Unit 2 SectionA 短语+词汇词性变化默写及对应练习 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 2 Stay healthy Section A What should we do when we don't feel well? （默写短语+练习；默写词性变化+练习；课文挖空练习+其他练习） Part One 短语+练习 【重点短语】默写 1. 受苦，受折磨喉咙疼 __________________________ 2. 流鼻涕 __________________________ 3. 受了淤伤的膝盖 __________________________ 4. 看牙医 __________________________ 5. 从...跌倒 __________________________ 6. 坐下 __________________________ 7. 给某人量体温 __________________________ 8. 吃点药 __________________________ 9. 戴口罩 __________________________ 10. 避免做某事 __________________________ 11. 过马路 __________________________ 12. 起床（下床） __________________________ 13. 牙疼 __________________________ 14. 阻止某人做某事 __________________________ 【巩固练习】 第一部分：根据括号内的中文提示，用短语的正确形式完成句子，每空限填一词。 1. Last week, my brother ________ ________ a high fever and had to stay in bed. (受发烧苦） 2. It’s polite ________ __________ ____________ ____________when you sneeze in public. (戴口罩) 3. The doctor asked me _______ ________ the __________three times a day after meals. (吃点药) 4. She ________ ________ the bike and hurt her arm yesterday. (从...跌倒) 5. My mother felt dizzy and weak, so I quickly ________ ______ _______ to see if she had a fever. (量体温) 6. Children must learn to look both ways before ________ ________. (过马路) 7. To keep healthy, we should ________ ________ _______ late at night. (避免熬夜） 8. The teacher’s warning ________ the students ________ _________ near the busy road. (阻止...玩耍) 12. In spring, many people ________ ________ _________ __________because of allergies. (流鼻涕) 13. His ________ ________ was so painful that he couldn’t walk fast. (受了淤伤的膝盖) 14. Please ________ ________ _________ and wait for your name to be called. (坐下) 15. She can't eat anything sweet because she ________ ____________ ______.(牙疼) 第二部分：翻译句子 1. 如果你发烧了，你应该立即去看医生。 ____________________________________________________________________ 2. 为了防止病毒传播，我们在公共场合都应该戴口罩。 ____________________________________________________________________ 3. 他昨天从树上摔下来，伤了腿。 ____________________________________________________________________ 4. 你能帮妹妹量一下体温吗？她看起来不太舒服。 ____________________________________________________________________ 5. 过马路时看手机是非常危险的。 ____________________________________________________________________ 6. 为了避免迟到，他每天很早就起床。 ____________________________________________________________________ 7. 我牙疼得厉害，需要马上去看牙医。 ____________________________________________________________________ 8. 这种药可以防止你的症状变得更糟。 ____________________________________________________________________ 9. 他流鼻涕而且喉咙痛，可能是感冒了。 ____________________________________________________________________ 10. 请坐下，医生很快就会来给你检查。 ____________________________________________________________________ Part One 词性变化+练习 【重点默写】 原词/释义 对应变形 we pron. 我们(主格) → ______________ pron. (宾格) → ______________ adj. (形容词性物主代词) → ______________ pron. (名词性物主代词) → ______________ pron. (反身代词) stomach n. 胃;腹部 ______________ adj. 胃痛的 ______________ （复数） tooth n. 牙齿 → ______________ n. (复数) → ______________ n. 牙疼 press v. 压;按;挤;推 → ______________ n. 压力 → ______________ adj. 紧迫的;受压的 careless adj. 不小心的;粗心的 → ______________ n. 粗心 → ______________ adj. 仔细的(反义词) → ______________ n. 关心,在意 suffer v. 受苦;遭受 → ______________n. 痛苦;苦难 → ______________n. 受害者;患者 medicine n. 药;医学 → ______________adj. 医学的;医疗的 description n. 描写;形容 → ______________ v. 描述;形容 → _____________ adj. 描述的;说明的 patient n. 病人; adj. 有耐心的 → ______________ n. 耐心 → ______________adv. 耐心地 injury n. 伤害;损伤 → ______________v. 伤害;损害 → ______________adj. 受伤的 illness n. 疾病 → ______________ adj. 生病的;坏的 clear adj. 清晰的;清楚的; v. 清理 → ______________adv. 清晰地 pain n. 疼痛;痛苦 → ______________adj. 疼痛的;痛苦的 brightness n. 亮度 → ______________ adj. 明亮的;聪明的 → ______________adv. 明亮地;鲜明地 environment n. 环境 → ______________ adj. 环境的;有关环境的 cross v. 穿越;横过;交叉 → ______________n. 十字路口;交叉处 → _____________adj. 交叉的;生气的 → ______________ （介词）穿过； 【随堂练习】 第一部分：根据括号内的中文提示，用短语的正确形式完成句子，每空限填一词。 第一组：we 的相关变形 1. They invited ______ (we) to their party last Sunday. 2. This is not your room; it’s ______ (we). 3. ______ (we) English teacher is very kind and patient. 4. We finished the project all by ______ (we). 5. Between you and ______ (I), I think the plan is too risky. 第二组：careless / careful / care/carefully/carelessly/carelessness 1. He made a ______ (care) mistake in the math exam. 2. ______ (care) is the main cause of many accidents. 3. Please listen ______ (careful) to the teacher’s instructions. 4. She is much ______ (careful) with her homework than her brother. 5. Accidents can happen when we're ____________(care) 第三组：medicine / medical 1.She works in a big ______ (medicine) center in the city. 2. You need a ______ (medicine) examination before joining the sports team. 第四组：description / describe / descriptive 1. Can you ______ (description) what the thief looked like? 2. The police asked for a detailed ______ (describe) of the lost bag. 3. Her writing is very ______ (description); I can almost see the scene. 4. The book gives a clear ______ (describe) of life in ancient times. 5. He is good at ______ (description) his feelings in his diary. 第五组：patient / patience / patiently / impatient 1. A good teacher must have a lot of ______ (patient). 2. She waited ______ (patient) for her turn at the clinic. 3. The doctor is very kind to all his ______ (patient). 4. Don’t be so ______ (patient)! The bus will come soon. 5. He listened ______ (patient) to his grandmother’s long story. 第六组：injury / injure / injured 1. Several people were seriously ______ (injury) in the car accident. 2. The player’s knee ______ (injure) kept him out of the game for months. 3. Be careful not __________ (injure) yourself with that knife. 4. The ______ (injure) were taken to the nearest hospital immediately. 5. His pride was ______ (injury) by her words. 第七组：illness / ill 1. He has been absent from school because of ______ (ill). 2. She felt ______ (illness) and had to lie down. 3. Serious ______ (ill) often require long-term treatment. 4. Stress can lead to both physical and mental ______ (ill). 第八组：clear / clearly / clarity 1. Please speak ______ (clear) so that everyone can understand you. 2. The water in the lake is much ______ (clear) than before. 3. There is a lack of ______ (clear) in his explanation. 4. After the rain, the stars shone ______ (clear) in the night sky. 5. This is the ______ (clear) photo I have ever taken. 第九组：cross / crossing / across 1. Be careful when ______ (cross) the busy street. 2. There is a zebra ______ (cross) about 100 meters ahead. 3. She swam ______ (cross) the river in twenty minutes. 4. The teacher was ______ (across) because many students were late. 5. We walked ______ (cross) the bridge to get to the other side. 第十组词汇填空题 1. Everyone should try to avoid _____________( pollute) the environment. 2. He is ____________ (suffer) from a bad headache in those days. 3. The doctor asked me ______________ (take)the temperature twice a day. 4. He ___________ (press) the red button when an emergency happened. 5. It’s a very ____________ (pain) experience to have a toothache. 6. The government is making new laws ___________(protect) the natural environment. 7. Air pollution is a serious ______________ (environment) problem in many cities. 8. The mother felt a sharp pain _______ her heart when her child cried. 9. The nurse asked the patient to take the temperature before _________(take) the medicine. 10. We must take action _______(prevent)further environmental damage. 第二部分：【课文重练】（答案省略） （一） Doctor: Take a seat, Helen. How are you 1. ________(feel)? Helen: Not good... I have 2.______runny nose and a fever. Doctor: Let 3._____(I)take your temperature... Oh, it’s quite high. Helen: Yes, it 4.______ (start)yesterday. I 5.______ (feel)so cold, and I didn’t have much energy. When I tried 6.______(get)out of bed, I almost fell and hurt 7._____(I) .My throat hurts too. Doctor: Let’s see. Yes, the back of your throat is very red. We’ll need to do a test, but I believe you have 8. _____ flu. It’s flu season. Helen: What should I do, Doctor! Doctor: You should take some medicine and drink enough water. Helen: OK, thank you. Can I go to school tomorrow? Doctor: No, you 9.______ (应该）rest at home. When you’re outside, please wear a mask. It 10.______(stop) us from 11.______( pass) the flu virus to 12._______(other) 13.______(easy).Helen: I will.Doctor: And remember, your 14._______(healthy)is in your hands. If you take good care of yourself, you’ll get 15.______ (good)soon. （2） Mobile phones are useful, but you should use 1.________(they)wisely. 2.________(protect) your eyes, every 20 minutes, you should rest your 3._______(eye) and look at something far away. What's 4.________(much),you could change your screen's 5.________(bright)to try and match your environment and make the words 6.______the screen bigger. Of course, you shouldn’t look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly shouldn’t look at it when 7.______(cross)the road! In fact, you should avoid 8.______(use) your phone too often. You should listen to music instead of 9._______(watch)videos. You could also talk to your friends instead of sending them 10.________(message). 第二部分：【趁热打铁】 一．正确形式填空 1. _______ (fortunate), I will miss my daughter’s birthday party because of the meeting. 2. The team members celebrated their victory _______ (they) and danced _______ (happy) around the trophy (奖杯). 3. Bad air _______ the environment and is _______ to the health of living creatures. (harm) 4. The _______ (bright) of the snow made him blink. 5. After the fall, he got a small _______ (injure) to his knee. 6. Many students were absent from school because of winter _______ (ill). 7. It’s not safe _______ (cross) the street without looking left and right. 8. Lisa gave a lively _______ (describe) of how they spent the Spring Festival in China, which makes me feel as if I were there too. 9. The volunteers helped clean the park _______ (happy) on Earth Day. 10. Jane bought some tomatoes and she wanted _______ (fry) them with eggs. 11. —I feel very cold now. —We can find some dry branches and _______ (burn) them to make a fire. 12. More people realize the importance of taking care of _______ (they) both physically and mentally. 13. —Where are the students? —They _______ (lie) on the grass to enjoy the nice view of the sky. 14. You shouldn’t eat too much junk food, because it’s _______ (harm) to your health. 二．语法填空 [2025四川德阳调研。节选]Do you ever cough a lot? Doctors have some 1._________(advise) for people with coughs. They tell people not 2._________(visit) a doctor but to drink water with honey or get some medicine from a drugstore(药店)instead. Doctors say if we do this, it 3._________ (work) most of the time. Doctors add usually a cough will get better on its own in two or three 4. _________(week), even without medicine. Many of 5._______ (we) go to see a doctor when we have a cough. Doctors in England say this is usually 6._______waste of time. Doctors say we use antibiotics(抗生素)too much. This can be bad 7._______us. Many 8_______ (virus) are becoming stronger, so medicines are working 9.______(little).This can be dangerous to our health. Doctors say a hot drink with honey is a traditional way to fight coughs. What's more,honey may be good for children with coughs. Why? 10. _________they love the taste of honey. 参考答案 Part One 短语部分 短语默写： 受苦，受折磨喉咙疼suffer from a sore throat 流鼻涕 have a runny nose 受了淤伤的膝盖 a bruised knee 看牙医see a dentist = go to a dentist 从...跌倒 fall off 坐下take a seat 给某人量体温take one’s temperature 吃点药 take some medicine 戴口罩 wear a mask 避免做某事 avoid doing sth 过马路 cross the road 起床（下床） get out of bed 牙疼 have a toothache 阻止，防止某人做某事stop…from doing sth 习题部分完成句子 suffered from/to wear a mask/to take medicine/fell off/took her temperature/crossing the road avoid staying up/stopped; from playing/have a runny nose/bruised knee/take a seat /has a toothache 第二部分：翻译句子 1. If you have a fever / suffer from a fever, you should go to see a doctor immediately. 2. To prevent the virus from spreading, we should all wear masks in public places. 3. He fell off the tree and hurt his leg yesterday. 4. Can you take your sister’s temperature? She doesn’t look well. 5. Looking at your phone while crossing the road is very dangerous. 6. To avoid being late, he gets up very early every day. 7. I have a bad toothache, so I need to go to the dentist right away. 8. This medicine can prevent your symptoms from getting worse. 9. He has a runny nose and a sore throat. He might have a cold. 10. Please sit down. The doctor will come to examine you soon. 参考答案： 参考答案及解析 第一组 1. us (动词invited的宾语) 2. ours (名词性物主代词，作表语) 3. Our (形容词性物主代词，修饰名词) 4. ourselves (反身代词，与主语we对应) 5. me (介词between的宾语，用宾格) 第二组 1. careless (形容词，修饰mistake) 2. Carelessness (名词，作主语) 3. carefully (副词，修饰动词listen) 4. more careful (比较级，与than搭配) 5. careless () 第三组 1.medical (形容词，修饰center) 2.medical (形容词，修饰examination) 第四组 1. describe (情态动词can后接动词原形) 2. description (名词，作宾语) 3. descriptive (形容词，作表语) 4. description (名词，作宾语) 5. describing (介词at后接动名词) 第五组 1. patience (名词，作宾语) 2. patiently (副词，修饰动词waited) 3. patients (名词复数，病人) 4. impatient (形容词，作表语) 5. patiently (副词，修饰动词listened) 第六组 1. injured (形容词/过去分词，作表语) 2. injury (名词，作主语) 3. injure (不定式符号to后接动词原形) 4. injured (形容词，作主语，“伤员们”) 5. injured (过去分词，构成被动语态) 第七组 1. illness (介词because of后接名词) 2. ill (形容词，作表语) 3. illnesses (名词复数，泛指疾病) 4. illness (名词，作宾语) 第八组 1. clearly (副词，修饰动词speak) 2. clearer (形容词比较级) 3. clarity (名词，作宾语) 4. clearly (副词，修饰动词shone) 5. clearest (形容词最高级，与I have ever taken比较) 第九组 1. crossing (when+doing) 2. crossing (名词，斑马线) 3. across (介词，表示“横穿”) 4. cross (形容词，意为“生气的”) 6. across (介词，表示“从一边到另一边”) 第十组 1. polluting解释：avoid doing sth.是固定用法，表示“避免做某事”，所以这里用pollute的动名词形式polluting。 2. suffering解释：根据in those days（在那些日子里）可知该句时态为现在进行时，其结构是be+动词的现在分词，所以用suffer的现在分词形式suffering。 3. to take解释：ask sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“要求某人做某事”，所以这里用to take。 4. pressed解释：when引导的时间状语从句中happened是过去式，说明主句动作也发生在过去，所以用press的过去式pressed。 5. painful解释：修饰名词experience要用形容词，pain的形容词形式是painful，表示“痛苦的”。 6. to protect解释：这里用动词不定式to protect作目的状语，表示“为了保护自然环境”。 7. environmental解释：修饰名词problem要用形容词，environment的形容词形式是environmental，表示“环境的”。 8. in解释：“在心里”用介词in，即in one's heart。 9. taking解释：before是介词，后面接动词时要用动名词形式，所以用taking。 a) to prevent 10. 解释：这里用动词不定式to prevent作目的状语，表示“为了防止进一步的环境破坏”。 趁热打铁 正确形式填空 1.Unfortunately解析：根据语境“因为会议我将错过女儿的生日派对”，这是一件不幸的事，所以用副词Unfortunately“不幸地”，在句中作状语。 2.themselves; happily解析：第一空，团队成员自己庆祝胜利，用反身代词themselves“他们自己”；第二空，修饰动词danced要用副词happily“高兴地”。 3.harms; harmful解析：第一空，主语Bad air是单数第三人称，所以动词harm用第三人称单数形式harms“损害”；第二空，be harmful to是固定短语，意为“对……有害”，所以填harmful。 4.brightness解析：定冠词The后接名词，bright的名词形式是brightness“明亮”。 5.injury解析：形容词small后接名词，injure的名词形式是injury“伤，损害”。 6.illness解析：because of后面接名词短语，winter illness表示“冬季疾病”，所以用ill的名词形式illness。 7.to cross解析：“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”是固定句型，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，所以这里用to cross。 8.description解析：give a description of是固定短语，意为“对……进行描述”，所以用describe的名词形式description。 9.happily解析：这里需要用副词修饰动词helped clean，happy的副词形式是happily，表示“快乐地”。 10.to fry解析：want to do sth.是固定用法，意为“想要做某事”，所以用to fry。 11.burn解析：and连接两个并列的动作，find和burn是并列关系，前面有情态动词can，所以这里用动词原形burn。 12.themselves解析：take care of oneself表示“照顾自己”，这里主语是More people，所以用they的反身代词themselves。 13.are lying解析：根据语境可知，问句问学生们在哪里，答句表示他们正躺在草地上享受天空的美景，用现在进行时，其结构是be + 动词的现在分词，主语是They，所以be动词用are，lie的现在分词是lying，即are lying。 14.harmful解析：be harmful to是固定短语，意为“对……有害”，所以用harm的形容词形式harmful。 语法填空 1.advice解释：advise是动词“建议”，这里需要名词“建议”，advice是不可数名词，所以填advice。 2.to visit解释：tell sb. not to do sth.是固定用法，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，所以填to visit。 3.will work解释：if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，这里主句用一般将来时will work，表示如果这样做，大多数时候会起作用。 4.weeks解释：two or three后面接可数名词复数，week是可数名词，所以填weeks。 5.us解释：of是介词，后面接宾格，we的宾格是us，所以填us。 6.a解释：a waste of time是固定短语，意为“浪费时间”，所以填a。 7.for解释：be bad for是固定短语，意为“对……有害”，所以填for。 8.viruses解释：many后面接可数名词复数，virus是可数名词，所以填viruses。 9.less解释：根据语境，很多病毒变得更强，所以药物起的作用就更小了，little的比较级是less，所以填less。 10.Because解释：根据上文问为什么蜂蜜对咳嗽的孩子有好处，这里回答原因用Because引导原因状语从句。 原词/释义 对应变形 we pron. 我们(主格) → us pron. (宾格) → our adj. (形容词性物主代词) → ours pron. (名词性物主代词) → ourselves pron. (反身代词) stomach n. 胃;腹部 stomachache adj. 胃痛的 tooth n. 牙齿 teeth n. (复数) → toothache n. 牙疼 press v. 压;按;挤;推 pressure n. 压力 → pressed adj. 紧迫的;受压的 careless adj. 不小心的;粗心的 carelessness n. 粗心 → careful adj. 仔细的(反义词) → care n. 关心,在意 suffer v. 受苦;遭受 suffering n. 痛苦;苦难 → sufferer n. 受害者;患者 medicine n. 药;医学 medical adj. 医学的;医疗的 description n. 描写;形容 describe v. 描述;形容 → descriptive adj. 描述的;说明的 patient n. 病人; adj. 有耐心的 patience n. 耐心 → patiently adv. 耐心地 injury n. 伤害;损伤 injure v. 伤害;损害 → injured adj. 受伤的 illness n. 疾病 ill adj. 生病的;坏的 clear adj. 清晰的;清楚的; v. 清理 clearly adv. 清晰地 → clarity n. 清晰度;明确性 pain n. 疼痛;痛苦 painful adj. 疼痛的;痛苦的 brightness n. 亮度 bright adj. 明亮的;聪明的 → brightly adv. 明亮地;鲜明地 environment n. 环境 environmental adj. 环境的;有关环境的 cross v. 穿越;横过;交叉 crossing n. 十字路口;交叉处 → cross adj. 交叉的;生气的 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $