Unit 8 Our Blue Planet 我们的蓝色星球（话题阅读精练）英语新教材仁爱科普版七年级下册

Unit 8 Our Blue Planet 我们的蓝色星球 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage 1 阅读理解 说明文 182 介绍 “海滩拾荒者” 用海洋垃圾创作艺术，警示塑料对海洋的污染。 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 198 讲述宁夏 60 年治沙工程，以稻草棋盘格锁沙，构建绿色屏障护河。 Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 210 介绍世界水日的起源、意义、水资源现状及相关环保宣传活动。 实战演练 Passage 1 完形填空 记叙文 150 梅梅和莉莉为世界海洋日制作海报，向同学宣传海洋保护知识。 Passage 2 阅读理解 记叙文 180 Maria 一家周末清理海滩垃圾，制作标识，用行动保持海滩整洁。 Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 160 介绍黄河的地位、名称由来、水量特点及人们为保护它所做的努力。 Passage 4 阅读表达 说明文 190 介绍亚马逊河概况、雨林价值，以及树木被砍伐导致生物栖息地减少的问题。 Passage1时文阅读 Garbage Art: Stop Ocean Plastic 垃圾艺术：终结海洋塑料 Each year, billions of pounds of garbage end up in the oceans. Sometimes people throw away water bottles or other plastic. They do not recycle their garbage. People may not know that wind and rain can move garbage from land to sea. Plastic takes a very long time to break down. It can remain in the oceans for hundreds of years. Plastic pieces are very dangerous to sea animals. One group, Washed Ashore, came up with a new idea to tell people about the problems in the ocean. First, they take the garbage from the beach. Then, they clean and sort it. Finally, they work with the plastic pieces to make huge works of art. The artwork is mostly of sea creatures (生物). Washed Ashore has created more than seventy of these works of art. Some of them are now traveling in a show all over the world. Each piece shows the effects of garbage. In one show, people learn how plastic fools fish and other sea animals. They think the plastic is food, eat it, and get very sick or even die. This would not happen if people used less plastic and did not litter. The plastic would not end up in the ocean. 每年，数以十亿计的垃圾最终会进入海洋。有时人们会丢弃水瓶或其他塑料制品。他们不进行垃圾分类回收。人们可能不知道，风和雨能够将垃圾从陆地带入海洋。塑料需要很长的时间才能分解。它在海洋中可能会留存数百年之久。塑料碎片对海洋动物来说非常危险。 有一个名为“海滩拾荒者”的团队提出了一个新想法，旨在向人们揭示海洋中存在的问题。首先，他们从海滩上收集垃圾。然后，对这些垃圾进行清理和分类。最后，他们将塑料碎片组合起来，制作出巨大的艺术品。这些艺术品大多是以海洋生物为主题。 “漂浮的海洋”工作室创作了超过七十件这样的艺术作品。其中一些作品目前正在全球巡回展出。每一件作品都展现了垃圾对环境的影响。 在其中一场展示中，人们了解到塑料是如何欺骗鱼类和其他海洋动物的。它们误以为塑料是食物，便吞食下去，结果却因此而变得病重甚至死亡。 如果人们减少使用塑料制品并且不乱扔垃圾，这种情况就不会发生。塑料也就不会进入海洋了。 【长难句分析】 1. People may not know that wind and rain can move garbage from land to sea. 中文翻译：人们可能不知道，风和雨会把垃圾从陆地带到海里。 分析： 这是含宾语从句的复合句； 主句：People may not know（主语People，情态动词may+ 谓语know，表 “可能不知道”）； 宾语从句：that wind and rain can move garbage from land to sea，由that引导，从句用陈述语序； 状语：from land to sea是介词短语，表 “从陆地到海洋”。 ‌2. One group, Washed Ashore, came up with a new idea to tell people about the problems in the ocean. 中文翻译：一个叫 “冲上岸” 的组织，想出了一个新办法来告诉人们海洋里的问题。 分析： 主句：One group came up with a new idea（短语come up with是高频短语，表 “想出”）； 插入语：Washed Ashore是同位语，补充说明 “group” 的名称； 定语：to tell people about the problems in the ocean是不定式短语作定语，修饰idea，说明 “办法的目的”。 ‌3. This would not happen if people used less plastic and did not litter. 中文翻译：如果人们少用塑料、不乱扔垃圾，这种事就不会发生。 分析： 这是含条件状语从句的复合句； 主句：This would not happen（用would表虚拟推测，是情态动词的拓展用法）； 从句：if people used less plastic and did not litter是条件状语，说明 “假设的前提”； 并列结构：used less plastic和did not litter是并列谓语，由and连接。 【重难词汇梳理】 单词 音标 中文释义 单词 音标 中文释义 garbage /ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ/ n. 垃圾 ocean /ˈəʊʃn/ n. 海洋 plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ n. 塑料 remain /rɪˈmeɪn/ v. 留存 dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ adj. 危险的 group /ɡruːp/ n. 组织 idea /aɪˈdɪə/ n. 主意 beach /biːtʃ/ n. 海滩 finally /ˈfaɪnəli/ adv. 最后 create /kriˈeɪt/ v. 创作 show /ʃəʊ/ n. 展览 litter /ˈlɪtə/ v. 乱扔垃圾 Passage2 60-Year Desert Fight: Straw Grids Guard Ningxia 60年沙漠之战：草网守护宁夏 In Changliushui Village, located in Zhongwei, Ningxia, workers have just finished building the last row of straw checkerboards (稻草棋盘格). These special grids (网格) are made of straw and are used to stop sand dunes (沙丘) from moving. This is part of a long-term project to control the desert that lasts over 60 years. The straw checkerboard method is an old but useful way to fix sand. Workers place straw into the sand in the shape of a checkerboard. This helps to hold the sand in place and slow down wind erosion (侵蚀). With this final section finished, a green barrier belt has been formed in Ningxia. It is 153 kilometers long and between 10 and 38 kilometers wide. This project is called “desert edge-locking”. Its goal is to stop the desert from growing bigger by planting plants around its edges. Sometimes, fixed sand dunes can start to move again. To make sure the sand stays in place, workers will plant grass and special shrubs inside the checkerboards during the rainy season. These plants will help keep the sand stable (稳定的) for a long time. The Tengger Desert is very large—about 43 000 square kilometers—and it has been moving eastward. Zhongwei is located in a key position (位置), which is the only gateway for the desert to move eastward. The new green barrier will act like a wall, stopping sand invasion (侵入) and protecting the Yellow River. This project is not only protecting the environment but also setting a good example for other desert areas. 在宁夏中卫市的昌利水村，工人们刚刚完成了最后一排稻草棋盘格的搭建工作。这些特殊的网格由稻草制成，用于阻止沙丘移动。这是长达 60 年的控制沙漠长期项目的一部分。 这种稻草棋盘式固定沙土的方法历史悠久但十分有效。工人们将稻草按照棋盘的形状放入沙中。这样可以固定住沙土，并减缓风力侵蚀。当这一部分工程完成后，宁夏就形成了一个长达 153 公里、宽在 10 至 38 公里的绿色防护带。 这个项目被称为“沙漠边缘封控”。其目标是通过在沙漠边缘种植植物来阻止沙漠面积的扩大。有时，固定的沙丘可能会再次开始移动。为了确保沙子保持在原地，工作人员会在雨季期间在棋盘状区域内部种植草和特殊的灌木。这些植物将有助于长期保持沙子的稳定状态。 腾格里沙漠面积很大——约 43000 平方公里——并且一直在向东部移动。中卫处于一个关键位置（位置），这里是沙漠向东移动的唯一通道。新的绿色屏障将像一道围墙一样发挥作用，阻止沙子的侵入，并保护黄河。 这个项目不仅保护了环境，还为其他沙漠地区树立了良好的典范。 【长难句分析】 1. This is part of a long-term project to control the desert that lasts over 60 years. 中文翻译：这是一项持续 60 多年的沙漠治理长期工程的一部分。 分析： 主句：This is part of a long-term project（主语This，系表结构说明核心内容）； 不定式定语：to control the desert是不定式短语作定语，修饰project，说明工程的目的； 定语从句：that lasts over 60 years由that引导，修饰project，说明工程的时长。 2. Zhongwei is located in a key position, which is the only gateway for the desert to move eastward. 中文翻译：中卫处于关键位置，是沙漠向东移动的唯一通道。 分析： 主句：Zhongwei is located in a key position（系表结构说明中卫的位置）； 非限制性定语从句：which is the only gateway...由which引导，补充说明position； 不定式定语：for the desert to move eastward是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰gateway。 3. This project is not only protecting the environment but also setting a good example for other desert areas. 中文翻译：这个工程不仅在保护环境，还为其他沙漠地区树立了好榜样。 分析： 核心结构：not only...but also...是七年级重点并列结构，连接并列的谓语部分protecting the environment和setting a good example； 介词短语：for other desert areas是介词短语作状语，说明 “榜样” 的受众。 【重难词汇梳理】 单词 音标 中文释义 单词 音标 中文释义 village /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ n. 村庄 help /help/ v. 帮助 worker /ˈwɜːkə(r)/ n. 工人 long /lɒŋ/ adj. 长的 finish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ v. 完成 large /lɑːdʒ/ adj. 大的 project /ˈprɒdʒekt/ n. 工程 position /pəˈzɪʃn/ n. 位置 method /ˈmeθəd/ n. 方法 protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护 shape /ʃeɪp/ n. 形状 environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ n. 环境 Passage3 World Water Day 世界水日 What is World Water Day? Everyone needs water, and every drop is important. In 1992, the United Nations decided to make a special day for water to make more people know how valuable water is. World Water Day has been celebrated on 22 March every year since 1993. There is a different theme each year for the day,and the theme in 2023 is “Accelerating Change” Why do we need water? The human body is around 60 percent water.and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. We also need it for cooking,washing and many other things.We use water indirectly(间接地) too.Farmers use water to make the plants grow. A lot of water is used to produce the clothes we wear. Does everyone have enough water? We all need water to stay alive.but over two billion people around the world live without safe water in their homes. That's around 25 percent of the world's population!Besides,climate(气候) change is making the water less and less. What happens on World Water Day? On this day,many countries hold events to educate people about the importance of water and call on people to protect water resources. For example, a lot of groups organize activities like"Walk for water", where people walk four,eight or twelve kilometers each day in March,to see how it feels when they have to walk a long way to get their drinking water. So,this World Water Day,what will you do? 世界水日是什么？ 每个人都需要水，每一滴水都很重要。1992 年，联合国决定设立一个专门的水日，以让更多的人了解水的珍贵。自 1993 年起，每年的 3 月 22 日都庆祝世界水日。每年的世界水日都有不同的主题，2023 年的主题是“加速变革”。 为什么我们需要水？ 人体大约 60% 是水，我们需要喝大量的水来保持健康。我们还需要水来做饭、洗漱以及许多其他事情。我们也会间接地使用水。农民用水来灌溉庄稼。生产我们穿的衣服也需要大量的水。 每个人都有足够的水吗？ 我们都需要水来维持生命，但全球有超过 20 亿人家里没有安全的饮用水，这大约占世界人口的 25%！此外，气候变化使得水资源越来越少。 世界水日会发生什么？ 在这一天，许多国家举办活动来教育人们水的重要性，并呼吁人们保护水资源。例如，很多团体组织诸如“为水而行”的活动，在三月里人们每天步行四、八或十二公里，以体验必须走很远的路才能获取饮用水的感受。那么，今年的世界水日，你会做些什么呢？ 【长难句分析】 1. In 1992, the United Nations decided to make a special day for water to make more people know how valuable water is. 中文翻译：1992 年，联合国决定设立一个专门的 “水日”，让更多人了解水有多珍贵。 分析： 主句：the United Nations decided to make a special day for water（主语the United Nations，谓语decided，核心结构decide to do sth.（决定做某事））； 目的状语：to make more people know...是不定式短语作目的状语，说明 “设立水日” 的目的； 宾语从句：how valuable water is作know的宾语，用陈述语序，valuable是七年级常考形容词（意为 “珍贵的”） 2. For example, a lot of groups organize activities like "Walk for water", where people walk four, eight or twelve kilometers each day in March, to see how it feels when they have to walk a long way to get their drinking water. 中文翻译：例如，很多团体组织 “为水行走” 这类活动，人们在三月里每天走 4、8 或 12 公里，体验必须走很远才能拿到饮用水的感受。 分析： 主句：a lot of groups organize activities like "Walk for water"（主语a lot of groups，谓语organize，like表 “例如”）； 非限制性定语从句：where people walk...in March由where引导，修饰activities，说明活动的具体内容； 目的状语：to see how it feels...是不定式短语作目的状语； 嵌套从句：how it feels是宾语从句，when they have to walk...是时间状语从句。 3. We all need water to stay alive, but over two billion people around the world live without safe water in their homes. 中文翻译：我们都需要水来生存，但全球超过 20 亿人家里没有安全的饮用水。 分析： 并列句：由but连接两个转折关系的分句； 第一分句：We all need water to stay alive，to stay alive是不定式短语作目的状语，说明 “需要水” 的目的； 第二分句：over two billion people around the world live without safe water in their homes，around the world和in their homes是介词短语作定语 / 状语，without表 “没有”。 【重难词汇梳理】 单词 音标 中文释义 单词 音标 中文释义 water /ˈwɔːtə(r)/ n. 水 healthy /ˈhelθi/ adj. 健康的 important /ɪmˈpɔːtnt/ adj. 重要的 cook /kʊk/ v. 烹饪 decide /dɪˈsaɪd/ v. 决定 wash /wɒʃ/ v. 洗；洗涤 celebrate /ˈselɪbreɪt/ v. 庆祝 produce /prəˈdjuːs/ v. 生产；制造 theme /θiːm/ n. 主题 safe /seɪf/ adj. 安全的 human /ˈhjuːmən/ n. 人类 population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 人口 climate /ˈklaɪmɪt/ n. 气候 protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护 resource /rɪˈsɔːs/ n. 资源 activity /ækˈtɪvəti/ n. 活动 实战演练 Passage1 World Ocean Day is coming. Meimei and Lili want more people to 1 the ocean protecting activities. They plan to make some 2 about ocean protection. First, they 3 some information from books and online. Then they make a list 4 things, and they can do these things to protect the ocean. They also ask their teacher for some 5 . After 6 their plan, their teacher says, “You need to 7 the posters to your classmates. Using real life examples may help them know 8 about ocean protection.” Meimei and Lili do as their teacher says. They use real photos 9 write some simple words. They hope more people can learn from the posters and start to protect the ocean 10 . If everyone tries, the ocean will be more beautiful. 1．A．take part in B．search for C．pay for D．worry about 2．A．posters B．cards C．lists D．stories 3．A．look like B．talk about C．search for D．pay for 4．A．with B．of C．for D．to 5．A．facts B．meters C．suggestions D．kilos 6．A．to finish B．finishes C．finishing D．finish 7．A．decide B．show C．brush D．wash 8．A．many B．better C．well D．away 9．A．and B．but C．when D．because 10．A．as we all know B．as a matter of fact C．from now on D．in short Passage 2 Maria’s family goes on a trip to the beach every weekend. They do many activities on the beach, such as playing games, drawing pictures and flying kites. But this weekend, Maria’s family did something different on the beach. “The beach is so dirty and there is plenty of rubbish on it. Do you see that?” Maria’s father asked. Maria felt very sad to see so much rubbish. “What can we do?” she asked. “Let’s clean up the beach,” Maria’s father said. “OK,” everyone answered. And then they started their new activity. Maria’s brother walked along the beach to collect all kinds of rubbish. And Mum sorted (把……分类) them. Maria then put them in different big bags. What did Dad do? He took all the bags to the recycling (回收) center, which is not far from the beach. After a busy day, Maria felt so tired. But when she saw the clean beach, she felt happy. Finally, Maria’s family made a sign to keep the beach tidy and clean! Then they put up the sign there. They felt happy with what they did today. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why did Maria’s family do something different this weekend? A．Because the beach was full of rubbish. B．Because they wanted to try a new sport. C．Because Maria’s parents were very tired. D．Because there were many people on the beach. 2．What does the underlined part “new activity” refer to (指的是)? A．Flying kites. B．Playing games. C．Drawing pictures. D．Cleaning up the beach. 3．Who put the rubbish in different bags? A．Maria. B．Maria’s brother. C．Maria’s mum. D．Maria’s dad. 4．Which sign may Maria’s family put up? A． B． C． D． 5．What is the best title for the text? A．A Happy Family B．An Exciting Activity C．