Be+过去分词+介词 清单-2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

Be+过去分词+介词 A 1. be accused of被指控（犯有某罪 / 某错误） The businessman was accused of cheating his customers.这名商人被指控欺骗客户。 2. be amazed at / by对……感到惊讶（程度较强，比 surprised 更侧重 “因意外而惊叹”） I was amazed at how beautiful the sunset over the ocean was.我对海上日落的美景感到惊叹。 3. be annoyed at / with对…… 感到恼怒（程度较轻，比 angry 更侧重 “烦躁、不悦”） She was annoyed at the constant noise from the neighbor’s house.她对邻居家持续的噪音感到烦躁。 4. be ashamed of为……感到羞愧 / 惭愧 He was ashamed of his rude behavior towards the elderly.（他为自己对老人的粗鲁行为感到惭愧。 5. be astonished at / by对…… 感到震惊（程度极强，比 amazed 更侧重 “因难以置信而震惊”） Everyone was astonished at the team’s sudden victory in the final.所有人都对球队在决赛中意外获胜感到震惊。 6. be attracted to / by被……吸引（可指 “情感吸引” 或 “物理 / 兴趣吸引”） She was attracted to his sense of humor.她被他的幽默感吸引。 7. be accustomed to习惯于……（比 be used to 更正式，强调 “长期形成的习惯状态”） After living in the north for 5 years, she was accustomed to the cold winters.在北方生活 5 年后，她已经习惯了寒冷的冬天。 8. be alarmed at对…… 感到惊恐 / 担忧（侧重 “因危险、威胁而产生的警觉性恐惧”） Parents were alarmed at the increase in child accidents in the area.家长们对该地区儿童事故的增加感到担忧。 B 1. be based on以……为基础；依据……（强调 “主语的内容 / 存在依赖某事物作为支撑”） This novel is based on the author’s own childhood experiences.这本小说以作者自身的童年经历为基础。 2. be born in / on / to出生于……；由……所生（描述 “出生的时间、地点或父母关系”） 接时间：She was born in 1995. / He was born on October 1st. 接地点：I was born in Beijing. 接父母：He was born to a family of doctors.他出生于一个医生家庭。 3. be bored with / by对……感到厌倦（因事物单调、重复而产生的 “乏味感”，比 tired 更侧重 “精神上的无聊”） I’m bored with this TV show—let’s watch something else.我对这个电视节目感到厌倦了，我们看点别的吧。 （接行为：She was bored by sitting in the office all day. 她整天坐在办公室里感到十分无聊。） 4. be bound to必定会……；注定要…… If you keep working hard, you are bound to achieve your goals.如果你继续努力，你必定会实现目标。 5. be broken into（某地 / 某物）被闯入；被破门而入 Their house was broken into while they were on vacation.他们度假时，家里被人闯入了。 6. be blessed with有幸拥有……；被赋予……（带有 “感恩、幸运” 的正面情感，强调 “拥有珍贵的事物或特质”） She is blessed with a loving husband and two lovely children.她有幸拥有一位体贴的丈夫和两个可爱的孩子。 （事物作主语：This town is blessed with a mild climate all year round. 这个城镇全年气候温和宜人。） C 1. be concerned about / with about：对…… 担忧；关心（侧重 “主观上的担忧或关注”）； with：涉及；与…… 有关（侧重 “客观上与某事物相关联”）。 表担忧：Parents are always concerned about their children’s safety when they go out.孩子外出时，父母总担心他们的安全。 表关联：This meeting is concerned with the new company policy.这次会议涉及新的公司政策。 2. be covered with / by被…… 覆盖（强调 “主语表面被某事物遮盖的状态”） 表状态：The mountain tops are covered with snow all year round.山顶全年被积雪覆盖。 表动作执行者：The desk was covered by a clean tablecloth before the guests arrived.客人来之前，桌子被一块干净的桌布盖住了。 3. be crowded with挤满……（强调 “场所内人 / 物数量多，空间拥挤”） The subway is always crowded with commuters during morning rush hour.早高峰时，地铁里总是挤满了通勤者。 4. be compared with / to with：把…… 与…… 对比（侧重 “比较两者的异同，突出差异”）； to：把…… 比作……（侧重 “将 A 类比为 B，突出相似性，含比喻意味”）。 表对比：This year’s sales volume is compared with last year’s to analyze the growth.今年的销售额与去年的对比，以分析增长情况。 表比喻：Life is often compared to a journey full of ups and downs.人生常被比作一段充满起伏的旅程。 5. be confused about对…… 感到困惑（因信息模糊、逻辑复杂而 “无法理解”） Many students are confused about the difference between “lie” and “lay” in English.很多学生对英语中 “lie” 和 “lay” 的区别感到困惑。 6. be committed to致力于……；承诺做……（强调 “对某目标 / 责任的坚定投入或承诺”） She is committed to her career and spends most of her time on work.她致力于自己的事业，大部分时间都花在工作上。 7. be caught in被困在…… 中；遭遇……（强调 “意外陷入某种不利情境，无法脱身”） I was caught in a heavy rain on my way home yesterday, so I got wet all over.昨天回家路上我被困在大雨中，全身都湿透了。 D 1. be dressed in穿着……（强调 “主语的着装状态”，区别于 “wear”（动作），更侧重静态描述） She was dressed in a long white dress at her wedding.（她婚礼上穿着一件白色长裙。） （日常场景：The children are dressed in warm coats for the winter trip. 孩子们都穿着保暖的外套，准备进行冬季旅行。） 2. be dedicated to致力于……；献身于……（强调 “对目标、事业或责任的坚定投入”，比 “be committed to” 更侧重 “情感上的专注”） He has been dedicated to environmental protection for over 20 years.（他致力于环境保护已有 20 多年。） （组织场景：This charity is dedicated to providing food for homeless people. 这家慈善机构致力于为无家可归者提供食物。） 3. be delighted with / at对…… 感到高兴 / 欣喜（程度比 “be happy with” 更强，侧重 “因意外或期待达成而喜悦”） 接事物：We are delighted with the new house we just bought.（我们对刚买的新房子感到很满意。） 接事件：She was delighted at her son’s acceptance into his dream university.（她对儿子被理想大学录取感到欣喜。） 4. be disappointed with / at / about对…… 感到失望（因期待未达成而产生的负面情绪，程度比 “be upset with” 更侧重 “期望落空”） 接人：I was disappointed with him for breaking his promise.（他违背承诺，我对他感到失望。） 接事件：She was disappointed at the team’s loss in the final.（球队决赛失利，她感到失望。） 接情况：We are disappointed about the delay of the project.（项目延期，我们对这个情况感到失望。） 5. be discriminated against被歧视（因种族、性别、年龄等因素受到不公平对待） People with disabilities should not be discriminated against in the workplace.（残疾人不应在职场中受到歧视。） 6. be divorced from①（与某人）离婚；②（与某事物）脱离，脱节（两种含义均需掌握） 离婚：They were divorced from each other after 10 years of marriage.（结婚 10 年后，他们离婚了。） 脱离：This plan is divorced from the actual needs of the users.（这个方案与用户的实际需求脱节。） 7. be done with完成……；结束……（口语化表达，强调 “不再处理某事物，或与某人 / 某事断绝关系”） I’m finally done with my thesis—now I can relax!（我终于完成了论文，现在可以放松了！） （断绝关系：She said she’s done with him and won’t contact him again. 她说她已经和他断绝关系了，不会再与他有任何联系了。） E 1. be equipped with配备有……；装有……（强调 “主语具备完成某任务所需的工具、设备或能力”） This laboratory is equipped with advanced testing machines.（这个实验室配备了先进的测试设备。） （人作主语：He is equipped with the experience needed for this job. 他具备完成这项工作所需的经验。） 2. be exposed to暴露于……；接触到……（可表 “物理暴露” 或 “信息 / 环境接触”，中性或略带负面色彩） Long-term exposure to blue light is bad for eyes, so we shouldn’t be exposed to phone screens for too long.（长期接触蓝光对眼睛有害，所以我们不应长时间盯着手机屏幕。） （物理暴露：The metal was exposed to rain and started to rust. 这种金属暴露在雨水之中，于是开始生锈了。） 3. be excited about对…… 感到兴奋（因期待、喜悦而产生的积极情绪，程度比 “be happy about” 更强） The children are so excited about the upcoming Christmas party.（孩子们对即将到来的圣诞派对感到非常兴奋。） （接动名词：I’m excited about working with the new team. 我很期待与新团队合作。） 4. be embarrassed about对…… 感到尴尬（因自身行为、外貌或关联事物不符合预期而产生的羞耻感） He was embarrassed about forgetting his teacher’s name in class.（他因在课堂上忘了老师的名字而感到尴尬。） （外貌场景：She used to be embarrassed about her curly hair. 她过去常常为自己的卷发感到难为情。） 5. be engaged in从事于……；忙于……（强调 “主语专注投入某活动或工作，处于积极参与的状态”） She has been engaged in volunteer work for the past three years.（过去三年里，她一直从事志愿者工作。） （组织场景：This team is engaged in developing new energy technologies. 这个团队正在致力于开发新能源技术。） 6. be employed in受雇于……；从事…… 工作（强调 “主语的职业状态，即被某机构雇佣或从事某职业”） 接领域（in）：My father is employed in the IT industry.（我父亲从事 IT 行业工作。） 接机构（by）：She is employed by a famous international company.（她受雇于一家知名跨国公司。） 7. be entertained with被…… 娱乐；享受…… 带来的乐趣（强调 “主语通过某方式获得愉悦体验”） The guests were entertained with magic shows and live music at the party.（派对上，客人们通过魔术表演和现场音乐获得了娱乐。） （日常场景：The children were entertained with picture books while their parents cooked. 孩子们在看图画书，而他们的父母则在做饭。） 8. be enchanted with / by被…… 迷住；对…… 着迷（强调 “因美好事物而产生强烈的喜爱或陶醉感”，比 “be attracted to” 更具 “沉浸感”） We were enchanted with the beautiful scenery of the lake at dawn.（黎明时分，我们被湖边的美景迷住了。） F 1. be filled with充满……（强调 “主语（空间 / 容器）被某事物完全占据的状态”，反义词：be empty of） The old house is filled with memories of my childhood.（这栋老房子里充满了我童年的回忆。） （具体场景：The cup is filled with hot tea. 杯子里面装满了热茶。） 2. be faced with / by面临……；面对……（强调 “主语不得不应对某问题、困难或情况”） 接对象（with）：We are faced with a difficult decision about whether to move.（我们面临一个是否搬家的艰难决定。） 接来源（by）：The team was faced by unexpected pressure in the final match.（这支队伍在决赛中面临着突如其来的压力。） 3. be frightened of / by害怕……（因危险、未知或负面事物产生的恐惧情绪，程度比 “be afraid of” 更强） 长期恐惧（of）：She has always been frightened of heights.（她一直恐高。） 突发恐惧（by）：The child was frightened by the loud fireworks.（孩子被响亮的烟花吓到了。） 4. be fascinated by / with被…… 迷住；对…… 极感兴趣（因事物的吸引力而产生强烈的专注和喜爱，程度比 “be interested in” 更深） He has always been fascinated by the stars and dreams of becoming an astronomer.（他一直被星星迷住，梦想成为一名天文学家。） （通用 with：She is fascinated with the traditional stories of this region. 他对这个地区的传统故事充满兴趣。） 5. be finished with完成……；不再使用 / 处理……（口语化表达，强调 “对某事物的处理已收尾，或与某事物断绝关联”） Are you finished with the computer? I need to use it to send an email.（你用完电脑了吗？我需要用它发一封邮件。） （断绝关联：She said she’s finished with this toxic friendship. 她说她已经和这段有害的友谊彻底断绝关系了。） 6. be fed up with对…… 感到厌烦 / 厌倦（因事物重复、令人不满而产生的 “忍无可忍” 的情绪，比 “be bored with” 程度更强） I’m fed up with this constant noise from the construction site—it’s impossible to focus.（我受够了建筑工地持续的噪音，根本无法集中注意力。） G 1. be given to①被给予……（基础含义，表 “被动接受”）；②倾向于……；习惯于……（高频引申义，表 “长期形成的行为偏好”） 含义①（被给予）：A large sum of money was given to the charity to help homeless people.（一笔巨款被捐赠给慈善机构，用于帮助无家可归者。） 含义②（倾向于）：She is given to reading classic novels in her spare time.（她习惯在空闲时读经典小说。） 2. be guided by被…… 指导；以…… 为指导（强调 “主语的行为或决策依据某人 / 某原则”） When making important decisions, we should be guided by facts rather than emotions.（做重要决策时，我们应依据事实而非情感。） （人作主语：New employees are guided by experienced colleagues during their first month. 新员工在入职后的第一个月会由经验丰富的同事进行指导。） 3. be governed by被…… 统治；受…… 支配（强调 “主语受某规则、制度或力量的约束，具有‘被动服从’的意味”） This country was governed by a monarchy for hundreds of years before becoming a republic.（这个国家在成为共和国前，曾由君主制统治数百年。） （事物场景：Economic activities are largely governed by the law of supply and demand. 经济活动在很大程度上受供求法则的支配。） 4. be geared to / towards适应于……；面向……（强调 “主语的设计、功能或目标针对某群体 / 需求”） This training course is geared to the needs of beginners who have no prior experience in coding.（这个培训课程面向没有编程基础的初学者，适应他们的需求。） （用 towards：The new policy is geared towards reducing carbon emissions. 这项新政策旨在减少碳排放。） 5. be greeted with受到…… 的对待 / 反应（强调 “主语（多为行为、消息）引发的他人反应”） The proposal to build a new park was greeted with great enthusiasm by local residents.（修建新公园的提议受到了当地居民的热烈欢迎。） （负面反应：His sudden resignation was greeted with shock and confusion. 他突然辞职的消息令人们感到震惊和困惑。） 6. be gratified with / at对…… 感到满意 / 欣慰（强调 “因某事达成或某结果而产生的正面情绪，比 be satisfied with 更侧重‘内心的愉悦’”） 接事物（with）：She was gratified with the progress her students had made in a short time.（她对学生在短时间内取得的进步感到满意。） 接事件（at）：We were gratified at the government’s decision to protect the ancient building.（我们对政府保护古建筑的决定感到欣慰。） 7. be gone with the wind随风而逝；不复存在（固定习语，强调 “某物彻底消失，无法挽回”） All his childhood memories seemed to be gone with the wind after he moved abroad.（移居国外后，他所有的童年回忆似乎都随风而逝了。） H 1. be hidden in / by被隐藏在……；被…… 隐藏（强调 “主语处于不被发现的状态”） 表位置（in）：The old photo was hidden in a box under the bed for decades.（这张旧照片被藏在床底的盒子里几十年了。） 表执行者（by）：The secret was hidden by her grandmother until she passed away.（这个秘密被她祖母隐瞒到去世。） 2. be held in / by / for in：被限制在……；被关押在……（表 “空间 / 状态约束”）； by：被…… 抓住 / 持有（表 “动作执行者”）； for：因…… 被关押 / 扣留（表 “原因”），需根据语境区分介词。 表空间（in）：The criminal was held in prison for five years.（这名罪犯被关押在监狱五年。） 表执行者（by）：The baby was held by her mother tightly in the crowd.（婴儿被妈妈在人群中紧紧抱着。） 表原因（for）：He was held by the police for questioning about the accident.（他因这起事故被警方扣留问话。） 3. be hurt by / with被…… 伤害（可指 “身体伤害” 或 “情感伤害”） 表主体（by）：She was deeply hurt by his refusal to trust her.（他拒绝信任她，这让她深受伤害。） 表工具（with）：The hiker was hurt with a sharp branch while climbing the mountain.（徒步者爬山时被一根锋利的树枝弄伤了。） 4. be hired by被…… 雇佣（强调 “主语与雇佣方的劳动关系”） He was hired by a famous international company as a marketing manager last month.（他上个月被一家知名跨国公司聘为市场经理。） 5. be hooked on沉迷于……；对…… 上瘾（强调 “主语对某事物产生强烈依赖，难以戒除”，可指兴趣或不良习惯） After trying the new sport, she became hooked on rock climbing and goes every weekend.（尝试这项新运动后，她沉迷于攀岩，每个周末都去。） （不良习惯：He was hooked on alcohol for years before quitting. 他长期沉迷于饮酒，后来才戒掉了这个习惯。） 6. be haunted by被…… 困扰；受…… 萦绕（可指 “被鬼魂缠绕” 或 “被负面记忆 / 想法困扰”，侧重 “无法摆脱的负面状态”） She was haunted by the memory of the accident for years, even after moving to a new city.（多年来，她一直被那场事故的记忆困扰，即使搬到了新城市也无法释怀。） （虚幻场景：The old house was said to be haunted by the ghost of its former owner. 据说那座老房子被其前主人的鬼魂所萦绕。） I 1. be interested in对…… 感兴趣（强调 “主语对某领域、事物或活动产生主动关注的情绪”，反义词：be uninterested in） She has been interested in environmental protection since she was a teenager.（她从十几岁起就对环境保护感兴趣。） （接动名词：Are you interested in joining our hiking club this weekend? 你有兴趣在这个周末加入我们的徒步俱乐部吗？） 2. be impressed by / with被…… 打动 /impressed（强调 “主语因某人的特质、某事物的特征而产生深刻正面印象”） 表原因（by）：I was deeply impressed by how he helped the elderly cross the street in the rain.（他在雨中帮助老人过马路的行为，给我留下了深刻印象。） 表事物（with）：The judges were impressed with the student’s creative solution to the problem.（评委们对这个学生解决问题的创新方案印象深刻。） 3. be involved in参与……；卷入……（强调 “主语主动投入某活动，或被动陷入某情况”，可表积极参与或负面卷入） He was involved in organizing the school’s 50th anniversary celebration last month.（上个月他参与了学校 50 周年校庆的组织工作。） （负面场景：She didn’t want to be involved in their family argument. 她不想卷入他们家里的这场争吵当中。） 4. be informed of / about被告知……；了解到……（强调 “主语通过他人传递获得某信息”，被动表 “信息的接收”） All employees will be informed of the new company policy via email next week.（所有员工下周将通过邮件获知新的公司政策。） （口语场景：I wasn’t informed about the change in the meeting location, so I arrived late. 我没有得到会议地点变更的消息，所以我就迟到了。） 5. be influenced by被…… 影响（强调 “主语的思想、行为或特征受某人 / 某事物的作用而改变”） Her love for literature was influenced by her grandmother, who often read stories to her as a child.（她对文学的热爱受祖母影响 —— 小时候祖母经常给她读故事。） （事物场景：This building’s style is influenced by ancient Roman architecture. 这座建筑的风格受到了古罗马建筑风格的影响。） 6. be injured in / by在…… 中受伤；被…… 弄伤（强调 “主语因意外、事故或外部作用导致身体受伤”） 表场景（in）：Several people were injured in the fire that broke out in the shopping mall.（商场发生火灾，有几人受伤。） 表原因（by）：He was injured by a sharp tool while working in the garage.（他在车库工作时被一把锋利的工具弄伤了。） 7. be insured against投保…… 险；为…… 投保（强调 “主语通过保险规避某风险”） All employees in this company are insured against work-related accidents.（这家公司的所有员工都投保了工伤险。） （财产场景：Their new car is insured against theft and damage. 他们的新车已购买了防盗和损坏险。） 8. be intended for为…… 设计；针对……（强调 “主语的用途、目标对象是特定人群或场景”） This training course is intended for new employees who have just joined the company.（这个培训课程是为刚入职的新员工设计的。） （用途场景：The fund is intended for helping poor families in rural areas. 这笔资金旨在帮助农村地区的贫困家庭。） J 1. be judged by被…… 评判；以…… 为标准判断（强调 “主语的价值、能力或属性通过某主体 / 标准被评估”） In a fair society, people should not be judged by their appearance but by their character and abilities.（在公平的社会里，人们不应以貌取人，而应凭品格和能力被评判。） （事物场景：The quality of the product is judged by customer satisfaction. 产品的质量是由客户满意度来评判的。） 2. be jailed for因…… 被监禁；因…… 入狱（强调 “主语因触犯法律或过错被判处监禁”） He was jailed for 5 years for committing fraud against elderly people.（他因对老年人实施诈骗，被判处 5 年监禁。） （轻罪场景：She was jailed for a week for violating traffic laws repeatedly. 她因屡次违反交通规则而被监禁了一周。） 3. be jointed with与…… 连接；与…… 接合（强调 “主语（多为物体）通过接头、接口与另一物体连接，形成整体”） The two sections of the bridge are jointed with special steel plates to ensure stability.（桥梁的两段用特殊钢板连接，以确保稳固。） （日常场景：The table legs are jointed with wooden pins, so they’re easy to disassemble. 桌子的腿是通过木制销钉连接在一起的，因此它们很容易拆卸。） 4. be jolted by①被…… 颠簸（物理层面，如交通工具突然晃动）；②被…… 震惊（情感层面，如突发消息引发的冲击） 物理层面：The bus was jolted by a large rock on the road, making passengers fall off their seats.（公交车被路上的大石头颠了一下，乘客们都从座位上摔了下来。） 情感层面：She was jolted by the news of her friend’s sudden illness—she couldn’t believe it at first.（朋友突然生病的消息让她很震惊，一开始她根本不敢相信。） 5. be jested at被…… 嘲笑；被…… 取笑（强调 “主语因某特质、行为被他人开玩笑或调侃，多含轻微贬义”） As a child, he was often jested at by his peers for his stutter, which made him very shy.（小时候，他常因口吃被同龄人嘲笑，这让他变得很内向。） （轻调侃场景：She doesn’t mind being jested at for her love of silly comedies—she thinks it’s fun. 她并不介意因为喜欢看那些荒诞喜剧而被人取笑——她觉得这很有趣。） K 1. be known for / to / as for：因…… 而闻名（强调 “主语因某特质、成就或特征被熟知”）； to：为…… 所熟知（强调 “主语在某群体中被认识，不涉及具体原因”）； as：被称为……；被认为是……（强调 “主语的身份、角色或属性”），三者功能差异显著，需严格区分。 表原因（for）：This city is known for its ancient temples and delicious street food.（这座城市因古老的寺庙和美味的街头小吃而闻名。） 表对象（to）：The singer is well known to young people, but older generations may not recognize her.（这位歌手为年轻人所熟知，但老一辈人可能不认识她。） 表身份（as）：She is known as one of the most talented writers in contemporary literature.（她被称为当代文学界最具才华的作家之一。） 2. be kept from / in / on from：被阻止……；被免于……（强调 “主语被限制，无法接触或做某事”）； in：被限制在……（强调 “主语被约束在某空间或状态内”）； on：被要求继续……；被保持在……（强调 “主语被维持某动作或状态”） 表阻止（from）：The bad weather kept us from going on the picnic.（恶劣天气让我们没能去野餐。） 表限制（in）：The naughty child was kept in his room until he apologized.（这个调皮的孩子被关在房间里，直到他道歉。） 表持续（on）：Despite feeling tired, the team was kept on working to meet the deadline.（尽管感到疲惫，团队仍被要求继续工作以赶上截止日期。） 3. be kicked out of被赶出……；被开除出……（口语化表达，强调 “主语被强制离开某场所、组织或群体”） He was kicked out of the library for talking loudly and disturbing other readers.（他因大声喧哗、打扰其他读者而被赶出图书馆。） （组织场景：She was kicked out of the team for failing to follow the coach’s instructions. 她因未能听从教练的指示而被球队开除了。） 4. be keyed to与…… 匹配；与…… 协调（强调 “主语的设置、节奏或标准与某事物保持一致”，多用于书面或技术场景） The new payment system is keyed to the needs of small businesses, making transactions faster and simpler.（新的支付系统与小企业的需求相匹配，让交易更快捷、更简单。） （技术场景：The machine’s speed is keyed to the production line’s overall rhythm. 该机器的运行速度与生产线的整体节奏相匹配。） L 1. be limited to被限制在……；仅限于……（强调 “主语的范围、数量或能力被约束在特定界限内”） The number of participants for this workshop is limited to 30 to ensure interactive discussion.（为保证互动讨论，本次研讨会的参与人数限制在 30 人以内。） （人作主语：His authority is limited to managing the marketing department, not the entire company. 他的职权仅限于管理营销部门，而非整个公司。） 2. be linked to与…… 相关联；与…… 连接（强调 “主语与另一事物存在逻辑、因果或物理上的联系”） Recent studies have shown that regular exercise is linked to a lower risk of heart disease.（近期研究表明，规律运动与较低的心脏病风险相关。） （人际关联：She is linked to the famous artist through her mother—they were college classmates. 她与那位著名的艺术家有所关联，是因为她的母亲——他们曾是大学同学。） 3. be lost in①迷失在……（物理层面，如迷路）；②沉浸在……（情感 / 精神层面，如专注、悲伤） 物理迷失：We were lost in the mountains for two hours before meeting a local guide.（我们在山里迷路了两个小时，之后才遇到一位当地向导。） 精神沉浸：She was so lost in her favorite novel that she didn’t notice the time passing.（她沉浸在心爱的小说中，完全没注意到时间流逝。） 4. be loaded with装满……；承载……（强调 “主语（容器 / 载体）被大量事物填充或承载，可指具体物品或抽象内容”） The truck was loaded with fresh vegetables and fruits to be delivered to the city market.（卡车装满了新鲜蔬果，准备运往城市市场。） （抽象场景：Her schedule is always loaded with meetings and deadlines—she rarely has time to relax. 她的日程安排总是布满了各种会议和截止日期——她几乎没有时间放松一下。） 5. be liberated from从…… 中解放出来；摆脱……（强调 “主语从压迫、束缚或不利状态中脱离，获得自由”） After years of hard work, the country was finally liberated from foreign rule.（经过多年奋斗，这个国家终于从外国统治中解放出来。） （个人场景：She felt liberated from the pressure of meeting others’ expectations after changing her job. 在换了工作之后，她感到自己不再受他人期望的束缚了。） 6. be locked in / on in：被锁在…… 里；陷入…… 中（表 “物理封闭” 或 “状态困局”）； on：锁定……（表 “注意力或目标聚焦”，如设备锁定目标），两者功能差异显著。 表封闭 / 困局（in）：I accidentally left my keys inside, so I was locked in the house for an hour.（我不小心把钥匙落在里面，所以被锁在屋里一小时。）/ The two sides are locked in a fierce debate over the policy.（双方就该政策陷入激烈争论。） 表锁定目标（on）：The missile system is locked on the enemy aircraft and ready to launch.（导弹系统已锁定敌方战机，随时准备发射。） 7. be lived in（房屋、空间）有人居住的；有生活气息的（强调 “空间因有人居住而具备‘生活化’的特征”） The old house looks small but warm—it’s clearly been lived in for many years.（这栋老房子看起来不大但很温馨，显然已经有人居住多年了。） （对比场景：The villa has been empty for years, so it’s not lived in and looks dusty. 这座别墅已经空置多年了，所以里面没人居住，看上去也十分凌乱。） 8. be labeled as被贴上…… 的标签；被归类为……（强调 “主语被他人或系统赋予某身份、属性或类别”） He was unfairly labeled as a “lazy student” just because he didn’t like traditional classroom learning.（仅仅因为不喜欢传统课堂学习，他就被不公平地贴上了 “懒学生” 的标签。） （事物归类：This chemical is labeled as toxic, so it must be stored in a sealed container. 这种化学物质被标注为有毒物质，因此必须存放在密封容器中。） M 1. be made of / from / into / by of：由…… 制成（原材料未发生化学变化，可直接识别，如木头做桌子）； from：由…… 制成（原材料发生化学变化，无法直接识别，如木头造纸）； into：被制成……（强调 “原材料转化为成品”，方向与 of/from 相反）； by：由……（人 / 机构）制造（强调 “制造者 / 生产方”），四者功能差异明确，需严格区分。 of（物理变化）：The chair is made of solid oak—you can see the wood grain.（这把椅子由实心橡木制成，能看到木纹。） from（化学变化）：Most plastics are made from petroleum, a non-renewable resource.（大多数塑料由石油制成，石油是不可再生资源。） into（转化为成品）：The recycled paper is made into notebooks and sold in local stores.（再生纸被制成笔记本，在当地商店销售。） by（制造者）：This handcrafted vase was made by a famous artisan in pottery town.（这个手工花瓶由陶艺小镇的一位知名工匠制作。） 2. be mixed with与…… 混合（强调 “主语（物质 / 事物）与另一事物融合，形成混合物”） For better flavor, the milk should be mixed with a little honey before drinking.（为了口感更好，牛奶饮用前可加少量蜂蜜混合。） （抽象场景：Her voice was mixed with surprise and joy when she heard the news. 当她听到这个消息时，她的声音中充满了惊讶和喜悦。） 3. be mistaken for被误认为……（强调 “主语因外观、特征相似而被错误归类为另一对象”） She is often mistaken for her twin sister because they look almost identical.（她经常被误认为是双胞胎妹妹，因为她们长得几乎一模一样。） （事物场景：This artificial flower is so realistic that it’s often mistaken for a real one. 这种人造花的逼真程度令人惊叹，以至于常常会被误认为是真正的花。） 4. be moved by被…… 感动（强调 “主语因某人的行为、某事物的特质而产生深刻情感触动”） We were deeply moved by the volunteers’ dedication to helping homeless people in freezing weather.（志愿者们在严寒中帮助无家可归者的奉献精神，让我们深受感动。） （事物场景：Many audience members were moved by the film’s touching ending. 许多观众都被这部电影感人的结局所打动。） 5. be marked with / by with：被标注有……（强调 “主语表面有具体的标记内容，如符号、文字”）； by：被…… 标记；以…… 为特征（强调 “标记的执行者或主语的特征标记”），两者分工明确。 with（具体内容）：Each product is marked with a unique serial number for quality tracking.（每个产品都标注有唯一的序列号，用于质量追踪。） by（执行者 / 特征）：The old tree is marked by a deep scar on its trunk—people use it as a landmark.（这棵老树的树干上有一道深深的疤痕，人们把它当作地标。） 6. be mentioned in在…… 中被提及（强调 “主语（人 / 事物）在某文本、对话、场合中被说到或提到”） His research on climate change is mentioned in several important academic journals.（他关于气候变化的研究在几本重要的学术期刊中被提及。） （对话场景：Your name was mentioned in our team meeting yesterday—everyone praised your work. 在昨天的团队会议上，有人提到了你的名字——大家都称赞你的工作表现。） 7. be met with遭遇……（反应、对待）（强调 “主语（提议、行为、消息）引发他人的特定反应或对待方式”） The government’s new policy to reduce pollution was met with widespread support from the public.（政府减少污染的新政策得到了公众的广泛支持。） （负面反应：His sudden decision to quit was met with confusion and surprise by his colleagues. 他突然做出的辞职决定让同事们感到困惑和惊讶。） 8. be motivated by被…… 激励；受…… 驱动（强调 “主语的行为、目标受某原因或动力推动”） She is motivated by a strong desire to improve the lives of children in poor areas, so she works as a volunteer teacher.（她受改善贫困地区儿童生活的强烈愿望驱动，因此成为了一名志愿教师。） （目标场景：Most athletes are motivated by the hope of winning an Olympic medal. 大多数运动员的动力来源于渴望赢得一枚奥运奖牌。） N 1. be noted for因…… 而闻名；以…… 著称（强调 “主语因某专业特质、成就或特征被关注，比 be known for 更侧重‘专业性或针对性’”） The professor is noted for his groundbreaking work in artificial intelligence.（这位教授因在人工智能领域的开创性研究而闻名。） （事物场景：This small town is noted for its well-preserved ancient architecture. 这个小镇因其保存完好的古建筑而闻名。） 2. be notified of被通知……；被告知……（强调 “主语通过正式或非正式渠道获得某信息，被动表‘信息接收’”） All residents will be notified of the upcoming water supply cut at least 48 hours in advance.（所有居民将至少提前 48 小时收到即将停水的通知。） （日常场景：I wasn’t notified of the schedule change, so I arrived at the wrong time. 我没有收到关于时间安排变动的通知，所以我到了一个错误的时间。） 3. be nominated for被提名……；被推荐……（强调 “主语因能力、资格被提名参与某奖项、职位或活动”） She was nominated for “Best Actress” at this year’s film festival for her outstanding performance in the movie.（她因在影片中的出色表演，被提名为本年度电影节 “最佳女主角”。） （组织场景：The environmental project was nominated for a national award for its contribution to pollution reduction. 该环保项目因在减少污染方面所做出的贡献而获得了国家级奖项的提名。） 4. be numbered among被归入……；被列为……（强调 “主语被归类到某群体、类别或范围中，隐含‘与该群体具备共性’”） As one of the most influential scientists of the century, he is numbered among the great minds of our time.（作为本世纪最具影响力的科学家之一，他被列为当代杰出人物。） （事物场景：This traditional craft is numbered among the intangible cultural heritages of the country. 这种传统工艺已被列为该国的非物质文化遗产之一。） 5. be named after以…… 命名（强调 “主语的名称来源于某人或某事物，表‘命名的依据’”） The new library in our school is named after a famous writer who once studied here.（我们学校的新图书馆以一位曾在此就读的著名作家命名。） （人名场景：She was named after her great-grandmother, who was a respected teacher. 她是以其曾祖母的名字来命名的，其曾祖母是一位备受尊敬的教师。） 6. be nourished by由…… 滋养；靠…… 供给（可指 “身体获得营养” 或 “精神 / 事物获得支撑”） Children are nourished by a balanced diet that includes enough protein, vitamins and minerals.（均衡的饮食（含足够蛋白质、维生素和矿物质）为儿童提供营养。） （精神场景：Her creativity is nourished by her travels to different countries and exposure to diverse cultures. 她的创造力得益于她对不同国家的旅行以及对各种文化的接触。） O 1. be occupied with / in忙于……；专注于……（强调 “主语因事务或活动而处于忙碌 / 投入状态，无空闲时间”） 接事物（with）：She has been occupied with her new project recently, so she rarely answers messages.（她最近忙于新项目，几乎不回消息。） 接活动（in）：The professor was so occupied in preparing his lecture that he forgot to eat lunch.（教授专注于准备讲座，以至于忘了吃午饭。） 2. be obsessed with痴迷于……；沉迷于……（强调 “主语对某事物 / 人产生过度关注或迷恋，难以自控”，含轻微负面或中性色彩） He is obsessed with collecting vintage cameras—he has over 50 models in his collection.（他痴迷于收集复古相机，藏品已超过 50 台。） （负面场景：She was obsessed with losing weight and barely ate anything, which worried her family. 她一心想着要减肥，几乎不吃任何东西，这让她的家人很是担心。） 3. be opposed to反对……；不赞成……（强调 “主语对某计划、观点、行为持明确反对立场”） Most residents are opposed to building a factory near the community, as it may cause pollution.（大多数居民反对在社区附近建工厂，因为这可能造成污染。） （动名词场景：She is opposed to working overtime on weekends—she thinks work-life balance is important. 她反对在周末加班——她认为工作与生活的平衡很重要。） 4. be offended by / at被…… 冒犯；因…… 生气（强调 “主语因他人的言语、行为或某事件感到被冒犯，产生不快情绪”） 接主体（by）：She was offended by his joke about her accent—it made her feel disrespected.（他拿她的口音开玩笑，这让她感到被冒犯，觉得不被尊重。） 接事件（at）：Many employees were offended at the manager’s unfair treatment of part-time workers.（经理对兼职员工的不公平对待，让很多员工感到不快。） 5. be overcome by / with被……（情绪、力量）战胜；被…… 淹没（强调 “主语被强烈的情绪或外力控制，无法抵抗”） He was overcome by grief when he heard the news of his grandmother’s passing.（听到祖母去世的消息，他被悲伤淹没。） （外力场景：The hiker was overcome with fatigue after climbing the mountain for 8 hours. 这位徒步旅行者在攀登这座山长达 8 个小时后，终于累得无法继续前行了。） 6. be owned by被…… 拥有；归…… 所有（强调 “主语的所有权归属某主体”） This historic building is owned by the local government and is open to the public for free.（这座历史建筑归当地政府所有，免费向公众开放。） （物品场景：The old piano in the living room is owned by my grandfather—he bought it in 1950. 客厅里的那架旧钢琴是我祖父的遗物——他于 1950 年购得它。） 7. be overwhelmed by / with被…… 淹没；因…… 不知所措（强调 “主语被大量事物、压力或情绪包围，难以应对”，比 be overcome 更侧重 “数量 / 压力带来的负担”） New parents are often overwhelmed with baby care tasks in the first few months.（新手父母在最初几个月里，常因照顾宝宝的琐事而不知所措。） （事物场景：The customer service center was overwhelmed by calls after the product recall announcement. 在产品召回公告发布后，客户服务中心接到了大量的来电，不堪重负。） P 1. be packed with挤满……；塞满……（强调 “主语（场所 / 容器）被人或事物填满，空间利用率极高，无多余空隙”） The subway during morning rush hour is always packed with commuters—you can barely move.（早高峰的地铁总是挤满通勤者，几乎挪不动脚。） （容器场景：The gift box is packed with chocolates and small toys for the child. 这个礼品盒里装满了巧克力和小玩具，是为这个孩子准备的。） 2. be pleased with /at/to（注：to 为不定式，非介词，仅作对比）对…… 感到满意 / 高兴（强调 “主语因某事物、事件或结果产生正面情绪”） 接事物（with）：The teacher is pleased with the progress her students have made in English.（老师对学生们在英语上的进步感到满意。） 接事件（at）：We are all pleased at the news that our team won the championship.（我们队夺冠的消息让大家都很高兴。） 3. be protected from免受…… 的伤害；被保护不接触……（强调 “主语通过保护措施，避免受到有害事物的影响”） Children should be protected from violence and harmful information in media.（应保护儿童免受暴力和媒体中有害信息的影响。） （事物场景：The ancient paintings are protected from humidity by a special glass case. 这些古老的画作被放置在一个特殊的玻璃柜中，以防止其受潮。） 4. be prepared for为…… 做好准备（强调 “主语针对某情况、事件提前做好应对的准备”） We should be prepared for unexpected challenges in life—they can happen at any time.（我们应做好应对生活中突发挑战的准备，它们随时可能发生。） （组织场景：The emergency team is prepared for natural disasters like earthquakes and floods. 应急小组已做好应对地震和洪水等自然灾害的准备。） 5. be provided with被提供……；配备有……（强调 “主语从外部获得所需的事物或资源”） All students in this school are provided with free textbooks and school supplies.（这所学校的所有学生都能获得免费教材和学习用品。） （事物场景：The meeting room is provided with a projector and a whiteboard for presentations. 会议室配备了投影仪和白板，用于演示展示。） 6. be punished for因…… 而受罚（强调 “主语因做错事、违反规则或法律而受到惩罚”） Anyone who breaks traffic rules will be punished for their behavior—this ensures road safety.（任何违反交通规则的人都会因自身行为受罚，这是为了保障道路安全。） （日常场景：The child was punished for not finishing his homework on time.） 7. be puzzled by被…… 困惑；对…… 感到不解（强调 “主语因某事物、问题或行为难以理解而困惑”） I was puzzled by her sudden silence—she had been talking happily just a minute ago.（我对她突然沉默感到困惑，一分钟前她还在愉快地聊天。） （问题场景：Many scientists are puzzled by the mystery of black holes—there’s still much to learn. 许多科学家对黑洞这一神秘现象感到困惑——还有很多未知之处有待探索。） Q 1. be quenched with①（口渴）被…… 解渴；②（火焰、欲望）被…… 熄灭 / 满足（强调 “主语的需求或状态通过某事物得到缓解”） 解渴场景：After hiking for hours, his thirst was quenched with a bottle of cold mineral water.（徒步几小时后，一瓶冰镇矿泉水解了他的渴。） 灭火 / 满足场景：The small fire was quenched with a wet blanket before it spread.（小火被湿毯子扑灭，未造成蔓延。）/ Her desire for knowledge was quenched with countless books.（无数书籍满足了她对知识的渴望。） 2. be questioned about被询问关于……；被质问关于……（强调 “主语因某事件、行为或想法被他人提问，含‘了解信息’或‘质疑’的意味”） The witness was questioned about the details of the robbery by the detective—she had seen the suspect clearly.（侦探询问证人抢劫案的细节，她清楚地看到了嫌疑人。） （日常场景：Students are often questioned about their understanding of the lesson by teachers.） 3. be quoted in / by①（言论、文字）在…… 中被引用；②被……（人 / 机构）引用（强调 “主语的观点或文字被他人引用到某载体或被某主体引用”） 表载体（in）：The professor’s view on climate change was quoted in a leading environmental magazine last month.（这位教授关于气候变化的观点，上月被一家主流环保杂志引用。） 表主体（by）：This famous line from the novel has been quoted by many writers in their works.（这本小说中的经典台词，被许多作家在自己的作品中引用。） R 1. be related to与…… 相关；和…… 有亲属关系（强调 “主语与另一事物 / 人存在逻辑关联或血缘联系”） 逻辑关联：The increase in air pollution is closely related to the growth of car ownership.（空气污染加剧与汽车保有量增长密切相关。） 亲属关系：She is related to the famous writer—they are cousins.（她和那位著名作家有亲属关系，两人是表姐妹。） 2. be replaced by / with被…… 取代；被…… 替换（强调 “主语的功能或位置被另一事物 / 人替代”） Traditional textbooks in some schools are gradually being replaced by digital learning materials.（部分学校的传统教材正逐渐被数字化学习资料取代。） （人作主语：The old manager was replaced with a more experienced one last month. 上个月，那位老经理被一位更有经验的人取代了。） 3. be relaxed about对…… 态度放松；不介意……（强调 “主语对某事物不紧张、不严格，持宽容态度”） She is relaxed about her children’s homework—she thinks they should have more free time.（她对孩子的作业态度很放松，认为他们应该有更多自由时间。） （动名词场景：Most people are relaxed about dressing casually on weekends. 大多数人在周末穿着随意这件事上都比较放松。） 4. be reminded of被提醒……；使想起……（强调 “主语因某事物 / 人而回忆起过去的事或联想到相关内容”） The old song on the radio reminded her of the summer she spent with her grandparents.（收音机里的老歌让她想起了和祖父母一起度过的那个夏天。） （提醒场景：I was reminded of the meeting by my assistant—otherwise I would have forgotten. 我的助手让我想起了那次会议——否则我肯定会忘记的。） 5. be required to被要求……；必须……（强调 “主语依据规则、法律或他人要求，需要做某事”） All employees are required to attend the safety training session next Monday.（所有员工必须参加下周一的安全培训课。） （事物场景：Food products are required to display their ingredients and expiration dates. 食品必须标明其成分和保质期。） 6. be reserved for为…… 预留；保留给……（强调 “主语（资源 / 空间）被预先保留，供特定对象使用”） These front-row seats are reserved for guests of honor—please don’t sit here.（这些前排座位是为贵宾预留的，请不要就座。） （用途场景：A small part of the budget is reserved for unexpected expenses. 预算中预留了一小部分资金用于应对突发的意外费用。） 7. be rewarded for因…… 而获得奖励；因…… 而受表彰（强调 “主语因某行为、成就而得到正面回报”） She was rewarded for her outstanding contribution to the company with a promotion and a bonus.（她因对公司的杰出贡献而获得晋升和奖金奖励。） （日常场景：Children are often rewarded for good behavior, like finishing their chores. 孩子们通常会因为表现出良好的行为而受到奖励，比如完成家务活。） 8. be ridden with充斥着……；充满……（强调 “主语被大量负面事物困扰或占据，含强烈负面色彩”） The old building is ridden with safety problems—its walls are cracking and the electrical system is outdated.（这栋老建筑充斥着安全隐患，墙面开裂且电力系统老旧。） （人作主语：He was ridden with guilt after lying to his parents. 他因对父母撒谎而深感内疚。） 9. be ruled by被…… 统治；受…… 支配（强调 “主语（国家 / 人）受某政权、力量或情绪的控制”） This country was ruled by a monarchy for over 300 years before becoming a republic.（这个国家在成为共和国前，被君主制统治了 300 多年。） （人作主语：He is not ruled by money—he cares more about personal happiness. 他不受金钱的支配——他更看重个人的幸福。） S 1. be satisfied with对…… 感到满意（强调 “主语对事物、结果或他人表现符合预期而产生正面情绪”） The customer is satisfied with the quality of the product—she decided to buy another one.（顾客对产品质量很满意，决定再买一件。） 2. be surprised at / by对…… 感到惊讶（强调 “主语因意外事物、事件而产生意外情绪”） We were all surprised at how quickly he learned to play the guitar—he’d never touched one before.（我们都对他学吉他的速度感到惊讶，他之前从未接触过。） 3. be scared of / by害怕……（强调 “主语因危险、未知事物或突发情况产生恐惧”） She is scared of spiders, so she never cleans the corner of her room alone.（她害怕蜘蛛，从不独自清理房间角落。） （突发场景：The child was scared by the fireworks’ loud noise and hid behind his mom. 孩子被烟花的巨大声响吓到了，于是躲到了妈妈身后。） 4. be shocked by / at被…… 震惊（强调 “主语因极端、负面或超出认知的事物产生强烈情绪冲击，程度比 surprised 深”） Everyone was shocked by the news of the famous actor’s sudden death—no one expected it.（著名演员突然去世的消息让所有人震惊，没人预料到。） 5. be stuck in被困在……；陷入……（强调 “主语因外部阻碍无法移动或摆脱困境”） We were stuck in a traffic jam for two hours on our way to the airport—we almost missed the flight.（去机场的路上我们堵了两小时，差点误机。） （抽象场景：He is stuck in a boring job and wants to quit but has no other options. 他被困在一份枯燥的工作中，想要辞职，但又没有其他选择。） 6. be surrounded by被…… 包围（强调 “主语被人或事物从四周环绕”） The little girl was surrounded by her classmates when she won the singing competition—everyone wanted to congratulate her.（小女孩赢得歌唱比赛后被同学们围住，大家都想祝贺她。） 7. be shut in / by in：被关在…… 里（表 “封闭在空间内”）； by：被…… 关闭（表 “关闭的执行者”），分工明确。 表空间（in）：He was shut in his room by his mom because he didn’t finish his homework.（他因没完成作业被妈妈关在房间里。） 表执行者（by）：The door was shut by a strong gust of wind, and we couldn’t open it.（门被一阵强风吹关了，我们打不开。） 8. be soaked with被…… 湿透（强调 “主语被液体完全浸湿”） After walking in the rain without an umbrella, his coat was soaked with water.（没带伞在雨中走后，他的外套被雨水湿透了。） 9. be separated from与…… 分离；被从…… 分开（强调 “主语与原本关联的对象被强制或自然分开”） The mother was separated from her child in the crowded supermarket, but they were reunited with the help of staff.（妈妈在拥挤的超市里和孩子走散了，好在工作人员帮忙找到了彼此。） 10. be stolen by被…… 偷走（强调 “主语（物品）被他人非法占有”） My bike was stolen by a thief last night—it was parked right outside my apartment.（我的自行车昨晚被偷了，就停在公寓外面。） 11. be solved by被…… 解决（强调 “主语（问题、难题）被人或方法处理并解决”） The math problem that confused all students was solved by the teacher in five minutes.（让所有学生困惑的数学题，老师五分钟就解出来了。） （方法场景：The environmental problem can be solved by reducing plastic waste and planting more trees. 环境问题可以通过减少塑料废弃物以及增加植树来解决。） 12. be supposed to应该……；被期望……（强调 “主语依据规则、习俗或他人期望，需要做某事”） You are supposed to arrive at the office before 9 a.m.—it’s one of the company’s rules.（你应该早上 9 点前到办公室，这是公司规定之一。） 13. be saved from从…… 中被拯救；免于……（强调 “主语从危险、灾难或负面结果中被解救”） The cat was saved from the burning house by a brave firefighter—its owner was very grateful.（勇敢的消防员从着火的房子里救出了猫，猫主人非常感激。） T 1. be taken with / by with：被…… 吸引；对…… 喜爱（强调 “主语因事物的特质、人的魅力产生好感”）； by：被…… 带走；被…… 占据（强调 “主语被强制带走，或注意力 / 时间被事物占据”），两者含义完全不同。 表吸引（with）：She was immediately taken with the small town’s quiet and beautiful streets.（她一眼就被小镇宁静美丽的街道吸引了。） 表带走 / 占据（by）：The suspect was taken by the police for further questioning.（嫌疑人被警方带走接受进一步询问。）/ His afternoons are always taken by meetings.（他的下午总是被会议占据。） 2. be terrified of / by被…… 吓坏；对…… 极度恐惧（程度比 be scared of 更深，强调 “强烈的恐惧情绪”） 长期恐惧（of）：He has been terrified of heights since he fell from a tree as a kid.（他小时候从树上摔下来后，就一直极度恐高。） 即时恐惧（by）：The little girl was terrified by the dog’s loud barking and started crying.（小狗的狂吠把小女孩吓坏了，她哭了起来。） 3. be touched by被…… 感动（强调 “主语因他人的善意、行为或事物的温暖而产生内心触动”） We were all touched by the elderly man’s decision to donate all his savings to charity.（老人决定把所有积蓄捐给慈善机构，我们都被感动了。） 4. be trapped in被困在……；陷入……（强调 “主语因物理阻碍或抽象困境无法脱离，比 be stuck in 更侧重‘被动被困’”） A group of hikers was trapped in the mountain by heavy snow—rescuers arrived 6 hours later.（一群徒步者被大雪困在山里，救援人员 6 小时后赶到。） （抽象场景：Many young people feel trapped in boring jobs but dare not quit. 许多年轻人被困在枯燥的工作中，却又不敢辞职。） 5. be taken up by被…… 占据（时间、空间、注意力）（强调 “主语的时间或资源被某事物占用，无剩余”） Most of her free time is taken up by volunteer work at the animal shelter.（她大部分空闲时间都被动物收容所的志愿工作占据了。） （空间场景：The small room is taken up by a large bookshelf—there’s barely any space to move. 这个小房间里摆满了一个巨大的书架，以至于几乎没有空间可以走动了。） 6. be treated with / by被（用）……对待 表方式（with）：All employees should be treated with fairness and respect, regardless of their position.（所有员工都应受到公平和尊重的对待，无论职位高低。） 表执行者（by）：The patient was treated by a top specialist in cardiology—his condition improved quickly.（这位病人由心脏科顶级专家治疗，病情很快好转。） 7. be trusted with被托付……；被信任负责……（强调 “主语因可靠而被赋予重要事物或任务”） She is a responsible assistant, so she is often trusted with important documents and meetings.（她是个负责任的助理，所以经常被托付重要文件和会议的安排。） 8. be turned into被变成……；被转化为……（强调 “主语的形态、性质或用途发生根本性改变”） The old factory was turned into a modern art museum after two years of renovation.（经过两年翻新，这座旧工厂被改造成了一座现代艺术博物馆。） （抽象场景：A small mistake can be turned into a big problem if it’s not fixed in time. 如果不能及时纠正，一个小错误就可能会演变成一个大问题。） 9. be taught by被…… 教；由…… 教授（强调 “主语的知识、技能由某人传授”） He was taught by a famous pianist when he was a child—that’s why he plays so well.（他小时候由一位著名钢琴家授课，所以弹得这么好。） U 1. be unnoticed by被…… 忽视；未被…… 注意到（强调 “主语因不显眼或被忽略，未进入某主体的视线”） Her small act of kindness was unnoticed by most people, but it made a big difference to the homeless man.（她的小小善举没被大多数人注意到，但对那个流浪汉来说意义重大。） （事物场景：The hidden risk in the project was unnoticed by the team until it caused a problem. 该项目中的潜在风险直到出现问题时，团队成员才意识到。） 2. be unused to不习惯……；不适应……（强调 “主语对某事物、环境或行为缺乏适应能力，因不熟悉而感到陌生”） He grew up in the south, so he is unused to the freezing winter in the north.（他在南方长大，不习惯北方寒冷的冬天。） （行为场景：She is unused to speaking in front of large crowds, so she gets nervous easily. 她不习惯在众多观众面前讲话，所以很容易紧张起来。） 3. be united with / in with：与…… 联合；与…… 团聚（强调 “主语与另一对象在实体或目标上结合，或人之间的团聚”）； in：在…… 方面一致；在…… 上团结（强调 “主语在观点、目标或行动上达成共识，形成统一”），两者功能差异显著。 表联合 / 团聚（with）：After years of separation, the family was finally united with their long-lost daughter.（分离多年后，这家人终于和失散的女儿团聚了。） 表一致（in）：All team members are united in their goal of winning the championship this year.（所有队员在 “今年夺冠” 的目标上达成一致，团结一致。） 4. be updated with被更新为……；获得…… 的最新信息（强调 “主语（人 / 事物）获取最新内容，或事物的版本、数据得到更新”） You can be updated with the latest weather forecast by checking the app every morning.（每天早上查看这个 APP，你就能获取最新的天气预报。） （事物场景：The database is updated with new user information every 24 hours to ensure accuracy. 该数据库每 24 小时会更新一次新的用户信息，以确保数据的准确性。） 5. be upgraded to被升级到……（强调 “主语（事物 / 服务）的等级、功能、版本得到提升，达到更高水平”） The old operating system was upgraded to the latest version, which fixes many security bugs.（旧操作系统被升级到最新版本，修复了许多安全漏洞。） （服务场景：His membership was upgraded to VIP status because he has spent a lot on the platform. 他的会员资格被提升到了贵宾级别，因为他在该平台上消费颇多。） 6. be persuaded into被说服做……（强调 “主语在他人劝说下，改变原有想法并采取某行动”） She was initially against the plan, but she was persuaded into supporting it after hearing the detailed explanation.（她起初反对这个计划，但听完详细解释后，被说服支持它了。） （对比：He was persuaded to attend the meeting. / He was persuaded into attending the meeting.） 7. be unlinked from与…… 无关联；与…… 解绑（强调 “主语与某事物原本的关联被切断，不再有联系”） After the security check, the suspicious account was unlinked from all connected devices to prevent further risks.（安全检查后，该可疑账号被与所有关联设备解绑，以避免后续风险。） （概念场景：This new theory is unlinked from the traditional framework—it proposes a completely different explanation. 这一新理论与传统框架毫无关联——它提出了一个截然不同的解释方案。） 8. be underestimated by被…… 低估（强调 “主语的能力、价值或重要性未被某主体正确认识，被判定为低于实际水平”） Her creative potential was underestimated by her former boss, so she left the company and started her own successful design studio.（她的创新潜力被前老板低估，于是她离开公司，创办了自己的成功设计工作室。） （事物场景：The environmental impact of this new policy was underestimated by the government—it caused more pollution than expected. 这项新政策对环境的影响被政府低估了——其造成的污染程度比预期的要严重得多。） 9. be unlocked with用…… 解锁（强调 “主语（锁、设备、系统）通过某工具或方式被打开，解除锁定状态”） The smart door can be unlocked with either a password, a fingerprint, or a mobile app—very convenient for families.（这扇智能门可以用密码、指纹或手机 APP 解锁，对家庭来说很方便。） （文件场景：The encrypted file can only be unlocked with the unique key provided by the system administrator. 该加密文件只能通过系统管理员提供的唯一密钥进行解锁。） 10. be unburdened of卸下…… 的负担；摆脱…… 的重压（强调 “主语从某负担、责任或负面事物中解脱出来，获得轻松”） After delegating some tasks to her team, she was finally unburdened of the heavy workload that had stressed her for months.（把部分任务交给团队后，她终于卸下了压了她几个月的繁重工作负担。） （情感场景：Talking to her best friend helped her be unburdened of the guilt she’d felt for years. 与她最好的朋友交谈帮助她摆脱了多年来一直萦绕心头的愧疚感。） V 1. be vaccinated against接种…… 疫苗；为预防…… 而接种（强调 “主语通过接种疫苗，获得对特定疾病的防护”） Children under 5 are recommended to be vaccinated against measles to prevent the spread of the disease.（建议 5 岁以下儿童接种麻疹疫苗，以防止疾病传播。） （动物场景：All dogs in the community must be vaccinated against rabies by law. 根据法律规定，社区内的所有犬只都必须接种狂犬病疫苗。） 2. be valued for因…… 而被重视；凭借…… 获得认可（强调 “主语的特质、能力或价值因某方面突出而被肯定”） She is highly valued for her ability to solve complex problems quickly—her colleagues often turn to her for help.（她因能快速解决复杂问题而备受重视，同事们经常向她求助。） （事物场景：Handmade products are valued for their uniqueness in an era of mass production. 在大规模生产的时代，手工制品因其独特性而备受推崇。） 3. be viewed as被视为……；被看作……（强调 “主语在他人或公众认知中，被归类为某身份、类型或性质”） Online learning was once viewed as a secondary option, but it has become mainstream after the pandemic.（在线学习曾被视为次要选择，但疫情后已成为主流。） （人作主语：He is viewed as a reliable leader by his team because he always keeps his promises. 他的团队成员都认为他是一位可靠的领导者，因为他向来都能信守诺言。） 4. be victimized by被…… 伤害；受…… 侵害（强调 “主语（人或群体）因不公、暴力或剥削而成为受害者”） Many elderly people are victimized by financial scams because they lack awareness of fraud prevention.（许多老年人因缺乏防骗意识，成为金融诈骗的受害者。） （社会场景：Workers in this industry are often victimized by long working hours and low pay. 该行业的工人常常遭受长时间工作和低薪的双重困扰。） 5. be violated by被…… 违反；被…… 侵犯（强调 “主语（规则、权利、边界）被他人或行为破坏，失去原有效力或完整性”） The patient’s right to privacy was violated by the hospital when his medical records were leaked to the public.（医院将患者病历泄露给公众，侵犯了其隐私权。） （规则场景：The school’s dress code was violated by several students who wore inappropriate clothing. 该校的着装规定被几名学生违反了，他们穿了不合规定的服装。） 6. be venerated for因…… 而被崇敬；受…… 敬仰（强调 “主语（人或事物）因卓越成就、高尚品质或深远影响而获得高度尊重，语气比 be valued for 更正式、庄重”） The ancient philosopher is venerated for his wisdom that still guides people’s lives today.（这位古代哲学家因智慧而被崇敬，其思想至今仍指导着人们的生活。） （事物场景：This ancient temple is venerated for its role in preserving the local culture for centuries. 这座古老的寺庙因其数百年来在保护当地文化方面所发挥的作用而备受尊崇。） W 1. be wrapped in被包裹在…… 里；笼罩在…… 中（强调 “主语（物体 / 人）被某物物理包裹，或被抽象状态（如氛围）笼罩”） The baby was wrapped in a soft cotton blanket to keep warm on the cold night.（寒冷的夜晚，宝宝被裹在柔软的棉毯里保暖。） （抽象场景：The small village was wrapped in silence at midnight—only the sound of crickets could be heard. 午夜时分，这个小村庄陷入了一片寂静之中——除了蟋蟀的叫声，再无其他声响。） 2. be worn out by / from被…… 耗尽（体力 / 精力 / 物品寿命）；因…… 磨损（强调 “主语因长期使用或消耗，失去原有功能或活力”） 人作主语：He was worn out from working 12 hours straight—he fell asleep as soon as he got home.（他连续工作 12 小时，累得到家就睡着了。） 事物作主语：This old sofa is worn out by years of use, but we still keep it because of its memories.（这张旧沙发用了多年已磨损，但我们因情怀仍保留着。） 3. be worried about为…… 担心；担忧……（强调 “主语因某事物的不确定性或潜在风险，产生焦虑情绪”） Parents are always worried about their children’s safety when they go out alone at night.（孩子晚上独自外出时，父母总会担心他们的安全。） （动名词场景：She is worried about failing the exam—she hasn’t studied enough.） 4. be warned of / about被警告……；被提醒注意……（强调 “主语被他人告知某风险、危险或问题，提前做好防范”） Hikers are warned of the possible landslides in the mountain area after heavy rain.（大雨后，徒步者被警告山区可能发生滑坡。） （口语场景：I was warned about the traffic jam on this road by a local driver.） 5. be wasted on浪费在…… 上（强调 “主语（时间、金钱、精力等资源）花费在不值得的对象上，未产生价值”） Don’t let your precious time be wasted on meaningless arguments—focus on what really matters.（别让宝贵的时间浪费在无意义的争论上，专注于真正重要的事。） （金钱场景：A lot of money was wasted on this project, but it didn’t bring any profit. 在这个项目上投入了大量资金，但却没有带来任何收益。） 6. be welcomed by被…… 欢迎；受到…… 的欢迎（强调 “主语（人、事物、想法）得到某群体的积极接纳和欢迎”） The new teacher was warmly welcomed by the students—she brought interesting teaching methods.（新老师受到学生们的热烈欢迎，她带来了有趣的教学方法。） （事物场景：Renewable energy projects are welcomed by environmental organizations for reducing carbon emissions. 可再生能源项目受到环保组织的欢迎，因为它们有助于减少碳排放。） 7. be written by由…… 撰写；被…… 写（强调 “主语（作品）的创作归属，即作者身份”） This classic novel was written by a female writer who lived in the 19th century.（这本经典小说由一位生活在 19 世纪的女作家撰写。） （区分场景：The letter was written in pencil by my grandfather.） 8. be wronged by被…… 冤枉；受…… 委屈（强调 “主语因他人的误解、不公对待而被错误指责，权益受损”） He was wronged by his boss for a mistake he didn’t make—he quit the job in anger.（他因没犯的错被老板冤枉，愤怒地辞职了。） （日常场景：Many children feel wronged by their parents when they are blamed without evidence. 许多孩子会因父母在没有证据的情况下对他们进行指责而感到被冤枉。） Y 1. be yielded to被屈服于；被让步于（强调 “主语（多为抽象需求、压力、权利）被他人认可并让步，成为优先考虑的对象”） After days of protests, the government’s original plan was yielded to the public’s demand for a more environmentally friendly policy.（经过数日抗议，政府的原计划让位于公众对更环保政策的需求。） （权利场景：The basic rights of citizens should never be yielded to any illegal interests. 公民的基本权利绝不应屈从于任何非法利益。） 2. be yoked to被束缚于；被关联于（“yoke” 本指 “牛轭”，引申为 “强制绑定或限制”，强调 “主语被某事物（责任、传统、另一事物）约束，无法自由脱离”） He felt yoked to his family’s traditional business—he wanted to pursue his own career in art but had to take over the company.（他觉得自己被家族的传统生意束缚，虽想追求艺术事业，却不得不接手公司。） （事物关联：The two projects are yoked to the same budget, so if one overspends, the other will be affected. 这两个项目共用同一个预算，所以如果其中一个项目超支，另一个项目也会受到影响。） 3. be yelled at被（某人）大喊大叫；被斥责（强调 “主语因某事被他人用大声、愤怒的语气指责，属于日常互动中的负面场景”） The student was yelled at by his teacher for cheating in the exam—he felt embarrassed and regretful.（这个学生因考试作弊被老师大喊斥责，他既尴尬又后悔。） （日常场景：She hates being yelled at, even if she makes a small mistake—she prefers calm communication. 她讨厌被人大声呵斥，即便她只是犯了个小错误也是如此——她更倾向于以平和的方式交流。） Z 1. be zipped up with（衣物、容器等）用…… 拉链拉上；被…… 拉链封闭（强调 “主语通过特定类型的拉链实现封闭，with 表拉链工具或方式”） The child’s winter jacket is zipped up with a colorful plastic zipper that’s easy for small hands to use.（孩子的冬衣用的是彩色塑料拉链，小手容易拉合，已经拉好了。） （容器场景：The suitcase was zipped up with a heavy-duty metal zipper to keep the contents secure during travel. 这个手提箱用了一种坚固耐用的金属拉链来密封，以确保旅行过程中物品的安全。） 2. be zoned for（区域）被规划为…… 用途；划分为…… 功能区（强调 “主语（土地、区域）根据城市规划或政策，被指定为特定用途，如商业、住宅、工业”） This piece of land on the edge of the city is zoned for residential use—no commercial buildings will be allowed here.（城市边缘的这片土地被规划为住宅用途，不允许建设商业建筑。） （政策场景：The old industrial area is being redeveloped and zoned for mixed use, including shops, offices, and apartments. 这个老旧的工业区正在进行重新开发，并被规划为多功能区域，其中包括商店、办公室和公寓。） 3. be zapped by①被…… 电击；②被…… 快速影响 / 冲击（“zap” 本义为 “电击”，引申为 “快速、突然的影响”，如能量冲击、信息冲击） 物理电击：He was zapped by a small electric current when he touched the faulty wire—luckily, it wasn’t dangerous.（他碰到故障电线时被轻微电击了一下，幸好不严重。） 抽象影响：I was zapped by the amount of work waiting for me when I returned to the office after vacation—there were hundreds of emails!（度假回来后，我被办公室堆积的工作吓到了 —— 竟然有几百封邮件！） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $