内容正文:
Grammar
Unit 3 Teenage problems
To master object clauses introduced by question words.
To master the ways of giving suggestions.
学习目标
什么是宾语?
宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者。
宾语由名词、代词、不定式
或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。
I like my teacher.(名词作宾语)
I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语)
I decide to study hard.(不定式作宾语)
I know him .(代词作宾语)
Revision
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。它是众多从句中的一员,在复合句中作主句谓语动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语。在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语,
如: I know the man.
而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语,
如: I know that the man is a policeman.
主句 引导词 从句
学好宾语从句共有三关:
连接词——语序——时态
Are you ready?
连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
连接词
从句来源 连接词 备注
陈述句 that 口语或非正式文体中常省略
一般疑问句 if / whether
特殊疑问句 连接代词:who; whom; whose; which; what 等 在句中担任主、宾、定或表语。
连接副词:when; where; why; how等 在句中担任状语
Let’s learn
We use a question word to introduce an object clause that expresses a wh- question. The word order in the clause should be the same as that in a statement.
Tip:
Whom is an object pronoun. We can use who instead of whom.
pron. 谁(宾格)
新课讲授
My classmates have so many problems. Who can give them some advice?
Mr Friend
a youth worker
Help Millie complete her email with the correct question words.
who/whom
what/who
what
how
what
Dear Miss Na,
I feel proud that I can write to you.
I am a Grade 9 student and I like
singing very much.
I’m not sure ________________________________.
I wonder __________________________________.
I hope ____________________________________.
Yours sincerely
__________
Write to the most popular teacher Na Ying.
The singer Na Ying is one of the four coaches in the Voice of China. I’d like to ask her what I should do to take part in the program. Help me write a letter to her.
I like The Voice of China a lot. I want to take part in it. I spend so much time practising singing that I hardly have time for my schoolwork. I don’t know how I can achieve a balance between singing and my schoolwork.
Suppose you are a youth worker. Can you give me
some advice?
(1)宾语从句的时态:若主句是一般现在时,宾语从句要根据语境选择需要的时态;若主句是一般过去时,宾语从句通常要用过去的某种时态;若宾语从句表示的是客观事实或普遍真理,那么无论主句是什么时态,从句都要用一般现在时。例如:
I am not sure whose notebook this is. 我不确定这是谁的笔记本。
They knew when Jim would come. 他们知道吉姆什么时候会来。
The teacher said two and three makes five. 老师说二加三等于五。
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(2)当主句是“Could/Would you (please) tell us...”时,只是表示一种委婉的语气,而不表示过去,因此从句的时态不受其影响。例如:
Could you tell me where Alice is? 你能告诉我爱丽丝在哪里吗?
(3)含有宾语从句的复合句的标点取决于主句。当主句是陈述句或祈使句时,句末用句号;当主句是疑问句时,句末用问号。
(4)当know、tell、discuss、remember、forget、decide、show、teach等动词后接宾语从句,且从句与主句的主语一致时,由疑问词引导的宾语从句可转化成“疑问词+动词不定式结构”。例如:
I want to know how I can get there.→I want to know how to get there. 我想知道怎样去那里。
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提建议的几种句型
(1) “Why not...?”意为“为什么不……?”, not后接动词原形,相当于“Why don’t you...?”。例如:
Why not try once more?=Why don’t you try once more? 何不再试一下?
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(2)“Shall we...? ”意为“我们……好吗?”。shall we后接动词原形,语气委婉,商量的意味较浓。例如:
Shall we paint our bedroom blue? 我们把卧室刷成蓝色好吗?
(3)“Let’s...”意为“让我们/咱们……吧”。let’s后接动词原形。该句型用于直截了当地向对方提出建议。例如:
Let’s grow some flowers over there. 让我们/咱们在那儿种一些花吧。
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(4)“What/How about...?”意为“……怎么样?”或“……如何?”,about后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。例如:
What/How about eating less and exercising more? 少吃多运动怎么样?
(5) “You’d better (not) do sth.”意为“你最好(不要)做某事”,表示一种委婉的建议。例如:
You’d better go back home early. 你最好早些回家。
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宾语从句三要素
引导词
that(陈述句 )
if/whether(一般疑问句 )
特殊疑问词(特殊疑问句)
时态
主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态
主句为一般过去时
从句
一般过去时
过去将来时
过去进行时
过去完成时
语序
宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序
客观真理 自然现象
公式定理 名言警句 时态不变
Summary
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