2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册各单元知识点梳理

本讲义系统梳理新人教版八年级下册各单元核心知识点，涵盖词汇多义辨析（如programming的动词/名词用法）、语法结构（如spend/take/cost/pay辨析、It's + adj. + of/for sb. to do sth.句型）、短语搭配（如give up, deal with）等，通过递进式学习支架构建从基础词汇到语境应用的知识脉络。 该资料特色在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过语境化练习（如用scared/afraid/scary完成句子）提升语言理解表达能力，借助词汇对比（如alone/lonely）培养分析比较思维。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后练习题及答案助力学生自主检测，有效查漏补缺，强化学习能力。

新人教版八年级下册各单元知识点梳理 Unit1 Section A 1.programming编程 （1）v.编写程序 （2）n. ①（电视、广播等）节目 常与on/about连用 ②（计算机领域的）程序 ③ 项目，计划，方案 Exercises • This new program helps users edit photos more quickly. ______________ • The fitness program helped him lose 5 kilos in a month. ______________ • In this class, students will learn how to program. ______________ • Did you see that program on cooking last night? ______________ 程序；方案；编程；节目 2.express v.表达；表示 ①express sth to sb向某人表达某事 ②express oneself表达自己的想法/感情 Exercises （1）你可以帮助父母做家务来表达你对他们的感谢。 You can help your parents with housework to________ ________ ________ ________ ________. （2）当你不赞同别人的意见时，你应该用礼貌的方式表达自己的观点。 You should ________ ________ in a polite way when you disagree with others. （1） express your thanks to them （2）express yourself 3.Fu Xing used to be scared of water, but she started swimming to get over her fear. scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌的→___________adj.害怕的（同义词） ①be scared of sb./sth.害怕某人/某物 ②be scared of doing sth.害怕做某事 ③be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事 ④be scared + that从句 害怕⋯⋯ 注意：这些结构中的scared均可换为afraid，但afraid可用于“I'm afraid so/not”,scared则不能。 Exercises （1）这个小男孩害怕过马路。 The little boy ________ ________ ________ ________ the road. （2）我怕自己考试会不及格。 I'm ________I'll fail the exam. （3）他有恐高症。 He________ ________ ________ heights. （4）不要害怕开口求人。 Don't ________ ________ ________ ________ for help. （1） is scared to cross （2）scared （3）is scared of （4）be scared of asking 辨析scare，scared与scary scare v.&n. 害怕；恐惧 scared adj.害怕的 用于形容人的感受 scary adj.吓人的 用于描述事物的特征 Exercises 那只吓人的蜘蛛吓了孩子们一跳，所以他们害怕进那个房间。 The ________ spider gives the kids a ________, so they are ________ to enter the room. scary；scare；scared 4.What are you up to？ up to的用法 ①正在做，相当于doing ②由某人决定 ③达到（某数量、程度等）；至少有 ④直到 Exercises •The temperature went up to 35°C. ______________ • The store is open up to 9 p.m. on weekends. ______________ • The kids are being very quiet—what do you think they're up to？ ______________ •—Shall we eat out or stay in？ —I's up to you. ______________ 到达；直到；正在做，取决于 5. It's a poem by Li Bai. poem n.诗→___________n.诗人→___________n.诗歌；诗集 辨析poem与poetry poem 可数名词 表示单篇作品 poetry 不可数名词 指诗的总称或诗歌这一文学形式 Exercises 李明深爱诗歌这一文学形式。他最喜欢的诗人是李白，李白写了许多优美的诗。 Li Ming has a deep love for ___________. His favourite ___________ is Li Bai who wrote lots of beautiful ___________. poetry；poet；poems 6.When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising single strokes. 辨析spend, take, cost 与pay 动词 常用结构 spend Sb. spends time/ money on sth. 某人在某事/物上花费时间/金钱 Sb. spends time/ money doing sth. 某人花费时间/金钱做某事 take It takes (sb. ) some time to do sth. 做某事花费（某人）多长时间 cost Sth. costs sb. money.某物花费某人多少钱 pay Sb. pays money for sth. 某人某物支付多少钱 Exercises 我花了很长时间才找到这种自行车。这辆自行车花了我两百多美元，但我很乐意买，因为周末我可以骑着它锻炼。 _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ It took me a long time to find this kind of bike. This bike cost me over 200 dollars, but I was glad to pay for it, because I could spend my weekends riding it for exercise. 7.It's difficult, but he always encourages me not to give up. 有关give的短语 give up___________ give away___________ give out___________ give in___________ 放弃；捐赠；分发；屈服 “动词+up”构成的其他常见短语： cheer up___________ put up___________ dress up___________ set up___________ get up___________ show up___________ grow up___________ stay up___________ look up___________ wake up___________ pick up___________ take up___________ 使振作起来；张贴；穿上盛装；建立；起床；出现；长大；熬夜；查阅；醒来；拿起；开始做 8.I can teach you to play a song in return. return的用法 ①n. & v. 回来；归还 in return（for sth. ）作（对⋯的）回报 ②回来；返回相当于go/come back return to +地点名词 return +地点副词 返回某地 ③归还 return sth. to sb. = give sth. back to sb. 归还给某人 Exercises （1）我要把这本书还给汤姆。 I'm going to________ ________ ________ ________ ________. = I'm going to________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. （2）感谢你帮忙，我请你吃午饭好吗？ Can I buy you lunch________ ________for your help? （3）参观完博物馆后，他们乘地铁回家了。 After finishing visiting the museum, they________ ________ by subway. （1） return this book to Tom； give this book back to Tom （2）in return （3）returned home 9.It’s a deal. deal的用法 1）n.交易；协议 ① make a deal（with sb.）（和某人）达成协议 ② it's a deal 就这么办/成交 2）v.对付 deal with =do with 应付；处理；解决 3）n.大量；许多 a good/great deal of，常用于修饰不可数名词。 Exercises （1）AI 可以制订个性化学习计划，帮助解决孩子们的困难。 AI can make personal learning plans to help ________ ________ children's difficulties. （2）这两家公司达成了协议。 The two companies ________ ________ ________. （3）中国种植了大量的棉花，主要集中在西部地区。 China grows________ ________ ________ ________cotton, mostly in the western areas. （1）deal with （2）make a deal （3）a great deal of 10.How do you usually feel when you manage to do something difficult？ （1）manage的用法 ①完成困难的事 ②管理；负责（公司、队伍、组织等） ③明智地使用（金钱、时间、信息等） Exercises •I finally managed to push the huge box away. ______________ • Zhang Hua, our monitor, is organized and thoughtful enough to manage time well. _________ （2）辨析manage to do sth. 与 try to do sth. manage to do sth “设法做成某事”，强调通过努力达到了目的，结果是成功的。 try to do sth “尽力做某事”强调过程，结果不一定是成功的。 Exercises 1.我尽力解答这道数学题，但我失败了。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.费了很大劲，他们成功把风筝拿回来了。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.I tried to solve the math problem, but I failed. 2.With much difficulty,they managed to get back the kite. （3）manage v.管理→___________ n.管理者→___________ n.管理；经营 manager ；management Exercises 他父亲是一个管理者。他管理着一家广告公司。他擅长管理。 His father is a ___________.He___________an advertising company. He does well in ___________. manager ；manages；management 11.How did you get into painting? get into ①开始做某事；进入 ②“处于（某种情形）；养成（某种习惯）” Exercises • It's never too late to get into a new sport. ___________ • Nobody wants to get into trouble. ___________ • My brother got into Chinese chess last year. ___________ • He got into the habit of reading before going to bed. ___________ 开始做；处于某种情形；开始做；养成某种习惯 12.My parents told me not to push myself too hard. push的用法 ①督促；鞭策push oneself too hard 把自己逼得太紧 push sb. to do sth. 督促/鞭策某人做某事 ②推 反义词是pull“拉” ③按下（按钮、开关等）同义词是 press Exercises • I got in and pushed the button for the fourth floor. ___________ • Just relax. Don't push yourself so hard. ___________ • A healthy competitive spirit can push people to try to be better. ___________ • He tried to push the heavy door open. ___________ 按下；逼；督促；推 13. chat ①chat with sb. 与某人闲聊 ②chat about sb./sth. 聊起某人/某事 ③have a chat with sb. = chat with sb. 与某人聊天 Exercises (1)他不知道如何和别人聊天。 • He doesn't know how to _______ _______ _______. (2)他们经常聊他们的爱好。 • They often _______ _______ _______ _______. (3)跟你聊天很有趣。 • It is fun _______ _______ _______ _______ _______. (1) chat with others (2)chat about their hobbies (3)having a chat with you Unit1 Section B 1.stress n.精神压力；紧张 作不可数名词，与其相关的用法有： emotional/mental stress_____________ reduce/relieve stress_____________ suffer from stress_____________ under stress_____________ cause stress_____________ deal with stress_____________ 情感/精神压力；减轻/缓解压力；承受压力；在压力之下；引起压力；应付压力 stress n.精神压力→___________ adj.焦虑不安的→__________ adj.压力重的；紧张的 stressed；stressful Exercises 当今的生活压力很大。当我们感到焦虑不安时，我们应该做些事情来减轻压力。 Life today can be very___________. When we feel___________, we should do something to reduce ___________. stressful；stressed；stress 2. such as/for example例如 辨析such as 与 for example 短语 相同点 不同点 such as 均表示部分列举，列举对象通常为同类的人或事物。 常位于列举对象之前，列举对象可以是名词（短语）或动词-ing（短语）。 for example 常用逗号与列举对象隔开，可位于列举对象之前或之后。列举对象可以是名词（短语）、动词-ing（短语），还可以是句子。 Exercises (1)我想养个宠物，比如一只猫。 I’d like to keep a pet,__________ __________ , a cat. (2)你可以帮忙做一些家务，例如，洗碗是一个不错的选择。 You can help do some housework,__________ __________,doing the dishes is a good choice. (3)在俱乐部里，你可以学习演奏不同种类的乐器，比如吉他、小提琴和鼓。 In the club, you can learn to play different kinds of instruments, __________ __________ guitar, violin and drums. for example；for example；such as 3.object ①n.