内容正文:
译林版八年级下册 Unit 7 单词表
教师备课材料
1. medical
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 医疗的,医学的
近义词: clinical, medicinal
词性转换: medicine (n.) 医学;药
常见搭配: medical care (医疗护理); medical school (医学院); medical examination (体检)
例句: He is in need of immediate medical attention. 他需要立即就医。
2. organization
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 组织,机构;安排
近义词: institution, association, arrangement
反义词: disorganization
词性转换: organize (v.) 组织; organizational (adj.) 组织上的
常见搭配: a charity organization (慈善机构); World Health Organization (WHO) 世界卫生组织
例句: She works for an international aid organization. 她在一家国际援助机构工作。
3. lip
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 嘴唇
常见搭配: upper/lower lip (上/下唇); bite one‘s lip (咬嘴唇,忍怒)
例句: Her lips were dry because of the cold wind. 因为寒风,她的嘴唇很干。
4. interviewer
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 面试官;采访者
近义词: questioner
反义词: interviewee (被面试/采访者)
词性转换: interview (v./n.) 面试;采访
常见搭配: the interviewer asked... (面试官问道...)
例句: The interviewer asked about my experience. 面试官询问了我的经验。
5. billion
词性: 数词 (num.)
词义: 十亿
常见搭配: billions of (数十亿的); two billion people (二十亿人)
例句: The project cost several billion dollars. 这个项目耗资数十亿美元。
6. cure
词性: 动词/名词 (v./n.)
词义: v. 治愈,治好; n. 治愈;疗法
近义词: v. heal, treat n. remedy, treatment
反义词: v. infect
词性转换: curable (adj.) 可治愈的
常见搭配: cure a disease (治愈疾病); a cure for cancer (癌症疗法)
例句: This medicine can cure your cold. 这种药能治好你的感冒。
7. treatment
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 治疗;对待;处理
近义词: therapy, care, handling
反义词: neglect
词性转换: treat (v.) 治疗;对待
常见搭配: receive treatment (接受治疗); medical treatment (医疗)
例句: Early treatment is important for many illnesses. 对许多疾病来说,早期治疗很重要。
8. aim
词性: 名词/动词 (n./v.)
词义: n. 目标; v. 瞄准;旨在
近义词: n. goal, purpose v. target, intend
反义词: v. miss (未击中)
词性转换: aimless (adj.) 无目的的
常见搭配: aim to do sth. (旨在做某事); achieve one‘s aim (达到目标)
例句: My aim is to become a doctor. (n.) 我的目标是成为一名医生。
9. patient
词性: 名词/形容词 (n./adj.)
词义: n. 病人; adj. 有耐心的
近义词: n. sick person adj. tolerant
反义词: adj. impatient
词性转换: patience (n.) 耐心; patiently (adv.) 耐心地
常见搭配: a hospital patient (住院病人); be patient with (对...有耐心)
例句: The patient is recovering well after the operation. (n.) 病人术后恢复良好。
10. afford
词性: 动词 (v.)
词义: 买得起;负担得起(费用、后果等)
近义词: manage, bear the cost of
词性转换: affordable (adj.) 负担得起的
常见搭配: cannot afford (to do) sth. (负担不起(做)某事)
例句: Many people cannot afford expensive medical care. 许多人负担不起昂贵的医疗费用。
11. go to hospital
词性: 短语动词
词义: 去医院(看病)
近义词: be hospitalized (住院)
反义词: leave hospital (出院)
例句: You should go to hospital if your fever doesn't go down. 如果你的烧不退,应该去医院。
注意: 英式英语中,表示“看病”常说 go to hospital (无冠词);美式英语常用 go to the hospital。泛指建筑物时,用冠词,如:I went to the hospital to visit my friend.
12. on board
词性: 短语副词/介词
词义: 在船(飞机、火车)上;成为一员,参与
近义词: aboard
反义词: overboard (落水)
常见搭配: welcome on board (欢迎加入/登机)
例句: All passengers on board the plane must fasten their seat belts. 飞机上所有乘客必须系好安全带。
13. benefit
词性: 名词/动词 (n./v.)
词义: n. 好处,益处; v. 有益于,得益于
近义词: n. advantage, profit v. help, profit from
反义词: n. disadvantage, harm v. harm
词性转换: beneficial (adj.) 有益的
常见搭配: benefit from (从...中受益); for the benefit of (为了...的利益)
例句: Regular exercise has many health benefits. (n.) 定期锻炼对健康有许多益处。
14. eye care
词性: 名词短语
词义: 眼睛护理,眼保健
常见搭配: eye care products (护眼产品)
例句: Good eye care includes regular check-ups. 良好的眼保健包括定期检查。
15. session
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: (进行某活动的)一段时间;会议;治疗期
近义词: period, meeting
常见搭配: a training session (一次培训课); a therapy session (一次治疗)
例句: The doctor scheduled a session for next Tuesday. 医生预约了下周二的一次治疗。
16. operate
词性: 动词 (v.)
词义: 操作,运转;动手术
近义词: work, run, perform surgery
词性转换: operation (n.) 手术;操作; operator (n.) 操作员
常见搭配: operate a machine (操作机器); operate on sb. (给某人动手术)
例句: The new system is easy to operate. 新系统易于操作。
17. operate on
词性: 短语动词
词义: 给...动手术
近义词: perform surgery on
常见搭配: operate on a patient (给病人做手术)
例句: The surgeons will operate on her knee tomorrow. 外科医生明天将为她的膝盖做手术。
18. treat
词性: 动词 (v.)
词义: 治疗;对待;款待
近义词: cure, deal with, entertain
反义词: neglect (忽视,不治疗)
词性转换: treatment (n.) 治疗;对待
常见搭配: treat a disease (治疗疾病); treat sb. well/badly (对某人好/差)
例句: How do you treat a common cold? 你怎么治疗普通感冒?
19. carry on (with)
词性: 短语动词
词义: 继续(进行)
近义词: continue, go on (with)
反义词: stop, give up
常见搭配: carry on working (继续工作); carry on with the plan (继续执行计划)
例句: Despite the noise, she carried on with her reading. 尽管有噪音,她还是继续看书。
20. interview
词性: 名词/动词 (n./v.)
词义: n. 面试;采访; v. 面试;采访
近义词: n. meeting, questioning v. question
词性转换: interviewer (n.) 面试官; interviewee (n.) 被面试者
常见搭配: have an interview (参加面试); interview for a job (求职面试)
例句: I have a job interview tomorrow. (n.) 我明天有个工作面试。
21. grateful
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 感激的,感谢的
近义词: thankful, appreciative
反义词: ungrateful
词性转换: gratitude (n.) 感激
常见搭配: be grateful to sb. for sth. (因某事感谢某人)
例句: I am very grateful for your help. 我非常感谢你的帮助。
22. darkness
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 黑暗
近义词: blackness
反义词: light, brightness
词性转换: dark (adj.) 黑暗的
常见搭配: in the darkness (在黑暗中)
例句: The room was in complete darkness. 房间里一片漆黑。
23. blind
词性: 形容词/动词/名词 (adj./v./n.)
词义: adj. 失明的;盲目的; v. 使失明; n. 盲人(the blind)
近义词: adj. sightless
反义词: adj. sighted
词性转换: blindness (n.) 失明
常见搭配: go blind (失明); blind spot (盲点)
例句: The organization helps the blind to live independently. 该组织帮助盲人独立生活。
24. addition
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 增加;增加的人或物;加法
近义词: increase, supplement
反义词: subtraction (减法)
词性转换: add (v.) 增加; additional (adj.) 额外的
常见搭配: in addition (to) (除...之外(还))
例句: A new wing was built as an addition to the school. 新建了一栋侧楼作为学校的扩建部分。
25. in addition
词性: 短语副词
词义: 另外,加之
近义词: besides, furthermore, also
例句: The course is interesting. In addition, it’s very useful. 这门课程很有趣,此外,它非常有用。
辨析: in addition to 是介词短语,后接名词或动名词,意为“除...之外(还)”。如:In addition to English, he speaks French. 除了英语,他还会说法语。
26. directly
词性: 副词 (adv.)
词义: 直接地;立即
近义词: straight, immediately
反义词: indirectly
词性转换: direct (adj./v.) 直接的;指导
常见搭配: be directly related to (与...直接相关)
例句: You can contact me directly by phone. 你可以直接打电话联系我。
27. train
词性: 动词/名词 (v./n.)
词义: v. 训练,培训; n. 火车
近义词: v. coach, instruct n. railway
词性转换: trainer (n.) 教练; training (n.) 训练
常见搭配: train sb. to do sth. (训练某人做某事); catch a train (赶火车)
例句: Doctors train for many years. 医生要接受多年的培训。
28. leaflet
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 传单,小册子
近义词: pamphlet, brochure, flyer
常见搭配: hand out leaflets (散发传单)
例句: They were giving out leaflets about the health campaign. 他们在分发关于健康活动的传单。
29. hand out
词性: 短语动词
词义: 分发,散发
近义词: distribute, give out
反义词: collect, gather
常见搭配: hand out papers (分发试卷/文件)
例句: Volunteers handed out food and water to the victims. 志愿者们向灾民分发食物和水。
30. champion
词性: 名词/动词 (n./v.)
词义: n. 冠军;捍卫者; v. 捍卫,支持
近义词: n. winner, defender v. support, advocate for
反义词: n. loser
词性转换: championship (n.) 锦标赛;冠军地位
常见搭配: a world champion (世界冠军); champion a cause (支持一项事业)
例句: She is the swimming champion of our school. (n.) 她是我们学校的游泳冠军。
31. right
词性: 名词/形容词/副词 (n./adj./adv.)
词义: n. 权利;正确;右边; adj. 正确的;右边的; adv. 正确地;向右
近义词: n. entitlement, privilege adj. correct, proper
反义词: n. duty adj. wrong, left adv. left
词性转换: rightful (adj.) 合法的;正当的
常见搭配: human rights (人权); have the right to do sth. (有权做某事); turn right (向右转)
例句: Every child has the right to education. (n.) 每个孩子都有受教育的权利。
32. progress
词性: 名词/动词 (n./v.)
词义: n. 进步,进展; v. 进步,进展
近义词: n. advancement, development v. advance, improve
反义词: n. regress, setback v. regress
词性转换: progression (n.) 进展; progressive (adj.) 进步的
常见搭配: make progress (取得进步); in progress (在进行中)
例句: She has made great progress in her English studies. (n.) 她在英语学习上取得了巨大进步。
33. virus
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 病毒;(计算机)病毒
近义词: germ, bug
词性转换: viral (adj.) 病毒性的;病毒式的(传播)
常见搭配: a computer virus (电脑病毒); the flu virus (流感病毒)
例句: You should install software to protect your computer from viruses. 你应该安装软件来保护电脑免受病毒侵害。
34. miss out on
词性: 短语动词
词义: 错过(机会、乐趣等)
近义词: lose out on, fail to get
反义词: take advantage of
常见搭配: miss out on the fun (错过乐趣)
例句: If you don't come to the party, you'll miss out on all the fun. 如果你不来参加派对,你会错过所有的乐趣。
35. war
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 战争;斗争
近义词: conflict, battle, fight
反义词: peace
词性转换: warfare (n.) 战争(状态)
常见搭配: World War II (第二次世界大战); declare war on (向...宣战)
例句: The war caused great suffering. 战争造成了巨大的苦难。
36. influential
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 有影响力的,有权势的
近义词: powerful, important
反义词: insignificant, powerless
词性转换: influence (n./v.) 影响; influencer (n.) 有影响力的人
常见搭配: an influential person (有影响力的人)
例句: He wrote an influential book on modern art. 他写了一本关于现代艺术的有影响力的书。
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