Maria’s Family’s Special Beach Trip D．A Useful Sign Passage 3 The Yellow River is one of the most important rivers in China. It is called the “Mother River”. 1 It is the second longest river in China. The Yellow River gets its name from the yellow- brown colour of its water. 2 The river carries lots of yellow soil when it runs through Shaanxi. The river starts in the mountains of western China. It runs through nine provinces (省份). 3 In summer and autumn, it rains a lot in the Yellow River basin (流域). The river gets lots of water. 4 The river doesn’t have much water then. For a long time, the Yellow River brings lots of water and helps grow food. Today, people are working hard to save the Yellow River. They are planting trees to stop soil from washing into the river. 5 It is a symbol (象征) of China’s history and culture. Let’s all do our part to protect this great river. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A．It is about 5,460 kilometers long. B．The Yellow River is not just a river. C．This colour comes from the soil. D．In winter and spring, there is a little rain. E．Then it runs into the Bohai Sea in Shandong. Passage 4 The Amazon River is in South America. It is 6, 440 kilometers long and is the second longest river in the world. The Amazon River begins in the high mountains of Peru (秘鲁). It then crosses over into Brazil (巴西). Most of the Amazon is in Brazil. Finally, it ends in the Atlantic Ocean (大西洋). It has more water than any other river in the world. Along the river are some of the wettest places in the world and kilometers and kilometers of forests. They are called the Amazon rainforest. It is the largest rainforest in the world. It covers five and a half million square kilometers of the Amazon Basin and spreads across nine countries. In the rainforest, there are many animals that are very different from the ones in China. Many special plants in it can be made into medicine to help people. However, many living things lose their homes because people cut down many trees. As a result, there are fewer animals, birds and insects in the forests. 1．How long is the Amazon River? 2．Where does the Amazon River go finally? 3．How do many special plants in the Amazon rainforest help people? 4．Why are there fewer animals, birds and insects? 5．What can we do to protect the Amazon rainforest? (please give an example) 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Our Blue Planet 我们的蓝色星球 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage 1 阅读理解 说明文 182 介绍 “海滩拾荒者” 用海洋垃圾创作艺术，警示塑料对海洋的污染。 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 198 讲述宁夏 60 年治沙工程，以稻草棋盘格锁沙，构建绿色屏障护河。 Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 210 介绍世界水日的起源、意义、水资源现状及相关环保宣传活动。 实战演练 Passage 1 完形填空 记叙文 150 梅梅和莉莉为世界海洋日制作海报，向同学宣传海洋保护知识。 Passage 2 阅读理解 记叙文 180 Maria 一家周末清理海滩垃圾，制作标识，用行动保持海滩整洁。 Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 160 介绍黄河的地位、名称由来、水量特点及人们为保护它所做的努力。 Passage 4 阅读表达 说明文 190 介绍亚马逊河概况、雨林价值，以及树木被砍伐导致生物栖息地减少的问题。 Passage1时文阅读 Garbage Art: Stop Ocean Plastic 垃圾艺术：终结海洋塑料 Each year, billions of pounds of garbage end up in the oceans. Sometimes people throw away water bottles or other plastic. They do not recycle their garbage. People may not know that wind and rain can move garbage from land to sea. Plastic takes a very long time to break down. It can remain in the oceans for hundreds of years. Plastic pieces are very dangerous to sea animals. One group, Washed Ashore, came up with a new idea to tell people about the problems in the ocean. First, they take the garbage from the beach. Then, they clean and sort it. Finally, they work with the plastic pieces to make huge works of art. The artwork is mostly of sea creatures (生物). Washed Ashore has created more than seventy of these works of art. Some of them are now traveling in a show all over the world. Each piece shows the effects of garbage. In one show, people learn how plastic fools fish and other sea animals. They think the plastic is food, eat it, and get very sick or even die. This would not happen if people used less plastic and did not litter. The plastic would not end up in the ocean. 每年，数以十亿计的垃圾最终会进入海洋。有时人们会丢弃水瓶或其他塑料制品。他们不进行垃圾分类回收。人们可能不知道，风和雨能够将垃圾从陆地带入海洋。塑料需要很长的时间才能分解。它在海洋中可能会留存数百年之久。塑料碎片对海洋动物来说非常危险。 有一个名为“海滩拾荒者”的团队提出了一个新想法，旨在向人们揭示海洋中存在的问题。首先，他们从海滩上收集垃圾。然后，对这些垃圾进行清理和分类。最后，他们将塑料碎片组合起来，制作出巨大的艺术品。这些艺术品大多是以海洋生物为主题。 “漂浮的海洋”工作室创作了超过七十件这样的艺术作品。其中一些作品目前正在全球巡回展出。每一件作品都展现了垃圾对环境的影响。 在其中一场展示中，人们了解到塑料是如何欺骗鱼类和其他海洋动物的。它们误以为塑料是食物，便吞食下去，结果却因此而变得病重甚至死亡。 如果人们减少使用塑料制品并且不乱扔垃圾，这种情况就不会发生。塑料也就不会进入海洋了。 【长难句分析】 1. People may not know that wind and rain can move garbage from land to sea. 中文翻译：人们可能不知道，风和雨会把垃圾从陆地带到海里。 分析： 这是含宾语从句的复合句； 主句：People may not know（主语People，情态动词may+ 谓语know，表 “可能不知道”）； 宾语从句：that wind and rain can move garbage from land to sea，由that引导，从句用陈述语序； 状语：from land to sea是介词短语，表 “从陆地到海洋”。 ‌2. One group, Washed Ashore, came up with a new idea to tell people about the problems in the ocean. 中文翻译：一个叫 “冲上岸” 的组织，想出了一个新办法来告诉人们海洋里的问题。 分析： 主句：One group came up with a new idea（短语come up with是高频短语，表 “想出”）； 插入语：Washed Ashore是同位语，补充说明 “group” 的名称； 定语：to tell people about the problems in the ocean是不定式短语作定语，修饰idea，说明 “办法的目的”。 ‌3. This would not happen if people used less plastic and did not litter. 中文翻译：如果人们少用塑料、不乱扔垃圾，这种事就不会发生。 分析： 这是含条件状语从句的复合句； 主句：This would not happen（用would表虚拟推测，是情态动词的拓展用法）； 从句：if people used less plastic and did not litter是条件状语，说明 “假设的前提”； 并列结构：used less plastic和did not litter是并列谓语，由and连接。 【重难词汇梳理】 单词 音标 中文释义 单词 音标 中文释义 garbage /ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ/ n. 垃圾 ocean /ˈəʊʃn/ n. 海洋 plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ n. 塑料 remain /rɪˈmeɪn/ v. 留存 dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ adj. 危险的 group /ɡruːp/ n. 组织 idea /aɪˈdɪə/ n. 主意 beach /biːtʃ/ n. 海滩 finally /ˈfaɪnəli/ adv. 最后 create /kriˈeɪt/ v. 创作 show /ʃəʊ/ n. 展览 litter /ˈlɪtə/ v. 乱扔垃圾 Passage2 60-Year Desert Fight: Straw Grids Guard Ningxia 60年沙漠之战：草网守护宁夏 In Changliushui Village, located in Zhongwei, Ningxia, workers have just finished building the last row of straw checkerboards (稻草棋盘格). These special grids (网格) are made of straw and are used to stop sand dunes (沙丘) from moving. This is part of a long-term project to control the desert that lasts over 60 years. The straw checkerboard method is an old but useful way to fix sand. Workers place straw into the sand in the shape of a checkerboard. This helps to hold the sand in place and slow down wind erosion (侵蚀). With this final section finished, a green barrier belt has been formed in Ningxia. It is 153 kilometers long and between 10 and 38 kilometers wide. This project is called “desert edge-locking”. Its goal is to stop the desert from growing bigger by planting plants around its edges. Sometimes, fixed sand dunes can start to move again. To make sure the sand stays in place, workers will plant grass and special shrubs inside the checkerboards during the rainy season. These plants will help keep the sand stable (稳定的) for a long time. The Tengger Desert is very large—about 43 000 square kilometers—and it has been moving eastward. Zhongwei is located in a key position (位置), which is the only gateway for the desert to move eastward. The new green barrier will act like a wall, stopping sand invasion (侵入) and protecting the Yellow River. This project is not only protecting the environment but also setting a good example for other desert areas. 在宁夏中卫市的昌利水村，工人们刚刚完成了最后一排稻草棋盘格的搭建工作。这些特殊的网格由稻草制成，用于阻止沙丘移动。这是长达 60 年的控制沙漠长期项目的一部分。 这种稻草棋盘式固定沙土的方法历史悠久但十分有效。工人们将稻草按照棋盘的形状放入沙中。这样可以固定住沙土，并减缓风力侵蚀。当这一部分工程完成后，宁夏就形成了一个长达 153 公里、宽在 10 至 38 公里的绿色防护带。 这个项目被称为“沙漠边缘封控”。其目标是通过在沙漠边缘种植植物来阻止沙漠面积的扩大。有时，固定的沙丘可能会再次开始移动。为了确保沙子保持在原地，工作人员会在雨季期间在棋盘状区域内部种植草和特殊的灌木。这些植物将有助于长期保持沙子的稳定状态。 腾格里沙漠面积很大——约 43000 平方公里——并且一直在向东部移动。中卫处于一个关键位置（位置），这里是沙漠向东移动的唯一通道。新的绿色屏障将像一道围墙一样发挥作用，阻止沙子的侵入，并保护黄河。 这个项目不仅保护了环境，还为其他沙漠地区树立了良好的典范。 【长难句分析】 1. This is part of a long-term project to control the desert that lasts over 60 years. 中文翻译：这是一项持续 60 多年的沙漠治理长期工程的一部分。 分析： 主句：This is part of a long-term project（主语This，系表结构说明核心内容）； 不定式定语：to control the desert是不定式短语作定语，修饰project，说明工程的目的； 定语从句：that lasts over 60 years由that引导，修饰project，说明工程的时长。 2. Zhongwei is located in a key position, which is the only gateway for the desert to move eastward. 中文翻译：中卫处于关键位置，是沙漠向东移动的唯一通道。 分析： 主句：Zhongwei is located in a key position（系表结构说明中卫的位置）； 非限制性定语从句：which is the only gateway...由which引导，补充说明position； 不定式定语：for the desert to move eastward是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰gateway。 3. This project is not only protecting the environment but also setting a good example for other desert areas. 中文翻译：这个工程不仅在保护环境，还为其他沙漠地区树立了好榜样。 分析： 核心结构：not only...but also...是七年级重点并列结构，连接并列的谓语部分protecting the environment和setting a good example； 介词短语：for other desert areas是介词短语作状语，说明 “榜样” 的受众。 【重难词汇梳理】 单词 音标 中文释义 单词 音标 中文释义 village /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ n. 村庄 help /help/ v. 帮助 worker /ˈwɜːkə(r)/ n. 工人 long /lɒŋ/ adj. 长的 finish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/ v. 完成 large /lɑːdʒ/ adj. 大的 project /ˈprɒdʒekt/ n. 工程 position /pəˈzɪʃn/ n. 位置 method /ˈmeθəd/ n. 方法 protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护 shape /ʃeɪp/ n. 形状 environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ n. 环境 Passage3 World Water Day 世界水日 What is World Water Day? Everyone needs water, and every drop is important. In 1992, the United Nations decided to make a special day for water to make more people know how valuable water is. World Water Day has been celebrated on 22 March every year since 1993. There is a different theme each year for the day,and the theme in 2023 is “Accelerating Change” Why do we need water? The human body is around 60 percent water.and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. We also need it for cooking,washing and many other things.We use water indirectly(间接地) too.Farmers use water to make the plants grow. A lot of water is used to produce the clothes we wear. Does everyone have enough water? We all need water to stay alive.but over two billion people around the world live without safe water in their homes. That's around 25 percent of the world's population!Besides,climate(气候) change is making the water less and less. What happens on World Water Day? On this day,many countries hold events to educate people about the importance of water and call on people to protect water resources. For example, a lot of groups organize activities like"Walk for water", where people walk four,eight or twelve kilometers each day in March,to see how it feels when they have to walk a long way to get their drinking water. So,this World Water Day,what will you do? 世界水日是什么？ 每个人都需要水，每一滴水都很重要。1992 年，联合国决定设立一个专门的水日，以让更多的人了解水的珍贵。自 1993 年起，每年的 3 月 22 日都庆祝世界水日。每年的世界水日都有不同的主题，2023 年的主题是“加速变革”。 为什么我们需要水？ 人体大约 60% 是水，我们需要喝大量的水来保持健康。我们还需要水来做饭、洗漱以及许多其他事情。我们也会间接地使用水。农民用水来灌溉庄稼。生产我们穿的衣服也需要大量的水。 每个人都有足够的水吗？ 我们都需要水来维持生命，但全球有超过 20 亿人家里没有安全的饮用水，这大约占世界人口的 25%！此外，气候变化使得水资源越来越少。 世界水日会发生什么？ 在这一天，许多国家举办活动来教育人们水的重要性，并呼吁人们保护水资源。例如，很多团体组织诸如“为水而行”的活动，在三月里人们每天步行四、八或十二公里，以体验必须走很远的路才能获取饮用水的感受。那么，今年的世界水日，你会做些什么呢？ 【长难句分析】 1. In 1992, the United Nations decided to make a special day for water to make more people know how valuable water is. 中文翻译：1992 年，联合国决定设立一个专门的 “水日”，让更多人了解水有多珍贵。 分析： 主句：the United Nations decided to make a special day for water（主语the United Nations，谓语decided，核心结构decide to do sth.（决定做某事））； 目的状语：to make more people know...是不定式短语作目的状语，说明 “设立水日” 的目的； 宾语从句：how valuable water is作know的宾语，用陈述语序，valuable是七年级常考形容词（意为 “珍贵的”） 2. For example, a lot of groups organize activities like "Walk for water", where people walk four, eight or twelve kilometers each day in March, to see how it feels when they have to walk a long way to get their drinking water. 中文翻译：例如，很多团体组织 “为水行走” 这类活动，人们在三月里每天走 4、8 或 12 公里，体验必须走很远才能拿到饮用水的感受。 分析： 主句：a lot of groups organize activities like "Walk for water"（主语a lot of groups，谓语organize，like表 “例如”）； 非限制性定语从句：where people walk...in March由where引导，修饰activities，说明活动的具体内容； 目的状语：to see how it feels...是不定式短语作目的状语； 嵌套从句：how it feels是宾语从句，when they have to walk...是时间状语从句。 3. We all need water to stay alive, but over two billion people around the world live without safe water in their homes. 中文翻译：我们都需要水来生存，但全球超过 20 亿人家里没有安全的饮用水。 分析： 并列句：由but连接两个转折关系的分句； 第一分句：We all need water to stay alive，to stay alive是不定式短语作目的状语，说明 “需要水” 的目的； 第二分句：over two billion people around the world live without safe water in their homes，around the world和in their homes是介词短语作定语 / 状语，without表 “没有”。 【重难词汇梳理】 单词 音标 中文释义 单词 音标 中文释义 water /ˈwɔːtə(r)/ n. 水 healthy /ˈhelθi/ adj. 健康的 important /ɪmˈpɔːtnt/ adj. 重要的 cook /kʊk/ v. 烹饪 decide /dɪˈsaɪd/ v. 决定 wash /wɒʃ/ v. 洗；洗涤 celebrate /ˈselɪbreɪt/ v. 庆祝 produce /prəˈdjuːs/ v. 生产；制造 theme /θiːm/ n. 主题 safe /seɪf/ adj. 安全的 human /ˈhjuːmən/ n. 人类 population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 人口 climate /ˈklaɪmɪt/ n. 气候 protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护 resource /rɪˈsɔːs/ n. 资源 activity /ækˈtɪvəti/ n. 活动 实战演练 Passage1 World Ocean Day is coming. Meimei and Lili want more people to 1 the ocean protecting activities. They plan to make some 2 about ocean protection. First, they 3 some information from books and online. Then they make a list 4 things, and they can do these things to protect the ocean. They also ask their teacher for some 5 . After 6 their plan, their teacher says, “You need to 7 the posters to your classmates. Using real life examples may help them know 8 about ocean protection.” Meimei and Lili do as their teacher says. They use real photos 9 write some simple words. They hope more people can learn from the posters and start to protect the ocean 10 . If everyone tries, the ocean will be more beautiful. 1．A．take part in B．search for C．pay for D．worry about 2．A．posters B．cards C．lists D．stories 3．A．look like B．talk about C．search for D．pay for 4．A．with B．of C．for D．to 5．A．facts B．meters C．suggestions D．kilos 6．A．to finish B．finishes C．finishing D．finish 7．A．decide B．show C．brush D．wash 8．A．many B．better C．well D．away 9．A．and B．but C．when D．because 10．A．as we all know B．as a matter of fact C．from now on D．in short 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了梅梅和莉莉为迎接世界海洋日制作海洋保护海报的过程。他们通过搜集资料、制定方案、咨询老师建议，最终设计出图文并茂的海报，号召同学们了解海洋保护重要性并付诸行动。 1．句意：梅梅和莉莉想要更多的人参与海洋保护活动。 take part in参加；search for搜寻；pay for支付；worry about担心。根据“want more people to...the ocean protecting activities”以及选项可知，应填take part in，表示想要更多的人参与海洋保护活动。故选A。 2．句意：他们计划制作一些关于海洋保护的海报。 posters海报；cards卡片；lists清单；stories故事。根据下文“You need to...the posters to your classmates.”和“They hope more people can learn from the posters”以及选项可知，应填名词posters，表示计划制作一些关于海洋保护的海报。故选A。 3．句意：首先，他们从书籍和网上搜索一些信息。 look like看起来像；talk about谈论；search for寻找；payfor支付。根据“they...some information from books and online”以及选项可知，应填search for，表示从书籍和网上搜索一些信息。故选C。 4．句意：然后他们列一个事物清单，他们可以做这些事情来保护海洋。 with和；of……的；for为了；to到。make a list of“列出……的清单”。故选B。 5．句意：他们还向老师征求一些建议。 facts事实；meters米；suggestions建议；kilos公斤。根据下文“After...their plan, their teacher says...”以及选项可知，应填名词suggestions，表示向老师征求一些建议。故选C。 6．句意：在完成他们的计划后，他们的老师说：“你需要向同学们展示海报。用现实生活中的例子可以帮助他们更好地了解海洋保护。” to finish不定式；finishes第三人称单数；finishing现在分词或动名词；finish动词原形。根据“After...their plan, their teacher says...”以及选项可知，应填动名词形式finishing，作介词After的宾语。故选C。 7．句意：你们需要向同学们展示海报。 decide决定；show展示；brush刷；wash洗。根据“You need to…the posters to your classmates.”以及选项可知，应填动词show，表示向同学们展示海报。show sth to sb向某人展示某物。故选B。 8．句意：用现实生活中的例子可以帮助他们更好地了解海洋保护。 many许多；better更好；well好；away远离。根据“Using real life examples may help them know...about ocean protection.”以及选项可知，应填better，暗指和不用现实生活中的例子相比较。know better about“更好地了解”。故选B。 9．句意：他们使用真实的照片，并写一些简单的话语。 and和；but但是；when当……时；because因为。根据“use real photos”和“write some simple words”以及选项可知，两者之间是并列关系，用and连接。故选A。 10．句意：他们希望更多的人能从海报中学习，从现在开始保护海洋。 as we all know众所周知；as a matter of fact事实上；from now on从现在起；in short简而言之。根据“start to protect the ocean... .”以及选项可知，应填from now on，表示从现在开始保护海洋。故选C。 Passage 2 Maria’s family goes on a trip to the beach every weekend. They do many activities on the beach, such as playing games, drawing pictures and flying kites. But this weekend, Maria’s family did something different on the beach. “The beach is so dirty and there is plenty of rubbish on it. Do you see that?” Maria’s father asked. Maria felt very sad to see so much rubbish. “What can we do?” she asked. “Let’s clean up the beach,” Maria’s father said. “OK,” everyone answered. And then they started their new activity. Maria’s brother walked along the beach to collect all kinds of rubbish. And Mum sorted (把……分类) them. Maria then put them in different big bags. What did Dad do? He took all the bags to the recycling (回收) center, which is not far from the beach. After a busy day, Maria felt so tired. But when she saw the clean beach, she felt happy. Finally, Maria’s family made a sign to keep the beach tidy and clean! Then they put up the sign there. They felt happy with what they did today. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why did Maria’s family do something different this weekend? A．Because the beach was full of rubbish. B．Because they wanted to try a new sport. C．Because Maria’s parents were very tired. D．Because there were many people on the beach. 2．What does the underlined part “new activity” refer to (指的是)? A．Flying kites. B．Playing games. C．Drawing pictures. D．Cleaning up the beach. 3．Who put the rubbish in different bags? A．Maria. B．Maria’s brother. C．Maria’s mum. D．Maria’s dad. 4．Which sign may Maria’s family put up? A． B． C． D． 5．What is the best title for the text? A．A Happy Family B．An Exciting Activity C．Maria’s Family’s Special Beach Trip D．A Useful Sign 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Maria一家周末去海滩旅行，因海滩有很多垃圾，一家人进行清理并制作标识保持海滩整洁的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“But this weekend, Maria’s family did something different on the beach. ‘The beach is so dirty and there is plenty of rubbish on it. Do you see that?’ Maria’s father asked.”可知，因为海滩满是垃圾，所以Maria一家做了不同的事，故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“‘Let’s clean up the beach,’ Maria's father said. ‘OK,’ everyone answered. And then they started their new activity.”可知，“new activity”指的是清理海滩，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Maria then put them in different big bags.”可知，是Maria把垃圾放进不同袋子，故选A。 4．推理判断题。Maria一家为保持海滩整洁制作标识，C选项是禁止乱扔垃圾的标识，符合语境，故选C。 5．最佳标题题。根据文章主要内容可知，本文讲述了Maria一家这次特别的海滩旅行，“Maria’s Family’s Special Beach Trip”作为标题最合适，故选C。 Passage 3 The Yellow River is one of the most important rivers in China. It is called the “Mother River”. 1 It is the second longest river in China. The Yellow River gets its name from the yellow- brown colour of its water. 2 The river carries lots of yellow soil when it runs through Shaanxi. The river starts in the mountains of western China. It runs through nine provinces (省份). 3 In summer and autumn, it rains a lot in the Yellow River basin (流域). The river gets lots of water. 4 The river doesn’t have much water then. For a long time, the Yellow River brings lots of water and helps grow food. Today, people are working hard to save the Yellow River. They are planting trees to stop soil from washing into the river. 5 It is a symbol (象征) of China’s history and culture. Let’s all do our part to protect this great river. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A．It is about 5,460 kilometers long. B．The Yellow River is not just a river. C．This colour comes from the soil. D．In winter and spring, there is a little rain. E．Then it runs into the Bohai Sea in Shandong. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了黄河的基本情况，以及人们为保护黄河所做的努力，强调了黄河作为中国历史和文化象征的重要地位。 1．根据“It is the second-longest river in China.”可知，前文提到黄河是中国第二长河，选项A“它大约有5460公里长”用具体数据说明黄河的长度，与“第二长河”的描述相呼应，故选A。 2．根据“The Yellow River gets its name from the yellow-brown colour of its water.”可知，前文解释黄河名称来源于其水的黄棕色，选项C“这种颜色来自土壤”进一步说明水的颜色的成因，故选C。 3．根据“It runs through nine provinces.”可知，前文提到黄河流经九个省份，选项E“然后它流入山东的渤海”说明黄河的最终流向，故选E。 4．根据“In summer and autumn, it rains a lot in the Yellow River basin. The river gets lots of water.”及“The river doesn’t have much water then.”可知，前文讲夏秋季节雨水多、水量大，后文说此时水量少，选项D“在冬季和春季，雨水很少”，解释了水量少的原因，故选D。 5．根据“It is a symbol of China’s history and culture.”可知，后文指出黄河是中国历史和文化的象征，选项B“黄河不仅仅是一条河”升华了黄河的意义，引出其象征意义，故选B。 Passage 4 The Amazon River is in South America. It is 6, 440 kilometers long and is the second longest river in the world. The Amazon River begins in the high mountains of Peru (秘鲁). It then crosses over into Brazil (巴西). Most of the Amazon is in Brazil. Finally, it ends in the Atlantic Ocean (大西洋). It has more water than any other river in the world. Along the river are some of the wettest places in the world and kilometers and kilometers of forests. They are called the Amazon rainforest. It is the largest rainforest in the world. It covers five and a half million square kilometers of the Amazon Basin and spreads across nine countries. In the rainforest, there are many animals that are very different from the ones in China. Many special plants in it can be made into medicine to help people. However, many living things lose their homes because people cut down many trees. As a result, there are fewer animals, birds and insects in the forests. 1．How long is the Amazon River? 2．Where does the Amazon River go finally? 3．How do many special plants in the Amazon rainforest help people? 4．Why are there fewer animals, birds and insects? 5．What can we do to protect the Amazon rainforest? (please give an example) 【答案】 1．It’s 6, 440 kilometers long. 2．To the Atlantic Ocean. 3．They can be made into medicine to help people. 4．Because people cut down many trees. 5．We can make a poster about protecting the Amazon rainforest./We can plant more trees in the Amazon rainforest. 【导语】本文向我们介绍了亚马逊热带雨林。 1．根据“It is 6, 440 kilometers long”可知，亚马逊河长 6440 公里。故填It’s 6, 440 kilometers long. 2．根据“Finally, it ends in the Atlantic Ocean ”可知，最终亚马逊河流入大西洋。故填To the Atlantic Ocean. 3．根据“Many special plants in it can be made into medicine to help people.”可知，许多特殊的植物可以被制成药物来帮助人们。故填They can be made into medicine to help people. 4．根据“many living things lose their homes because people cut down many trees”可知，许多动物因为人们砍伐了大量的树木而失去了它们的家园。故填Because people cut down many trees. 5． 根据亚马逊雨林所面临的问题，提出方法，言之有理即可。故填We can make a poster about protecting the Amazon rainforest./We can plant more trees in the Amazon rainforest. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $