Unit 4 Natural disasters 一轮复习 课件-2026届高三英语一轮复习人教版（2019）必修第一册

高三一轮复习 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 人教版•英语•必修一 1 梯级训练 循序渐进 2 Part 1 基础达标练 维度一 语境辨义练 Ⅰ.熟词生义 1.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code （代码） that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. ____________ v.驱动;促进 adj.令人头晕的 晦涩难懂的 3 2.（2023·全国甲卷）Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.___________ v.大量涌入 3.We have already discussed this matter at length.________ 详尽地 4 2.shelter A.n.遮蔽;避难 B.n.遮蔽物;避难处 C.v.保护;庇护 D.v.躲避（风雨或危险） ①（2024·浙江1月卷）I mean to make an actual phone call—not to shelter from the rain. ___ D ②（2023·浙江1月卷）Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators（传粉昆虫）...___ B ③People were desperately seeking shelter from the gunfire.___ ④You can't shelter the children from the real life forever.___ A C 5 维度二 考点强化练 1.（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）I bought a desk and asked for it _______________（deliver） to my house this Friday. to be delivered 2.（2024·浙江1月卷）If I ever get ________（trap） outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly, no longer be able to connect me with my keys. trapped 3.（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）Besides, working in the garden seems to have a ________（calm） effect ____Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. calming on 系动词 6 4.Thousands of homes and government buildings lay ___ ruins, along with crucial rice crops. 5.The government has supplied plenty of food and clothes ___the earthquake-stricken area since the earthquake occurred. 6.As is often the case, smile is so _________（power） that it can give those _________（suffer） great courage. in to powerful sufferers 这是常有的事 7 语篇填空 一文练透 8 As we all know, disasters like tornadoes, droughts, floods, landslides, volcanic eruptions, typhoons, hurricanes and earthquakes always occur one after another,1.________（cause） great damage to many countries. Among them the earthquake has the 2.______ （bad） effects. The 1976 Tangshan earthquake caused more than 240,000 3._______（death）. More than 90 percent of homes lay in ruins and people suffered a lot, which shocked the world. causing worst deaths occurred-occurred V-ing表自然而然，意料之中的结果 在……之中（三者或三者以上） 9 Food, water and electricity were hard 4._______（get）. Everywhere the survivors saw were destroyed bricks, deep cracks in village wells and useless metals as if the world were at an end. Rescue teams dug out 5.____trapped, buried the dead, and built shelters in the open air. With unified efforts and wisdom of all people, the city revived 6.______（it） and began to breathe again. to get the itself dig-dug-dug wise adj.明智的→ wisdom n.智慧 Earthquakes under the sea can also cause tsunamis. The tsunami that 7._______（strike） Asia in 2004 crashed into coastlines. Huge waves swept away many people and houses. Many countries aided these areas 8.____delivering food and supplies by helicopter. ［Some tips for 9.__________ （emergent）:※ Keep calm ※ Tap on a pipe or whistle for help ※ Stay away from power lines ※ Survive on 10.______ you have on hand ※ Keep first aid kits at home］ struck by emergency what strike--struck--struck sweep--swept--swept 核心考点 精讲精练 12 Part 1 重点单词 1 affect vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动 〈变〉affection n. 喜爱 〈近〉influence （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.人工智能将影响我们所有人，如 果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本书。 13 14 ①（人教·X3U3）It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts，because this is the most serious issue _________ （affect） all of us on this planet. affecting ②Measures should be taken by the government to prevent people from ______________（affect） by the serious haze. ③Fathers have an enormous effect ________their children's personalities and chances of marital happiness. being affected on/upon 霾 巨大的 15 ④Many young people were deeply affected by his story and began to do voluntary work for the disabled.（升级句式） →__________________his story, many young people began to do voluntary work for the disabled.（过去分词短语作状语） Deeply affected by 16 2 effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 〈变〉effortless adj.容易 的；不费力气的 （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.这种创新的设计几 乎不需要付出什么努力就能实现每周可靠的新鲜蔬菜供应。 17 18 ①（译林·B1U1）As a senior high school student，you must make efforts ___________（improve） your communication and problem- solving skills. to improve ②No pains, no gains. I am convinced that _____ your great efforts, you will enjoy a colorful and fruitful life here. with 一份耕耘，一分收获 19 ③Let's start now and ________________________________.让我们 从现在开始，不遗余力地美化我们的城市。（倡议书） spare no effort to beautify our city ④She took a deep breath and _______________________________. 她深深地吸了一口气，费力地慢慢地坐了起来。（读后续写·动作 描写） sat up slowly with great/an effort 20 3 shock vt.（使）震惊；使触电 n.休克；打击；震惊；令人震 惊的事 〈变〉shocking adj.令人震惊的 shocked adj.感到震惊的 （2022·浙江卷）People from cultures that value relationships more than ours does are shocked by the thought of eating alone in front of a computer.那些来自比我们更重视人际关系的文化背景的 人一想到独自在电脑前吃饭就感到震惊。 21 22 ①（人教·X2U2）In addition，different approaches to teaching and learning may come as a shock ___ many students. ②Looking at the house which lay in ruins ___shock, he called 911 immediately to rescue the trapped people. ③I was so angry that I walked out, leaving him sitting there ________（shock） and white-faced. to in shocked 23 ④So many people were injured in the earthquake. All of us were shocked.（句式升级） →So many people were injured in the earthquake, _____________ ____________________________________.（定语从句） →___________________________was that so many people were injured in the earthquake.（主语从句） which shocked all of us/which made all of us shocked What made all of us shocked 24 4 bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏；使陷入；使专心 （2022·新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷·读后续写）David still refused to look at me， with his head buried in his arms.大卫仍然拒绝看我，他的头埋在 胳膊里。 25 26 ①（外研·X4U5）Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city _______（bury） deep in the jungle. buried ②The earthquake brought an ancient city to light that ________________ （bury） under volcanic ash for thousands of years. had been buried v.发现 bring ... to light揭示，揭露，使……为人所知 bring ... to life使……栩栩如生，使生动 27 ③He wept sadly and buried his face in his hands.（读后续写·动 作描写） →He wept sadly,___________________________.（动词-ing形式作 状语） →He wept sadly,__________________________.（独立主格结构） burying his face in his hands his face buried in his hands 28 5 suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.因（疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦 〈变〉suffering n.痛苦；苦恼 sufferer n.患者；受害者 （2024 ·新课标Ⅰ卷）He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.20年前， 当他背部疼痛难忍时，他开始对替代疗法感兴趣。 29 30 ①（译林·X1U2）The next two movements are full of desperate lows and uplifting highs which perhaps reflect both his _________ （suffer） and his strong will to fight it. suffering ②_______________（suffer） defeat after defeat, he began to lose faith in himself， but his mother's words motivated him. Having suffered ③There are always some ups and downs in our lives, but _____________________________________.生活中总有一些起起伏 伏,但是正是苦难让我们变得更加坚强。（读后续写·主旨升华） it is the suffering that makes us stronger 绝望的 低谷 振奋的 高潮 意志 31 6 strike vt.& vi.（struck，struck/stricken） 击打；侵袭；罢工； 袭击；报时；划（火柴）；忽然想起 n.罢工；罢课；袭击 〈变〉striking adj.显著的；突出的；惊人的；打击的；罢工的 （2021·全国乙卷）His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout.他的话让 我感到奇怪。毕竟,公用办公区域通常也使用开放式的办公室布局。 32 Ⅱ.一词多义 1.strike A.v.敲打 B.v.使突然想起 C.v.罢工 D.v.（灾难、疾病等）侵袭 E.v.把……迷住 F.v.敲;鸣;报时 ①When I entered the room, the clock had just struck ten.___ ②Strike the iron while it's hot.___ ③The union has voted to strike for a pay increase of 6%.___ F A C 趁热打铁 33 ④A terrible earthquake did strike the northeast of Japan.___ ⑤It struck us that we could follow the stream back to the farmhouse.___ ⑥The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake.___ D B E 某人突然想到...... It struck sb. that... It occurred to sb. that... It hit sb. that... 34 35 ①（译林·X1U4）With ________ （strike） imagination in expressions like “scaring dwellers on high”，this early poem already displayed signs of a romantic style，which was later to characterize Li Bai's poetry. striking ②Mount Tai has struck its beauty _____ my heart, as a result, it strikes me _____ I will visit it a second time. into that 36 ③Because I was struck with what he had done for me, I couldn't contain myself, tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks. （读后续写·心理描写） →___________________________________, I couldn't contain myself, tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks.（过去分词短语 作状语） Struck with what he had done for me 37 7 survive vi.幸免；幸存；生还 vt.幸存；比……活得长 〈变〉survival n.幸存；遗物；幸存物 survivor n.幸存者； 死里逃生的人 surviving adj.依然存在的 38 （2023·北京卷）That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn't. 这个我可以在沙发上完成而不是在炎热的沙漠中完成的项目,不仅在 封锁期间幸存下来,而且在传统方法不奏效的地方发挥了作用。 39 40 ①（外研·X1U2）Rowling had spent years surviving ____ little money, spending all her time writing. on ②（北师大·X1U3）Of course，as we humans depend on so many species for our ________（survive）， we would also be at risk of dying out. survival die out灭绝 41 ③Though the main building was destroyed, the library still survives ___ a museum. as ④Life isn't about ________________________， but about learning to dance in the rain.生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存,而在于学会在 雨中翩翩起舞。（读后续写·主旨升华） how to survive the storm 42 Part 2 短语句式 8 as if 引导表语从句 （2023·全国乙卷）Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 室内植物看起来似乎只是静静地待着，无所事 事,但在很多方面,它们都是家里的无名英雄。 43 44 ①（译林·X1U2）When the two lovers, Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai，first meet，the music is light and pleasant，as if ___________ （whisper） to the audience. whispering ②（译林·X1U4）Second，approach the poem as if you ______ （be） an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. were 45 ③Hurry up! It looks as if the train __________________________ _______.快点！看样子火车好像两分钟后就要开动了。 is going to move in two minutes ④（2022·新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷·读后续写）David insisted on running __________________________________.David坚持跑,好像忘记了自 己的弱点。 as if he had forgotten his weaknesses 46 9 be doing...when... （2024·北京卷）I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an announcement.我正在教室里看书，突然传来了一则 广播。 47 一……就…… ------------- 48 ①（译林·X2U1）I was about to have a bath ______ I heard people screaming and dogs barking. ②We _____________（pack） to leave for a weekend when my sister heard cries for help. when were packing 49 ③（2021·新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷·读后续写）The twins had hardly stewed chicken porridge when their father stepped into the kitchen. （升级句式） →_______________________________________________ their father stepped into the kitchen.（倒装） Hardly had the twins stewed chicken porridge when ④（2023·浙江1月卷·读后续写）______________________________ _________________________________________________the hummingbird appeared.我正要离开,蜂鸟出现了。 I was just about to leave when/I was on the point of leaving when/I was leaving when 50 Part 2 写作衔接练 写作一 应用文增分练（新闻报道·地震救助） 上个月，你的家乡遭遇了一场地震。你是校英文报的记者，请 写一篇报道，详细介绍地震造成的破坏以及灾后的重建工作。 51 Ⅰ.按要求完成句子 1.上个月,一场可怕的地震突然袭击了我的家乡,造成了巨大的破坏。 （strike; damage; 动词-ing形式作结果状语） __________________________________________________________ ____________________________ Last month, a terrible earthquake struck my hometown all of a sudden, causing great damage. 52 2.这场地震影响了许多人,摧毁了许多房屋和道路,使得无数家庭遭受 了重大损失。（affect; suffer） __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ The earthquake affected many people， and destroyed lots of houses and roads, making a great many families suffer a great loss. 3.幸运的是,士兵们前来帮助搜寻幸存者,并救出一些被困在废墟中的 人。（survivor; rescue; trap; ruin） __________________________________________________________ ___________________________________ Luckily, the soldiers came to help search for the survivors and rescued some people trapped in ruins. 53 4.许多热心的人竭尽全力为受难者提供避难所，捐赠医疗物资，这 些物资很快被运送到了灾区。（effort; shelter; sufferer； supply； disaster； which引导定语从句） __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ A lot of warm-hearted people made great efforts to offer shelters to the sufferers and donate medical supplies which were quickly transported to the disaster area. 54 5.慢慢地，灾区又开始恢复生机，其交通、工业和环境都得到了巨 大的改善。（breathe； improve） __________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ →________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ （用with的复合结构升级句式） Slowly, the disaster area began to breathe again; its traffic, industry and environment have been greatly improved. Slowly, the disaster area began to breathe again, with transportation, industry and environment greatly improved. 55 Ⅱ.衔接成文 ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 56 参考范文 Last month, a terrible earthquake struck my hometown all of a sudden, causing great damage. The earthquake affected many people， and destroyed lots of houses and roads, making a great many families suffer a great loss. 57 Luckily, the soldiers came to help search for the survivors and rescued some people trapped in ruins. A lot of warm-hearted people made great efforts to offer shelters to the sufferers and donate medical supplies which were quickly transported to the disaster area. Slowly, the disaster area began to breathe again, with transportation, industry and environment greatly improved. 写作二 读后续写主题练（心理描写·害怕与恐惧） Ⅰ.素材积累 单词 terror→terrify→terrified→terrifying; panic→panicked; scare→scared→scary; fright→frighten→frightened→frightening; dreadful （可怕的）； terrible/horrible/awful; tremble/shake/shiver； sweat（出汗）； freeze（吓呆）； flee（逃离）； scream 短语 be afraid/frightened/scared of... 害怕…… be seized/overwhelmed by panic/horror惊慌失措/惊恐万分 59 短语 be in panic/terror惊慌地/恐惧地 be consumed by fear and unease 被恐惧和不安所吞噬 be numb/frozen with fear吓呆了 stand rooted to the spot with fear 吓得呆若木鸡地站着 shake/tremble with terror/horror吓得发抖 have one's heart in one's mouth某人吓得心提到了嗓子眼 be scared to death吓得要死 be pale with fright吓得面无人色 a flood of fear wells up in sb恐惧涌上心头 make one's hair stand on end使某人毛骨悚然 续表 60 句子 ①（外研·B2U6）People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made things worse. It made people frightened of sharks, especially of the great white shark.人 类本就害怕鲨鱼，但电影《大白鲨》让情况变得更糟。它让 人们对鲨鱼，特别是大白鲨，心生恐惧。 ②（外研·X4U6）Instantaneously, excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure.激动和乐观瞬间化为恐惧和 挫败。 续表 61 句子 ③（译林·X3U3）Russell felt his blood freeze， but he quickly came to himself and rushed up to the deck. Russell 感到自己的血液都凝固了，但是他很快镇定下来，冲上了 甲板。 ④A flood of fear welled up in her as she walked down the empty street.走在空荡荡的街道上，一阵恐惧涌上她的 心头。 ⑤Frozen with fear, he was too scared to move an inch. 他因恐惧而僵住了，害怕得一步也不敢动。 续表 62 Ⅱ.对点场景练 灾害救助（2024·湖北武汉高三上阶段练习）Though ①_____________________, we worked together to find a safe place to take shelter. At the thought of the sudden earthquake, we ②________________________________. I ③_________________ _______and ④___________________ along the way. Luckily, we found a nearby park that was relatively undamaged in the earthquake and started to set up camp there. overwhelmed by panic were consumed by fear and unease turned pale with fright trembled with terror 63 We used whatever materials we could find to build a temporary shelter. We shared our resources with each other. Every time there was a slight noise, we ⑤____________________ and ⑥_______________________________. We took turns to keep a watch out for any signs of danger. were seized by panic stood rooted to the spot with fear 尽管被恐慌所笼罩，但我们还是一起努力找了一个安全的地 方躲避。一想到刚才突然的地震，我们就被恐惧和不安所吞噬。我 吓得脸色苍白，一路上还因恐惧而颤抖。幸运的是，我们找到了附 近一个在地震中相对未受损的公园，并开始在那里扎营。我们用能 找到的任何材料搭建一个临时避难所。我们相互分享资源。每次有 一点轻微的声响，我们就会惊慌失措，吓得呆若木鸡。我们轮流站 岗放哨，留意任何危险的迹象。 65 $