精品解析：湖南衡阳市衡阳县2025-2026学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试卷

衡阳县2025年下学期高二期末质量检测 英 语 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号;回答非选择题时，用0.5mm的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是C。 1.When does the train leave? A.At 6:50. B.At 6:45. C.At 6:15. 2.What present does Terry get for his birthday? A.A notebook computer. B.A keyboard. C.An instrument. 3.What does the man like about Chongqing in particular? A.Its food. B.Its mountains. C.Its rivers. 4.What’s the woman’s problem? A.She couldn’t focus her mind on the paper. B.She didn’t finish her paper on time. C.She forgot to submit her paper. 5.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.Their great dreams. B.A graduate in history. C.An inspiring old man. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What does the woman say about the party? A.It is about film comments. B.It will be very interesting. C.Its characters are horrible. 7.What may the speakers do next? A.See a movie. B.Go to the woman’s house C.Buy some costumes. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.What is the man? A.A museum volunteer. B.A historian, C.A tour guide, 9.What will the speakers do after 11:30? A.Pick up some free brochures. B.Go to the Landers Art Gallery. C.Visit the Cumberland House. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10What has the man gained? A.A job. B.A pay rise. C.A qualification, 11.Which part of the test caused the man’s concern? A.Lights change. B.An emergency stop. C.Hill starts. 12.What does the man feel now? A.Proud. B.Worried. C.Relieved. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.What will the man and his uncle do first during the holiday? A.Travel around the city. B.Climb mountains. C.See a movie, 14.Why does the man want to drive to Palm Springs? A.To buy local food. B.To enjoy the scenery. C.To visit a friend on the way. 15.What does the woman plan to do the first week? A.Play with her sister. B.Travel with her parents. C.Do the gardening. 16.How will the woman learn swimming? A.By taking swimming classes B.By hiring a swimming instructor. C.By teaching herself. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.When did the speaker determine to become a mechanic? A.After he finished school. B.When he left home. C.In his childhood. 18.Why did the speaker leave his town? A.To become a sailor. B.To experience something new. C.To learn new technology. 19.What did the speaker think of the crew on the ship? A.Kind. B.Brave. C.Helpless. 20.What did the speaker do after returning to his country? A.He trained others. B.He opened a shop with friends. C.He set up his own business. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Here are some suggestions from nutrition (营养) experts on how to “winterize” your meals: Fresh fruits and vegetables Citrus fruits, including lemons, limes and oranges, are among the fresh fruit available in US stores in the winter. Other produce we connect with the cold weather are pumpkins and root vegetables like sweet potatoes, parsnips, beets and radishes. And do not overlook winter’s leafy greens. Experts suggest including more chicory (菊苣) into your winter diet. You can also try different kales (羽衣甘蓝) and the leafy tops of root vegetables, like radish greens. If fresh choices are limited, canned and frozen fruits and vegetables still have a lot of nutritional value. Just do not overcook them. Also make sure these foods do not have lots of added salt or fat. Dried fruits are good for winter meals. Nuts can also be tasty, nutritious and filling. Liquid meals Soups, stews and porridge have a long history. They often are made using just one cooking pot which can ease the whole process. They all can be frozen easily for a later meal. And you can put just about anything in them. Nutrients from the ingredients stay in the cooking liquid. These meals are also a way to try out different beans and legumes called a “nutritional powerhouse”. Cook for others Winter can be isolating for some people. So, join friends and family for meals even when it is not a holiday. Eating foods that are “in season” can help people connect with the sources of their food and with their environment. 1. What do citrus fruits include? A. Beets. B. Limes. C. Parsnips. D. Radishes. 2. What do we know about the recommended wintertime liquid meals? A. They are still nutritional. B. They are not easy to freeze. C. They are fresh, cheap and traditional. D. They mainly feature green leafy vegetables. 3. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To help people store various foods in winter. B. To introduce the types of American food. C. To change the eating habits of resisting severe cold. D. To show suggestions from nutrition experts on winter diet. B In the 1986 America’s Cup sailing race, a tough competition unfolded between the United States team and the Australian team. The Australian team had won the race multiple times before. Determined to take back the trophy(奖杯), the US team gathered plentiful capital and top sailors. They even designed a high-speed sailboat, making their goal of winning clear. When the race started, the US team took the lead right away. By the time they were just four nautical miles (海里) from the finish line, they were already three nautical miles ahead of the Australian team. It seemed victory was within their grasp. However, the wind direction at sea suddenly changed at this critical moment. The US team was now faced with a tough choice: should they adjust (调整) the sail angle? You see, there are two types of wind at sea — gusts and cyclones. If it was a gust, adjusting the sail would be the right move. But if it was a cyclone, any adjustment would be useless, as cyclones change direction constantly. Relying on his years of experience, the US team’s old captain decided it was a gust and ordered the crew to adjust the sail. Sadly, his judgment was wrong. It turned out to be a gust-like cyclone. The US sailboat spun (转动) around in place, wasting valuable time. Meanwhile, the Australian team chose not to adjust their sail and quickly caught up. In the end, the Australian team overtook the US team when they were just one nautical mile from the finish line and won the championship. After the race, most media blamed the old captain for the US loss. But a game theory expert had a different view. He said that in an uncertain situation, the US team shouldn’t have tried to judge the wind direction accurately. Instead, they should have watched the Australian team’s actions. If the Australians didn’t adjust their sail, the US team shouldn’t have either. That way, they could have kept their lead. 4. Why might the US team take the lead at the start? A. They had good funds, sailors and a good boat. B. They practiced sailing every single day. C. Australian team made a slow start. D. The wind helped the US team a lot. 5. What can we know about the Australian team? A. They wanted the US to win. B. They did not trust their captain. C. They made no sail adjustment. D. They knew the wind would change again. 6. What advice did the expert give? A. Better later than never. B. Copy the competitor’s move. C. It is never too old to learn and create. D. Trust the captain. 7. What would be the most suitable title for the text? A The Unpredictable Sea Winds B. A Race Lost at the Last Mile C. America’s Cup Sailing Race D. The Role of Experience in Sailing C A 14-year study of over 90, 000 adults presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress has revealed that “catch-up sleep” on weekends can reduce heart disease risk by up to 20%. The research, led by cardiovascular (心血管的) scientists from China’s Fuwai Hospital, tracked participants through the UK Biobank and found that those who got the most compensate (补偿的) weekend sleep were 19% less likely to develop heart disease compared to those who maintained consistent but insufficient sleep schedules. The protective effect was most dramatic for the 20% of participants classified as sleep-deprived— those getting fewer than seven hours nightly during weekdays. A separate NHANES study of 3, 400 Americans confirmed these findings, showing that weekend catch-up sleep duration of more than 2 hours was strongly associated with reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence when weekday sleep fell below six hours. But here’s what makes this discovery revolutionary: it directly challenges decades of sleep medicine orthodoxy (正统观念). While experts have long emphasized maintaining regular sleep to maintain circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), this research suggests that for individuals suffering from long-term lack of sleep, sleeping in on weekends may be more protective than maintaining a regular but insufficient sleep pattern. The study found specific reductions in stroke (中风) and coronary heart disease among weekend sleepers. Dr. Jim Liu from Ohio State University’s Wexner Medical Center explains the mechanism: “Insufficient sleep can increase the risk of developing hypertension, obesity, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease. On the other hand, making up for lost sleep can reduce such risks.” The American Heart Association now considers sleep one of the core components of heart health, ranking it alongside diet, exercise, and smoking cessation. With one in three American adults reporting insufficient daily sleep, this research suggests that weekend recovery sleep might serve as a crucial cardiac safety net for millions of people who are always tired. 8. Which group can benefit most from weekend catch-up sleep? A. People who sleep 8 hours every night. B. People who sleep less than 7 hours on weekdays. C. People who maintain a regular sleep schedule. D. People who often feel sleepy on weekdays. 9. What does the underlined word “prevalence” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Occurrence. B. Treatment. C. Prevention. D. Cure. 10. What is Jim Liu’s attitude towards the research results? A. Favourable. B. Doubtful. C. Negative. D. Unconcerned. 11. What is the main idea of the text? A. Americans need to sleep more on weekends. B. Long-term lack of sleep causes many diseases. C. Sleep medicine experts should change their advice. D. Weekend catch-up sleep can reduce heart disease risk. D The model called Agua Prope, meaning clean water, was presented by a team of middle school students from Houston. At the future City Nationals in Washington DC, the students’ goal was to build a city with a clean and reliable water supply. Many members on the Houston team have roots in Karachi, Pakistan largest and most contaminated (被污染的) city, where water shortages and access to clean water are a constant problem. Karachi is quite underdeveloped now. Unlike in America, a lot of people are on the streets — they don’t have water to drink or they’re drinking contaminated water. It’s very hard to even like showers over the day. The government in Karachi says the city supplies only half of the water it needs daily. The consequences of Karachi’s water problems are heartbreaking. UNICEF reports every year 53 thousand children die of diarrhea (腹泻) caused by drinking contaminated water. Students on the Houston team say their model includes a stable system, which monitors supply and demand, storage, filtration (过滤), and diversion of conventional as well as flood waters across the Jacksonville landscape. The project Agua Prope is located in Jacksonville Florida, where the main problems are storm surges, hurricanes and floods. Actually a lot of problems caused by water shortage and pollution are going on internationally right now, especially in coastal cities. There, limited access to clean drinking water or drinking contaminated water may lead to developmental disorders and cancer-related issues. Agua Prope model won the People’s Choice Award based on voting by the general public, and the best futuristic city award. This model calls for technology so advanced that it will be decades before it can be put into effect. But the students say they hope one day within the next 50 years their vision of a clean water city will become a reality. 12. Why did the students choose to focus on water problems? A. Their teacher forced them to choose this topic. B. Water problems are rare in their hometown. C. Many of them come from a city with serious water shortages. D. They wanted to win an international science competition. 13. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The effects of contaminated water in Karachi. B. The seriousness of water problems in Karachi and Pakistan. C. The solutions to water problems in Karachi. D. The history of water supply in Pakistan. 14. What problems does Jacksonville face? A. Earthquakes and droughts. B. Floods and hurricanes. C. Volcanic eruptions and storms. D. Sandstorms and water shortages. 15. What can we infer about the Agua Prope model from the last paragraph? A. It is already being used in some cities. B. It will be built in Jacksonville first. C. It is not yet possible to build with current technology. D. It is too expensive for any city to afford. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Can you think of a day without music? We can hear music everywhere: in the streets and at home, over the radio and on TV, in the shops and in the parks. ___16___ They listen to music, they dance to music, and they learn to play musical instruments. Music isn’t only a combination of pleasant sounds. It is an art which reflects life. There are a lot of different kinds of music. Some of them appeared long ago, and some are modern. Folk music appeared long ago, but it is still alive. Folk songs are very pleasant to listen to. ___17___ Rap is a modern musical style where the singer speaks or shouts the words in time to music with a steady beat. Great Britain has produced more popular music stars than any other country. British groups often set new trends in music. ___18___ Many of the new bands have been able to use changes in technology to develop their music such as computerised drum machines, synthesisers and other electronic instruments. ___19___ So people’s musical interests range from pop and rock music to classical music and opera. My favourite style of music is pop music, because it is full of energy. When I listen to pop music it makes me remember happy times and forget the problems of everyday life. I also enjoy listening to classical music. Music appeals to our hearts. ___20___ Music is beauty in sounds; it is our magic source of inspiration. A. Tastes differ. B. Music is quite unlike any other art form. C. It comforts our souls and enriches our minds. D. People all over the world are fond of music. E. Classical music is often associated with the music of the past. F. New styles, groups and singers continue to appear. G. Music is a great channel for releasing your emotions. 第三部分 语盲运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 There’s an autumn day that I recall (回想) every time I find myself caught up in the rush of life. One sunny afternoon, feeling ____21____ about the upcoming college applications, I decided to take a ____22____ from my studies. I headed outside to my backyard garden where I began to weed (除草) angrily, my ____23____ and depression (沮丧) pouring into each ____24____ pull of unwanted greenery. Mr. Jensen, a quiet man in his seventies living next door, was in his garden as usual, ____25____ his roses. Seeing my depression, he walked over and ____26____ started weeding alongside me. After a few minutes of shared silence, he finally ____27____. “You know,” he began, “weeding a garden is a lot like going through life.” A little puzzled, I ____28____ and looked at him. He continued, “Sometimes, we focus on the weeds — the ____29____ and difficulties — so much that we forget to enjoy the ____30____.” He gestured to the beautiful roses in his garden, their bright colours ____31____ in the afternoon sun. “Don’t forget to ____32____ the roses, even as you deal with the weeds.” That simple ____33____ hit me hard. I had been so focused on the ____34____ of my future, that I had forgotten to enjoy my present—the friendships, the joy of learning new things, and the ____35____ of simply being alive. That day, Mr. Jensen taught me a life lesson that I’ve carried with me ever since. 21. A. ashamed B. anxious C. novel D. incredible 22. A. shower B. walk C. chance D. break 23. A. eagerness B. gentleness C. annoyance D. genius 24. A. visible B. scientific C. hard D. vital 25. A. tending B. pulling C. obtaining D. seeking 26. A. silently B. entirely C. automatically D. abnormally 27. A. calmed down B. spoke up C. summed up D. straightened up 28 A. switched B. edged C. sneezed D. stopped 29. A. assessments B. consequences C. problems D. routines 30. A. passions B. patents C. soils D. flowers 31. A. shining B. differing C. reacting D. posing 32. A. appreciate B. boost C. detect D. adopt 33. A. theme B. tone C. wisdom D. theory 34. A. characteristic B. career C. devotion D. stress 35. A. embarrassment B. beauty C. conclusion D. entertainment 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese people have appreciated the beauty of lanterns since Han Dynasty. And it is customary ____36____ (admire) the charm of lanterns during Lantern Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. Lantern shows are held throughout the country ____37____ such occasions. Shows are held on snow and ice in Northeast China, ____38____ ice sculptures create a fairytale of light and color. Mentioning Chinese lanterns would not be complete without making mention of a city in Sichuan province, Zigong, often ____39____ (describe) as the City of Lanterns. The custom of enjoying lanterns on festivals began in Zigong as early as the Tang Dynasty. Most Chinese lanterns ____40____ (make) with wire structures and fabric coverings. To add to its beauty, Zigong craftsmen also use ____41____ (variety) of materials, such as silk, paper, bamboo and even porcelain. Lantern ____42____ (produce) is now a driving force for the local economy. At annual Zigong Lantern Show, visitors gather in Zigong to enjoy lanterns, as well as other recreational activities. The clever hands of Zigong craftsmen have also taken this ____43____ (nation) intangible heritage abroad, ____44____ (present) wonders of color and delight at lantern shows in more than 70 countries and regions worldwide. Zigong lanterns are now _____45_____ name card for their hometown and motherland. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你参加了你市以“最美公园”为主题的摄影比赛，并获得了一等奖。请你给澳大利亚朋友Mary写一封邮件分享这一消息，内容包括： 1. 介绍你作品； 2. 说明拍摄理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mary, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Recently, I started my first day of high school. A lot of people build up the first day to be the most intimidating (令人惊恐的) thing. I went from a tiny middle school to this giant high school and was expecting not to know where anything was. I also was panicking because I knew ninth grade would have higher expectations than eighth, and I wasn’t sure how I would do at taking on that challenge. The one thing that kept me calm was that my best friend Dora is actually at my new school, so I have someone to talk to or at least go to when I don’t know what I’m doing. I had to take the bus to school which was not something I’d had to do before. Dora and I took the bus together and we talked the whole way there about how we thought the first day would turn out. When we entered the school, everyone was hugging and saying hi and I was awkwardly standing there and holding onto my friend’s bag through the crowd of people. I hated crowds so I stayed with Dora who was probably annoyed by me holding onto her the whole morning. I started to calm down when we all were waiting for the first bell to ring. When Dora and I had to separate, I didn’t want to go to class. When I did, I simply stood at the door because I had no idea where to sit. I sat in the way back. My teacher seemed friendly so I was a little calm. My deskmate Jane barely talked, but when she did, she seemed really nice. Although a lot of students might not laugh when I made a strange joke, they weren’t rude. My teachers told us about the high expectations for their school and I was kind of worried because I came from a school where I didn’t have too much work or high expectations. After maths class, we needed to go to another classroom to have history class. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was a little scared because I had no idea where to go. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ During lunch, Jane and I joined Dora at a table. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衡阳县2025年下学期高二期末质量检测 英 语 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号;回答非选择题时，用0.5mm的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是C。 1.When does the train leave? A.At 6:50. B.At 6:45. C.At 6:15. 2.What present does Terry get for his birthday? A.A notebook computer. B.A keyboard. C.An instrument. 3.What does the man like about Chongqing in particular? A.Its food. B.Its mountains. C.Its rivers. 4.What’s the woman’s problem? A.She couldn’t focus her mind on the paper. B.She didn’t finish her paper on time. C.She forgot to submit her paper. 5.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.Their great dreams. B.A graduate in history. C.An inspiring old man. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What does the woman say about the party? A.It is about film comments. B.It will be very interesting. C.Its characters are horrible. 7.What may the speakers do next? A.See a movie. B.Go to the woman’s house C.Buy some costumes. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.What is the man? A.A museum volunteer. B.A historian, C.A tour guide, 9.What will the speakers do after 11:30? A.Pick up some free brochures. B.Go to the Landers Art Gallery. C.Visit the Cumberland House. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10.What has the man gained? A.A job. B.A pay rise. C.A qualification, 11.Which part of the test caused the man’s concern? A.Lights change. B.An emergency stop. C.Hill starts. 12.What does the man feel now? A.Proud. B.Worried. C.Relieved. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.What will the man and his uncle do first during the holiday? A.Travel around the city. B.Climb mountains. C.See a movie, 14.Why does the man want to drive to Palm Springs? A.To buy local food. B.To enjoy the scenery. C.To visit a friend on the way. 15.What does the woman plan to do the first week? A.Play with her sister. B.Travel with her parents. C.Do the gardening. 16.How will the woman learn swimming? A.By taking swimming classes B.By hiring a swimming instructor. C.By teaching herself. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.When did the speaker determine to become a mechanic? A.After he finished school. B.When he left home. C.In his childhood. 18.Why did the speaker leave his town? A.To become a sailor. B.To experience something new. C.To learn new technology. 19.What did the speaker think of the crew on the ship? A.Kind. B.Brave. C.Helpless. 20.What did the speaker do after returning to his country? A.He trained others. B.He opened a shop with friends. C.He set up his own business. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Here are some suggestions from nutrition (营养) experts on how to “winterize” your meals: Fresh fruits and vegetables Citrus fruits, including lemons, limes and oranges, are among the fresh fruit available in US stores in the winter. Other produce we connect with the cold weather are pumpkins and root vegetables like sweet potatoes, parsnips, beets and radishes. And do not overlook winter’s leafy greens. Experts suggest including more chicory (菊苣) into your winter diet. You can also try different kales (羽衣甘蓝) and the leafy tops of root vegetables, like radish greens. If fresh choices are limited, canned and frozen fruits and vegetables still have a lot of nutritional value. Just do not overcook them. Also make sure these foods do not have lots of added salt or fat. Dried fruits are good for winter meals. Nuts can also be tasty, nutritious and filling. Liquid meals Soups, stews and porridge have a long history. They often are made using just one cooking pot which can ease the whole process. They all can be frozen easily for a later meal. And you can put just about anything in them. Nutrients from the ingredients stay in the cooking liquid. These meals are also a way to try out different beans and legumes called a “nutritional powerhouse”. Cook for others Winter can be isolating for some people. So, join friends and family for meals even when it is not a holiday. Eating foods that are “in season” can help people connect with the sources of their food and with their environment. 1. What do citrus fruits include? A. Beets. B. Limes. C. Parsnips. D. Radishes. 2. What do we know about the recommended wintertime liquid meals? A. They are still nutritional. B. They are not easy to freeze. C. They are fresh, cheap and traditional. D. They mainly feature green leafy vegetables. 3. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To help people store various foods in winter. B. To introduce the types of American food. C. To change the eating habits of resisting severe cold. D. To show suggestions from nutrition experts on winter diet. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了营养专家关于如何让饮食“冬季化”的一些建议，包括新鲜水果和蔬菜、液体餐食以及为他人烹饪等方面。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Citrus fruits, including lemons, limes and oranges, are among the fresh fruit available in US stores in the winter.(柑橘类水果，包括柠檬、酸橙和橙子，是美国商店冬季有售的新鲜水果之一。)”可知，柑橘类水果包括酸橙。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Liquid meals(流质食物)”部分中“Nutrients from the ingredients stay in the cooking liquid.(食材中的营养成分会保留在烹饪的汤汁中)” 以及“These meals are also a way to try out different beans and legumes called a ‘nutritional powerhouse’.(这类食物也是尝试不同豆类的一种方式，豆类被称为‘营养宝库’)” 可知，推荐的冬季流质食物仍富含营养。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。文章开篇即点明“Here are some suggestions from nutrition experts on how to ‘winterize’ your meals:(以下是营养专家提出的一些关于如何‘冬季化’膳食的建议)”，后文围绕新鲜果蔬、流质食物、与他人共餐三个方面展开，均为冬季饮食建议。故选D。 B In the 1986 America’s Cup sailing race, a tough competition unfolded between the United States team and the Australian team. The Australian team had won the race multiple times before. Determined to take back the trophy(奖杯), the US team gathered plentiful capital and top sailors. They even designed a high-speed sailboat, making their goal of winning clear. When the race started, the US team took the lead right away. By the time they were just four nautical miles (海里) from the finish line, they were already three nautical miles ahead of the Australian team. It seemed victory was within their grasp. However, the wind direction at sea suddenly changed at this critical moment. The US team was now faced with a tough choice: should they adjust (调整) the sail angle? You see, there are two types of wind at sea — gusts and cyclones. If it was a gust, adjusting the sail would be the right move. But if it was a cyclone, any adjustment would be useless, as cyclones change direction constantly. Relying on his years of experience, the US team’s old captain decided it was a gust and ordered the crew to adjust the sail. Sadly, his judgment was wrong. It turned out to be a gust-like cyclone. The US sailboat spun (转动) around in place, wasting valuable time. Meanwhile, the Australian team chose not to adjust their sail and quickly caught up. In the end, the Australian team overtook the US team when they were just one nautical mile from the finish line and won the championship. After the race, most media blamed the old captain for the US loss. But a game theory expert had a different view. He said that in an uncertain situation, the US team shouldn’t have tried to judge the wind direction accurately. Instead, they should have watched the Australian team’s actions. If the Australians didn’t adjust their sail, the US team shouldn’t have either. That way, they could have kept their lead. 4. Why might the US team take the lead at the start? A. They had good funds, sailors and a good boat. B. They practiced sailing every single day. C. Australian team made a slow start. D. The wind helped the US team a lot. 5. What can we know about the Australian team? A. They wanted the US to win. B. They did not trust their captain. C. They made no sail adjustment. D. They knew the wind would change again. 6. What advice did the expert give? A. Better later than never. B. Copy the competitor’s move. C. It is never too old to learn and create. D. Trust the captain. 7. What would be the most suitable title for the text? A. The Unpredictable Sea Winds B. A Race Lost at the Last Mile C. America’s Cup Sailing Race D. The Role of Experience in Sailing 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述1986年美洲杯帆船赛，美国队因判断风况失误而失利。专家建议应观察对手行动，不盲目调整帆，以保持领先。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Determined to take back the trophy, the US team gathered plentiful capital and top sailors. They even designed a high-speed sailboat, making their goal of winning clear. When the race started, the US team took the lead right away.(美国队决心夺回奖杯，筹集了大量资金并招募了顶尖的帆船运动员。他们甚至设计了一艘高速帆船，明确了他们的获胜目标。比赛开始时，美国队立即领先。)”可知，美国队在开始时领先是因为他们有充足的资金、顶尖的帆船运动员和一艘好船。故选A项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Meanwhile, the Australian team chose not to adjust their sail and quickly caught up.(与此同时，澳大利亚队选择不调整他们的帆，并迅速赶了上来。)”可知，澳大利亚队没有调整他们的帆。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“He said that in an uncertain situation, the US team shouldn’t have tried to judge the wind direction accurately. Instead, they should have watched the Australian team’s actions. If the Australians didn’t adjust their sail, the US team shouldn’t have either.(他说，在不确定的情况下，美国队不应该试图准确判断风向。相反，他们应该观察澳大利亚队的行动。如果澳大利亚队不调整他们的帆，美国队也不应该调整。)”可知，专家给出的建议是模仿竞争对手的行动。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，本文主要讲述了在1986年美洲杯帆船赛中，美国队在领先的情况下，由于对风向的错误判断而调整了帆，最终在最后一海里被澳大利亚队超越并输掉了比赛。结合选项可知，B项“A Race Lost at the Last Mile(在最后一海里输掉的比赛)”最符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 C A 14-year study of over 90, 000 adults presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress has revealed that “catch-up sleep” on weekends can reduce heart disease risk by up to 20%. The research, led by cardiovascular (心血管的) scientists from China’s Fuwai Hospital, tracked participants through the UK Biobank and found that those who got the most compensate (补偿的) weekend sleep were 19% less likely to develop heart disease compared to those who maintained consistent but insufficient sleep schedules. The protective effect was most dramatic for the 20% of participants classified as sleep-deprived— those getting fewer than seven hours nightly during weekdays. A separate NHANES study of 3, 400 Americans confirmed these findings, showing that weekend catch-up sleep duration of more than 2 hours was strongly associated with reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence when weekday sleep fell below six hours. But here’s what makes this discovery revolutionary: it directly challenges decades of sleep medicine orthodoxy (正统观念). While experts have long emphasized maintaining regular sleep to maintain circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), this research suggests that for individuals suffering from long-term lack of sleep, sleeping in on weekends may be more protective than maintaining a regular but insufficient sleep pattern. The study found specific reductions in stroke (中风) and coronary heart disease among weekend sleepers. Dr. Jim Liu from Ohio State University’s Wexner Medical Center explains the mechanism: “Insufficient sleep can increase the risk of developing hypertension obesity, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease. On the other hand, making up for lost sleep can reduce such risks.” The American Heart Association now considers sleep one of the core components of heart health, ranking it alongside diet, exercise, and smoking cessation. With one in three American adults reporting insufficient daily sleep, this research suggests that weekend recovery sleep might serve as a crucial cardiac safety net for millions of people who are always tired. 8. Which group can benefit most from weekend catch-up sleep? A. People who sleep 8 hours every night. B. People who sleep less than 7 hours on weekdays. C. People who maintain a regular sleep schedule. D. People who often feel sleepy on weekdays. 9. What does the underlined word “prevalence” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Occurrence. B. Treatment. C. Prevention. D. Cure. 10. What is Jim Liu’s attitude towards the research results? A. Favourable. B. Doubtful. C. Negative. D. Unconcerned. 11. What is the main idea of the text? A. Americans need to sleep more on weekends. B Long-term lack of sleep causes many diseases. C. Sleep medicine experts should change their advice. D. Weekend catch-up sleep can reduce heart disease risk. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。两项研究证实，周末补觉可降低心脏病等心血管疾病风险，对工作日睡眠不足者保护作用显著，为睡眠不足人群提供心脏健康保障。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The protective effect was most dramatic for the 20% of participants classified as sleep-deprived—those getting fewer than seven hours nightly during weekdays. (这种保护作用在20%被归类为睡眠不足的参与者中最为显著 —— 这些人工作日每晚睡眠不足7小时。)”可知，工作日睡眠不足7小时的人从周末补觉中获益最多。故选B项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“A separate NHANES study of 3,400 Americans confirmed these findings, showing that weekend catch-up sleep duration of more than 2 hours was strongly associated with reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence when weekday sleep fell below six hours. (另一项针对3400名美国人的NHANES研究证实了这些发现，表明当工作日睡眠不足6小时时，周末补觉超过2小时与心血管疾病患病prevalence的降低密切相关。)” 可知，“周末补觉超过2小时”与“reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence”存在“密切相关”的关系，结合前文“降低疾病风险”的核心观点，可推断“reduced prevalence”对应“疾病发生概率降低”。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Dr. Jim Liu from Ohio State University’s Wexner Medical Center explains the mechanism: “Insufficient sleep can increase the risk of developing hypertension, obesity, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease. On the other hand, making up for lost sleep can reduce such risks.”(俄亥俄州立大学韦克斯纳医学中心的吉姆・刘博士解释了这一机制：“睡眠不足会增加患高血压、肥胖症、心律失常和冠心病的风险。另一方面，补觉可以降低这些风险。”)”可知，吉姆・刘博士通过解释补觉降低患病风险的机制，支持该研究结果，态度是赞同的。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A 14-year study of over 90,000 adults presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress has revealed that “catch-up sleep” on weekends can reduce heart disease risk by up to 20%.(一项为期14年、涉及9万多名成年人的研究在欧洲心脏病学会大会上公布，周末“补觉”可以将心脏病风险降低高达20%。)”及全文围绕该研究展开的验证、机制解释可知，文章核心是“周末补觉能降低心脏病风险”。故选D项。 D The model called Agua Prope, meaning clean water, was presented by a team of middle school students from Houston. At the future City Nationals in Washington DC, the students’ goal was to build a city with a clean and reliable water supply. Many members on the Houston team have roots in Karachi, Pakistan largest and most contaminated (被污染的) city, where water shortages and access to clean water are a constant problem. Karachi is quite underdeveloped now. Unlike in America, a lot of people are on the streets — they don’t have water to drink or they’re drinking contaminated water. It’s very hard to even like showers over the day. The government in Karachi says the city supplies only half of the water it needs daily. The consequences of Karachi’s water problems are heartbreaking. UNICEF reports every year 53 thousand children die of diarrhea (腹泻) caused by drinking contaminated water. Students on the Houston team say their model includes a stable system, which monitors supply and demand, storage, filtration (过滤), and diversion of conventional as well as flood waters across the Jacksonville landscape. The project Agua Prope is located in Jacksonville Florida, where the main problems are storm surges, hurricanes and floods. Actually a lot of problems caused by water shortage and pollution are going on internationally right now, especially in coastal cities. There, limited access to clean drinking water or drinking contaminated water may lead to developmental disorders and cancer-related issues. Agua Prope model won the People’s Choice Award based on voting by the general public, and the best futuristic city award. This model calls for technology so advanced that it will be decades before it can be put into effect. But the students say they hope one day within the next 50 years their vision of a clean water city will become a reality. 12. Why did the students choose to focus on water problems? A. Their teacher forced them to choose this topic. B. Water problems are rare in their hometown. C. Many of them come from a city with serious water shortages. D. They wanted to win an international science competition. 13. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The effects of contaminated water in Karachi. B. The seriousness of water problems in Karachi and Pakistan. C. The solutions to water problems in Karachi. D. The history of water supply in Pakistan. 14. What problems does Jacksonville face? A. Earthquakes and droughts. B. Floods and hurricanes. C. Volcanic eruptions and storms. D. Sandstorms and water shortages. 15. What can we infer about the Agua Prope model from the last paragraph? A. It is already being used in some cities. B. It will be built in Jacksonville first. C. It is not yet possible to build with current technology. D. It is too expensive for any city to afford. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了休斯顿中学生团队设计的“Agua Prope”净水城市模型，该模型旨在解决水资源短缺和污染问题。还描述了卡拉奇市严重的水问题及其危害，并说明了该模型的技术特点及面临的挑战，表达了学生对建设净水城市的愿景。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Many members on the Houston team have roots in Karachi, Pakistan largest and most contaminated (被污染的) city, where water shortages and access to clean water are a constant problem. (休斯顿队的许多成员都来自巴基斯坦最大且污染最严重的城市卡拉奇，在那里，水资源短缺和获取清洁水是一个持续存在的问题。)”可知，学生们选择关注水问题是因为他们中的许多人来自一个水资源严重短缺的城市。故选C项。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段中的“Karachi is quite underdeveloped now. Unlike in America, a lot of people are on the streets — they don’t have water to drink or they’re drinking contaminated water. It’s very hard to even like showers over the day. The government in Karachi says the city supplies only half of the water it needs daily. The consequences of Karachi’s water problems are heartbreaking. UNICEF reports every year 53 thousand children die of diarrhea (腹泻) caused by drinking contaminated water. (卡拉奇现在相当落后。与美国不同，很多人都在街上——他们没有水喝，或者喝的是被污染的水。甚至在白天洗澡都很难。卡拉奇政府表示，该市每天的供水量仅为所需水量的一半。卡拉奇水问题的后果令人心碎。联合国儿童基金会报告称，每年有5.3万名儿童死于饮用受污染水引起的腹泻。)”可知，第二段主要讲述了卡拉奇和巴基斯坦水问题的严重性。B选项“The seriousness of water problems in Karachi and Pakistan.(卡拉奇及巴基斯坦的水资源问题的严重性。)”概括本段主要内容，符合题意。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The project Agua Prope is located in Jacksonville Florida, where the main problems are storm surges, hurricanes and floods. (Agua Prope项目位于佛罗里达州的杰克逊维尔，那里的主要问题是风暴潮、飓风和洪水。)”可知，杰克逊维尔面临的问题是洪水和飓风。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“This model calls for technology so advanced that it will be decades before it can be put into effect. But the students say they hope one day within the next 50 years their vision of a clean water city will become a reality. (这种模式需要非常先进的技术，要几十年后才能付诸实施。但学生们表示，他们希望在未来50年内，他们的清洁水城市愿景能够成为现实。)”可知，模式需要非常先进的技术，要几十年后才能付诸实施，以目前的技术还无法建立Agua Prope模型。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Can you think of a day without music? We can hear music everywhere: in the streets and at home, over the radio and on TV, in the shops and in the parks. ___16___ They listen to music, they dance to music, and they learn to play musical instruments. Music isn’t only a combination of pleasant sounds. It is an art which reflects life. There are a lot of different kinds of music. Some of them appeared long ago, and some are modern. Folk music appeared long ago, but it is still alive. Folk songs are very pleasant to listen to. ___17___ Rap is a modern musical style where the singer speaks or shouts the words in time to music with a steady beat. Great Britain has produced more popular music stars than any other country. British groups often set new trends in music. ___18___ Many of the new bands have been able to use changes in technology to develop their music such as computerised drum machines, synthesisers and other electronic instruments. ___19___ So people’s musical interests range from pop and rock music to classical music and opera. My favourite style of music is pop music, because it is full of energy. When I listen to pop music it makes me remember happy times and forget the problems of everyday life. I also enjoy listening to classical music. Music appeals to our hearts. ___20___ Music is beauty in sounds; it is our magic source of inspiration. A. Tastes differ. B. Music is quite unlike any other art form. C. It comforts our souls and enriches our minds. D. People all over the world are fond of music. E. Classical music is often associated with the music of the past. F. New styles, groups and singers continue to appear. G. Music is a great channel for releasing your emotions. 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. F 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了音乐无处不在，是反映生活的艺术，介绍了不同种类的音乐、英国的音乐产业、人们音乐兴趣的多样性以及音乐对人们心灵的触动。 【16题详解】 由上文“We can hear music everywhere: in the streets and at home, over the radio and on TV, in the shops and in the parks.(我们到处都能听到音乐：在街上，在家里，通过收音机，在电视上，在商店里，在公园里。)”可知，本空应强调全世界人们对音乐的喜爱。D选项“People all over the world are fond of music.(世界各地的人们都喜欢音乐。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 【17题详解】 由上文“Folk music appeared long ago, but it is still alive. Folk songs are very pleasant to listen to.(民间音乐很早就出现了，但它仍然存在。民歌听起来很悦耳。)”及下文“Rap is a modern musical style where the singer speaks or shouts the words in time to music with a steady beat.(说唱乐是一种现代音乐风格，歌手随着音乐的稳定节奏说出或喊出歌词。)”可知，本空应在“传统民间音乐”与“现代说唱音乐”之间形成过渡，体现音乐风格的多样性。E选项“Classical music is often associated with the music of the past.(古典音乐通常与过去的音乐相关联。)”补充了另一种传统音乐类型，与上文的民间音乐、下文的现代说唱形成 “传统—现代”的对比，符合“不同音乐种类”的话题逻辑，符合题意。故选E。 【18题详解】 由上文“Great Britain has produced more popular music stars than any other country. British groups often set new trends in music.(英国产生的流行音乐明星比其他任何国家都多。英国乐队经常开创音乐新潮流。)”可知，本空应介绍音乐的发展情况。F选项“New styles, groups and singers continue to appear.(新的风格、乐队和歌手不断涌现。)”既呼应了上文“引领新潮流”，又为下文“新乐队”的内容做铺垫，符合逻辑，故选F。 【19题详解】 由下文“So people’s musical interests range from pop and rock music to classical music and opera. (因此人们的音乐兴趣从流行摇滚到古典音乐和歌剧不等。)”可知，本空应解释人们音乐兴趣多样的原因。A选项“Tastes differ.(品味不同。)”是下文“兴趣广泛”的原因，能引出下文，符合题意。故选A。 【20题详解】 由上文“Music appeals to our hearts.(音乐打动我们的心。)”及下文“Music is beauty in sounds; it is our magic source of inspiration.(音乐是声音中的美；它是我们神奇的灵感源泉。)”可知，本空应继续阐述音乐对人的积极影响，衔接“打动心灵”与“灵感源泉”。C选项“It comforts our souls and enriches our minds.(它慰藉我们的灵魂，丰富我们的思想。)” 从“心灵慰藉”和“思想丰富”两个角度补充了音乐的作用，能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。 第三部分 语盲运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 There’s an autumn day that I recall (回想) every time I find myself caught up in the rush of life. One sunny afternoon, feeling ____21____ about the upcoming college applications, I decided to take a ____22____ from my studies. I headed outside to my backyard garden where I began to weed (除草) angrily, my ____23____ and depression (沮丧) pouring into each ____24____ pull of unwanted greenery. Mr. Jensen, a quiet man in his seventies living next door, was in his garden as usual, ____25____ his roses. Seeing my depression, he walked over and ____26____ started weeding alongside me. After a few minutes of shared silence, he finally ____27____. “You know,” he began, “weeding a garden is a lot like going through life.” A little puzzled, I ____28____ and looked at him. He continued, “Sometimes, we focus on the weeds — the ____29____ and difficulties — so much that we forget to enjoy the ____30____.” He gestured to the beautiful roses in his garden, their bright colours ____31____ in the afternoon sun. “Don’t forget to ____32____ the roses, even as you deal with the weeds.” That simple ____33____ hit me hard. I had been so focused on the ____34____ of my future, that I had forgotten to enjoy my present—the friendships, the joy of learning new things, and the ____35____ of simply being alive. That day, Mr. Jensen taught me a life lesson that I’ve carried with me ever since. 21. A. ashamed B. anxious C. novel D. incredible 22. A. shower B. walk C. chance D. break 23. A. eagerness B. gentleness C. annoyance D. genius 24. A. visible B. scientific C. hard D. vital 25. A. tending B. pulling C. obtaining D. seeking 26. A. silently B. entirely C. automatically D. abnormally 27. A. calmed down B. spoke up C. summed up D. straightened up 28. A. switched B. edged C. sneezed D. stopped 29. A. assessments B. consequences C. problems D. routines 30. A. passions B. patents C. soils D. flowers 31. A. shining B. differing C. reacting D. posing 32. A. appreciate B. boost C. detect D. adopt 33. A. theme B. tone C. wisdom D. theory 34. A. characteristic B. career C. devotion D. stress 35. A. embarrassment B. beauty C. conclusion D. entertainment 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在准备大学申请时感到焦虑和沮丧，于是决定去后院花园除草放松心情。邻居Mr. Jensen注意到作者的情绪后，默默地和作者一起除草，并分享了关于生活与花园的深刻见解。他告诉作者，就像花园里有杂草和玫瑰一样，生活中也有问题和美好，不要只关注问题而忘记欣赏生活中的美好。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个阳光明媚的下午，我对即将到来的大学申请感到焦虑，我决定暂停学习。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. novel新颖的；D. incredible难以置信的。根据空后“about the upcoming college applications”和下文“my ____3____ and depression (沮丧)”可知，作者对即将到来的大学申请感到焦虑，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. shower淋浴；B. walk散步；C. chance机会；D. break休息。根据下文“I headed outside to my backyard garden”可知，作者决定暂停学习，take a break from“从……中休息一下”，故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我走到后院的花园，在那里我开始生气地除草，我的烦恼和沮丧倾注在用力清除每一根不需要的绿色植物上。A. eagerness急切；B. gentleness温和，柔和；C. annoyance烦恼，恼怒；D. genius天才，天赋。空处和“depression (沮丧)”并列，应是表达作者的消极情绪，annoyance符合语境，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. visible看得见的；B. scientific科学的；C. hard用力的；D. vital至关重要的。根据上文“I began to weed (除草) angrily”可知，作者心中不快，应是用力拔出不需要的杂草，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jensen先生，一个70多岁的安静的人，住在隔壁，像往常一样在他的花园里，照料他的玫瑰。A. tending照料；B. pulling拉；C. obtaining获得；D. seeking寻求。根据空前的“in his garden as usual”和语境可知，作者在花园里拔草，Jensen先生应是在花园里像往常一样照料玫瑰花，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：看到我的沮丧，他走过去，默默地在我身边除草。A. silently沉默地；B. entirely完全地；C. automatically自动地；D. abnormally异常地。根据下文“shared silence”可知，Jensen先生默默地在作者身边除草，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：大家都沉默了几分钟后，他终于开口了。A. calmed down冷静下来；B. spoke up大声说；C. summed up总结；D. straightened up挺直。根据下文““You know,” he began”可知，沉默过后Jensen先生开始说话，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有点困惑，停下来看着他。A. switched转换；B. edged徐徐移动；C. sneezed打喷嚏；D. stopped停止。根据下文“looked at him”可知，作者停止拔草，而是看着Jensen先生，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他接着说：“有时候，我们太关注杂草——问题和困难——而忘记了欣赏花朵。”A. assessments评估；B. consequences结果；C. problems问题；D. routines常规。空处和“difficulties”并列，根据上文“we focus on the weeds”可知，杂草是打理花园需要清除的东西，故指生活中的问题和困难，故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. passions激情；B. patents专利；C. soils土壤；D. flowers花。根据下文“He gestured to the beautiful roses in his garden”可知，此处指过于关注杂草而忽视了欣赏花朵，此处flowers和上文的weeds相对，故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他指着花园里美丽的玫瑰，它们鲜艳的颜色在午后的阳光下闪闪发光。A. shining闪耀，发光；B. differing不同于；C. reacting作出反应；D. posing产生，引起。根据下文“in the afternoon sun”可知，此处指“花儿鲜艳的颜色在午后的阳光下闪闪发光”，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“别忘了欣赏玫瑰，即使你在处理杂草。”A. appreciate欣赏；B. boost促进；C. detect发现，侦查；D. adopt采取。根据上文“so much that we forget to enjoy the ____10____.”可知，上文提到人们会忘记欣赏美丽的花儿，此处提醒作者别忘记欣赏花儿，和enjoy同义，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这句简单的智慧深深打动了我。A. theme主题；B. tone语调；C. wisdom智慧；D. theory理论。根据上文““Don’t forget to ____12____ the roses, even as you deal with the weeds.”可知，Jensen先生说的不要因杂草而忽略玫瑰是一句富有哲理的人生感悟，属于人生智慧，故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直把注意力集中在未来的压力上，而忘记了享受现在——友谊、学习新事物的乐趣，以及活着的美好。A. characteristic特点；B. career事业；C. devotion奉献；D. stress压力。根据上文“feeling ____1____ about the upcoming college applications,”可知，作者因大学申请而感到焦虑，这种焦虑属于压力。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. embarrassment尴尬；B. beauty美好，美妙；C. conclusion结论；D. entertainment娱乐。上文Jensen先生提醒作者要欣赏花儿的美丽，结合“enjoy my present”可知，此处是列举当下一切美好的事情，指“活着的美好”。故选B。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese people have appreciated the beauty of lanterns since Han Dynasty. And it is customary ____36____ (admire) the charm of lanterns during Lantern Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. Lantern shows are held throughout the country ____37____ such occasions. Shows are held on snow and ice in Northeast China, ____38____ ice sculptures create a fairytale of light and color. Mentioning Chinese lanterns would not be complete without making mention of a city in Sichuan province, Zigong, often ____39____ (describe) as the City of Lanterns. The custom of enjoying lanterns on festivals began in Zigong as early as the Tang Dynasty. Most Chinese lanterns ____40____ (make) with wire structures and fabric coverings. To add to its beauty, Zigong craftsmen also use ____41____ (variety) of materials, such as silk, paper, bamboo and even porcelain. Lantern ____42____ (produce) is now a driving force for the local economy. At annual Zigong Lantern Show, visitors gather in Zigong to enjoy lanterns, as well as other recreational activities. The clever hands of Zigong craftsmen have also taken this ____43____ (nation) intangible heritage abroad, ____44____ (present) wonders of color and delight at lantern shows in more than 70 countries and regions worldwide. Zigong lanterns are now _____45_____ name card for their hometown and motherland. 【答案】36. to admire 37. on 38. where 39. described 40. are made 41 varieties 42. production 43. national 44. presenting 45. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国灯笼文化。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在元宵节和中秋节欣赏灯笼的魅力是一种习俗。“It is +形容词+ to do sth.”为常用句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，所以此处用to admire。故填to admire。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：在这样的场合，全国各地都会举办灯展。“on... occasions”为固定搭配，意为“在……场合”，所以此处填on。故填on。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在中国东北，灯会在冰雪上举行，在那里冰雕营造出一个光与色的童话世界。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“Northeast China”，表示地点，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导该定语从句。故填where。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：提到中国灯笼，就不能不提到四川省的一座城市——自贡，它常被称为“灯城”。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词“would not be”，describe需用非谓语形式。describe与逻辑主语“Zigong”之间是被动关系，即“自贡被称为”，所以用过去分词described作后置定语。故填described。 【40题详解】 考查动词语态和时态。句意：大多数中国灯笼是用金属丝结构和织物覆盖物制作而成的。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时。“Most Chinese lanterns”与“make”之间是被动关系，即“灯笼被制作”，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are +过去分词”，主语“Most Chinese lanterns”是复数，所以用are made。故填are made。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：为了增添其美感，自贡的工匠们还使用各种材料，如丝绸、纸张、竹子甚至瓷器。“varieties of...”为固定短语，意为“各种各样的……”，所以此处用varieties。故填varieties。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：灯笼制作现在是当地经济的一个驱动力。根据空前的“Lantern”及空后的“is”可知，此处应用名词production作主语，意为“生产，制作”，不可数。故填production。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：自贡工匠们的巧手还将这一国家级非物质文化遗产带到了国外，在全球70多个国家和地区的灯展上展示色彩的奇妙与欢乐。此处修饰名词“intangible heritage”，应用形容词national，意为“国家的，国家级的”。故填national。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：自贡工匠们的巧手还将这一国家级非物质文化遗产带到了国外，在全球70多个国家和地区的灯展上展示色彩的奇妙与欢乐。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词“have taken”，present需用非谓语形式。present与逻辑主语“The clever hands of Zigong craftsmen”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词presenting作伴随状语。故填presenting。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：自贡灯笼现在是它们家乡和祖国的一张名片。“name card”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一张名片”，且“name”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你参加了你市以“最美公园”为主题的摄影比赛，并获得了一等奖。请你给澳大利亚朋友Mary写一封邮件分享这一消息，内容包括： 1. 介绍你的作品； 2. 说明拍摄理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mary, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Mary, I’m thrilled to share great news with you — I won the first prize in our city’s photography contest with the theme of “the Most Beautiful Park”! My winning work is a morning scene of Green Lake Park. In the photo, the sun rises gently behind the pine trees, casting soft golden light on the lake. A group of elderly people are doing tai chi by the water, and a little girl is feeding white ducks with a smile. The whole picture is filled with peace and vitality. I chose to shoot this scene because Green Lake Park is my favourite place. It not only has beautiful natural scenery but also carries the daily joys of our citizens. Every time I go there, I feel relaxed and happy, so I wanted to capture this warmth and share it with others. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本书面表达属于应用文。要求给澳大利亚朋友Mary写一封邮件分享自己参加以“最美公园”为主题的摄影比赛，获得了一等奖的消息。 详解】1.词汇积累 激动：thrilled→ecstatic 赢得第一名：win the first prize→claim the first prize 比赛：contest→competition 放松的：relaxed→leisurely 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I won the first prize in our city’s photography contest with the theme of “the Most Beautiful Park”! 拓展句：I won the first prize in our city’s photography contest whose theme was “the Most Beautiful Park”! 【点睛】【高分句型1】In the photo, the sun rises gently behind the pine trees, casting soft golden light on the lake.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】I chose to shoot this scene because Green Lake Park is my favourite place.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Recently, I started my first day of high school. A lot of people build up the first day to be the most intimidating (令人惊恐的) thing. I went from a tiny middle school to this giant high school and was expecting not to know where anything was. I also was panicking because I knew ninth grade would have higher expectations than eighth, and I wasn’t sure how I would do at taking on that challenge. The one thing that kept me calm was that my best friend Dora is actually at my new school, so I have someone to talk to or at least go to when I don’t know what I’m doing. I had to take the bus to school, which was not something I’d had to do before. Dora and I took the bus together and we talked the whole way there about how we thought the first day would turn out. When we entered the school, everyone was hugging and saying hi and I was awkwardly standing there and holding onto my friend’s bag through the crowd of people. I hated crowds so I stayed with Dora who was probably annoyed by me holding onto her the whole morning. I started to calm down when we all were waiting for the first bell to ring. When Dora and I had to separate, I didn’t want to go to class. When I did, I simply stood at the door because I had no idea where to sit. I sat in the way back. My teacher seemed friendly so I was a little calm. My deskmate Jane barely talked, but when she did, she seemed really nice. Although a lot of students might not laugh when I made a strange joke, they weren’t rude. My teachers told us about the high expectations for their school and I was kind of worried because I came from a school where I didn’t have too much work or high expectations. After maths class, we needed to go to another classroom to have history class. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was a little scared because I had no idea where to go. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ During lunch, Jane and I joined Dora at a table. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I was a little scared because I had no idea where to go. The hallways were a sea of unfamiliar faces, and the noise level was overwhelming. I clutched my schedule tightly, trying to navigate through the bustling crowds. Dora had a different schedule, so I was on my own. I felt like everyone else knew exactly where they were going, while I was lost in a maze. Suddenly, I heard Jane call my name. With the help of Jane, I found my next classroom just as the bell rang. I slipped into a seat, feeling relieved but still nervous about what the rest of the day would bring. During lunch, Jane and I joined Dora at a table. At first, I introduced Jane to Dora. Then Dora introduced us to some of her other friends, and although I was still a bit shy, I tried to join in the conversation. It was comforting to have a familiar face and to see that not everyone was as confident as they seemed. As the day went on, I started to feel more comfortable. By the end of the day, I realized that high school wasn’t as intimidating as I had feared, and I was ready to face the challenges ahead with a bit more confidence. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者初入高中的经历。从担忧不安开始，因不熟悉环境、担心学业挑战而紧张。坐公交进校后，在人群中局促，上课也有些无措。不过，在朋友和同桌的帮助下，逐渐适应，午餐时融入交流，最终发现高中没那么可怕，有了面对挑战的信心。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我有点害怕，因为我不知道该往哪儿走。走廊里都是陌生的面孔，嘈杂声震耳欲聋。”可知，第一段可描写作者在陌生环境中感到害怕和无助，不知道该去哪里，但最终在同桌Jane的帮助下找到了教室。 ②由第二段首句内容“午饭时，Jane和我与Dora在一张桌子旁坐下。”可知，第二段可描写作者在午餐时与朋友和同桌交流，逐渐感到舒适和自信，意识到高中并没有那么可怕。 2.续写线索： 害怕无助——寻找教室——得到帮助——找到座位——午餐交流——逐渐自信——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①紧握：clutch tightly/grasp firmly/hold tight ②.加入：join in/participate in/take part in ③.意识到：realize/become aware of/recognize 情绪类 ①.宽慰的：relieved/eased/comforted ②.紧张的：nervous/anxious/uneasy 【点睛】[高分句型1]. I slipped into a seat, feeling relieved but still nervous about what the rest of the day would bring.（句中含有现在分词作状语以及what引导宾语从句） [高分句型2]. By the end of the day, I realized that high school wasn’t as intimidating as I had feared, and I was ready to face the challenges ahead with a bit more confidence.（句中含有that引导宾语从句，as...as引导状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $