Unit8语法讲解及习题 动词不定式（to-infinitive）作目的状语_宾语补足语-2025-2026学年冀教版八年级英语上册

冀教英语八上Unit8语法讲解及习题 动词不定式（to-infinitive）作目的状语/宾语补足语 一、语法定义 动词不定式（to + 动词原形）在本单元中主要有两个核心功能： 1. 作目的状语：表示动作的目的，意为“为了……” 2. 作宾语补足语：补充说明宾语的动作，用于“动词+宾语+to do”结构 二、核心用法（重点必背·配单元例句） （一）作目的状语 结构：To + 动词原形 + 主句 或 主句 + to + 动词原形 例句： To carry out the task, a group of 369 foresters was organised.（为了执行这项任务） They used science and technology to help trees survive.（为了帮助树木存活） （二）作宾语补足语 结构：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + to + 动词原形 常见接不定式作宾补的动词（本单元核心）： inspire sb. to do（激励某人做某事）：The Saihanba Spirit inspired the foresters to complete the difficult task. help sb. (to) do（帮助某人做某事）：They helped trees (to) survive harsh conditions. want sb. to do（想要某人做某事）：I want you to join the environmental activity. 三、语法规则 1. 目的状语的位置 可放在句首（强调目的）或句末（补充说明） 例：To protect the environment, we should plant more trees.（句首） 例：We should plant more trees to protect the environment.（句末） 2. 宾补的否定形式 在to前加not 例：The teacher asked us not to litter in the park. 3. help的特殊用法 help后接不定式作宾补时，可省略to 例：They helped trees (to) survive harsh conditions. 四、习题（30题 ） （一）基础层（10题·识别用法+基础填空） 1. 识别下列句子中不定式的用法（A. 目的状语 / B. 宾语补足语） 1. To protect the forest, they worked hard. → __________ 2. The government inspired people to plant trees. → __________ 3. We use solar energy to save electricity. → __________ 4. He wants me to join the volunteer team. → __________ 5. To finish the work, they stayed up late. → __________ 2. 用所给动词的不定式形式填空 6. __________ (improve) the environment, we should reduce waste. 7. The foresters worked hard __________ (create) a green world. 8. The story inspired us __________ (protect) nature. 9. We need more people __________ (join) the environmental project. 10. They used new methods __________ (help) trees grow. （二）进阶层（10题·单选+句型转换） 1. 单选 11. __________ protect the Earth, we should use reusable bags. A. For B. To C. With 12. The teacher encouraged us __________ more trees. A. plant B. to plant C. planting 13. We go to the park __________ fresh air. A. to breathe B. breathe C. breathing 14. My parents want me __________ a volunteer in the activity. A. be B. to be C. being 15. They developed new technology __________ trees survive. A. help B. to help C. helping 2. 句型转换（合并句子） 16. We should save water. We want to protect the environment. → We should save water __________ __________ the environment. 17. The government organised foresters. They wanted to turn the desert into forest. → The government organised foresters __________ __________ the desert into forest. 18. He told me. I should recycle waste. → He told me __________ __________ waste. （三）综合层（10题·短文填空+语境运用） 1. 短文填空（用所给动词的不定式形式） Saihanba was once a desert. __________ (19. change) the situation, the government organised 369 foresters in 1962. They worked hard __________ (20. create) a green forest. The harsh conditions inspired them __________ (21. try) harder. They used science __________ (22. help) trees survive. After over 50 years, Saihanba became the largest human-made forest in the world. Now, people go there __________ (23. enjoy) the fresh air. The story encourages us __________ (24. protect) the environment. We should take action __________ (25. make) the world greener. 2. 语境运用（选择合适的不定式完成句子） （可选词：to protect, to improve, to join, to create, to breathe） 26. We should plant more trees __________ the air quality. 27. She invited me __________ the environmental club. 28. They built a park __________ a better living space. 29. We need to use public transport __________ the environment. 30. People go to the forest __________ fresh air. 五、习题答案及解析 （一）基础层答案及解析 1. A（To protect the forest 表目的） 2. B（inspired people to plant trees 中to plant是宾补） 3. A（to save electricity 表目的） 4. B（wants me to join 中to join是宾补） 5. A（To finish the work 表目的） 6. To improve（句首作目的状语） 7. to create（句末作目的状语） 8. to protect（inspired us to protect 中to protect是宾补） 9. to join（need more people to join 中to join是宾补） 10. to help（used new methods to help 中to help是目的状语） （二）进阶层答案及解析 11. B（To protect 表目的，句首用不定式） 12. B（encourage sb. to do 是固定结构） 13. A（to breathe fresh air 表目的） 14. B（want sb. to be 是固定结构） 15. B（developed new technology to help 中to help是目的状语） 16. to protect（合并为“为了保护环境”） 17. to turn（合并为“为了把沙漠变成森林”） 18. to recycle（合并为“他告诉我要回收垃圾”） （三）综合层答案及解析 19. To change（句首作目的状语） 20. to create（句末作目的状语） 21. to try（inspired them to try 中to try是宾补） 22. to help（used science to help 中to help是目的状语） 23. to enjoy（go there to enjoy 中to enjoy是目的状语） 24. to protect（encourages us to protect 中to protect是宾补） 25. to make（take action to make 中to make是目的状语） 26. to improve（“为了改善空气质量”） 27. to join（“邀请我加入环保俱乐部”） 28. to create（“为了创造更好的居住空间”） 29. to protect（“为了保护环境”） 30. to breathe（“为了呼吸新鲜空气”） ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $