (改为被动语态) His homework in by him tomorrow. 20．这些照片将会被发布到学校网站。 These photos will be on the school website. 21．According to the plan, we will plant more trees this spring. (改为被动语态) According to the plan, more trees will this spring. 22．will be, robots, more, humans, powerful, created, to help (连词成句) . 23．这场足球决赛将在周天举行。 The football final on Sunday. 24．未来，陕西将会建设更多的高铁线路。 In the future, more high-speed rail lines in Shaanxi. 25．I’ll buy a handbag for my mother tomorrow. (改为被动语态) A handbag for my mother by me tomorrow. 26．布朗教授会被带着参观很多地方。他一定会很开心。 Professor Brown to visit many places. He will have a good time. 27．We will hold a charity sale in our school next week. (改为被动语态) A charity sale in our school next week. 28．这些作品将会被张贴在校园网站上。 The works will be on the school website. 29．晚会将在除夕那天举行。 The evening party will on New Year’s Eve. 30．明年这里将修建一座新桥。 A new bridge will here next year. 三、阅读理解 A Arriving in New York There are three airports in New York. When you arrive at one of them, you can take a bus or a taxi to any place in New York. Public transport   In New York there is a good bus and subway (地铁) service. If you are planning to use the subway a lot, you should buy a subway ticket for ten journeys because it’s cheaper. But you don’t have to use public transport—there are lots of places you can go to on foot, like the Empire State Building (帝国大厦), 5th Avenue (大街) and Central Park. The New York taxis are a part of the city experience, so you should take at least one taxi during your visit. Hotels   There are lots of good hotels in New York. The best is the Plaza on 5th Avenue but you don’t have to pay a lot to stay in the city; there are lots of smaller hotels and the YMCA near Central Park is great for young people. Eating out   There are many kinds of food in New York and you shouldn’t eat at McDonald’s every day. There are good restaurants in Little Italy and Chinatown. Shopping   Shopping in New York is fun. There are big shops on 5th Avenue. They are open seven days a week. But be careful when you look at the prices, you have to pay a special 8% tax (税) on everything you buy in New York. Places to see   Finally, there are a lot of places to see in New York—Times Square, the Statue of Liberty. And you shouldn’t go home without climbing the Statue of Liberty to enjoy the scenery of the city. 1. How many kinds of public transport are mentioned (提到) in the second paragraph? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2. “The Plaza” here is the name of ________. A．a restaurant B．a hotel C．an airport D．a shop 3. When you visit New York, you should ________. A．eat at McDonald’s every day B．take a taxi whenever you go out C．stay at the best hotel D．climb the Statue of Liberty 4. From the passage, we can learn that ________. A．people can visit many places of interest in New York on foot B．New York is not a good place for shopping C．people must travel by public transport in New York D．people have to eat only one kind of food in New York B Zheng He, the Columbus (哥伦布) of the East, was an amazing man. He is the most important Chinese adventurer (探险家) of all time and one of the greatest sailors the world has ever known. He was born in Yunnan Province in 1371 and his parents named him Ma Sanbao. Eleven years later, a rich young man called Zhu Di caught him. Over time the rich man saw that Zheng He was very clever and strong and they became close friends. In 1403 Zhu Di became the King of China and he asked Zheng He to join his new government and gave him a new name—Zheng He. The King wanted to learn more about the world and show other countries his power. He ordered people to build many new ships and made Zheng He their leader. Between 1405 and 1433, Zheng He travelled to different parts of the world. He certainly travelled to India, Africa and the Middle East. A few people think his ships may have even reached South America and Australia. Each trip lasted between two and four years and it is believed he sailed more than 50,000 kms during the years of his travels. With 28,000 men and over 300 ships, such as boats for food, water and even horses, Zheng He’s fleet (船队) was much larger than Europeans’ for over 500 years. On these trips he brought with him many Chinese goods like silk and medicine to give to foreign kings or to sell for local goods. He returned from each trip with boats filled with expensive things such as gold and jewellery(珠宝), foreign guests and strange animals like a giraffe. It is a pity that we may never learn everything about Zheng He’s travels. After he died in 1433, the new king, who believed these trips were unlucky and too expensive, ordered them to stop the travels and he burned almost all the books about Zheng He’s travels. It is only in the last 50 years that historians have begun to carefully study the adventures of the great Zheng He. 1. Why did the Chinese King want Zheng He to sail to many different countries? A．To bring new countries under the control of China. B．To show other countries how strong the King was. C．To receive gifts from the kings of other countries. D．To discover unusual animals. 2. What do we know about Zheng He from the passage? A．He travelled around the world. B．Each of his trips lasted two years. C．He died at the age of 62. D．He was a successful businessman. 3. Which of the following did Zheng He NOT bring with him from other countries? A．Medicine. B．Gold. C．Strange animals. D．Jewellery. 4. In what order did the following happen? a. Zhu Di became the King. b. A young rich man caught Zheng He. c. The new king burned all the books about Zheng He. d. Zheng He brought foreigners to China. e. Zheng He visited India. f. The King ordered people to build new ships. A．e, b, a, f, d, c B．b, a, e, d, c, f C．f, a, b, d, c, e D．b, a, f, e, d, c C A spoonful of pickles (泡菜) can sometimes make a meal taste better. Recently, a new type of pickle is being discussed: “digital pickles”. It means the videos people watch while eating. Many people think that the videos can make their food more appetizing (引起食欲的). The topic received more than 16 million clicks on a website and about 100,000 people took part in the discussion. Many young people in China are kept company by TV shows or short videos. Many believe that their food is more delicious with the “digital pickles”. Can this habit influence your diet? According to a research paper published (发表) in 2019, you may eat more without realization. The international research team asked 62 volunteers to follow different eating patterns for four days. The patterns included eating while looking at the mobile phone and eating without distraction (干扰). The team discovered that eating with distraction increased calorie ingestion (热量摄入) by about 15%. To explore the reason, the team also invited two groups of people: one group ate while listening to an audio clip (音乐片段) about another person eating; the other listened to a clip that helped them imagine themselves eating. At last, the second group ate less because they focused on their food more. This result works not only for eating meals but also for other tasks which need a lot of patience and skills as well. A research team invited 120 volunteers to do different tasks while providing them with drinks and snacks. When they focused on their tasks and their attention was distracted, they were less likely to tell how full they felt and ate more than they expected. 1. Why do people eat more with “digital pickles”? A．Because they are more focused on their meals. B．Because they are distracted by “digital pickles”. C．Because the food tastes better with “digital pickles”. D．Because the “digital pickles” make them feel hungrier. 2. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To explain how to tell you are full. B．To present how to avoid being distracted. C．To give another case that causes overeating. D．To describe the advantages of “digital pickles”. 3. What would be the best title for the passage? A．Eating While Talking B．Focusing on Our Food C．Enjoying Dinner with a Show D．Having Food with Other People 4. What is the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 四、完形填空 Passage 1 Once upon a time, there was a poor cobbler (修鞋匠) who seemed to be happy all day long. He was heard 1 as he worked. What he got from his work was just enough for food, 2 he was always happy. His neighbor was a rich banker (银行家). Unlike the cobbler, he seemed to be unhappy all the time. 3 ever saw him smile or laugh. And of course he never sang. One afternoon, the banker was woken up by the cobbler’s singing. Feeling 4 , he jumped out of his bed and thought, “I have to talk to the cobbler. ” He went over to the cobbler’s house. The cobbler greeted him politely. “ 5 makes you sing so much?” asked the banker. “I’m a happy man,” said the cobbler. “Don’t you need more 6 to make your family happier?” asked the banker. “Don’t you want to live in a bigger house?” “Well,” said the cobbler. “I’ve never worried about those things because I cannot 7 them.” “I’ll help you,” said the banker. “If you look after my bag of gold coins, I’ll pay you well.” The cobbler thought that was 8 . He dug a deep hole and hid the bag in it. But now he had something to 9 . He kept thinking that thieves (小偷) might steal the gold coins. He worried so much that he stopped singing. He could not eat or sleep well. Seeing him worried, his family was unhappy too. A few days later, the cobbler understood that the gold coins had taken away his 10 . He returned the coins to the banker and began to sing happily again. 1. A．reading B．singing C．talking D．crying 2. A．because B．though C．or D．but 3. A．Somebody B．Everybody C．Nobody D．Anybody 4. A．bored B．shy C．tired D．angry 5. A．How B．Why C．What D．Who 6. A．time B．money C．friends D．shoes 7. A．afford B．see C．forget D．find 8. A．interesting B．boring C．difficult D．easy 9. A．worry about B．think of C．ask for D．wait for 10. A．hope B．happiness C．health D．family Passage 2 Not long ago, my daughter’s favourite leather shoes were cut by a knife. She cried. I took the shoes to a shoemaker to get them repaired. The young apprentice (学徒) took a look at the cuts quickly and said, “There is 1 I can do but change the uppers.” His master looked at them and said to me, “If you 2 me, I will add more cuts to both of the shoes on purpose for special style.” I didn’t fully understand him, but I decided to leave the shoes. Two days later, I went there to get the shoes. At the first sight I found there were indeed five or six 3 on each shoe, but all of them were covered by soft red leather sewn with thick thread. The shoes looked more 4 and interesting than ever. I couldn’t stop praising the master for his skill. Another time, my wife’s blouse had an opening on the back. My wife checked it carefully, and then said, “I’ll repair it myself.” Three days went past, and I was very surprised to see it again: the 5 was sewn up by thin and white thread and it looked like an ice crystal. She 6 made a lovely snowman and a wooden house on the blouse. I said with praise, “It’s just as beautiful as a piece of art.” “I learned from the master. Patches can be 7 to look perfect.” replied my wife. Her words taught me even more. Perfection is 8 to achieve in everything; patches are unavoidable; so is human life, which will appear in the form of wounds, 9 or disease. Since you can’t change that, all you can do and have to do is to cover the wound with patches and try your best to make a most beautiful flower on the wound, and that is what life teaches us. Once you 10 it, you can enjoy your life better. 1. A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything 2. A．help B．trust C．find D．know 3. A．marks B．colours C．flowers D．cuts 4. A．harmless B．similar C．special D．useless 5. A．bag B．cut C．wound D．opening 6. A．even B．once C．really D．just 7. A．drawn B．attracted C．designed D．bought 8. A．unhelpful B．necessary C．important D．impossible 9. A．donation B．disability C．charity D．fashion 10. A．remember B．expect C．understand D．forget Passage 3 先通读原文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 Once upon a time, there were two seeds (种子). They were good friends. Although they were deep under the ground, their life was full of 1 . They often talked and laughed happily. One day, when they 2 with each other as usual, the first seed had an idea. He said, “I want to 3 ! Then I can enjoy the sun and the rain.” The second one was very 4 and said, “Are you 5 ? We are living a happy and 6 life now. If you grow, little animals may come up to you and eat you. How bad! If you become a beautiful flower, a child may come and pick you. Don’t you think growing up is dangerous?” For the first time, they 7 with each other. But the first seed didn’t listen to the second one, and he grew bravely. Little by little, he was 8 a seed. He became a big plant. He had a chance to enjoy the sun and the rain. The second one was 9 growing up. So he did nothing and refused (拒绝) to grow. When spring came, a duck walked around and looked for food. She saw the second seed and came up to eat him. When we grow up, we meet some difficulties. We should act like the 10 seed. We should face our life bravely. 1. A．water B．joy C．earth D．plants 2. A．were talking B．are talking C．talk D．was talking 3. A．play B．sleep C．grow D．forget 4. A．successful B．tired C．useful D．surprised 5. A．careless B．joyful C．helpful D．crazy 6. A．comfortable B．harmful C．important D．helpless 7. A．argued B．understood C．accepted D．communicated 8. A．any longer B．no longer C．once again D．no problem 9. A．afraid of B．excited about C．busy with D．interested in 10. A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 12 / 12乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $