Unit 2 Stay Healthy 表建议的情态动词（should、could）和反身代词-【简语法-单元核心语法精练】英语八年级下册（人教版）

该初中英语单元复习资料以“Stay Healthy”为主题，聚焦表建议的情态动词（should、could）和反身代词，通过表格系统梳理语法形式、用法及典型例句，结合使用注意事项解析和“单项选择-完成句子-语篇应用”的分层练习，构建“基础回顾-专项突破-综合提升”的完整学习路径，体现知识建构的系统性和连贯性。 亮点在于情境化语法实践设计，如语法填空Passage 6以“植物间的化学交流”为语篇主题，要求学生运用反身代词及情态动词完成填空，在理解科学文本的同时提升语言能力和思维品质。资料还包含反身代词固定搭配对比表等知识框架工具，助力学生精准掌握语法细节，为教师提供“语法梳理-情境应用-能力评估”的一体化复习教学方案，有效支持单元复习效率提升。

单元核心语法精练 Unit 2 Stay Healthy（新教材人教版） （表建议的情态动词（should、could）和反身代词） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 表格梳理了单元核心语法中表建议的情态动词（should、could）和反身代词的形式、用法、句式及典型例句，清晰呈现其功能特点与应用场景。 语法模块 具体内容 典型例句及翻译 一、表建议的情态动词 1. should（语气较强、直接，表 “应该”） - 核心用法：基于常识、责任、优势提建议，含劝告意味 - 否定式：shouldn’t（不应该） - 疑问句：Should + 主语 + 动词原形？（肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + should.） ① You should brush your teeth twice a day.（你应该每天刷两次牙。） ② You shouldn’t stay up too late.（你不应该熬夜。） ③ —Should I lie down and rest? —Yes, you should.（— 我应该躺下休息吗？— 是的，你应该。） 2. could（语气委婉、试探，表 “可以”） - 核心用法：委婉提建议、求助开场，给对方选择自由 - 否定式：couldn’t（不可以） - 疑问句：Could + 主语 + 动词原形？（表请求，肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + can.） ① You could try calling him again.（你可以试试再给他打个电话。） ② What could I get for my mum’s birthday?（我妈妈生日我可以送点什么？） ③ —Could you give me a hand? —Sure.（— 你能帮我一下吗？— 当然可以。） 二、反身代词 1. 形式（单复数对应） - 单数：myself（我自己）、yourself（你自己）、himself（他自己）、herself（她自己）、itself（它自己） - 复数：ourselves（我们自己）、yourselves（你们自己）、themselves（他们 / 她们 / 它们自己） - 构成规则：一、二人称（形容词性物主代词 + self/selves）；第三人称（宾格 + self/selves） ① She taught herself English.（她自学英语。） ② The children dressed themselves quickly.（孩子们很快自己穿好了衣服。） 2. 核心用法 - 作宾语：动作承受者为执行者自身 - 作同位语：加强语气，位于被强调词后 - 固定短语：enjoy oneself（玩得高兴）、by oneself（独自）、help oneself to...（随便吃 / 用） ① The little boy can dress himself now.（这个小男孩现在能自己穿衣服了。） ② You yourself can do it well.（你自己能把它做好。） ③ We enjoyed ourselves at the party.（我们在派对上玩得很开心。） 使用注意事项 1. should 与 could 的语气差异：should 提建议更直接，带有 “理应如此” 的意味；could 更委婉，仅为参考性建议，不强迫对方接受。 2. 反身代词的指代一致：反身代词需与主语在人称、数上保持一致（如主语为 we，对应 ourselves；主语为 they，对应 themselves）。 3. 反身代词的固定搭配：不可混淆短语用法，如 “help oneself to sth.” 中，oneself 需根据主语调整（如 “Help yourselves to cakes.” 对复数主语）。 4. could 的双重功能：could 既可以表过去的能力，也可以表委婉建议 / 请求，需结合语境判断；表请求时，否定回答常用 “I’m sorry, but you couldn’t.” 或 “I’m afraid not.”。 一、单项选择 1. —Should I tell my parents that I will come back home late? —________. Or they will be worried. A．Yes, you will B．Yes, you should C．No, I don’t D．No, you shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我应该告诉父母我会晚回家吗？——是的，你应该。否则他们会担心。     考查情态动词should引导的一般疑问句的回答。根据“Should I tell my parents that I will come back home late?”及“Or they will be worried.”可知，说话者建议“应该告知父母”，故选B。 2. ---I have sore eyes.  ---You _____ play computer games too long. A．must B．shouldn’t C．had better D．don’t 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意:---我的眼睛很痛。---你不应该玩电脑游戏太久了。A. must 必须； B. shouldn’t 不应该； C. had better 最好；D. don’t不要。由句意可知，不应该。故选B。 考点：考查情态动词。 3. —What is the story you read just now about? —We ______ judge (判断) people by their looks because their true beauty starts on the inside. A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．must D．can 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你刚才读的故事是关于什么的？——我们不应该以貌取人，因为真正的美源自内在。     考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不需要；must必须；can能够/可以。根据“their true beauty starts on the inside”可知，传达的是“以貌取人是不合理的”，故用shouldn’t表示“不应该”，故选A。 4. —Mum, it’s too hot. ________ I swim in the lake with my friends? —No, you ________. That’s too dangerous! A．Must; needn’t B．Could; can’t C．Could; couldn’t D．Can; needn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，太热了。我能和我的朋友们在湖里游泳吗？——不，你不能。那太危险了！ 考查情态动词的用法。must必须；needn’t不必；could可以，能（can的过去式或表示委婉语气）；can’t不能；couldn’t不能（can’t的过去式）；can可以，能。根据句意可知，第一空是表示委婉语气的请求，用could；第二空是表示否定回答，且语气强硬，表示“不能”，用can’t。故选B。 5. Mr. Green taught _______ English in our school and taught_______ French at home. A．us, his B．him, us C．our, himself D．us, himself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：格林老师在学校教我们的英语，在家他自学法语。 考查代词。us我们，宾格；him他；our我们的；his他的；himself他自己；根据句意理解可知，这里第一空是表达“某人”，空格在动词后面做宾语，所以应该用宾格，所以C排除；而第二空表达的是“自学”，英语是teach oneself，而这里主语是Mr. Green，所以这里应该指代的是“他自己”，英语是himself，故选D。 【点睛】英语中代词的用法要注意区别，有些与汉语之间还是有些区别。比如本题中第一空虽然可以翻译成“教我们的英语”，但是英语中这里只能用宾格us，因为teach是动词，而不是用物主代词our，做题还是要根据英语的句子成分来分析。 6. The old man was very happy to see that the children enjoyed ________. A．himself B．herself C．ourselves D．themselves 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这位老人看到孩子们玩得很开心，他感到非常高兴。 考查反身代词。himself他自己；herself她自己；ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己。根据“The old man was very happy to see that the children enjoyed….”可知句子主语是the children，而enjoy oneself表示“玩得开心”，要表达孩子们玩得开心，应用themselves。故选D。 7. In a few years, perhaps robots will think on their own and act for ________ not for us A．them B．themselves C．you D．yourselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：几年后，也许机器人会为自己思考，为自己行动而不是为了我们。 考查反身代词。them它们；themselves它们自己；you你；yourselves你自己。根据“think on their own”可知表达的是“为自己行动”，根据主语“robots”可知用“themselves”。故选B。 8. We are going to enjoy________on Children’s Day. A．us B．our C．my D．ourselves 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们打算在儿童节那天玩得开心。 考查代词辨析。us我们，宾格；our我们的，物主代词；my我的，物主代词；ourselves我们自己，反身代词。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，空处用反身代词，故选D。 9. —I don’t care what other people think. —Well, you ________. After all, some opinions are worth weighing. A．might B．should C．could D．would 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我不在意别人怎么想的。——嗯，你应该在意。一些想法值得权衡。 考查情态动词。might可能；should应该；could能够；would将。根据“some opinions are worth weighing”可知，此处表示应该在意别人的看法，用情态动词should。故选B。 10. The boy did his homework with the help of his father in the past. But now he can do it alone. A．for himself B．on himself C．by himself D．with himself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在过去，这个男孩在他的父亲的帮助下做作业，但是现在他能够独自完成了。 考查短语辨析。for himself为自己； on himself靠自己；by himself通过自己，靠自己； with himself和自己。on himself前与动词depend搭配；结合语境可知选Ｃ。 11．—Jeff, you ________ swim alone. It’s dangerous.   —Sorry, I won’t. A．can B．must C．should D．shouldn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——杰夫，你不应该一个人游泳。这很危险。——对不起，我不会的。 考查情态动词辨析。can能够/可以，表能力或许可；must必须，强调主观意愿；should应该，表建议；shouldn’t不应该。根据下文“It’s dangerous”，可知不建议独自游泳，前面三项不合语境，故选D。 12．My mum tells me that _____ before I finish my homework. A．you shouldn’t watch TV B．I shouldn’t watch TV C．you should watch TV D．I should watch TV 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妈妈告诉我在我写完作业之前，我不应该看电视。考查宾语从句。根据题干是tell sb. sth. 为固定结构，意为“告诉某人某事”，故此处应是宾语从句。宾语从句应使用陈述句语序即“疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他”，妈妈是告诉我不应该看电视，故选B 13．—David, ________ you please sweep the floor? —OK, Dad. A．could B．may C．should D．must 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——大卫，你能扫扫地吗？——好的，爸爸。 考查情态动词辨析。could能；may可能；should应该；must必须。根据“…you please sweep the floor?”可知，此处表示委婉的请求，应该用could。故选A。 14．With their new lock, you __________ search for keys in your bag any more. Isn’t it cool? A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：有了他们的新锁，你就不必再在包里找钥匙了。很酷吧？ A. needn’t不必，不需要；B. can’t不能；C. mustn’t一定不要；D. shouldn’t不应该。根据With their new lock, you __________ search for keys in your bag any more. 有了他们的新锁，你就_______ 再在包里找钥匙了。可知，应该选择needn’t不必，不需要；符合语境。故选A。 15．We _____ always be thankful to our teachers for their support. A．must B．should C．can D．could 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们应该永远感谢老师的支持。考查情态动词。A. must必须，描述原则性问题，语气强；B. should应该，理应如此，表示责任、义务、道义上等；C. can能、会； D. could能、会，语气委婉。本句中“感谢”老师这件事，“道义上”理应如此。故选B。 二、完成句子 16．我们应该每天做运动。 exercise every day. 【答案】 We   should   【详解】“我们”we，作主语；“应该”should，情态动词，后跟动词原形。故填We；should。 17．——妈妈，我能邀请我的朋友们来我们的新家吗？ ——当然可以，彼得。 —Mum, invite my friends to our new house? —Sure, Peter. 【答案】 Can/May/Could I 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“我能……吗”，是表达请求的一般疑问句，可以用情态动词Can或May或Could引导，主语为“I”。故填Can/May/Could；I。 18．The children had a good time in Shanghai Wild Animal Park. (句意相同) The children in Shanghai Wild Animal Park. 【答案】 enjoyed themselves 【详解】句意：孩子们在上海野生动物园玩得很开心。have a good time=enjoy oneself，根据“children”可知，应用themselves，原句中had是动词过去式，故改写后的句子enjoy也用过去式，故填enjoyed；themselves。 19．女士，打扰了。我们正在找新华书店。你能给我们指路吗? , madam. We are looking for Xinhua Bookstore. you show us the way? 【答案】 Excuse me Can/Could 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，前两空表示“打扰了”，“Excuse me”是日常用语，通常用于打扰别人、引起别人注意时使用，意思是“打扰了，劳驾”，所以第一空填“Excuse me”符合语境；第三空表示“能”，可以用情态动词“Can/Could”提问，向对方提出请求。故填Excuse；me；Can/Could。 20．琳达，请你扫一下地，好吗？ Linda, you please the floor? 【答案】 could sweep 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处考查情态动词could引导的疑问句，表请求；sweep“打扫”，情态动词后用其原形。故填could；sweep。 21．Why don’t you come here earlier?(同义句转换) You here earlier. 【答案】 should come 【详解】句意：你为什不早点来？“Why don’t you come here earlier? 你为什么不早点来？”也可以说成“你应该早点来”，表示“应该”用情态动词shuld，后接动词原形come，故填should；come。 22．你不应该迟交作业。 You hand in your homework late. 【答案】 should not 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“不应该”，其对应的英文表达是“should not”，用于表达建议或义务上的否定，故填should；not。 23．你能帮我找找钥匙吗？我找不到它们了。 you help me my keys? I can’t find them. 【答案】 Could look for 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空一处用could“能”，表示委婉请求；look for“寻找”，help sb do sth.“帮助某人做某事”。故填Could；look；for。 24．You should lie down and rest. (改为否定句) You down and rest. 【答案】 shouldn’t lie 【详解】句意：你应该躺下休息。本句含情态动词should，改为否定句在情态动词后加not，后接动词原形。故填shouldn’t；lie。 25．你不应该花太多的时间玩电脑游戏。要好好学习。 You spend too much time computer games. You should study hard. 【答案】 shouldn’t playing 【详解】根据语境，英语shouldn't意为“不应该”，情态动词后接动词原形；play computer games意为“打电脑游戏”；spend+时间+ doing sth意为“花时间做某事”；可知空格2填动名词；故填shouldn’t；playing。 26．你能帮我把这些书搬到书房吗？ you please help me these books to the study? 【答案】 Could move/to move 【详解】根据中英文可知，本句是表示礼貌请求的句型，用“Could you please...?”表示“你能……吗？”，“搬到”move，help sb (to) do sth“帮助某人做某事”，故填Could；move/to move。 27．我们想要自己解决这道难题。 We want to work out this difficult problem . 【答案】 by ourselves 【详解】by oneself表示“单独地，独自地”，此处主语是we，表示“我们自己”用ourselves。故填by；ourselves。 28．孩子们不应该总是依靠父母，因为他们必须学会独立。 Children always    parents， they must learn independence. 【答案】 shouldn’t depend on because 【详解】不应该：shouldn't，是一个情态动词，后接动词原形；依靠：depend on，句子主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词用原形；因为：because，是一个连词，后接句子，引导原因状语从句，故填shouldn't，depend on，because。 29．他们应该为自己感到骄傲。 They should of . 【答案】 be proud themselves 【详解】be proud of“为……自豪”，是形容词短语，should后用动词原形；主语是they，反身代词用themselves。故填be；proud；themselves。 30．I want to use your bike. (改为委婉语气)       your bike? 【答案】 Could I use 【详解】句意：我想用你的自行车。根据题干要求是要用委婉语气，could可以表示委婉语气，且要用疑问句式，故应为Could I use your bike?，故填Could；I；use。 三、语法选择 Passage 1 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个 选项中选出一个最佳的答案。 Our class had the most exciting trip last year—we visited the Zhuhai Air Show! It was 1 unforgettable experience for all of us. On the morning of the visit, I asked my teacher, “ 2 I take photos with my camera?” She smiled and said, “Yes, you can, but don’t forget 3 with our group.” 4 we arrived, we were excited to see the latest J-20 fighter jets. The fighter jets flying in the sky were 5 than any other planes in the show. Then we visited the main exhibition (展览) hall. My friend Tom wanted to buy 6 special for his little brother. He found a beautiful model plane and asked me, “Can you help me choose a better one?” I agreed 7 and helped him compare several different 8 . Finally, he bought two amazing model planes. 9 the end of the visit, our teacher said, “These amazing achievements (成就) show the strength of our country.” Her words 10 me that this was not just an air show—it was a show of China’s progress. At that moment, we all sincerely wished our country would become greater and greater in the future! 1. A．a B．an C．the 2. A．Must B．Should C．Could 3. A．staying B．to stay C．stayed 4. A．When B．Where C．What 5. A．fast B．faster C．fastest 6. A．something B．anything C．everything 7. A．happiness B．happy C．happily 8. A．model B．models C．model’s 9. A．At B．Of C．On 10. A．remind B．will remind C．reminded 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C 【导语】本文讲述了作者所在班级去年参观珠海航展的经历，既描述了航展中的见闻，也体现了国家的发展进步。 1. 句意：这对我们所有人来说都是一次难忘的经历。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，那个，表特指。“unforgettable”以元音音素开头，此处泛指“一次经历”，用不定冠词an。故选 B。 2. 句意：我可以用相机拍照吗？ Must必须；Should应该；Could能够，表委婉请求。根据答语“Yes, you can” 可知，此处是请求许可，用Could。故选C。 3. 句意：但别忘了和我们团队待在一起。 staying待，动名词/现在分词；to stay待，动词不定式；stayed待，动词过去式。根据“don’t forget”可知，此处是forget to do sth.“忘记去做某事”，此处用不定式to stay。故选B。 4. 句意：当我们到达时，我们看到最新的歼-20 战斗机很兴奋。 When当……时；Where在哪里；What什么。根据“we arrived”可知，此处介绍我们到达时看到的场景，所以用when。故选A。 5. 句意：空中飞行的战斗机比航展上其他任何飞机都更快。 fast快的，原级；faster更快的，比较级；fastest最快的，最高级。根据“than”可知，此处用比较级faster。故选B。 6. 句意：我的朋友汤姆想给他弟弟买些特别的东西。 something某物，常用于肯定句；anything任何事物，常用于否定/疑问句；everything一切事物。本句是肯定句，表示“购买一些东西”，所以用something。故选A。 7. 句意：我开心地答应了，并帮助他比较了几种不同的模型。 happiness幸福，名词；happy开心的，形容词；happily开心地，副词。此处修饰动词“agreed”，用副词happily。故选C。 8. 句意：我开心地答应了，并帮助他比较了几种不同的模型。 model模型，单数；models模型，复数；model’s模型的，单数名词所有格。分析句子可知，空后无名词，所以不能使用名词所有格，several后接可数名词复数。故选B。 9. 句意：在参观结束时，我们的老师说：“这些令人惊叹的成就彰显了我们国家的强大实力。” At在……时；Of……的；On在……上面。根据“…the end of the visit”可知，此处是at the end of“在……结束时”。故选A。 10. 句意：她的话提醒我，这不仅仅是一场航展——这是中国进步的展示。 remind提醒，动词原形；will remind将会提醒，一般将来时；reminded提醒，动词过去式。根据“Her words…me that this was not just an air show—it was a show of China’s progress.”可知，此处介绍过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故选C。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在各小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 A good plan makes a good ending, so you should try your best 1 a good plan before you do anything. For example, you should plan the time well before you take 2 writing exam. Before you start writing, you should know how much time you have to finish the writing. Make sure you can see a clock or you should 3 a watch in the exam. Then, how much time 4 you spend on each part of a writing exam? There is not a right or wrong answer 5 this question, and here’s my plan. 6 I have forty minutes to finish a writing exam, I will divide (分配) it in this way: ·Planning — twenty minutes ·Writing — fifteen minutes ·Checking — five minutes It seems that I spend too much time 7 . But a good plan is 8 because it’s the key to success. It 9 me enough time to make sure I know what I am going to write before I begin. Do you think so? What is 10 plan? Can you share with us? 1. A．making B．make C．to make 2. A．an B．a C．the 3. A．wearing B．to wear C．wear 4. A．must B．should C．need 5. A．to B．at C．in 6. A．Although B．If C．So 7. A．planning B．to plan C．plan 8. A．useless B．use C．useful 9. A．gives B．gave C．is giving 10. A．you B．yours C．your 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. C 【导语】本文强调“事前制定计划是成功的关键”，并以写作考试的时间规划为例：将40分钟分为“构思20分钟、写作15分钟、检查5分钟”，说明合理计划虽看似耗时，却能确保任务顺利完成。 1. 句意：一个好的计划有一个好的结局，所以你应该在做任何事之前尽力制定一个好计划。 making制定，动名词/现在分词；make动词原形；to make动词不定式。try one’s best to do sth“尽某人最大的努力做某事”，故选C。 2. 句意：例如，在参加写作考试前，你应该好好规划时间。 an泛指一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；a泛指一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词表特指。此处泛指一次考试，writing以辅音音素开头，故选B。 3. 句意：确保你能看到时钟，或者在考试中应该戴手表。 wearing戴，动名词/现在分词；to wear动词不定式；wear动词原形。情态动词should后用动词原形，故选C。 4. 句意：那么，你应该在写作考试的每个部分花多少时间呢？ must必须；should应该；need需要。根据“Then, how much time...you spend on each part of a writing exam?”可知，考虑该在写作考试的每个部分花多少时间，故选B。 5. 句意：这个问题没有对错答案，这是我的计划。 to到；at在；in在……里面。answer to this question“这个问题的答案”，故选A。 6. 句意：如果我有40分钟完成写作考试，我会这样分配时间。 Although虽然；If如果；So因此。“I have forty minutes to finish a writing exam”是“I will divide (分配) it in this way”的条件，用if引导条件状语从句，故选B。 7. 句意：看起来我在构思上花了太多时间。 planning计划，动名词/现在分词；to plan动词不定式；plan动词原形。根据spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”可知，此处应用动名词，故选A。 8. 句意：但一个好计划是有用的，因为它是成功的关键。 useless无用的；use使用；useful有用的。根据“But a good plan is...because it’s the key to success.”可知，一个好的计划是有用的，故选C。 9. 句意：它给我足够的时间，确保我在开始写作前知道要写什么。 gives给，动词第三人称单数；gave过去式；is giving现在进行时。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是It，动词用三单，故选A。 10. 句意：你的计划是什么？ you你，主格/宾格；yours你的，名词性物主代词；your你的，形容词性物主代词。此处作定语修饰plan，用形容词性物主代词your，故选C。 Passage 3 Leo always dreamed of flying like a bird. Every day, he would watch 1 birds in the sky. He wondered why he couldn’t fly like them. Another boy, Sam, had problems with his legs. He wished he 2 run like other children, but he couldn’t. One day, Leo ran away from home 3 he found a park. There he saw Sam playing alone. Leo walked to him and asked, “Have you ever wanted 4 ? ” Sam replied, “No, but I hope I can walk and run like others.” Leo said, “That’s sad. Can we be friends? ” Sam replied 5 , “Sure!” Then they played together 6 hours. Soon, Sam’s father arrived. Leo talked to him with a 7 smile, and the man nodded. Leo turned to Sam and said, “I will do something special for you!” Sam’s father 8 him climb onto Leo’s back and then Leo began to run across the grass. Both 9 ran faster and faster. Sam waved 10 arms and shouted excitedly, “I’m flying, Daddy!” Leo felt glad at that time. 1. A．a B．an C．the 2. A．could B．should C．must 3. A．but B．and C．or 4. A．fly B．flying C．to fly 5. A．happy B．happiness C．happily 6. A．in B．for C．at 7. A．polite B．politer C．the politest 8. A．helps B．helped C．is helping 9. A．boy B．boys C．boys’ 10. A．he B．him C．his 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C 【导语】本文主要讲述了梦想飞翔的男孩Leo遇到了无法行走的男孩Sam，Leo背着Sam奔跑，让Sam体验到了“飞翔”的感觉，两个男孩互相帮助收获快乐的故事。 1. 句意：每天，他都会看着天空中的鸟儿。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前，表泛指；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前，表泛指；the这个，表特指。根据“…birds in the sky”可知，这里指的是天空中特定的那些鸟，应用定冠词the表特指。故选C。 2. 句意：他希望自己能像其他孩子一样跑，但他做不到。 could可以，can的过去式；should应该；must必须。根据“He wished he…run like other children, but he couldn’t.”可知，Sam希望自己能像其他孩子一样跑，但他做不到。此处表示的是能力，且时态为过去时。故选A。 3. 句意：一天，Leo从家里跑了出去，然后发现了一个公园。 but但是；and并且；or或者。根据“Leo ran away from home…he found a park”可知，跑出家门和找到公园是顺承关系，应用and连接。故选B。 4. 句意：Leo走向他，问道：“你曾经想要飞吗？” fly飞，动词原形；flying飞，动名词/现在分词；to fly飞，动词不定式。根据“Have you ever wanted… ?”可知，want to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”。故选C。 5. 句意：Sam开心地回答：“当然！” happy高兴的，形容词；happiness幸福，名词；happily高兴地，副词。根据“Sam replied…, ‘Sure!’”可知，此处修饰动词replied，应用副词形式。故选C。 6. 句意：然后他们一起玩了好几个小时。 in在……里；for达（表示时间段）；at在（表示时间点或地点）。根据“Then they played together…hours.”可知，此处表示动作持续了一段时间，应用介词for引导时间段。故选B。 7. 句意：Leo带着礼貌的微笑和他说话，男人点了点头。 polite礼貌的，原级；politer更礼貌的，比较级；the politest最礼貌的，最高级。根据“Leo talked to him with a…smile”可知，此处没有比较对象，应用形容词原级修饰名词smile。故选A。 8. 句意：Sam的爸爸帮他爬到Leo的背上，然后Leo开始在草地上奔跑。 helps帮助，一般现在时三单形式；helped帮助，一般过去时；is helping正在帮助，现在进行时。根据“then Leo began to run across…”可知，本句时态应为一般过去时。故选B。 9. 句意：两个男孩跑得越来越快。 boy男孩，单数；boys男孩，复数；boys’男孩的，复数所有格。根据“Both…ran faster and faster.”可知，Both意为“两者都”，作主语时谓语动词用复数，此处指代Leo和Sam两个人，应用名词复数形式。故选B。 10. 句意：Sam挥动着他的手臂，兴奋地喊道：“我在飞呢，爸爸！” he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词。根据“Sam waved…arms”可知，此处修饰名词arms，表示归属关系，应用形容词性物主代词。故选C。 四、语法填空 Passage 4 通读下面短文，用每小题所给单词的适当形式填空。每空一词，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。 The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China. Before it comes, Chinese people 1 (usual) clean their houses. People often buy new clothes and put up red couplets (对联). New Year’s Eve 2 (be) a time for families to enjoy a big dinner together. They cook many 3 (dish) like fish, dumplings, and chicken. Such a special dinner is both 4 (interest) and unforgettable. Last year, Amy and her parents 5 (go) to her grandparents’ home for the Spring Festival. On New Year’s Eve, they stayed up late. They chatted and ate some snacks. On the next morning, Amy and 6 (she) cousins said “Happy New Year” to everyone in their family. They received much 7 (luck) money from elders. After a big dinner, some of them watched TV, others played 8 (game) or set off fireworks. Amy had a good time and she wished to stay 9 (long) than her plan. Several days later, she said goodbye to her grandparents. On her way home, she hoped she 10 (can) visit them again. What a wonderful holiday it was! 【答案】 1. usually 2. is 3. dishes 4. interesting 5. went 6. her 7. lucky 8. games 9. longer 10. could 【导语】本文围绕中国春节展开，通过描述春节的传统习俗、家庭团聚场景以及作者的个人经历，展现了这一节日的文化内涵与温馨氛围。 1. 句意：在它到来之前，中国人通常会打扫他们的房子。usual“寻常的”，形容词，根据“Chinese people...clean their houses.”可知，此处应该用频度副词作状语，usually“通常”符合。故填usually。 2. 句意：除夕夜是家人一起享用大餐的时间。根据“New Year’s Eve...a time for families to enjoy a big dinner together.”可知，本句描述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，主语是“New Year’s Eve”，be动词应该用is。故填is。 3. 句意：他们做很多菜，比如鱼、饺子和鸡肉。dish“菜”，可数名词，根据“many”可知，此处应该用名词复数形式dishes。故填dishes。 4. 句意：这样一顿特别的晚餐既有趣又难忘。interest“兴趣”，名词，根据“Such a special dinner is both...and unforgettable.”可知，此处应该用形容词作表语，且主语是物，应该用interesting“有趣的”。故填interesting。 5. 句意：去年，艾米和她的父母去她祖父母家过春节。根据“Last year”可知，本句应该用一般过去时，动词go的过去式是went。故填went。 6. 句意：第二天早上，艾米和她的表兄弟姐妹们向家里的每个人说“新年快乐”。she“她”，主格，根据“cousins”可知，此处应该用形容词性物主代词her修饰名词cousins。故填her。 7. 句意：他们从长辈那里收到了很多压岁钱。luck“运气”，名词，根据“money”可知，此处应该用形容词lucky修饰名词money，lucky money“压岁钱”。故填lucky。 8. 句意：一顿大餐后，他们中的一些人看电视，另一些人玩游戏或放烟花。game“游戏”，可数名词，根据“others played...”可知，此处应该用名词复数形式games。故填games。 9. 句意：艾米玩得很开心，她希望待的时间比计划的长。long“长的”，形容词，根据“than”可知，此处应该用形容词比较级longer。故填longer。 10. 句意：在回家的路上，她希望她能再次去看望他们。根据“she hoped”可知，本句是宾语从句，主句是一般过去时，从句也应该用过去的某种时态，根据“she...visit them again”可知，此处应该用could表示“能够”。故填could。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 So far, a flying car by the Chinese company XPENG 1 (achieve) its impressive public flight by flying over Dubai. This happened on Oct 12 during a flight show. It is a new step in bringing China’s low-altitude aircraft technology (低空飞行器技术)  to the world, according to Xinhua. 2 flying car, called Land Aircraft Carrier, is the world’s 3 (one) modular (模块化的) flying car. People can take apart the aircraft (飞行器) in just five minutes. The aircraft is in the back of the car, and people can charge (充电) it there. 4 (make) the car ready to fly, you only need to push one button (按钮). The aircraft can’t fly as 5 (quick) as a plane, but it can take off or land straight up and down. It can fly 6 its own or with a person controlling it. When it flies alone, it can plan the road and guide 7 (it). The aircraft can fly for 30 minutes and up to 1,000 meters high. The flying car is cool, but it will be a long time before we can use it in daily life. There are problems to solve. People need to build landing 8 (site) for the car and make complete air traffic rules. Besides, it might bring some 9 (danger) situations. For example, 10 it flies a certain distance away from the house, it may cause trouble. 【答案】 1. has achieved 2. The 3. first 4. To make 5. quickly 6. on 7. itself 8. sites 9. dangerous 10. if 【导语】本文主要讲了中国公司小鹏研发的模块化飞行汽车首次公开飞行及其技术特点，并分析了其投入日常使用前需解决的问题。 1. 句意：迄今为止，中国公司小鹏的飞行汽车已在迪拜上空完成了其引人注目的公开飞行。根据“So far”可知，此处强调动作从过去持续到现在并对现在有影响，用现在完成时；主语“a flying car”为单数，助动词用has，achieve“完成”，为动词，过去分词是achieved。故填has achieved。 2. 句意：这款名为“陆地航母”的飞行汽车是世界上首款模块化飞行汽车。根据“... flying car, called Land Aircraft Carrier”可知，此处特指前文提到的“a flying car”，需用定冠词the，句首单词首字母需大写。故填The。 3. 句意：这款名为“陆地航母”的飞行汽车是世界上首款模块化飞行汽车。根据“the world’s ... modular flying car”可知，此处表示“第一”，需用序数词；one“一”，为基数词，其序数词是first。故填first。 4. 句意：要让这辆车做好飞行准备，你只需按一个按钮。根据“... the car ready to fly, you only need to push one button”可知，此处表示目的“为了……”，make“使”，为动词，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To make。 5. 句意：这架飞行器不能像飞机飞得那样快，但它可以垂直起降。根据“can’t fly as ... as a plane”可知，此处修饰动词fly，需用副词形式；quick“快的”，为形容词，其副词形式是quickly。故填quickly。 6. 句意：它可以自主飞行，也可以在人的控制下飞行。根据“fly ... its own”可知，on one’s own是固定短语，意为“独立地，自主地”。故填on。 7. 句意：当它独自飞行时，它可以规划路线并引导自己。根据“guide ...”可知，此处指飞行器引导“它自己”，需用反身代词；it“它”，为主格代词，其反身代词形式是itself。故填itself。 8. 句意：人们需要为这种车建造着陆场，并制定完善的空中交通规则。根据“landing ...”可知，此处应用可数名词表示泛指，表示“场地”；site“地点”，为可数名词，其复数形式是sites。故填sites。 9. 句意：此外，它可能会带来一些危险情况。根据“some ... situations”可知，此处修饰名词situations，需用形容词形式；danger“危险”，为名词，其形容词形式是dangerous。故填dangerous。 10. 句意：例如，如果它飞到离房子一定距离以外，就可能会引起麻烦。根据“... it flies a certain distance away from the house, it may cause trouble”可知，这里表示如果它飞到离房子一定距离以外，就可能会引起麻烦，此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故填if。 Passage 6 阅读下面的短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 For years, most people believed plants lived quiet, passive (被动的) lives. However, recent research 1 (reveal) a surprising truth: plants are constantly “talking” and interacting in ways we are just beginning to understand. A plant’s primary means of communication is chemical. When attacked by insects, many plants release 2 (chemical) into the air. This is not just a simple reaction; it’s a sophisticated warning system. Neighboring plants that detect these signals then start 3 (produce) their own defensive chemicals. Studies show a plant under threat can communicate 4 (effective) than we once imagined, triggering defenses in plants several meters away. In one key experiment, scientists designed some brilliant experiments 5 (prove) this phenomenon. They placed aphids (蚜虫) on a tomato plant and watched. Soon, nearby, untouched plants also began preparing 6 (them) for attack by raising their toxin levels. This showed the message was being received. The 7 (one) clear evidence came from this simple but clever test. 8 underground network formed by fungi (真菌) acts like the internet, connecting plant roots. Through this “Wood Wide Web,” plants can share nutrients and information. A strong, old tree might, for example, help a weak seedling by sending it sugars 9 this network. 10 this connection is cut, the seedling’s chances of survival drop greatly. This hidden conversation challenges us to look at the plant world with new respect. Plants are not just passive background objects; they are active participants in a complex, silent dialogue that sustains life on Earth. 【答案】 1. has revealed 2. chemicals 3. producing 4. more effectively 5. to prove 6. themselves 7. first 8. An 9. through 10. If/When 【导语】本文通过最新研究揭示了植物并非被动生存的生物，它们能通过化学信号释放警告、与邻近植物互动，还能借助真菌形成的地下 “植物互联网” 共享养分与信息。这一发现挑战了人们对植物的传统认知，展现了植物在生态系统中积极交流、维系生命的复杂机制。 1. 句意：然而，近期研究揭示了一个惊人的真相：植物一直在以我们才刚刚开始理解的方式“交谈”和互动。根据“recent research...a surprising truth”可知，研究是在过去某个时间开始的，但其揭示的结果对现在的认知产生了持续影响，所以时态为现在完成时，主语是research，助动词用has，reveal的过去分词是revealed。故填has revealed。 2. 句意：当被昆虫攻击时，许多植物会向空气中释放化学物质。根据“many plants release...”可知，此处应填名词作宾语，chemical“化学物质”，是可数名词，植物释放的化学物质不止一种，因此用复数形式。故填chemicals。 3. 句意：检测到这些信号的邻近植物随后会开始产生自己的防御性化学物质。“start doing sth”表示“开始做某事”，produce的动名词形式是producing。 4. 句意：研究表明，受威胁的植物能比我们想象的更有效地交流，触发数米外植物的防御反应。根据“communicate...than”可知，此处需用副词比较级，effective的副词形式是effectively，effectively的比较级形式是more effectively。故填more effectively。 5. 句意：在一项关键实验中，科学家设计了一些精妙的实验来证明这一现象。根据“ scientists designed some brilliant experiments...this phenomenon.”可知，设计实验是为了证明这一现象，所以填动词不定式。故填to prove。 6. 句意：很快，附近未受影响的植物也开始通过提高毒素水平使自己为攻击做准备。根据“untouched plants also began preparing...for attack by raising their toxin levels”可知，此处是“prepare oneself for sth”，表示“为自己准备某事”，them的反身代词是themselves。故填themselves。 7. 句意：第一个清晰的证据就来自这个简单却巧妙的实验。根据“The...clear evidence came from this simple but clever test.”可知，此处需表达“第一个清晰的证据”，用序数词first修饰evidence。故填first。 8. 句意：由真菌构成的地下网络就像互联网一样，将植物的根部连接起来。根据“underground network formed by fungi (真菌) acts like the internet,”可知，此处表泛指，且underground以元音音素开头，句首首字母要大写，因此用不定冠词An。故填An。 9. 句意：例如，一棵强壮的老树可能会通过这个网络向弱小的幼苗输送糖分来帮助它。根据“by sending it sugars...this network”可知，此处指通过这个网络输送糖分，应填through。故填through。 10. 句意：如果/当这种连接被切断，幼苗的存活率会大幅下降。根据“...this connection is cut, the seedling’s chances of survival drop greatly.”可知，此处可填if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果这种连接被切断”；也可填when引导时间状语从句，意为“当这种连接被切断”。句首首字母要大写。故填If/When。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 2 Stay Healthy（新教材人教版） （表建议的情态动词（should、could）和反身代词） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 表格梳理了单元核心语法中表建议的情态动词（should、could）和反身代词的形式、用法、句式及典型例句，清晰呈现其功能特点与应用场景。 语法模块 具体内容 典型例句及翻译 一、表建议的情态动词 1. should（语气较强、直接，表 “应该”） - 核心用法：基于常识、责任、优势提建议，含劝告意味 - 否定式：shouldn’t（不应该） - 疑问句：Should + 主语 + 动词原形？（肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + should.） ① You should brush your teeth twice a day.（你应该每天刷两次牙。） ② You shouldn’t stay up too late.（你不应该熬夜。） ③ —Should I lie down and rest? —Yes, you should.（— 我应该躺下休息吗？— 是的，你应该。） 2. could（语气委婉、试探，表 “可以”） - 核心用法：委婉提建议、求助开场，给对方选择自由 - 否定式：couldn’t（不可以） - 疑问句：Could + 主语 + 动词原形？（表请求，肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + can.） ① You could try calling him again.（你可以试试再给他打个电话。） ② What could I get for my mum’s birthday?（我妈妈生日我可以送点什么？） ③ —Could you give me a hand? —Sure.（— 你能帮我一下吗？— 当然可以。） 二、反身代词 1. 形式（单复数对应） - 单数：myself（我自己）、yourself（你自己）、himself（他自己）、herself（她自己）、itself（它自己） - 复数：ourselves（我们自己）、yourselves（你们自己）、themselves（他们 / 她们 / 它们自己） - 构成规则：一、二人称（形容词性物主代词 + self/selves）；第三人称（宾格 + self/selves） ① She taught herself English.（她自学英语。） ② The children dressed themselves quickly.（孩子们很快自己穿好了衣服。） 2. 核心用法 - 作宾语：动作承受者为执行者自身 - 作同位语：加强语气，位于被强调词后 - 固定短语：enjoy oneself（玩得高兴）、by oneself（独自）、help oneself to...（随便吃 / 用） ① The little boy can dress himself now.（这个小男孩现在能自己穿衣服了。） ② You yourself can do it well.（你自己能把它做好。） ③ We enjoyed ourselves at the party.（我们在派对上玩得很开心。） 使用注意事项 1. should 与 could 的语气差异：should 提建议更直接，带有 “理应如此” 的意味；could 更委婉，仅为参考性建议，不强迫对方接受。 2. 反身代词的指代一致：反身代词需与主语在人称、数上保持一致（如主语为 we，对应 ourselves；主语为 they，对应 themselves）。 3. 反身代词的固定搭配：不可混淆短语用法，如 “help oneself to sth.” 中，oneself 需根据主语调整（如 “Help yourselves to cakes.” 对复数主语）。 4. could 的双重功能：could 既可以表过去的能力，也可以表委婉建议 / 请求，需结合语境判断；表请求时，否定回答常用 “I’m sorry, but you couldn’t.” 或 “I’m afraid not.”。 一、单项选择 1. —Should I tell my parents that I will come back home late? —________. Or they will be worried. A．Yes, you will B．Yes, you should C．No, I don’t D．No, you shouldn’t 2. ---I have sore eyes.  ---You _____ play computer games too long. A．must B．shouldn’t C．had better D．don’t 3. —What is the story you read just now about? —We ______ judge (判断) people by their looks because their true beauty starts on the inside. A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．must D．can 4. —Mum, it’s too hot. ________ I swim in the lake with my friends? —No, you ________. That’s too dangerous! A．Must; needn’t B．Could; can’t C．Could; couldn’t D．Can; needn’t 5. Mr. Green taught _______ English in our school and taught_______ French at home. A．us, his B．him, us C．our, himself D．us, himself 6. The old man was very happy to see that the children enjoyed ________. A．himself B．herself C．ourselves D．themselves 7. In a few years, perhaps robots will think on their own and act for ________ not for us A．them B．themselves C．you D．yourselves 8. We are going to enjoy________on Children’s Day. A．us B．our C．my D．ourselves 9. —I don’t care what other people think. —Well, you ________. After all, some opinions are worth weighing. A．might B．should C．could D．would 10. The boy did his homework with the help of his father in the past. But now he can do it alone. A．for himself B．on himself C．by himself D．with himself 11．—Jeff, you ________ swim alone. It’s dangerous.   —Sorry, I won’t. A．can B．must C．should D．shouldn’t 12．My mum tells me that _____ before I finish my homework. A．you shouldn’t watch TV B．I shouldn’t watch TV C．you should watch TV D．I should watch TV 13．—David, ________ you please sweep the floor? —OK, Dad. A．could B．may C．should D．must 14．With their new lock, you __________ search for keys in your bag any more. Isn’t it cool? A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 15．We _____ always be thankful to our teachers for their support. A．must B．should C．can D．could 二、完成句子 16．我们应该每天做运动。 exercise every day. 17．——妈妈，我能邀请我的朋友们来我们的新家吗？ ——当然可以，彼得。 —Mum, invite my friends to our new house? —Sure, Peter. 18．The children had a good time in Shanghai Wild Animal Park. (句意相同) The children in Shanghai Wild Animal Park. 19．女士，打扰了。我们正在找新华书店。你能给我们指路吗? , madam. We are looking for Xinhua Bookstore. you show us the way? 20．琳达，请你扫一下地，好吗？ Linda, you please the floor? 21．Why don’t you come here earlier?(同义句转换) You here earlier. 22．你不应该迟交作业。 You hand in your homework late. 23．你能帮我找找钥匙吗？我找不到它们了。 you help me my keys? I can’t find them. 24．You should lie down and rest. (改为否定句) You down and rest. 25．你不应该花太多的时间玩电脑游戏。要好好学习。 You spend too much time computer games. You should study hard. 26．你能帮我把这些书搬到书房吗？ you please help me these books to the study? 27．我们想要自己解决这道难题。 We want to work out this difficult problem . 28．孩子们不应该总是依靠父母，因为他们必须学会独立。 Children always    parents， they must learn independence. 29．他们应该为自己感到骄傲。 They should of . 30．I want to use your bike. (改为委婉语气)       your bike? 三、语法选择 Passage 1 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个 选项中选出一个最佳的答案。 Our class had the most exciting trip last year—we visited the Zhuhai Air Show! It was 1 unforgettable experience for all of us. On the morning of the visit, I asked my teacher, “ 2 I take photos with my camera?” She smiled and said, “Yes, you can, but don’t forget 3 with our group.” 4 we arrived, we were excited to see the latest J-20 fighter jets. The fighter jets flying in the sky were 5 than any other planes in the show. Then we visited the main exhibition (展览) hall. My friend Tom wanted to buy 6 special for his little brother. He found a beautiful model plane and asked me, “Can you help me choose a better one?” I agreed 7 and helped him compare several different 8 . Finally, he bought two amazing model planes. 9 the end of the visit, our teacher said, “These amazing achievements (成就) show the strength of our country.” Her words 10 me that this was not just an air show—it was a show of China’s progress. At that moment, we all sincerely wished our country would become greater and greater in the future! 1. A．a B．an C．the 2. A．Must B．Should C．Could 3. A．staying B．to stay C．stayed 4. A．When B．Where C．What 5. A．fast B．faster C．fastest 6. A．something B．anything C．everything 7. A．happiness B．happy C．happily 8. A．model B．models C．model’s 9. A．At B．Of C．On 10. A．remind B．will remind C．reminded Passage 2 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在各小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 A good plan makes a good ending, so you should try your best 1 a good plan before you do anything. For example, you should plan the time well before you take 2 writing exam. Before you start writing, you should know how much time you have to finish the writing. Make sure you can see a clock or you should 3 a watch in the exam. Then, how much time 4 you spend on each part of a writing exam? There is not a right or wrong answer 5 this question, and here’s my plan. 6 I have forty minutes to finish a writing exam, I will divide (分配) it in this way: ·Planning — twenty minutes ·Writing — fifteen minutes ·Checking — five minutes It seems that I spend too much time 7 . But a good plan is 8 because it’s the key to success. It 9 me enough time to make sure I know what I am going to write before I begin. Do you think so? What is 10 plan? Can you share with us? 1. A．making B．make C．to make 2. A．an B．a C．the 3. A．wearing B．to wear C．wear 4. A．must B．should C．need 5. A．to B．at C．in 6. A．Although B．If C．So 7. A．planning B．to plan C．plan 8. A．useless B．use C．useful 9. A．gives B．gave C．is giving 10. A．you B．yours C．your Passage 3 Leo always dreamed of flying like a bird. Every day, he would watch 1 birds in the sky. He wondered why he couldn’t fly like them. Another boy, Sam, had problems with his legs. He wished he 2 run like other children, but he couldn’t. One day, Leo ran away from home 3 he found a park. There he saw Sam playing alone. Leo walked to him and asked, “Have you ever wanted 4 ? ” Sam replied, “No, but I hope I can walk and run like others.” Leo said, “That’s sad. Can we be friends? ” Sam replied 5 , “Sure!” Then they played together 6 hours. Soon, Sam’s father arrived. Leo talked to him with a 7 smile, and the man nodded. Leo turned to Sam and said, “I will do something special for you!” Sam’s father 8 him climb onto Leo’s back and then Leo began to run across the grass. Both 9 ran faster and faster. Sam waved 10 arms and shouted excitedly, “I’m flying, Daddy!” Leo felt glad at that time. 1. A．a B．an C．the 2. A．could B．should C．must 3. A．but B．and C．or 4. A．fly B．flying C．to fly 5. A．happy B．happiness C．happily 6. A．in B．for C．at 7. A．polite B．politer C．the politest 8. A．helps B．helped C．is helping 9. A．boy B．boys C．boys’ 10. A．he B．him C．his 四、语法填空 Passage 4 通读下面短文，用每小题所给单词的适当形式填空。每空一词，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。 The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China. Before it comes, Chinese people 1 (usual) clean their houses. People often buy new clothes and put up red couplets (对联). New Year’s Eve 2 (be) a time for families to enjoy a big dinner together. They cook many 3 (dish) like fish, dumplings, and chicken. Such a special dinner is both 4 (interest) and unforgettable. Last year, Amy and her parents 5 (go) to her grandparents’ home for the Spring Festival. On New Year’s Eve, they stayed up late. They chatted and ate some snacks. On the next morning, Amy and 6 (she) cousins said “Happy New Year” to everyone in their family. They received much 7 (luck) money from elders. After a big dinner, some of them watched TV, others played 8 (game) or set off fireworks. Amy had a good time and she wished to stay 9 (long) than her plan. Several days later, she said goodbye to her grandparents. On her way home, she hoped she 10 (can) visit them again. What a wonderful holiday it was! Passage 5 So far, a flying car by the Chinese company XPENG 1 (achieve) its impressive public flight by flying over Dubai. This happened on Oct 12 during a flight show. It is a new step in bringing China’s low-altitude aircraft technology (低空飞行器技术)  to the world, according to Xinhua. 2 flying car, called Land Aircraft Carrier, is the world’s 3 (one) modular (模块化的) flying car. People can take apart the aircraft (飞行器) in just five minutes. The aircraft is in the back of the car, and people can charge (充电) it there. 4 (make) the car ready to fly, you only need to push one button (按钮). The aircraft can’t fly as 5 (quick) as a plane, but it can take off or land straight up and down. It can fly 6 its own or with a person controlling it. When it flies alone, it can plan the road and guide 7 (it). The aircraft can fly for 30 minutes and up to 1,000 meters high. The flying car is cool, but it will be a long time before we can use it in daily life. There are problems to solve. People need to build landing 8 (site) for the car and make complete air traffic rules. Besides, it might bring some 9 (danger) situations. For example, 10 it flies a certain distance away from the house, it may cause trouble. Passage 6 For years, most people believed plants lived quiet, passive (被动的) lives. However, recent research 1 (reveal) a surprising truth: plants are constantly “talking” and interacting in ways we are just beginning to understand. A plant’s primary means of communication is chemical. When attacked by insects, many plants release 2 (chemical) into the air. This is not just a simple reaction; it’s a sophisticated warning system. Neighboring plants that detect these signals then start 3 (produce) their own defensive chemicals. Studies show a plant under threat can communicate 4 (effective) than we once imagined, triggering defenses in plants several meters away. In one key experiment, scientists designed some brilliant experiments 5 (prove) this phenomenon. They placed aphids (蚜虫) on a tomato plant and watched. Soon, nearby, untouched plants also began preparing 6 (them) for attack by raising their toxin levels. This showed the message was being received. The 7 (one) clear evidence came from this simple but clever test. 8 underground network formed by fungi (真菌) acts like the internet, connecting plant roots. Through this “Wood Wide Web,” plants can share nutrients and information. A strong, old tree might, for example, help a weak seedling by sending it sugars 9 this network. 10 this connection is cut, the seedling’s chances of survival drop greatly. This hidden conversation challenges us to look at the plant world with new respect. Plants are not just passive background objects; they are active participants in a complex, silent dialogue that sustains life on Earth. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $