Unit 3 The world at one click 单元语法（现在完成时和一般过去时的区别）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元语法精讲精练（新教材译林版）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 3 The world at one click 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 现在完成时（Present Perfect）和一般过去时（Simple Past）的核心区别在于：是否强调动作与“现在”的关联。 一、核心区别总览 1. 一般过去时 关注过去发生的动作本身，动作已经结束，与现在没有直接联系。 常搭配明确的过去时间状语（yesterday, last week, in 2020, at that time 等）。 结构：主语 + 动词过去式（did / was/were）。 2. 现在完成时 关注过去动作对现在造成的结果/影响，或动作从过去持续到现在。 不与明确的过去时间状语连用，常搭配 already, yet, just, ever, never, since, for, so far, recently 等。 结构：主语 + have/has + 过去分词（done）。 二、关键用法对比 1. 时间是否“明确限定” 一般过去时：动作发生在已结束的过去时间段，有明确时间点。 I finished my homework yesterday.（昨天完成，现在不强调这件事的影响） 现在完成时：动作发生在不明确的过去，或时间范围包含“现在”。 I have finished my homework.（强调“现在作业已经完成”这个结果） 2. 动作是否“持续到现在” 一般过去时：动作已终止，不延续到现在。 He lived in Paris for 5 years.（他过去在巴黎住过5年，现在不住了） 现在完成时：动作从过去开始，持续到现在，甚至可能继续。 He has lived in Paris for 5 years.（他在巴黎住了5年，现在还住在那里） 3. 强调“结果”还是“事实” 一般过去时：陈述过去的事实/经历，不关联现在。 I saw that movie last month.（上个月看过，只是陈述经历） 现在完成时：强调现在的状态/结果由过去动作导致。 I have seen that movie.（看过了，所以现在“了解剧情/不想再看”） 4. 经历表达的细微差异 一般过去时：描述过去某一次具体经历，常带时间。 I visited Beijing in 2018. 现在完成时：描述人生至今的经历总和，无具体时间。 I have visited Beijing three times. 三、典型时间标志词 一般过去时：yesterday, last night/week/year, in 2010, at that time, just now, ago, when I was young… 现在完成时：already, yet, just, ever, never, before, so far, up to now, recently, lately, since + 时间点, for + 时间段… 四、易混例句辨析 She left an hour ago.（一般过去时，明确过去时间，强调离开这个动作） She has left.（现在完成时，强调“她现在不在这里”的结果） I lost my key.（一般过去时，只说过去丢了，现在可能已找回） I have lost my key.（现在完成时，强调“现在没钥匙，进不去门”的现状） He worked here for 10 years.（过去在这里工作10年，现已离职） He has worked here for 10 years.（至今仍在这里工作） 一、单项选择(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分) 1．—Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A．has gone to, left B．has been to, has left C．has been in, left 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你好。露西在家吗？——不，她去图书馆了。她刚才给你留了个口信。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时的用法。has gone to表示去了某地，还没回来；has been to表示去过某地，已经回来了；has been in表示在某地待了一段时间；left留下，一般过去时；has left现在完成时。第一个空，根据回答“No”可知露西不在家，是去了图书馆还没回来，所以用“has gone to”；第二个空，“just now”是过去的时间状语，用于一般过去时，所以“leave留下”要用过去式“left”。故选A。 2．Mr. Black ______ maths for more than twenty years in our school. A．teaches B．will teach C．has taught D．taught 【答案】C 【详解】句意：布莱克先生在我们学校教数学已经二十多年了。 考查动词时态。根据“for more than twenty years”可知，“for + 一段时间”表示动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时（has taught）。故选C。 3．The students ______ a lot since they started junior high school. A．change B．will change C．have changed D．changed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从上初中以来，学生们已经改变了很多。 考查时态辨析。change一般现在时；will change一般将来时；have changed现在完成时；changed一般过去时。根据“since they started junior high school”可知，“since+过去的时间点”是现在完成时的标志，其结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语“The students”是复数，助动词用“have” ，change的过去分词是“changed”，所以用“have changed”。故选C。 4．—Several new parks ________ in Qinhuai over the years. —Great! Let’s take a walk there. A．open B．opened C．were open D．have been opened 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这些年来，秦淮区已经开放了几个新公园。——太好了！我们去那里散步吧。 考查现在完成时。open“开放”，动词原形；opened“开放”，过去式；were open“开放的”；have been opened“已经被开放”，现在完成时的被动语态。根据时间状语“over the years”可知，句子时态应用现在完成时，“Several new parks”与“open”之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。故选D。 5．They ________ a lot of Chinese words since they came to China. A．learnt B．learn C．will learn D．have learnt 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自从他们来到中国，他们已经学会了很多汉语词汇。 考查时态。根据“since they came to China”可知，“since + 一般过去时”意为“自从过去的某个时候起”，是现在完成时的标志词，且主语They为复数，用have learnt。故选D。 6．We ________ in the apartment near our school since 2019. A．have lived B．are living C．live D．lived 【答案】A 【详解】句意：自2019年以来，我们一直住在学校附近的公寓里。 考查现在完成时态。根据“since 2019”可知，此处用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has + done”，主语“We”是复数，所以用have。故选A。 7．Since last month we ________ the volunteer program, we ________ more than 200 volunteers. A．have started; had B．started; have C．have started; have D．started; have had 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自从上个月我们开始了这个志愿者项目，我们已经有了200多个志愿者。 考查时态。根据“Since last month we ... the volunteer program”可知此处是Since引导的时间状语从句，结合“last month”可知用一般过去时，第一空用过去式started，从句用Since引导，主句用现在完成时，第二空用现在完成时have had。故选D。 8．—Why not go to see the elephant show with me? —Sorry. I ________ it already. A．see B．will see C．saw D．have seen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——为什么不和我一起去看大象表演呢？——抱歉，我已经看过了。 考查动词的时态。see看见，一般现在时；will see将看，一般将来时；saw看见，一般过去时；have seen已经看过，现在完成时。根据“already”可知，本句为现在完成时。故选D。 9．His grandfather _________ since 2014. A．has died B．died C．has been dead D．was dead 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他的祖父自2014年起就去世了。 考查现在完成时。根据“since 2014.”可知是自2014年就去世了，从过去的时间点延续到现在用现在完成时态have/has done；die“死亡”，是非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用，应用be dead表状态，其完成时态的结构为have/has been dead。故选C。 10．Jim and his sister ________ this little cat for three days. A．keep B．have kept C．kept D．are keeping 【答案】B 【详解】句意：吉姆和他妹妹已经养了这只小猫三天了。 考查时态。根据“for three days”可知，句子用现在完成时，结构为“have/has done”。故选B。 11．—Chen Jie, I remember you ________ several months ago. —You are right. I ________ for six months. A．got married; got married B．have been married; got married C．got married; have been married 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——陈洁，我记得你几个月前结婚了。——你说得对，我已经结婚六个月了。   考查动词时态。第一空描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时got married；根据时间状语“for six months”可知，第二空强调持续状态，用现在完成时have been married。故选C。 12．Since we ________ to use the Internet, our lives ________ a lot. A．begin, changed B．begin, have changed C．began, will change D．began, have changed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自从我们开始使用互联网，我们的生活改变了很多。 考查时态。根据“Since we...to use the Internet”可知，“开始使用互联网”是过去发生的事情，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句应用现在完成时，表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态”，其结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，主语“our lives”是复数，助动词用have，change的过去分词是changed。故选D。 13．Alan ________ his winter camp in Switzerland last week and it is the first time that he ________ his hometown to experience a foreign culture. A．left for; has left B．left; left C．left for; left D．left; has left 【答案】A 【详解】句意：艾伦上周动身去了他的瑞士冬令营，这是他第一次离开家乡去体验外国文化。 考查动词短语及时态辨析。left for离开，动身去，动词过去式；has left已离开，现在完成时；left离开，动词过去式。根据“his winter camp in Switzerland last week”可知，第一空表示动身去往某地，且时态为过去时，故动词短语需用过去式；根据“it is the first time that”可知，that引导的从句需用现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在的影响。故选A。 14．—Do you want to go to the movie with me tonight? —Sorry, I can’t. I ______ my homework yet. A．wasn’t finishing B．don’t finish C．didn’t finish D．haven’t finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你今晚想和我一起去看电影吗？——抱歉，我不能。我还没有完成我的作业。 考查时态。 wasn’t finishing没有在完成，过去进行时；don’t finish没有完成，一般现在时；didn’t finish没有完成，一般过去时； haven’t finished还没有完成，现在完成时。根据“yet”可知，该句应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，否定形式为“haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词”。故选D。 15．—Look! Your teacher Miss White is over there. —No, it can’t be her. She _______ to Beijing. A．went B．has gone C．will go D．has been 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！你的老师怀特小姐在那边。——不，不可能是她。她去北京了。 考查时态。 went去，是一般过去时；has gone to表示去了还没有回来，是现在完成时；will go去，是一般将来时；has been to表示去过回来了，是现在完成时。根据“No, it can’t be her. ”可知，她现在不可能在那边，因此表示她去了北京还没有回来，因此用has gone to。故选B。 16．Her grandfather ________ a car in 2005. He ________ the car for 20 years. A．buy; has bought B．bought; has had C．buys; has had D．bought; has bought 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她的祖父在2005年买了一辆车。他拥有这辆车已经20年了。 考查一般过去时和现在完成时以及延续性动词。buy买，动词原形；bought买，动词过去式；buys买，动词三单形式；has bought已经买了，瞬间性动词；has had已经拥有，延续性动词。第一个空，根据“in 2005”可知，此句为一般过去时，空处填动词过去式作谓语，排除选项A和C；第二个空，根据“for 20 years”可知，此处强调持续拥有，需用现在完成时，且要用延续性动词。故选B。 17．Ted is in his bedroom now. He ______ there about space technology for three hours. A．studies B．studied C．has studied D．was studying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：泰德现在在他的卧室里。他已经在那里研究太空技术三个小时了。 考查现在完成时。根据“for three hours”可知，时态使用现在完成时，强调动作从过去持续到现在并可能继续下去，结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”。故选C。 18．It is almost seven years ________ we saw each other last time. A．before B．since C．until D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从我们上次见面以来，差不多有七年了。 考查连词辨析。before在……之前；since自从；until直到；when当……时。根据“It is almost seven years”可知，此处是“It is+一段时间+since从句”的句型，表示“自从……已经多长时间了”，所以应该用since。故选B。 19．—Where is Millie? I haven’t seen her for a long time. —She ________ the USA and she ________ New York for two months. A．has been to; has been in B．has gone to; has been in C．has been in; has been to D．has gone to; has been to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 米莉在哪里？我好久没见到她了。—— 她去了美国，并且已经在纽约待了两个月了 。 考查现在完成时。have been to去过某地，现已回来；have been in在某地待了多长时间；have gone to去了某地，还未回来。根据“ I haven’t seen her for a long time.”可知，米莉现在还在美国，尚未回来，排除选项A和C；根据“for two months”可知，此处与“for+一段时间”连用，应用have been in，表示“在纽约待了两个月”的持续状态。故选B。 20．—Have you ever ________ to Caozhou Peony Garden? —Yes, I ________ there last year. A．been; went B．gone; went C．been; gone D．was; was 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过曹州牡丹园吗？——是的，我去年去过那里。 考查动词时态及短语辨析。根据“Have you ever…”可知，第一空用现在完成时，have been to表示“去过某地已返回”，have gone to表示“去了某地未返回”，此处问是否去过，应用been；第二空根据“last year”可知用一般过去时，go的过去式为went。故选A。 21．My sister ______ the book from the library, and she ______ it for two weeks. A．borrowed; has kept B．lent; borrowed C．lent; has kept D．borrowed; borrowed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我姐姐从图书馆借了这本书，她已经借了两周了。     考查动词辨析及时态。borrowed借入，过去时；has kept保留，现在完成时；lent借出，过去时。根据“My sister ... the book from the library, and she ...it for two weeks.”可知，从图书馆“借入”用borrowed；“for两周”需延续性动词keep。故选A。 22．—I’m surprised at the new look of Fuzhou. —Yeah, it _________ a lot. It’s much more beautiful now than it was 10 years ago. A．changes B．will change C．was changing D．has changed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我对福州的新面貌感到惊讶。——是的，它变化很大。现在它比十年前漂亮多了。 考查现在完成时。根据“It’s much more beautiful now than it was 10 years ago.”可知，此处表示福州过去发生的变化对现在产生了明显的影响，时态为现在完成时“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语为it，助动词用has，故选D。 23．Since he ________ to this city, he ________ many new friends. A．moved; made B．moved; has made C．has moved, made D．has moved; has made 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从他搬到这个城市以来，他已经交了很多新朋友。 考查动词时态。根据“Since he…to this city, he…many new friends.”可知，此处是since引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，从句用动词过去式moved，主句用现在完成时has made。故选B。 24．—Good evening. I ________ to see Miss Mary. —Oh, good evening. I’m sorry, but she is not in. A．came B．come C．have come D．had come 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——晚上好。我来此是想见见玛丽小姐。——哦，晚上好。对不起，她现在不在。 考查动词的时态。根据“Oh, good evening. I’m sorry, but she is not in.”可知，此处非过去时态，故排除A、D项。根据“Good evening. I…to see Miss Mary.”可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，用现在完成时have/has done。故选C。 25．I’m sorry. I ________ your iPad and it doesn’t work now. A．drop B．dropped C．have dropped D．will drop 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我很抱歉。我把你的iPad弄掉了，现在不能用了。 考查现在完成时。根据“…it doesn’t work now.”可知，此处强调“掉落”动作在过去发生，对现在有影响，因此需用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”。故选C。 26．After losing the game, Peter’s father came to his room and ________ him some good advice. A．gives B．gave C．will give D．has given 【答案】B 【详解】句意：输掉比赛后，彼得的爸爸来到他的房间，给了他一些好建议。 考查动词时态。gives第三人称单数；gave过去时；will give一般将来时结构；has given现在完成时结构。根据“came to his room”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的一系列动作，时态应保持一致，用一般过去时。故选B。 27．On November 30, Milkesa ________ first at the 2025 Shanghai Marathon with a time of 2:06:25. A．finishes B．finished C．has finished D．had finished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：11月30日，Milkesa以2:06:25的成绩在2025年上海马拉松比赛中获得第一名。 考查一般过去时。根据时间状语“On November 30”可知，动作发生在过去，句子需使用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选B。 28．Tom seldom practiced and didn’t pay attention to the details, so he ________ the test last week. A．failed B．fails C．will fail D．has failed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆很少练习，也不注意细节，所以他上周考试失败了。 考查时态。根据“last week”可知，句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式failed。故选A。 29．My classmates and I ________ flowers in our school garden last Friday. A．plant B．are planting C．will plant D．planted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我和我的同学上周五在我们学校的花园里种了花。 考查动词时态。plant种植，动词原形；are planting正在种植，现在进行时；will plant将要种植，一般将来时；planted种植，一般过去时/过去分词。根据时间状语“last Friday”可知，动作发生在过去，应使用一般过去时。故选D。 30．The nurse ________ my temperature just now and said I had a fever. A．took B．takes C．take D．is taking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：护士刚才量了我的体温，说我发烧了。 考查动词时态。根据“just now”可知，时态用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故选A。 二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 31．She (shake) her head gently when she heard the bad news. 【答案】shook 【详解】句意：当她听到这个坏消息时，她轻轻摇了摇头。shake意为“摇动”，由heard可知句子为一般过去时，shake的过去式为shook，故填shook。 32．My father looked at me and (nod) to show that he agreed with what I said. 【答案】nodded 【详解】句意：父亲看着我，点点头，表示同意我说的话。根据空格前“My father looked at me”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，结合所给词，此处应填入动词nod的过去式nodded，作谓语。故填nodded。 33．I (try) meditation last week and I found it very effective. 【答案】tried 【详解】句意：我上周尝试了冥想，发现它非常有效。根据“last week”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式tried。故填tried。 34．He (stick) the knife into the wood and could not pull it out. 【答案】stuck 【详解】句意：他把刀插进木头里，拔不出来了。根据“could not pull it out.”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式stuck。故填stuck。 35．They (achieve) their goal of finishing the project ahead of time last month. 【答案】achieved 【详解】句意：他们上个月实现了提前完成项目的目标。根据“last month”可知，句子应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填achieved。 36．He (have) a stomachache since yesterday. He needs to see a doctor. 【答案】has had 【详解】句意：他从昨天起就一直胃痛。他需要去看医生。根据“since yesterday”可知，此处使用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是He，助动词用has，have的过去分词是had。故填has had。 37．My grandfather (deal) with difficulties in learning to use a smartphone since I started to help him step by step. 【答案】has dealt 【详解】句意：自从我开始一步步帮爷爷以来，他已经慢慢克服了学习使用智能手机时遇到的种种困难。根据“since I started to help him step by step”可知，主句应用现在完成时（have/has+过去分词），主句的主语“My grandfather”表示单数，因此助动词用has，deal的过去分词是dealt。故填has dealt。 38．Mr Green (collect) more than 100 old clocks in the past 5 years. 【答案】has collected 【详解】句意：在过去的5年里，格林先生收集了100多块旧钟表。collect“收集”，根据“in the past 5 years”可知，此处用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has done的形式”，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has collected。 39．—Have you (decide) to join the sports club? —Yes, I want to improve my health. 【答案】decided 【详解】句意：——你决定加入体育俱乐部了吗？——是的，我想改善我的健康状况。decide“决定”，动词，结合句意可知，此处句子是现在完成时，Have后应用过去分词。故填decided。 40．We (realize) the importance of good manners since last term. 【答案】have realized 【详解】句意：从上学期开始，我们就已经意识到了良好礼仪的重要性。realize“意识到”，动词；根据时间状语“since last term”可知句子用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语we是复数，助动词用have，realize的过去分词是realized。故填have realized。 三、短文填空(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) Singapore is a wonderful and safe place to take a holiday. 41 the one hand, more than three quarters of the population 42 (be) Chinese, so you can simply speak Putonghua a lot of the time. On the other hand, Singapore is 43 English-speaking country, so it’s also a good place to practise your English! Have you ever 44 (try) Chinese food outside of China? In Singapore, you’ll find a lot of food from China. And you won’t have any problem 45 (get) rice, noodles or dumplings. 46 you like Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, you’ll find it all in Singapore! Singapore has a Night Safari. If you go to see lions, tigers or 47 (fox) during the daytime, they’ll probably be asleep. A lot of animals only wake up at night, so this is the best time to watch 48 (they). At the Night Safari, you can watch these animals in a 49 (natural) environment than in a normal zoo. One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round. This is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose 50 (go) whenever you like—spring, summer, autumn or winter. And, of course, it’s not too far from China! 【答案】 41．On 42．are 43．an 44．tried 45．getting 46．Whether 47．foxes 48．them 49．more natural 50．to go 【导语】本文主要介绍了新加坡对于中国人来说作为度假地的语言、美食、景点及气候等优势。 41．句意：一方面，超过四分之三的人口是华人。on the one hand 为固定搭配，意为“一方面”。注意单词位于句首首字母需大写。故填 On。 42．句意：一方面，超过四分之三的人口是华人。当“population”等集合名词被“more than three quarters of”修饰时，通常强调的是其中的个体成员，因此谓语动词需要用复数形式。故填are。 43．句意：另一方面，新加坡是一个说英语的国家。country是可数名词单数，泛指“一个国家”时需用不定冠词；English-speaking是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。 44．句意：你在国外试过中餐吗？根据“Have you ever”可知，本句时态为现在完成时，结构为“have+过去分词”，try的过去分词为tried。故填tried。 45．句意：而且你想买米饭、面条或者饺子，都不会有问题。have a problem doing sth.为固定用法，意为“做某事有困难”，此处需填动名词。get“得到”，动词，动名词形式为getting。故填 getting。 46．句意：无论你喜欢印度菜、西餐还是日本菜，在新加坡都能找到。根据“you’ll find it all in Singapore”可知，此处需填whether“无论”来引导让步状语从句。注意单词位于句首首字母需大写。故填 Whether。 47．句意：如果你白天去看狮子、老虎或狐狸，它们很可能在睡觉。fox为可数名词，空处由and连接，与“lions”、“tigers”并列，此处需填fox的复数形式。fox“狐狸”，复数为foxes。故填foxes。 48．句意：所以这是观察它们的最佳时机。watch是及物动词，后接人称代词宾格，they的宾格为 them。故填them。 49．句意：在夜间野生动物园，你能在比普通动物园更自然的环境里观赏这些动物。空格处位于“environment than in a normal zoo”前，此处需填形容词比较级作定语。natural“自然的”，形容词，比较级为more natural。故填more natural。 50．句意：所以你可以选择你喜欢的任何时候去——春天、夏天、秋天或冬天。choose to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”，此处需填动词不定式。go“去”，动词，不定式为to go。故填to go。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 3 The world at one click 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 现在完成时（Present Perfect）和一般过去时（Simple Past）的核心区别在于：是否强调动作与“现在”的关联。 一、核心区别总览 1. 一般过去时 关注过去发生的动作本身，动作已经结束，与现在没有直接联系。 常搭配明确的过去时间状语（yesterday, last week, in 2020, at that time 等）。 结构：主语 + 动词过去式（did / was/were）。 2. 现在完成时 关注过去动作对现在造成的结果/影响，或动作从过去持续到现在。 不与明确的过去时间状语连用，常搭配 already, yet, just, ever, never, since, for, so far, recently 等。 结构：主语 + have/has + 过去分词（done）。 二、关键用法对比 1. 时间是否“明确限定” 一般过去时：动作发生在已结束的过去时间段，有明确时间点。 I finished my homework yesterday.（昨天完成，现在不强调这件事的影响） 现在完成时：动作发生在不明确的过去，或时间范围包含“现在”。 I have finished my homework.（强调“现在作业已经完成”这个结果） 2. 动作是否“持续到现在” 一般过去时：动作已终止，不延续到现在。 He lived in Paris for 5 years.（他过去在巴黎住过5年，现在不住了） 现在完成时：动作从过去开始，持续到现在，甚至可能继续。 He has lived in Paris for 5 years.（他在巴黎住了5年，现在还住在那里） 3. 强调“结果”还是“事实” 一般过去时：陈述过去的事实/经历，不关联现在。 I saw that movie last month.（上个月看过，只是陈述经历） 现在完成时：强调现在的状态/结果由过去动作导致。 I have seen that movie.（看过了，所以现在“了解剧情/不想再看”） 4. 经历表达的细微差异 一般过去时：描述过去某一次具体经历，常带时间。 I visited Beijing in 2018. 现在完成时：描述人生至今的经历总和，无具体时间。 I have visited Beijing three times. 三、典型时间标志词 一般过去时：yesterday, last night/week/year, in 2010, at that time, just now, ago, when I was young… 现在完成时：already, yet, just, ever, never, before, so far, up to now, recently, lately, since + 时间点, for + 时间段… 四、易混例句辨析 She left an hour ago.（一般过去时，明确过去时间，强调离开这个动作） She has left.（现在完成时，强调“她现在不在这里”的结果） I lost my key.（一般过去时，只说过去丢了，现在可能已找回） I have lost my key.（现在完成时，强调“现在没钥匙，进不去门”的现状） He worked here for 10 years.（过去在这里工作10年，现已离职） He has worked here for 10 years.（至今仍在这里工作） 一、单项选择(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分) 1．—Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A．has gone to, left B．has been to, has left C．has been in, left 2．Mr. Black ______ maths for more than twenty years in our school. A．teaches B．will teach C．has taught D．taught 3．The students ______ a lot since they started junior high school. A．change B．will change C．have changed D．changed 4．—Several new parks ________ in Qinhuai over the years. —Great! Let’s take a walk there. A．open B．opened C．were open D．have been opened 5．They ________ a lot of Chinese words since they came to China. A．learnt B．learn C．will learn D．have learnt 6．We ________ in the apartment near our school since 2019. A．have lived B．are living C．live D．lived 7．Since last month we ________ the volunteer program, we ________ more than 200 volunteers. A．have started; had B．started; have C．have started; have D．started; have had 8．—Why not go to see the elephant show with me? —Sorry. I ________ it already. A．see B．will see C．saw D．have seen 9．His grandfather _________ since 2014. A．has died B．died C．has been dead D．was dead 10．Jim and his sister ________ this little cat for three days. A．keep B．have kept C．kept D．are keeping 11．—Chen Jie, I remember you ________ several months ago. —You are right. I ________ for six months. A．got married; got married B．have been married; got married C．got married; have been married 12．Since we ________ to use the Internet, our lives ________ a lot. A．begin, changed B．begin, have changed C．began, will change D．began, have changed 13．Alan ________ his winter camp in Switzerland last week and it is the first time that he ________ his hometown to experience a foreign culture. A．left for; has left B．left; left C．left for; left D．left; has left 14．—Do you want to go to the movie with me tonight? —Sorry, I can’t. I ______ my homework yet. A．wasn’t finishing B．don’t finish C．didn’t finish D．haven’t finished 15．—Look! Your teacher Miss White is over there. —No, it can’t be her. She _______ to Beijing. A．went B．has gone C．will go D．has been 16．Her grandfather ________ a car in 2005. He ________ the car for 20 years. A．buy; has bought B．bought; has had C．buys; has had D．bought; has bought 17．Ted is in his bedroom now. He ______ there about space technology for three hours. A．studies B．studied C．has studied D．was studying 18．It is almost seven years ________ we saw each other last time. A．before B．since C．until D．when 19．—Where is Millie? I haven’t seen her for a long time. —She ________ the USA and she ________ New York for two months. A．has been to; has been in B．has gone to; has been in C．has been in; has been to D．has gone to; has been to 20．—Have you ever ________ to Caozhou Peony Garden? —Yes, I ________ there last year. A．been; went B．gone; went C．been; gone D．was; was 21．My sister ______ the book from the library, and she ______ it for two weeks. A．borrowed; has kept B．lent; borrowed C．lent; has kept D．borrowed; borrowed 22．—I’m surprised at the new look of Fuzhou. —Yeah, it _________ a lot. It’s much more beautiful now than it was 10 years ago. A．changes B．will change C．was changing D．has changed 23．Since he ________ to this city, he ________ many new friends. A．moved; made B．moved; has made C．has moved, made D．has moved; has made 24．—Good evening. I ________ to see Miss Mary. —Oh, good evening. I’m sorry, but she is not in. A．came B．come C．have come D．had come 25．I’m sorry. I ________ your iPad and it doesn’t work now. A．drop B．dropped C．have dropped D．will drop 26．After losing the game, Peter’s father came to his room and ________ him some good advice. A．gives B．gave C．will give D．has given 27．On November 30, Milkesa ________ first at the 2025 Shanghai Marathon with a time of 2:06:25. A．finishes B．finished C．has finished D．had finished 28．Tom seldom practiced and didn’t pay attention to the details, so he ________ the test last week. A．failed B．fails C．will fail D．has failed 29．My classmates and I ________ flowers in our school garden last Friday. A．plant B．are planting C．will plant D．planted 30．The nurse ________ my temperature just now and said I had a fever. A．took B．takes C．take D．is taking 二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 31．She (shake) her head gently when she heard the bad news. 32．My father looked at me and (nod) to show that he agreed with what I said. 33．I (try) meditation last week and I found it very effective. 34．He (stick) the knife into the wood and could not pull it out. 35．They (achieve) their goal of finishing the project ahead of time last month. 36．He (have) a stomachache since yesterday. He needs to see a doctor. 37．My grandfather (deal) with difficulties in learning to use a smartphone since I started to help him step by step. 38．Mr Green (collect) more than 100 old clocks in the past 5 years. 39．—Have you (decide) to join the sports club? —Yes, I want to improve my health. 40．We (realize) the importance of good manners since last term. 三、短文填空(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) Singapore is a wonderful and safe place to take a holiday. 41 the one hand, more than three quarters of the population 42 (be) Chinese, so you can simply speak Putonghua a lot of the time. On the other hand, Singapore is 43 English-speaking country, so it’s also a good place to practise your English! Have you ever 44 (try) Chinese food outside of China? In Singapore, you’ll find a lot of food from China. And you won’t have any problem 45 (get) rice, noodles or dumplings. 46 you like Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, you’ll find it all in Singapore! Singapore has a Night Safari. If you go to see lions, tigers or 47 (fox) during the daytime, they’ll probably be asleep. A lot of animals only wake up at night, so this is the best time to watch 48 (they). At the Night Safari, you can watch these animals in a 49 (natural) environment than in a normal zoo. One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round. This is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose 50 (go) whenever you like—spring, summer, autumn or winter. And, of course, it’s not too far from China! 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $