内容正文:
译林版八年级下册 Unit 1 单词表
教师备课材料
单词表备课讲解
1. underground
词性: 名词 (n.) / 形容词 (adj.)
词义: (n.) 地铁;(adj.) 地下的
近义词: subway, metro
反义词: overground (地上的)
固定搭配: by underground, underground station
例句: Many people in big cities go to work by underground.
2. speed
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 速度
近义词: rate, velocity
固定搭配: at high speed, speed up (加速)
例句: The train runs at a speed of 300 kilometres per hour.
3. high-speed train
词性: 名词短语 (n.)
词义: 高速列车
相关词汇: bullet train
例句: High-speed trains make travel between cities much faster.
4. used to
词性: 短语动词
词义: 过去常常 (表示过去习惯现在已停止)
用法: used to + 动词原形
反义词: be used to (习惯于)
例句: I used to walk to school, but now I ride a bike.
5. crowded
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 拥挤的
近义词: packed, busy
反义词: empty, spacious
词性转换: crowd (n./v. 人群/拥挤)
固定搭配: crowded place, crowded bus
例句: The underground is always crowded during rush hour.
6. convenient
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 方便的,便利的
近义词: handy, easy
反义词: inconvenient
词性转换: convenience (n. 便利)
固定搭配: be convenient for sb, convenient time
例句: Online shopping is very convenient.
7. innovation
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 创新,革新
近义词: invention, new idea
词性转换: innovate (v. 创新),innovative (adj. 创新的)
固定搭配: technological innovation
例句: Shenzhen is known for its innovation in technology.
8. southern
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 南方的,南部的
反义词: northern
词性转换: south (n. 南方),southward (adv. 向南)
例句: Guangzhou is a city in southern China.
9. high-tech
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 高科技的
近义词: advanced, cutting-edge
反义词: low-tech
固定搭配: high-tech company, high-tech products
例句: The new factory uses high-tech equipment.
10. pioneer
词性: 名词 (n.) / 动词 (v.)
词义: (n.) 先驱,先锋;(v.) 开创,倡导
近义词: trailblazer, founder
词性转换: pioneering (adj. 开创性的)
固定搭配: pioneer in (某领域的先驱)
例句: He was a pioneer in computer science.
11. reform
词性: 名词 (n.) / 动词 (v.)
词义: 改革,改良
近义词: change, improvement
反义词: stagnation (停滞)
固定搭配: economic reform, reform and opening-up (改革开放)
例句: The government introduced new reforms in education.
12. very
词性: 副词 (adv.)
词义: 非常,很
近义词: extremely, really
用法: 修饰形容词或副词
例句: The city has changed very quickly in recent years.
13. at the heart of
词性: 介词短语
词义: 在...的中心/核心
近义词: in the centre of, central to
例句: Technology is at the heart of modern life.
14. technology
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 技术,科技
近义词: tech, engineering
词性转换: technological (adj. 技术的),technologist (n. 技术专家)
固定搭配: information technology (IT), science and technology
例句: Modern technology has changed our lives completely.
15. industry
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 工业,产业;勤奋
词性转换: industrial (adj. 工业的),industrious (adj. 勤奋的)
固定搭配: manufacturing industry, tourist industry
例句: The car industry is important for the country's economy.
16. giant
词性: 名词 (n.) / 形容词 (adj.)
词义: (n.) 巨人;大公司;(adj.) 巨大的
近义词: huge, enormous
反义词: tiny, small
固定搭配: industrial giant, tech giant
例句: Huawei is a Chinese technology giant.
17. lead
词性: 动词 (v.) / 名词 (n.)
词义: (v.) 领导,带领;导致;(n.) 领先地位
近义词: guide, direct
反义词: follow
词性转换: leader (n. 领导者),leadership (n. 领导力)
固定搭配: lead to, take the lead
例句: Good planning will lead to success.
18. move
词性: 动词 (v.) / 名词 (n.)
词义: 移动;搬家;步骤
近义词: shift, relocate
反义词: stay, remain
固定搭配: move to, make a move
例句: Many people move to cities to find better jobs.
19. wealth
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 财富;大量
近义词: riches, fortune
反义词: poverty
词性转换: wealthy (adj. 富有的)
固定搭配: a man of wealth, wealth of experience
例句: Education can help create wealth.
20. a wealth of
词性: 短语
词义: 大量的,丰富的
近义词: a lot of, plenty of
例句: The library has a wealth of information.
21. excellent
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 优秀的,极好的
近义词: outstanding, superb
反义词: poor, terrible
词性转换: excellence (n. 优秀)
固定搭配: excellent student, excellent quality
例句: She got excellent grades in all her exams.
22. educational
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 教育的,有教育意义的
词性转换: educate (v. 教育),education (n. 教育)
固定搭配: educational system, educational film
例句: The museum visit was both fun and educational.
23. award
词性: 名词 (n.) / 动词 (v.)
词义: (n.) 奖项,奖品;(v.) 授予,颁奖
近义词: prize, reward
固定搭配: win an award, award ceremony
例句: He won an award for his scientific research.
24. public
词性: 形容词 (adj.) / 名词 (n.)
词义: (adj.) 公共的,公众的;(n.) 公众,民众
近义词: common, general
反义词: private
固定搭配: public transport, in public
例句: The park is open to the public every day.
25. citizen
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 公民,市民
近义词: resident, inhabitant
词性转换: citizenship (n. 公民身份)
固定搭配: senior citizen, global citizen
例句: Every citizen has rights and responsibilities.
26. green-way
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 绿道,绿色通道
构成: green (绿色) + way (道路)
例句: Many cities are building green-ways for cycling and walking.
27. electric
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 电的,电动的
词性转换: electricity (n. 电),electrical (adj. 电气的)
固定搭配: electric car, electric light
例句: More people are buying electric vehicles to protect the environment.
28. planner
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 规划者,设计者
词性转换: plan (v./n. 计划),planning (n. 规划)
固定搭配: city planner, wedding planner
例句: City planners work to make our cities better places to live.
29. since
词性: 介词 (prep.) / 连词 (conj.)
词义: 自从...以来
用法: 常与现在完成时连用
固定搭配: since then, ever since
例句: I have lived here since 2010.
30. development
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 发展,开发
近义词: growth, progress
反义词: decline, underdevelopment
词性转换: develop (v. 发展),developing (adj. 发展中的)
固定搭配: economic development, housing development
例句: The rapid development of technology is amazing.
31. pioneering
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 开创性的,先驱的
近义词: innovative, groundbreaking
词性转换: pioneer (n./v. 先驱/开创)
固定搭配: pioneering work, pioneering spirit
例句: His pioneering research changed medicine forever.
32. creativity
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 创造力,创造性
近义词: imagination, originality
词性转换: create (v. 创造),creative (adj. 有创造力的)
固定搭配: show creativity, use one's creativity
例句: Art classes help students develop their creativity.
33. certainly
词性: 副词 (adv.)
词义: 当然,肯定地
近义词: definitely, surely
反义词: perhaps, maybe
例句: Technology will certainly continue to develop.
34. key
词性: 形容词 (adj.) / 名词 (n.)
词义: (adj.) 关键的,重要的;(n.) 钥匙;关键
近义词: important, essential
反义词: unimportant, minor
固定搭配: key point, key to success
例句: Education is key to personal development.
35. make a living
词性: 动词短语
词义: 谋生
近义词: earn a living, support oneself
例句: Many farmers make a living by growing vegetables.
36. world-famous
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 世界闻名的
近义词: internationally famous, globally known
构成: world (世界) + famous (著名的)
例句: Beijing is a world-famous city with a long history.
37. transport
词性: 名词 (n.) / 动词 (v.)
词义: (n.) 交通,运输;(v.) 运输
近义词: transportation, carriage
固定搭配: public transport, transport system
例句: The city needs to improve its transport system.
38. recently
词性: 副词 (adv.)
词义: 最近,近来
近义词: lately, currently
词性转换: recent (adj. 最近的)
用法: 常与现在完成时连用
例句: I have seen several good movies recently.
39. already
词性: 副词 (adv.)
词义: 已经
用法: 常与现在完成时连用,放在助动词后,实义动词前
反义词: not yet
例句: I have already finished my homework.
40. yet
词性: 副词 (adv.)
词义: 还,尚 (用于否定句);已经 (用于疑问句)
用法: 常与现在完成时连用
例句: Have you finished your homework yet? / No, not yet.
41. reporter
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 记者,通讯员
近义词: journalist, correspondent
词性转换: report (v./n. 报道),reporting (n. 报道工作)
固定搭配: news reporter, sports reporter
例句: The reporter interviewed the mayor about the new plan.
42. fall in love with
词性: 动词短语
词义: 爱上,喜欢上
近义词: come to love
例句: I fell in love with the city during my first visit.
43. line
词性: 名词 (n.) / 动词 (v.)
词义: (n.) 线,线路;排;(v.) 排队
固定搭配: bus line, in line, line up
例句: There is a new subway line connecting the airport to the city centre.
44. step
词性: 名词 (n.) / 动词 (v.)
词义: (n.) 脚步;步骤;(v.) 踏,走
固定搭配: take a step, step by step, watch your step
例句: Building a road is the first step in developing the village.
45. wide
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 宽的,广阔的
近义词: broad, expansive
反义词: narrow
词性转换: width (n. 宽度),widen (v. 加宽)
固定搭配: wide road, wide range
例句: The new road is much wider than the old one.
46. row
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 一排,一行;划船
固定搭配: in a row, front row
例句: There are rows of new houses along the street.
47. muddy
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 泥泞的,沾满泥的
近义词: dirty, soil-covered
反义词: clean
词性转换: mud (n. 泥)
固定搭配: muddy road, muddy shoes
例句: After the rain, the path became muddy and difficult to walk on.
48. villager
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 村民
词性转换: village (n. 村庄)
例句: The villagers welcomed us warmly when we arrived.
49. recent
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 最近的,近来的
近义词: latest, current
反义词: old, ancient
词性转换: recently (adv. 最近)
固定搭配: in recent years, recent news
例句: There have been many changes in the recent past.
50. hopeful
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 有希望的,充满希望的
近义词: optimistic, positive
反义词: hopeless, pessimistic
词性转换: hope (n./v. 希望)
固定搭配: be hopeful about, hopeful future
例句: The villagers are hopeful that tourism will improve their lives.
51. guest
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 客人,宾客
近义词: visitor, invitee
反义词: host (主人)
固定搭配: welcome guests, guest of honour
例句: We often have guests staying at our home.
52. guest house
词性: 名词短语 (n.)
词义: 宾馆,招待所
近义词: inn, bed and breakfast
例句: They stayed in a small guest house during their trip.
53. tourism
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 旅游业,旅游
词性转换: tourist (n. 游客),tour (n./v. 旅游)
固定搭配: develop tourism, cultural tourism
例句: Tourism is an important industry for many countries.
54. theme park
词性: 名词短语 (n.)
词义: 主题公园
固定搭配: Disney theme park
例句: The new theme park attracts thousands of visitors every day.
55. opinion
词性: 名词 (n.)
词义: 意见,看法
近义词: view, belief
固定搭配: in my opinion, public opinion
例句: In my opinion, public transport should be free for students.
56. common
词性: 形容词 (adj.)
词义: 常见的,普遍的;共同的
近义词: usual, ordinary, shared
反义词: uncommon, rare, unusual
固定搭配: common sense, have something in common
例句: It's common for young people to use smartphones these days.
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