物体；物品 ②n.宾语 ③n.目标；目的=goal=aim ④v.不赞成；反对 Exercises •The object of the game is to improve children's maths skills. __________ •Tom objected to leaving his daughter at home. __________ •The Monkey King is not a normal monkey. He can turn himself into different animals and objects. __________ 目的；反对；物品 4.sb find it +adj.+to do sth.某人发现做某事是……的 该结构中，it作 find的形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语。可用于此结构的动词还有 think、make、consider、feel 等。 Exercises 1.你可能发现难以接受自己的弱点。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.我认为跟他们谈这件事没有用。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.You may find it hard to accept your weakness. 2. think it useless to talk about it with them. 5.His latest app allows people around the world to find study partners for learning Italian. allow的用法 （1）使⋯⋯成为可能 ①allow sth.使某事成为可能 ②allow sb. to do sth.使某人能够做某事 （2）允许 ③allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 ④be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事 Exercises （1） 现代交通使人们能在短时间内长途旅行。 • Modern transportation __________ __________ __________ __________ long distances in a short time. （2）人们在图书馆时不允许大声说话。 • People __________ __________ __________ _________ __________loudly when theyare in the library. allows people to travel；are not allowed to talk 6."It gives me such a sense of achievement to see people using the app" says Luca. ①n. 感觉 a sense of ……感 a sense of duty 责任感 ②n. 感官 ③v.感觉到；意识到 Exercises • Dogs have a strong sense of smell. __________ • We can sense his sadness. __________ • When children do chores, they can get a sense of achievement because they can see the results soon after finishing the chores. __________ 感官；感觉到；感觉 7.achievement ①make/ get/have great achievements 取得好成绩 ②the achievement of .....的成就/成绩 ③a sense of achievement 成就感 -ment 是常见的名词后缀： develop（v.发展）→__________（n. 发展） improve（v.改善）→__________（n.改善，改进） move（v. 移动） →__________（n.运动；活动） development；improvement；movement 8."I know some people think postcards are rather old-fashioned, but I think they're a good way to learn about different places," ①相当--多用于修饰形容词或副词。 ②更准确地说---用于纠正所说的话或提供更确切的信息。 ③would rather do sth. 宁愿做某事 ④rather than 而不是 相当于 instead of。 Exercises • I think I'll have tea rather than coffee. __________ • I'd rather have a quiet night in front of the TV. __________ • The plants there are quite green, the water is very clear and the air is rather fresh. __________ 9.“It's +adj. + of/for sb.to do sth. ”结构中，用of 和用for 的区别： It's +adj. + of sb.to do sth. 意为“某人做某事是⋯⋯的”。强调对人的性格、品行的评价。 常用的形容词有：good、kind、nice、clever等。 for sb.to do sth. 意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。强调对客观情况的描述。 常用的形容词有：easy、hard、ditficult、important等。 Exercises 1.做眼保健操对我来说很有必要，你能教我真好。 —————————————————————————————————— —————————————————————————————————— 2.Amy often donates（捐赠）money to charities. She is helpful.（改为同义句） —————————————————————————————————— 1.It's necessary for me to do eye exercises and it's really nice of you to teach me. 2.It’s helpful of Amy to donates money to charities. 10.She dreams of travelling to these places in the future！ 过去式和过去分词：__________ __________ dreamed/dreamt dream的用法 ①梦想；希望 dream of doing sth. 梦想做某事= dream about doing sth.。 ②v.做梦；梦见 ③n.梦 ④n.梦想；愿望 Exercises • She dreams of visiting Yunnan one day. __________ • I dreamt about you last night. __________ • I had a dream about my old school. __________ • Her lifelong dream was to be a writer. __________ 梦想；梦见；梦；梦想 11.suggest与advise辨析 作动词 advise suggest 建议（某人）做某事 advise sb to do sth suggest doing sth 作名词 advice（不可数名词） suggestion（可数名词） 一条建议 a piece of advice a suggestion 一些建议 some adcice some suggestions Exercises 1.I suggested __________by bus.（go） 2.I don't know how to behave at the dinner table. Can you give me some__________(suggest) ? 3.I 'll give you some__________(advise) on how to learn English. going；suggestions；advice 12.I didn't want to talk to my instructor about it because he seemed very strict. ①be strict with sb.对某人要求严格 ②be strict about sth.对某事要求严格 Exercises (1)我妈妈对我要求很严格，她对自己的工作要求也很严格。 My mother ________ ________ ________ me and she is also ________ ________her work. (2)教师对他们的学生严格是为了帮助他们取得更大的进步。 Teachers ________ ________ ________ their students in order to help them make great progress. is strict with；strict in;are strict with 13.However, we chatted after class one day, and I realized that he was surprisingly nice！ surprisingly adv. 出人意料地；惊人地→__________（adj.吃惊的）→__________（adj.令人惊讶的）→__________（v.使惊讶n.惊讶） surprised;surprising;surprise 关于surprise的常考短语 ①to one's surprise对某人要求严格 ②in surprise对某事要求严格 ③be surprised to do sth做某事感到惊讶 ④be surprised at sth对某事感到惊讶 ⑤give sb a surprise给某人惊喜 ⑥surprise sb令某人诧异 Exercises 1.I’m surprised__________ her here.(see) 2.I’m __________ to hear what the boy says.(surprise) 3.To our__________ ,Sam wasn’t__________ at the__________ news.(surprise) 4.The exam was __________easy. (surprise) 1.to see;2.surprised;3.surprise;surprised;surprising;4.surprisingly Unit2 Section A 1.表示“患病”或“……痛”的表达 have+a/an/the+表示疾病 have a fever发烧 have a cold患感冒 have a cough咳嗽 have the flu患流感 have a/an+“表示身体部位的名词+ache” have a headache头痛 have a toothache 牙痛 have a stomachache胃痛 have a sore+表示身体部位的名词 have a sore throat喉咙痛 have a sore leg腿疼 表示身体部位的名词+hurts My head hurts.我头疼 have a pain+in+the+表示身体部位的名词 He has a pain in the knee.他膝盖疼。 2.press down on your nose press的用法 ①v.压；按；挤；推 press down（on sth. ）向下按压（某物） ②v.催促；敦促 ③n.报刊，平面媒体；新闻界 Exercises • They are pressing us to make a quick decision. __________ • He pressed the button and the door closed. __________ •The press may report the case widely. __________ 催促；按下；报刊 3.Accidents can happen when we're careless. care n.小心；谨慎→__________（adj.细心的）→__________（adj.细心地）→__________（adj.粗心的）→__________（adv.粗心地） careful；carefully；careless；carelessly Exercises 我的弟弟如此粗心，考试时犯了许多错误。然而，我的表弟很细心，他在课堂上总是认真地听老师讲课和做笔记。 My little brother was so __________ that he made many mistakes in the exam. However, my cousin was very __________. He always listened to the teacher and took notes__________ in class. careless；careful；carefully 4.We'll need to do a test, but I believe you have the flu. test的用法 ①n.检查；测验 do a test 做检查/参加测验 pass/fail a test 考试及格/不及格 ②v.检查；测验 Exercises（判断词性） • I'm still waiting for my test results from the hospital. _________ • Did you get a good mark in the test? _________ • The doctor tested his hearing. _________ n.; n.; v. 5.It stops us from passing the flu virus to others easily. stop sb./sth. (from ) doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事=keep sb./sth. from doing sth.。 Exercises 1.那场雨没有妨碍我们享受这次旅行。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.我们应该阻止人类砍伐树木，破坏它们的栖息地。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.The rain didn't stop/keep us from enjoying the trip. 2.We should stop/keep humans from cutting down trees and destroying their habitats. 6.patient ①n.病人 ②adj.有耐心的 be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 patient adj.有耐心的→__________（adj.没耐心的）→__________（adv.耐心地）→__________（n.耐心） impatient；patiently；patience Exercises 布朗先生是一位有耐心的医生。他总是耐心地给他的病人做检查。他似乎永远不会不耐烦。他的耐心使他成为医院里最受欢迎的医生。 Mr Brown is a __________doctor. He always examines his __________ __________. It seems that he never gets __________.His __________ makes him the most popular doctor in the hospital. patient；patients；patiently；impatient；patience 7.Asking about injuries/illnesses -ness 是常见的名词后缀： “⋯的性质（或状态、特点）”，常加在形容词后。 kind（adj.友好的）→__________（n.仁慈；善良） happy（幸福的））→__________（n.幸福） dark（黑暗的））→__________（n.黑暗） kindness;happiness;darkness 8.Her clearest memory is not of the race itself, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day. ①adj.清晰的；清楚的 ②v.清理 clear up 清理，使整洁 ③adj.天气晴朗的 ④adj.透明的;清澈的 ⑤adj.思路清晰的 Exercises • On a clear day, you can see most of the city from the top of the tower. _________ • With hard work and clear plans, you will become successful in your study. _________ • It's your turn to clear the table. _________ • Enough sleep helps us keep clear minds. _________ 晴朗的；清晰的；清理；思路清晰的 9.Of course, ... and you certainly shouldn't look at it when you cross the road! ①v.穿越；横过=go across ②n.交叉 ③n.十字形记号；叉号 ④adj.生气的 be cross with sb ⑤crossing n.人行横道；十字路口 Exercises •Turn right at the second crossing. _________ • The traffic light is red. It's dangerous to cross the street now. _________ • Put a tick if the answer is correct and a cross it it's wrong. _________ • Sometimes I am very cross with the children. _________ 十字路口；穿越；打叉；生气的 Unit2 Section B 1.辨析turn on, turn off, turn up 与turn down turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 turn up 调高，出现 turn down 调低，拒绝 Exercises —Mom,could I_____A____the TV? I want to watch the news about space. —Of course. And don't sit too close. A. turn on B. turn off C. put on D. put off 2.happy happy adj.快乐的→__________（n.快乐；幸福）→__________（adv.快乐地；高兴地） happiness；happily Exercises Some boys and girls were playing_____happily_____(happy) on the playground. 3.James cried out and threw himself to the floor. throw的用法 ①v.猛动身体（部位） ②v.扔；抛 1)throw...at.. 朝⋯⋯扔⋯⋯ 2)throw sb.sth.=throw sth.to sb.把某物扔给某人 3)throw away扔掉 Exercises 1.不要朝窗户扔石头。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.我把球扔给了他 —————————————————————————————————— 3.不要把你的玩具放在桌子上，否则我会把它们扔掉。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.Don't throw stones at the window. 2.I threw him the ball. = I threw the ball to him. 3.Don't leave your toys on the table, or I will throw them away. 4.aid ①n.帮助；援助 1)first aid 急救 2)with the aid of 在⋯⋯的帮助下 ②v.帮助；援助 1)aid in（doing）sth. 有助于（做）某事 2)aid sb.in（doing）sth. 帮助某人做某事 Exercises • We finished the work with the aid of a computer. _________ • Students in China are required to learn first aid at school as part of health education. ________ • Mrs Green's mother aided her in looking after children. _________ • The research aids in developing new projects. _________ 在……的帮助下；急救；帮助；有助于 5.safety safe adj.安全的→__________（n.安全）→__________（adv.安全地）→__________（n.危险）→__________（adj.危险的） safety；safely；danger；dangerous 常考固定搭配： ①for safety 为安全起见 ②in safety 安全地 ③the safety of……的安全 Exercises 这是可以让孩子们安全玩耍的地方。 • It's a place where children can play __________ __________. in safety 6.Suddenly, they smelt smoke and found the pan was on fire. somke的用法 ①n.（燃烧产生的）烟 ②v.吸（烟）；抽（烟） ③v.冒烟 Exercises •There is a lot of smoke coming from the building. __________ • That old car smokes when you start it up. __________ • He has a good living habit. He neither smokes nor drinks.__________ 烟；冒烟；吸烟 7.Luckily, James wasn't badly hurt. luck n.运气→__________（adj.幸运的）→__________（adv.幸运地）→__________（adj.不幸的）→__________（adv.不幸地） lucky；luckily；unlucky；unluckily Exercises He fell off his bike yesterday, but__________(luck), he wasn't hurt. He wouldn't ride so fast. luckily 8.badly bad adj.坏的；严重的→__________（adv.严重地；非常；拙劣的）→__________（形容词比较级）→__________（形容词最高级） badly；worse；worst Exercises 1.He was in a_________ accident.（badly） 2.No one was __________injured in the accident.（bad） 3.The child behaved __________at the party. 4.By lunch time it was raining __________ than ever.（bad） 1.bad 2.badly 3.badly 4.worse 9.What should we do to keep ourselves safe from harm？ harm的用法 ①n.伤害；损害 do harm to=be harmful to 对……有害 ②v.伤害；损害 Exercises 噪声是一种污染，对我们的听力有害。 —————————————————————————————————— Noise is a kind of pollution and it is harmful to（=does harm to）our hearing. 10.Don't lie down for too long as it could make your back feel sore. lie的用法 ①n.谎言 ②v.平躺 ③v.位于 ④v.撒谎 Exercises • You are too tired. Please lie down for a while.__________ • Shanghai lies in the east of China. __________ • Don't lie to me.__________ • The teacher asks us not to tell lies. __________ 躺下；位于；撒谎；谎言 辨析lie与lay 单词 词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 lie 平躺；位于 lay lain lying lie 说谎 lied lied lying lay 产卵；放置 laid laid laying Exercises 那个躺在地上的男人撒谎称，他把钱放在桌子上了。 The man __________on the ground and __________that he had__________the money on the desk. lay；lied；laid 11.Suddenly, something hit her hard and threw her to the ground. hit的用法 ①n.碰撞；撞击 ②v.击；打 ③n.打；击；击中 ④n.风行一时的事物（如电影、戏剧、歌曲等） Exercises •He made the winning hit. __________ •The bus hit the bridge. __________ •She hit him on the head with a book. __________ •The opera was a great hit. __________ 击中；撞击；打；风行一时的事物 12.She was suffering from shock and her arm was bleeding. shock的用法 ①n.休克 be in (a state of) shock = be suffering from shock处于休克状态 ②v.使震惊 ③n.震惊；令人震惊的事 in shock震惊地 • He was in a state of shock. __________ • The news shocked her deeply. __________ • The news of his death came as a great shock to everyone. __________ 休克；使震惊；震惊 Unit 3 Section A 1.How do we deal with our emotions？ 辨析deal with 与 do with 两者均可表示“解决；处理”，区别如下： deal with 常与 how 连用。 do with 常与 what 连用。 Exercises （ B ）1.Why not __________your teacher for advice when you don't know __________the problem. A. to ask; how to deal with B. ask; what to do with C. ask; what to deal with D. to ask; how to do with （ D ）2. — I don't know how to __________the old clothes. — You can give them away to the charity. A. sell out B. take away C. give back D. deal with 2.alone与lonely lonely 形容词 “孤独的；寂寞的”，指情感上的孤独，带有伤感的色彩。 “荒凉的；偏僻的”，通常用于名词前作定语。 alone 副词 “独自；单独”，=by oneself=on my own 强调独自一人的客观情况，不含感情色彩 形容词 “单独的；独自的”，常用作表语，不能修饰名词。 Exercises 1.这位老人独自一人居住。 The old man lives alone. =The old man lives __________ __________. = The old man lives __________ __________ __________. 2.她有很多朋友。但是还是觉得很孤独。 She has many friends. But she feels __________. 3.他喜欢独自待在房子里。 He likes being __________in the house 4.那个老人独自一人住在一个荒凉的房子里。 The old man lives in a __________house in the forest __________. 1.by himself；on his own 2.lonely 3.alone 4.lonely;alone 3.Peter couldn't control his anger when he talked to Harry. control的用法 ①v.控制；克制 ②n.控制；管理 1) be in control of 控制；管理 2) be/get/run out of control 失去控制 3) be under control 被控制住；处于控制之下 4) lose control of 对⋯失去控制 Exercises 1.他觉得很难克制住自己的感情。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.戴维失去了对风筝的控制，风筝掉到了树上。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.He found it difficult to control his feelings. 2.David lost control of the kite, and it fell into a tree. 4.anger angry adj.生气的→__________（n.生气）→__________（adv.生气地） anger的用法 ①n.生气 若后接sb或sth，要在anger后面加at ②in anger 生气地 ③be angry with/at sb.生某人的气 ④be angry at/about/over sth. 对某事感到生气 Exercises 1.他无法掩饰对我们的愤怒。 He couldn't hide his __________ __________ __________. 2.他气得提高了嗓门。 He raised his voice __________ __________. 3.请别冲着我发脾气。这不是我的错。 Please don't __________ __________ __________ me. It's not my fault. 4.他对这种不公的情况感到生气。 He __________ __________ __________ the injustice of the situation. 1.anger at us 2.in anger 3.be angry with/at 4.was angry at/about/over 5.Peter told Harry the guitar was a birthday present from his grandfather... ①n.&adj.现在的 at present 现在；目前 ②adj.出席的；在场的 （absent缺席的） ③v.颁发；授予 ④n.礼物=gift Exercises • They can't wait to have a look at the present. __________ • I'm satisfied with my present job. __________ • At present, China is developing this new energy source.__________ • There were 200 people present when the meeting started. __________ • The headmaster presented Mr Wang with a medal.__________ 礼物；现在的；目前；出席的；授予 6.She gets better grades, plays the piano well,often wins awards... award的用法 ①n.奖；奖品 win/receive/get an award for sth. 因某事赢得/得到/获得奖项 ②v.授予；判给 award sb. sth. =award sth. to sb.授予某人某种奖励 Exercises 1.这部电影获得了多个奖项。 The movie has __________ __________ __________ __________ __________. 2.他因出色的教学而获奖。 He__________ __________ __________ for excellence in teaching. 3.评委授予我一等奖。 The judge awarded me first prize. = The judge __________ __________ __________ __________ me. 1.won a number of awards 2.received an awards 3.awarded first prize to 7.I'm feeling a lot of pressure because... pressure的用法 ①n.压力= stress ②put pressure on sb. 给某人施加压力 ③under pressure/stress 在压力下 ④reduce pressure 减轻压力 Exercises 1.你应该学会放松，不要给自己施加太多压力。 You should learn to relax and not to __________ __________ __________ __________ __________. 2.我知道人在压力下很容易生气。 I know that people get mad easily when they're__________ __________. 1.put so much pressure on yourself 2.under pressure 8.Next, share your problems with someone you trust instead of shutting yourself away. shut的用法 ①v.关闭；合上；住嘴 ②过去式和过去分词均为 shut ③shut sb./sth. away 把⋯⋯关/藏起来；隔离 ④shut down 停业；倒闭；关闭 ⑤shut up 闭嘴 Exercises • Just shut up and listen！__________ • Some writers will shut themselves away to write.__________ • The theatre shut down after more than half a century. __________ 闭嘴；关起来；停业 9.You should eat healthy food, get plenty of sleep... 与“大量的；许多的”相关的短语： plenty of 后接可数名词与不可数名词 a lot of/lots of 后接可数名词与不可数名词 a number of 后接可数名词 a great deal of 后接不可数名词 Exercises 1.许多学生都通过了考试。 __________ __________ __________students have passed the exam. 2.我们可以从互联网上获得大量信息。 We can get __________ __________ __________ __________information from internet. 3.许多水都被污染。 __________ __________the water is polluted. 1.A number of/A lot of 2.a great deal of 3.Plenty of/Lots of Unit 3 Section B 1.in low spirits 情绪低落 low的用法 ①adj.沮丧的，情绪低落的 ②adj.低的(表示价格、声音、温度、水平等低，反义词次high高的) ③adj.矮的 Exercises • I can buy plane tickets at very low prices. __________ • My father came over and sat on a low chair.__________ • He is feeling a bit low, so I do my best to cheer him up.__________ 低的；矮的；沮丧的 2.enter enter的用法 ①v.进入=go/come into ②v.考上（学校或大学） ③v.报名参加 ④v.输入（信息） Exercises • Linda will enter a writing competition. __________ • Wang Lei is looking forward to entering the best high school in September. __________ • Jack, tell me how to enter the information. __________ • When the teacher entered the classroom, all the students stopped talking. __________ 报名参加；考上；输入；进入 3."I guess we have to respect his decision,"Matt said after a while... decision的用法 ①make decisions/make a decision/make one's decision 做决定 ②change one's decision 改变决定 ③make a decision to do sth. = decide to do sth.决定做某事 Exercises 露西是一个难以做决定的女孩。今天早上她决定加入一个艺术俱乐部，但是中午她又改变了决定。 Lucy is a girl who has difficulty in __________ __________.She __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ an art club this morning,but __________ __________ __________ at noon. making decisions； made a decision to join； changed her decision 4.I'm proud of us, and I know our coach and everyone else in our school are as well. proud的用法 ①be proud to do sth. 为做某事很自豪 ②be proud of...为⋯⋯感到自豪=take pride in ③be proud+that 从句 很自豪⋯ Exercises 1.我们都为你的成功感到自豪。 We all be proud of your success. = We all__________ __________ __________ your success. 2.你会为我感到自豪的，爸爸。 You will __________ __________ __________ me, Dad. 1.take pride in 2.take pride in/be proud of 5.辨析too, either, also，as well 四者都有“也”的意思，区别如下： too 常用于肯定句或疑问句的句末，其前加不加逗号均可。 either 常用于否定句句末，其前通常不加逗号。 also 常用于肯定句句中，一般放在连系动词 be、情态动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前。 as well 常用于肯定句或疑问句的句末，其前不加逗号。 Exercises 1.I can help you, __________. 2.My father can't go there __________. 3.She can sing and dance __________ __________. 4.She __________ has milk for breakfast. 1.too; 2.either; 3.as well; 4.also 6.Matt felt a bit better. 辨析 a bit 与a bit of a bit 副词，表示“有点儿；稍微”，通常放在形容词或者动词前面，表示程度 a bit=kind of=a little+形容词 a bit of 是一个量词短语，表示“一点儿”，后面必须跟不可数名词 a bit of=a little+不可数名词 Exercises 1.我刚才喝了一点儿水。 I drank a little water just now. = I drank__________ __________ __________water just now. 2.我有点累。 I'm __________ __________tired. 3.她把声音提高了一点点。 She spoke__________ __________louder. 1.a bit of 2.a bit/kind of/a little 3.a bit 7.It's more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don't repeat them in future. re-是常见的前缀，表示“又；再；重新”。如： redo__________ recycle__________ rewrite__________ reunion__________ reuse__________ 重做；再利用；重写；重聚；再使用 8.thankful ①be thankful to sb. for (doing) sth. 某事而对某人心存感激 ②be thankful for sth. 感谢某事 Exercises 1.你应该感谢父母给予你良好的教育。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.感谢你的帮助。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.You should be thankful to your parents for giving you a good education. 2.I am thankful for your help. 9.behave behave v.表现；举止得体→__________（n.举止；行为）→__________（adj.表现得……的） behaviour；behaved behave的用法 ①behave well 表现好 ②behave badly 表现差 ③behave oneself 举止规矩有礼；行检点 Exercises 1.父母必须确保他们的孩子表现得体，以免给别人带来麻烦。 Parents must make sure their children__________ __________ so that they won't cause any trouble for others. 路上要注意安全，守规矩。 2.Keep safe and __________ __________ on the way. 1.behave well；2.behave yourselves 10.different different adj.不同的→__________（n.不同之处）→__________（adv.不同地） difference；differently Exercises 这对双胞胎之间有些不同。他们头发的颜色不同，做事的方式也经常不同。 There are some __________ between the twins. The colours of their hair are __________and they often do things __________. differences；different；differently 11. from time to time不时；偶尔 与time相关的其他短语： at the same time__________ all the time__________ at times__________ once upon a time__________ in no time__________ at a time__________ have a good time__________ on time__________ at all times__________ in time__________ for the first time__________ 同时；一直；有时；立刻；每次；玩得开心；准时；总是；及时；第一次 12. When we're mad, we might shout at other people or say mean things to them. ①adj.生气的；发狂的；疯的 1）be/get mad at/with sb.生某人的气 2）be mad about sth.为……而生气 3）go mad发疯 ②adj.着迷的；热衷于 1） be mad about/on sth. 对⋯着迷 Exercises 1.他们对足球很着迷。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.老师很生我的气，因为我迟到了。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.They are mad about/on football. 2. The teacher got mad at me because I was late. 13.辨析shout at sb.与 shout to sb. 两者都可意为“冲某人喊叫”，区别如下： shout at sb. 表示对某人大喊大叫（发脾气），暗含不友好的态度。 shout to sb. 表示远距离地朝着某人喊（以使对方听见），不含生气等情感因素。 Exercises 1.他冲我喊，让我把绳子扔下去。 He __________ __________ me to throw down the rope. 2.他有时会对我和兄弟们大喊大叫，但我一直知道他是爱我的。 He would sometimes__________ __________my brothers and me, but I always knew that he loved me. 1.shouted to；2.shout at 14.mean ① adj.刻薄的；吝啬的 1）be mean to 对⋯刻薄 2）be mean with 在⋯⋯方面吝啬 ②v.意味着 1) mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 ③v.意思是 ④v.打算；意欲 1) mean to do sth. 打算做某事 1.这个老人花钱很吝啬，对他的妻子也很刻薄，所以没有人喜欢他。 The old man is so__________ __________ his money and __________ __________ his wife, so nobody likes him. 2.我打算今晚完成作业。 I __________ __________ __________my homework tonight. 3.作为一个学生，意味着你要努力学习。 Being a student__________ __________ __________. 1.mean with;mean to 2.mean to finish 3.means studying hard 15.For example, try taking a deep breath. ① adj.深的 ② adj.有⋯深的 deep adj.深的→__________（n.深度）→__________（adv.深深地） depth；deeply Exercises 我听说一位男士跳进一个深洞去救一个孩子，那个洞大约有五米深。他的故事深深地打动了我。 I heard that a man jumped into a __________hole to save a child and the hole is about 5 metres in __________. His story touched me __________. deep；depth；deeply Unit 4 Section A 1.The Wonders of Nature wonder的用法 ①n.奇观；奇迹 ②n.惊叹；惊奇 ③v.琢磨；想知道 ④v.感到诧异 Exercises • If you study physics, wonder why light travels faster than sound. __________ • The Grand Canyon is one of the natural wonders of the world. __________ • The sight of the Great Wall filled me with wonder. __________ • I wondered at her beautiful singing. __________ 想知道；奇观；奇迹；感到惊讶 2.416 metres below sea level below的用法 ①prep.（地方或位置）在（或到）⋯下面 ②prep.（数量、水平等）少于；低于 ③adv.在（或到）下面 辨析below与under below 表示在某物的下方，但不一定是在正下方。 反义词：above under 表示在某物的正下方。 反义词：over Exercises • The temperature in our hometown usually drops below zero in winter. __________ • For further information on tomorrow's weather, call the hotline below. __________ • At over 152 metres below the surface of the water, the daylight is almost gone. __________ 低于；在下面；在……下面 3.unusual unusual adj.不寻常的→__________（adj.通常的；平常的）→__________（adv.通常地；平常地）→__________（adv.不寻常地）usual；usually；unusually 4.What other vessels dived to the bottom of the ocean？ bottom的用法 ①（at）the bottom of（在）……的底部 ②from top to bottom 从上到下；彻底地 ③from the bottom of one's heart 从心底里 Exercises 1.他们花了六个小时才到达山脚下。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.池塘底部有一条鱼。 —————————————————————————————————— 1. It took them six hours to reach the bottom of the mountain. 2.There is a fish at the bottom of the pool. 5.It travels the farthest and is about 6,300 kilometres long. 长、宽、高、深等的表达法： 6,300 kilometres long 表示“6300千米长”，是“基数词+单位词+形容词”结构 =基数词＋单位词+in+名词（length、width、height、depth等） Exercises 1.这条河宽20米。 The river is 20 metres wide = The river is __________ __________ __________ __________ . 2.这面墙四米高。 The wall is__________ __________ __________ = The wall is __________ __________ __________ __________ . 1.20 metres in width 2.four meters high；four meters in height 6.We should protect them by all means. means n. 方式；途径 means的用法 ①means of（doing）sth.（做）……的方式/途径 ②by all means 尽一切办法；务必 ③ by no means 绝不，一点儿都不 Exercises 1.对于许多人来说，汽车仍是他们主要的交通工具。 For many people, the car is still their main __________ __________transport. 2.你夏天务必一定要去那里参观一趟。 You should __________ __________ __________ visit there during the summer. 3.比赛是否会举行完全不能确定。 It is__________ __________ __________ certain that the game will take place. 1.means of 2.by all means 3.by no means 7.development develop v.发展→__________（n.发展；壮大）→__________（adj.发展中的）→__________（adj.发达的） development；developing；developed Exercises 随着科技的发展，使用人工智能技术的机器人正日益受到人们的关注。 —————————————————————————————————— With the development of science and technology, robots using Al are getting more attention. 8.What's the biggest desert in China? desert的用法 ①n.沙漠；荒原 ②v.抛弃，离弃 Exercises • The price rise caused many readers to desert the magazine.__________ • The birds have deserted their nest. __________ • They drove 600 miles across the desert.__________ 放弃；舍弃；沙漠 Unit 4 Section B 1.what climbers called the way up the northern side of the mountain 表示方位的名词在词尾加-ern 可构成形容词 north（n.北方）→northern（adj.北方的） south（n.南方）→__________（adj.南方的） east（n.东方）→__________（adj.东方的） west（n.西方）→__________（adj.西方的） southern；eastern；western 2.condition n.状态；境况 be in（a）bad/good condition____________________ working conditions____________________ living conditions____________________ weather conditions____________________ mental/physical condition ____________________ 处于糟糕的/良好的状态；工作条件；生活条件；天气情况；健康状况 3.On the mountain, temperatures can fall to -30 degrees. degree的用法 ①n.度；度数 ②n.程度 ③n.大学学位 1）degree in...学位 2）get a doctor’s/master’s degree 获得博士/硕士学位 Exercises • I agree with you to a certain degree. ________________ • He has a master's degree in economics from Peking University.________________ • Last weekend temperatures reached 40 degrees.________________ 程度；学位；度数 4.death 单词 词性 词义 用法 death 名词 死；死亡 在句中作主语或宾语。 die 动词 死 在句中作谓语，为非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 dead 形容词 死的 作定语或表语，表状态。be dead 可与一段时间连用。 dying 形容词 临终的 在句中作定语。the dying“临终者，垂死者”。 Exercises 这位老人躺在床上，想起他死去的战友。他们为人民的解放事业而死，死得其所。他的临终心愿是去看看他仍然健在的战友。 The old man lies in bed, thinking of his __________ army comrades. They __________ for the liberation of the people. It is a worthy __________. His__________wish is to see his living army comrades. dead；died；death；dying 5. determined determine v.决定→__________（adj.有决心的）→__________（n.决心；坚定） determined；determination determine的用法 ①be determined to do sth.决心做某事（表示状态） ②determine to do sth决心做某事（表示动作） ③with determination 有决心地 Exercises 1.我决心要获得成功。 —————————————————————————————————— I’m determined to succeed. 6.It was 8,600 metres above sea level. above的用法 ①prep.在（或向）……上面 ②prep.超过 ③adv.在（或向）上面 ④adv.在（或向）高处 辨析above, over与on 单词 词义 两物体间的关系 反义词 above 在……上面 不接触，不一定垂直 below over 在……正上方 不接触，垂直 under om 在……上面 有接触面 beneath Exercises 1.He lifted his hands __________his head. 2.He put the book__________ the desk. 3.There is a bridge __________ the river. 1.above 2.on 3.over 7.shoulder ①n. 肩膀；肩部 1）shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地 2）a shoulder to cry on 倾诉的对象 ②v.承担；背，扛 Exercises • He shouldered his bike and crossed the overpass. __________ • I started to cry then, and Papa touched my shoulder gently. __________ • I will shoulder the entire blame for it. __________ 扛；肩膀；承担 8.In 2020, a third team returned to Qomolangma to measure its height 8,848.86 metres. measure的用法 ①v.测量 ②v.量度为 ③n.措施 ④n.度量单位 Exercises •The tailor measured me for a new coat.__________ •They are taking measures to reduce crime in the city. __________ •The pond measures about 2 metres across.__________ 测量；措施；量度为 9.Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world? risk的用法 ①n.危险；风险 1）take risks/take a risk 冒险 2）the risk of...…的风险 3）at risk 处境危险，受到威胁 4）take/run the risk of doing sth. 冒险做某事 ②v.使⋯冒风险（或面临危险）；冒险做 1）risk one's life （to do sth.） 冒着生命危险（做某事） 2）risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 Exercises 1.冒着自己的生命危险去救别人需要很多爱和勇气。 It takes lots of love and courage to__________ __________ __________ __________ to save someone else’s. 2.我们不希望未经培训的人员去冒险。 We do not expect untrained people to__________ __________. 3.我们不想冒失去他们的生意的风险。 We don't want to__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ their business. 1.risk their own lives 2.take risks 3.run the risk of losing 10.It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. curious adj.好奇的；求知欲强的→__________（n.好奇心）→__________（adv.好奇地） curiosity；curiously Exercises 1.He is such a __________ boy, always asking questions. 2.As a child, I'm __________ about the UFO. 3.Children show __________ about everything. 1.curious;2.curious;3.curiously 11.attract attract v.吸引；招引；引起（反应）→__________（n.向往的地方）→__________（adj.有吸引力的；漂亮的）attraction；attractive Exercises 1.The walled city is an important tourist __________. 2.The bags sell well because they are so __________. 3.The West Lake in Hangzhou __________ people all over the world. attraction；attractive；attracts 12.Or, as the English explorer George Mallory put it, it is simply "because it's there”！ explorer n.探险者→__________（v.探险）→__________（n.探险；探究） explore；exploration Exercises 考察者在对洞穴进行勘探时得出了一些结论，并认 这些结论值得进一步探究。 __________ came to some conclusions when they __________ the cave, and thought that these conclusions were worth further __________. Explorers;explored;exploration 13.simply ①adv.仅仅；只 ②adv.简朴地 Exercises • Though they have a lot of money, they live very simply.__________ • People run marathons because they like taking part in competitions, or simply because they love running.__________ 简朴地；仅仅是 14.type ①n.种类=kind different types of=different kinds of 不同种类的 ②v.打字 Exercises • Street dance is an energetic and exciting type of dance. __________ • I love these types of books. __________ •How fast can you type？__________ 种类；种类；打字 14. After all, it is a great natural wonder! natural的用法 ①adj.自然的；天然的 ②adj.本能的；天生的 natural adj.自然的；天然的→__________（n.大自然）→__________（adv.自然地） nature；naturally Exercises 1.我们应该保护自然资源。 We should protect the __________resources. 2.大自然给予人们长久的快乐。 __________ gives people long-term happiness. natural；Nature 15.It takes up an area of 345, 000 square kilometres and includes over 900 islands and white sand beaches. 辨析 including 与 included including 介词 包括⋯在内 后跟名词或代词作宾语 included 形容词 包括在内的 只能位于名词或代词后，作后置定语 Exercises 全家人将去包括北京和上海在内的一些大城市旅游。因此大家非常开心，包括我在内。 The whole family will tour some big cities, __________ Beijing and Shanghai. So everyone is very happy, me __________. including；included Unit 5 Section A 1.Xinyi was warning a neighbour/having dinner. warn的用法 ①warn sb.（not）to do sth.告诫某人（不要）做某事 ②warn sb.of/about sth.警告某人注意某事 ③warn sb.against doing sth.告诫某人不要做某事 ④warn（sb.）+ that 从句 警告（某人）说⋯ Exercises 1.我告诫她不要靠近那条狗。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.专家警告说吃太多巧克力对健康有害。 —————————————————————————————————— 3.Mike的妈妈警告他不要在河里游泳。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.I warned her not to go near the dog. 2.Experts warn that eating too much chocolate is bad for health. 3.Mike's mom warned him not to swim in the river. 2.Sometimes there are tall waves and the areas near the coast get flooded. wave的用法 ①n.波浪 ②n.波 ③n.挥手 ④v.挥手 ⑤v.挥舞 Exercises 1.The children are waving the flags in their hands happily.__________ 2.Huge waves were breaking on the shore.__________ 3.A sound wave travels through the air.__________ 4.Ella waved at us and we waved back.__________ 挥舞；波浪；波；挥手 3.Where did the interviews possibly take place？ interview的用法 ①n.采访；面试 ②v.采访；对（某人）进行面试 1）interview sb. for sth. 为某事采访/面试某人 2）interview sb. about sth. 就某事采访某人；就某事与某人面谈 Exercises 1.这些天我们在为即将到来的艺术节采访一些学生。 These days we are__________ __________ __________ __________ the coming art festival. 2.我们就迈克的厨艺采访了他。 We __________ __________ __________ his cooking. 1.interviewing some students for 2.interviewed Mike about 4.Did you have any trouble during the typhoon？ trouble的用法 ①n.苦恼；困难；困境 1）get/ run into trouble 陷入麻烦/困境 2）be in trouble 处于困境之中 3）have（no）trouble（in）doing sth. 做某事（没）有困难 ②v.使忧虑、苦恼；劳驾；麻烦 Exercises 1.如果你有困难，不要害怕向你的父母或老师寻求帮助。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.我毫不费力地算出了这道数学题。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.Don't be afraid of asking your parents or teachers for help if you are in trouble. 2.I had no trouble working out the math problem. 5.stored emergency supplies at home before the typhoon supply的用法 ①n.供应（量）；储备（pl.supplies） ②n.补给，补给品 ③v.供应；供给 1)supply sth. to sb. = supply sb. with sth. 给某人供应某物 Exercises •The electricity supply has been cut off. __________ • We need to buy some school supplies before the new term starts. __________ • The charity supplies food to homeless people/supplies homeless people with food. __________ 供应；补给品；提供 6.Did your family make any preparations before the typhoon landed？ preparations的用法 ①n.准备（工作） 1） make preparations（for...）作准备 2） make preparations to do sth. 准备做某事 ②n.预备；准备 ③v.prepare 使做好准备；把⋯⋯预备好；使⋯有准备 1) prepare for... ⋯⋯作准备 2) prepare. ..for... 为⋯⋯准备好⋯⋯ 3) prepare to do sth. 准备好做某事 Exercises 我们需要为旅行准备一些零食，并准备在清晨离开。让我们一起作准备吧! We need to __________ some snacks for the trip and__________ __________ __________ early in the morning. Let's __________ __________ it together！ prepare；prepare to leave；prepare for 7.The power went out. power的用法 ①n.电力供应 1）power cut/failure 停电 ②n.能量；动力 1）nuclear/wind/solar power 核能/风能/太阳能 ③n.力量 ④n.权力 1）have the power to do sth. 有权力做某事 ⑤adj. powerful 有影响力的；强有力的 Exercises • Parts of the area had power cuts because of the storms. __________ • The ship was helpless against the power of the storm. __________ • The boss has the power to make the decision. __________ • Solar power is a clean energy source. __________ 电力供应；力量；权力；能量 8.When Jenny looked up, thick blac clouds were forming in the sky, and the rain was beating against their roof. look up（在词典、参考书中或通过电脑）查阅 look 的常见短语还有： look after __________ look for __________ look around __________ look like__________ look through __________ look over __________ look forward to__________ look out __________ 照顾；寻找；环顾；看起来像；浏览；检查；盼望；小心 9.thick ①adj.厚的 ②adj.茂密的 ③adj.有……厚的 ④adj.能见度低的；浓的 Exercises • You can go hiking in thick forests and breathe fresh air. __________ • The walls are about two meters thick. __________ • The fog was so thick that we could hardly see the road ahead. __________ 茂密的；有……厚的；浓的 10.beat ①v.敲；打 ②v.战胜；打败 ③v.心脏跳动 • Someone was beating a drum. __________ • He beat me at chess. __________ • After exercising, your skin is sweating and your heart is beating fast. __________ 敲；打败；心脏跳动 Unit 5 Section B 1.However, Tilly refused to take a single step further. refuse v.拒绝；推却→__________（同义短语）→__________（反义词） ①refuse sb./sth.拒绝某人/某物 ②refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 1.珍妮礼貌地拒绝了我的帮助。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.我们应该遵守法律，拒绝浪费食物。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.Jenny refused/turned down my help politely. 2.We should obey the law and refuse to waste food. 2.He jumped into action right away and rushed to get people off the beach. ①rush to do sth. 匆忙做某事 ②rush into （doing）sth. 急于做某事 Exercises 1.不知真相别急于评判他人。 Don't __________ __________ __________ others without knowing the truth. 2.我们不急着售卖房子。 We don't want to __________ __________ __________the house. rush to judge；rush into selling 3.Thanks to her knowledge and quick thinking, one schoolgirl was able to save over 100 lives. know v.知道；了解→__________（n.知识；学问）→__________（adj.知识渊博的） knowledge；knowledgeable 1） have a wide knowledge of/about. .. 精通⋯ Exercises 如果你知道如何明智地学习，你可以获得更多的知识，变得知识渊博。 If you__________how to study wisely, you can gain more __________ and become __________. know；knowledge；knowledgeable 4.Tilly's family went back to the hotel, except for her mother. 辨析except/except for与besides的区别 except/except for ①均意“除…之外”，表示排除其后的人或事物，含有“减去”的意思。 ②在句子开头，要用except for 接名词，不可只用 except。 besides 意为“除⋯之外（还）”，表示包含其后的人或事物，含有“加上”的意思。 Exercises 1.除了汤姆，我们班所有的男生都来了。 All the boys in our class came __________Tom. 2.除了结局，这部电影是完美的。 __________ the ending,the movie was perfect. 3.除了数学，我还喜欢物理。 __________ maths, I also like physics. except；Except for；Besides 5.Over 5, 000 firefighters, police, and volunteers all worked together to keep the people and their homes safe. ①n.志愿者；自告奋勇者 ②v.自愿做；义务做 1)volunteer as... 自愿充当….. 2)volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事；义务做某事 Exercises 作为一名志愿者，托马斯在一家救助中心做义工。上周日，他自愿为养老院的老人洗衣服。 As a __________, Thomas __________ in a help center.Last Sunday, he __________ to wash clothes for the old in an old people's home. volunteer;volunteers;volunteered 6.First, my alarm clock didn't go off, so I woke up late and had to rush to the bus stop. go off的用法 ①（警报器等）突然发出巨响 ②离开（尤指去做某事） ③（质量）下降 ④（电）中断 ⑤（电灯）熄灭 ⑥（食物、饮料）变质，变坏 Exercises •Suddenly the lights went off. __________ •She went off to get a drink. __________ •Meat goes off quickly in hot weather. __________ •His books have gone off in recent years. __________ 熄灭；离开；变质；质量下降 7.review ①v.（尤指为准备考试而）复习 ②v.回顾；反思 ③v.复查 ④n.回顾 ⑤n.审查 ⑥n.对（图书、电影等的）评论 Exercises •The meeting started with a review of the year.__________ •The lawyer decided to review the evidence of this case.__________ •She sent us her review of the research.__________ •Our teacher asked us to write a book review after reading. __________ •We should review what we have learned after class.__________ 回顾；复查；审查；书评；复习 8.The wind was too strong for me to use my umbrella！ （1） too...to...与 so...that...的转换。 当that 引导的从句为否定句，且主从句的主语一致时，两个结构可以互相转换。 •She is too young to go to school. = She is so young that she can't go to school. （2）too...to...与 not...enough to. ..的转换。 enough 修饰的形容词或副词应是too 后形容词或副词的反义词。 • The problem is too difficult for me to work out. =The problem isn't easy enough for me to work out. Exercises 1.The cafe is too crowded for us to find a seat during lunchtime.（改为同义句） The café is__________ crowded__________ we can't find a seat during lunchtime. 2. She was so weak that she couldn't take care of her baby. She was__________ weak__________ take care of her baby. She was__________ strong__________ take care of her baby. 3. The box is so heavy that he can't carry it. The box is__________ __________ for him__________ carry. The box is__________ __________ for him__________ carry. 1. so;that 2.too;to not;to 3.not light ;to;too heavy;to 9.There was a landslide along our usual road. usual adj. 通常的；寻常的→__________（adj.不寻常的）→__________（adv.通常地） unusual；usually Exercises 妈妈通常在晚饭后给我们讲一个不寻常的故事。今天她也像往常一样给我们讲了一个。 Mother__________ tells us an__________ story after dinner.Today she also told us one as __________. usually；unusual；usual 10.When I finally reached my classroom,out of breath, my teacher was already waiting at the door. breath的用法 ①out of breath 上气不接下气 ②be short of breath 呼吸困难 ③hold one's breath 屏气 ④take a （deep） breath（深）吸一口气 Exercises 1.比赛结束时获胜者已经上气不接下气了。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.当你非常紧张时，你应该深呼吸。 —————————————————————————————————— At the end of the race the winner was out of breath. When you feel nervous，you should take a deep breath. 11.As a result, she said we weren't having a test after all！ 辨析as a result 与as a result of as a result 因此，结果 表示结果，其后一般用逗号隔开。 as a result of 因为，由于 表示原因，相当于 because of，后常跟名词、代词。 Exercises (1) He trained hard;__________, he won the match. (2) __________the snowstorm, the flights were put off. as a result ；As a result of 12.What luck on my unlucky day! luck n.运气→__________（adj.幸运的）→__________（adv.幸运地）→__________（adj.不幸运的）→__________（adv.不幸运地）lucky；luckily；unlucky；unluckily Exercises • He was lucky to __________ (luck) the match. • At the age of 14, something __________(lucky) happened to Jia Shuangdeng and turned him into a deaf person. • __________，he lost his wallet. lucky；unlucky;unluckily Unit 6 Section A 1.embarrassed embarrassed adj.尴尬的→__________（adj.使人难堪的）→__________（v.使尴尬）→__________（n.尴尬） embarrassing；embarrass；embarrassment Exercises 今天是令人尴尬的一天。所有人都冲着我笑。那让我很尴尬。很快我意识到（原来）自己把夹克衫穿反了。真让我尴尬啊！ Today is an __________ day. Everyone smiled at me.That made me__________. Soon I realized that I had worn my jacket inside out. What an __________ to me！embarrassing；embarrassed；embarrassment 2.It is rude/polite to give or take thingswith your left hand. rude adj.粗鲁的→__________（adv.粗鲁地）→__________（n.粗鲁）rudely；rudeness 3.confusing 辨析confusing与confused confusing 常修饰事/物，表示事物的性质或特征 confused 常用于表达人的感受，在句中常作表语 Exercises 1.这份用法指南太让人困惑了，以至于我搞不懂如何使用这个新的应用程序。 The instruction manual was so __________ that I couldn't understand how to use the new app. 2.当老师突然提问时，她看起来一脸困惑。 She looked__________ when the teacher suddenly asked a question. 1.confusing 2.confused 4.Could you tell me the proper way to use a knife and fork too？ proper adj. 恰当的；正确的→__________（adj.不合适的）→__________（adv.恰当地） improper；properly Exercises 在餐桌上用筷子指着别人是不合适的。我们应该学习正确的餐桌礼仪，举止得体。 It is __________ to point at others with chopsticks at the table. We should learn__________ table manners and behave__________. improper；proper；properly 5.But once I was used to it, I became more curious and interested in learning about the culture there. be/get used to （doing） sth. 习惯于（做）某事 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 be used to do sth. / for doing sth. 被用于做某事 Exercises 1.约翰逊先生习惯了用筷子吃东西。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.他过去常常在晚上9点钟睡觉。 —————————————————————————————————— 3.这把刀可以用来切水果。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.Mr Johnson is/gets used to eating with chopsticks. 2. He used to go to sleep at 9 o'clock in the evening. 3. The knife can be used to cut fruit (= for cutting fruit）. Unit 6 Section B 1.It's so great to hear from you. hear from 收到某人的来信/电子邮件/电话 hear of 听说；得知 Exercises 1.我上周收到了我朋友的来信。 I__________ __________ my friend last week.我上周收到 2.听到他惨遭不幸的噩耗，我十分震惊。 I was shocked to__________ __________his poor health. 1.hear from 2.heard of 2.They helped me to learn more about the customs here after I had some embarrassing experiences at a party last month. custom的用法 ①n.习俗 1）a traditional Chinese custom 中国传统习俗 2）a folk custom 民间习俗 3）a local custom 当地风俗 4）the custom of doing sth.做某事的习俗 5）Every country has its customs. 乡有乡俗。 ②n.海关 Exercises 1.我认为在去某地之前有必要了解一下当地的风俗。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.人们还有吃一些不同种类的新鲜水果和蔬菜的习俗。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.I find it necessary to learn about the local customs before going somewhere. 2.People also have the custom of eating some different kinds of fresh fruits and vegetables. 3.married （1）辨析get married与be married get married 短暂性动词短语，表示动作，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 be married 延续性动词短语，表示状态，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。 （2）be/get married to sb. 与某人结婚注意：该短语中to不能换为with。 （3）marry的用法 marry sb 娶/嫁给某人 marry sb to sb 把……嫁给…… Exercises 1.戴西的父母把她嫁给了一名律师。 Daisy's parents __________ __________ __________ a lawyer. 2.简嫁给了一位医生。 Jane __________ __________ __________a doctor. 1.married her to 2.was married to 4.I'm so excited, and I can't wait to congratulate them. congratulate的用法 ①congratulate sb. 祝贺某人 ②congratulate sb.on sth. 因某事祝贺某人 ③congratulate sb. for doing sth. 祝贺某人做某事 Exercises 1.妈妈祝贺我取得了巨大的成功。 —————————————————————————————————— My mother congratulated me on my great success. 6.In many Asian countries, it is normal for people to eat with chopsticks. Europe 欧洲 European 欧洲人；欧洲（人）的 Africa 非洲 African 非洲人；非洲（人）的 America 美洲 American 美洲人；美洲（人）的 Exercises （ A ）China is __________Asian country, while France is __________European country. A. an: a B. a; an C. an; an D. a; a 7.There are many rules and traditions about how to use chopsticks properly. tradition n. 传统→__________（adj.传统的）→__________（adv.传统地） traditional；traditionally Exercises 1.王辉经常在网上与史蒂夫分享中国传统文化。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.传统上，人们在中秋节吃月饼。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.Wang Hui often shares traditional Chinese culture with Steve online. 2.People traditionally eat mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival. 7.Lastly, hold your chopsticks correctly. correctly adv. 正确地；得体地→__________（adj.正确的）correct correct的用法 ①adj.正确的；恰当的 ②v.纠正；批改 Exercises 1.为了礼貌地交流，我们应该始终用词得体，避免伤害他人的感情。 To communicate politely, we should always use words __________and avoid hurting others' feelings. 2.当你以正确的方式握笔时，书写就容易多了。 When you hold your pen in the__________ way, writing is much easier. 3.有必要纠正他的错误。 It's necessary to __________ his mistakes. 1.correctly 2.correct 3.correct 8.receive accept 接受 指被给予者经过考虑而愿意接受，接受通常指主观上的接受，常与表示邀请或建议的词连用。 receive 收到 指客观上收到（信件、礼物等），不涉及被给予者是否愿意接受 Exercises 她收到了一份礼物，但是她并没有接受它。 She __________ a gift, but she didn't __________ it. received；accept 9.impression impress v.给……留下深刻印象→__________（n.印象）→__________（adj.印象深刻的） 1）first impression 第一印象 2）give an impression 给人印象 3）make a good/deep impression on sb.给某人留下好/深刻的印象 Exercises 那个聪明的学生给我留下了深刻的印象 —————————————————————————————————— The smart student made a deep impression on me. 10.cheer ①v.庆祝；欢呼；喝彩；加油 1）cheer for ⋯⋯欢呼/喝彩 2）cheer...on ⋯⋯加油 3）cheer（sb.）up（使某人）振作/高兴起来 ②cheers interj. 再见；干杯 Exercises 1.所有观众都站起来为他们喝彩。 All of the audience stood up and__________ __________ __________. 2.他们聚在一起为她加油。 They gathered together and__________ __________ __________. 3.当你心情不好时，好朋友会让你振作起来。 A good friend will __________ __________ __________ when you are having a bad day. 1.cheered for them 2.cheered her on 3.cheer you up Unit 7 Section A 1.A young boy is forced to steal things. force的用法 ①v. 强迫；迫使 1）force sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事 2）sb. be forced to do sth. 某人被迫做某事 ②v.用力推动 相当于push。 ③n.力；武力 1）the force of.. …⋯的力/力量 2）by force依靠武力 Exercises • She forced herself to get up as soon as the clock planning to attack the earth.__________ • He changed the world through the force of his ideas.__________ • Firemen tried to enter the building, but were forced back by the flames.__________ 强迫；力；推 2.In the end, the bad people are punished,and the boy has a better life. punish v.惩罚；处罚→__________（n.惩罚；处罚）punishment 1）punish sb.处罚某人 2）punish sb. for（doing）sth.因（做）某事而处罚某人 Exercises 1.我认为乔治没有必要处罚孩子们。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.那位女警察因那名司机违反了交通规则而处罚他。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.I don't believe that George has to punish the children. 2.The policewoman is punishing the driver for breaking the traffic rules. 3.Could you recommend one？ recommend的用法 ①v.推荐 1) recommend sb./sth. 推荐某人/某物 2) recommend sb. for sth. 推荐某人获得某物 3) recommend sb. as/to be... 推荐某人成为 4) ⋯⋯recommend sth.to sb. 向某人推荐某物 ②v.建议 1） recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 2） recommend doing sth. 建议做某事 Exercises 1.我们推荐李明当我们的班长。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.我建议你早点儿预订航班。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.We recommend Li Ming as/to be our monitor. 2.I recommend you to book your flight early. Unit 7 Section B 1.After she died,the garden he came a painful memory for him, so he locked it up. lock v.用锁锁上n.锁→__________（v.开⋯⋯的锁；发现；揭开）unlock Exercises（判断词性） 你离开之前，记得用这把锁锁门，这扇门不容易锁住。 Remember to lock (__________) the door with this lock (__________)before you leave. The door doesn't lock (__________) easily. v. n. v. 2.Unfortunately, nobody has taken care of the plants, and therefore, much of it is in a bad state. state的用法 ①n. 状态； 1）in a（n）... state/in a state of...处于⋯的状态 ②n. 国家；州 ③v.陈述；说明 Exercises • Please state your name and address. __________ • He was in a terrible state when he got home. __________ • France is one of the European Union member states. __________ 说出；状态；国家 3.He is unhappy and weak because he has lived alone in a hidden room since his mother's death. weak adj.虚弱的；无力的→__________（n.懦弱；弱点）→__________（adj.强壮的）weakness；strong ①adj.虚弱的；无力的；不强壮的 ②adj.不擅长的；能力弱的 1）be weak in “在⋯⋯方面差”，相当于 be bad at。 Exercises • The little cat was weak when we found it in the park. __________ • Jim is a little weak in/bad at Chinese.__________ • Al can know better about students, including their advantages, weaknesses and so on. __________ 虚弱的；能力弱的；缺点 4.day by day一天天；逐日 类似的短语还有： one by one__________ step by step__________ word by word__________ little by little__________ 逐个地，逐一；一步一步地；逐字地； 一点一点地 5.Match the causes with the effects. effect n.影响;结果→__________（v.影响）→__________（adj.有效的）affect；effective 1）have an effect on 对⋯⋯有影响 Exercises 1.吸烟影响健康。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.吸烟对我们的健康有不良影响。 —————————————————————————————————— 3.学习有效的学习方法可以减轻学习压力，提高成绩。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.Smoking affects health. 2.Smoking has a bad effect on our health. 3.Learning effective study methods can make you feel less stressed about school and improve grades. 6.Luckily, people stopped the attack in time. 辨析in time 与 on time in time 及时 指恰好赶上，暗含匆忙之义。 on time 按时，准时 指依照规定或约定的时间。 Exercises 凯特没有及时赶上公共汽车，因此未能按时到校。 Kate didn't catch the bus __________, so she didn' arrive at school __________. in time；on time 7.Many people consider Journey to the West to be one of the greatest Chinese classic novels of all time. consider的用法 ①v.认为 1）consider...as/to be..把⋯⋯视为⋯⋯，认为⋯⋯= regard...as.. 2）be considered as/to be..被看作/视⋯⋯=be regarded as... ②v.仔细考虑=think about 1）consider doing sth. “考虑做某事” Exercises 1.我更喜欢下国际象棋。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.我考虑去国际象棋俱乐部，因为我奶奶把宠物狗视家庭成员。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.My grandma considers the pet dog as a familymember. 2.I consider going to the chess club, for I like playing chess better. 8.Although they have their own weaknesses, when they work together, nobody can defeat them！ defeat ①v.击败；战胜 ②n.失败；击败 辨析defeat，beat与win defeat “打败；战胜”。多指在战斗或比赛中战胜/打败对手，后接竞争对手。 beat “赢，打败”。多指在游戏、比赛中打败对方。常可与 defeat 互换。 win 获胜，赢”。多指在比赛、战斗、选举中获胜。其宾语通常是表示比赛、战争、奖品等的词。 Exercises 1.He __________me at chess. 2.Our team __________ the game. 3.They hope to__________the enemy at sea. beat;won;defeat 9.This book has taught me not to give up or doubt myself. doubt v.怀疑 n.疑惑；不确定→__________（adj.不确定的；感到怀疑的）→__________（adv.不确定；怀疑）doubtful；doubtfully doubt的用法 ①v.怀疑 其后接名词、代词或从句作宾语。在肯定句中，doubt 后常接 whethes/if从句； 在否定句和疑问句中，doubt 后接 that 从句。 ②n.疑惑；不确定 1)without doubt 毫无疑问；的确 通常作状语 2）no doubt 无疑；很可能 后面通常接从句 3）There is no doubt that...毫无疑问 Exercises 1.你不应该怀疑他。他是一个诚实的人。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.毫无疑问，有效的计划是成功的关键。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.You shouldn't doubt him. He is an honest man. 2.There is no doubt that effective planning is the key to success. 10.instruction instruction n.介绍；序言；采用→__________（v.介绍） introduce 1）brief introduction 简介 2）make an introduction 作介绍 3）introduce oneself 作自我介绍=make a self-introduction 4）introduce A to B 把A介绍给B Exercises 1.When you give a speech, it is polite to make a simple__________(introduce) first. 2.She wants to__________(introduction) erhu and traditional Chinese music to the world. introduction；introduce Unit 8 Section A 1.guide visitors 后缀-or 表示“⋯⋯的人”，以-or 结尾表示人的名词还有： collector __________ editor __________ inventor __________ actor__________ sailor__________ director __________ 收藏家；编辑；发明家；（男）演员海员，水手 ；负责人；导演 2.the +形容词”表示一类人或事物 the young the old the poor the rich the sick the dead the homeless the disabled the good the beautiful 年轻人；老年人；穷人；富人；病人；死者；无家可归者；残疾人；好的人/事物；美的人/事物 3.organization organization n.组织；团体；结构→__________（v.组织）→__________（n.组织者） →__________（adj.有组织的） organize；organizer；organized Exercises 1.她在这个组织中发挥着重要作用。 —————————————————————————————————— • She plays an important part in this organization. 4.I guide visitors through the museum and provide information about the paintings. 为某人提供某物 1） provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 2） offer sb. sth = offer sth. to sb. Exercises 1.学校食堂为我们提供食物。 The school canteen provides us__________ food. = The school canteen provides food __________ us. = The school canteen offers food __________ us. 2.家长努力给他们的孩子提供干净舒适的环境。 Parents try their best to__________their children __________a clean and comfortable environment. =Parents try their best to__________a clean and comfortable environment__________their children 1.with；for；to 2.provide;with；provide;for/offer；to 5.collect donations 募集捐赠物 -ion 是常见的名词后缀，表示“⋯行为；⋯状态”。如： 1.act v. 行动→__________（n.行动） 2.discuss v.讨论→__________（n.讨论） 3.connect v.连接→__________（n.联系；连接） action ；discussion；connection 6.interviewer n.采访者；面试官 interviewer n.采访者；面试官→__________（n.被采访者；参加面试者）→__________（v.采访） interviewee；interview Exercises 面试官询问了被面试者关于他未来的（职业）规划。 The __________ asked the__________ about his future plans. interviewer；interviewee 7.I exercise with the elderly to help them stay active. active的用法 1）be active in 在⋯⋯（方面）积极 2）take an active part in 积极参加⋯⋯ Exercises 1.大多数鸟在白天很活跃。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.她积极参加学校活动。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.Most birds are active in the daytime. 2.She took an active part in school activities. 8.Yes,come along！好啊，来吧！ come along的用法 ①快点 ②进展 ③出现 ④跟着来 Exercises •Come along! We're late. __________ • She wants to come along with us to the movies.__________ •How's your work coming along？__________ • When the right opportunity comes along, she'll take it.__________ 快点；跟着来；进展；出现 9.Mr Wu has taught in a primary school as a volunteer for two years now. primary的用法 ①adj.小学教育的 用于名词前作定语。 1）primary school 小学 2）primary teacher 小学老师 3）primary education 小学教育 ②adj.主要的；最重要的；基本的 Exercises • Personal safety is of primary importance. __________ •For middle and primary school students, learning to cook has become a must. __________ • My little sister is in primary education. __________ 最重要的；小学的；小学的 Unit 8 Section B 1.gentleman 和 gentleman 变复数的方式相同的单词还有： policeman→__________（警察） businessman→__________（商人） German→__________德国人） fisherman→__________（渔夫） Frenchman→__________（法国人） Englishman→__________（英格兰人） policemen；businessmen；Germans；fishermen；Frenchmen；Englishmen 2.We've provided medical aid and searched for missing people after natural disasters... missing的用法 ①adj.失踪的；用于描述人。 ② adj.丢失的；找不到的 ③adj.缺少的；缺损的 Exercises • The last page of this book was missing. __________ • Dogs can find missing people by using their fantastic sense of smell. __________ • My bag is missing. Could you help me find it？__________ 缺少的；失踪的；丢失的 3.It has also helped me understand the power of teamwork because it's the key to successful rescues. the key to... ……的关键 类似的短语还有： the answer to...__________ the solution to..__________ the way to...__________ the entrance to..__________ the ticket to..__________ ……的答案；⋯的解决方案；⋯⋯的道路 ；⋯⋯的入口；⋯的票 4.Most of all, being a volunteer has taught me the value of every life. value n. 重要作用；价值→__________（adj.有价值的）→__________（adj.没有价值的）→__________（adj.极有价值的）valuable；valueless；invaluable value的用法 ①n. 重要作用；价值 1）the value of...……的价值 2）be of great/little/ no value 很有用处/几乎没有用处/没有用处 ②v.重视；珍视 Exercises • All of us want to do something meaningful to prove the value of life.__________ • In a word, we should try our best to protect ourselves and value our lives. __________ 价值；珍惜 5.It's voluntary, so we aren't paid. voluntary adj.自愿的；无偿的→__________（n.志愿者 v.志愿做）volunteer 常考短语： 1）voluntary work志愿工作 2）volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事 Exercises 他是一个志愿者。他自愿做很多志愿工作。 He is a __________. He __________ to do lots of __________ work. volunteer ；volunteers；voluntary 6.And that makes everything we do worth it. worth adj. 值得；有价值→__________（adj.没价值的）worthless 常考短语： 1） be （well） worth doing（非常）值得做…… 2）be worth+n. 值得…… 3）be worth+金钱 值⋯⋯钱 Exercises 1.电影《哪吒2》值得一看。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.这枚戒指值5000元。 —————————————————————————————————— 1.The film Ne Zha 2 is worth seeing. 2.The ring is worth 5,000yuan. 7.But to achieve success, you need to have a clear goal and stick to it. success n. 成功→__________（n.失败）→__________（v.成功）→__________（adj.成功的）→__________（adv.成功地）failure；succeed；successful；successfully success的用法 ①n.表示抽象意义的“成功”。 1)have success in （doing）sth. 在（做）某事方面取得成功 ②n.成功的人（或事物） ③v.成功succeed 1）succeed in doing sth.成功做成某事 Exercises 张先生成功创办了自己的企业。他是个成功的商人，因为他成功地售出了很多东西。大家都认为他是个成功的人。 Mr Zhang __________ in starting his own business. He is a __________ businessman because he sold many things__________. Everyone thinks he is a __________. succeed；successful；successfully；success 8.be worth the effort effort的用法 1）make an effort to do sth. 尽力做某事 2）put effort into （doing）sth. 努力做某事 3）without effort 毫不费力地 Exercises 1.地方俱乐部正在尽一切努力吸引更多的年轻人。 —————————————————————————————————— 2.为准时完工，他花费了很多精力。 —————————————————————————————————— 3.那件事他做得毫不费力。 —————————————————————————————————— • The local clubs are making every effort to interest more young people. •He put a lot of effort into finishing the project on time. •He did it without effort. 9.We'd love to know more about you,your skills and talents... talent n.才能；天赋；天才→__________（adj.有才能的；天才的） talent的用法 ①n.才能；天赋 同义词为 gift。 1） have/show a talent /gift for.. 在⋯方面有天赋 ②n.天才，有才能的人 Exercises • Mike, a 7-year-old boy, has a great talent for art.__________ • He was such a creative talent and not just an artist. __________ 天赋；天才 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $