新知02 情态动词should&could, 反身代词（精讲精练）-2026年八年级英语寒假衔接回归教材复习与预习重难点突破（新教材人教版）

新知 02 情态动词should&could, 反身代词（精讲精练） 情态动词should 情态动词should的用法 情态动词should意为“应当；应该”，后接动词 原形 ，没有人称和数的变化。 一、should的句式结构 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+ should +动词原形+其他 We should help the people in trouble. 否定句 主语+ shouldn’t +动词原形+其他 They shouldn’t eat too much. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+ should +主语+动词原形+其他？ Where should we meet? 一般疑问句 Should +主语+动词原形+其他？ —It’s too cold. Should I close the window? 肯定回答 Yes, 主语+ should. —Yes, you should. 否定回答 No, 主语+shouldn’t. —No, you shouldn’t. 二、should的基本用法及示例 用法 示例 表示劝告、建议 You should answer the question in English.你应该用英语回答这个问题。 表示义务、责任 Children should do their homework by themselves.孩子们应该独自做作业。 表示推断、判断 They should be at home now, I think.我认为，他们现在应该在家。 表示惊讶、赞叹、不满等 How should I know?我怎么会知道？ 情态动词could的用法 can 的过去式 礼貌地请求 提出建议 推测 could 一、提出礼貌的请求 could表示委婉地请求，其句型结构主要有： 1. Could you +动词原形+...? 2. Could you please+动词原形+...? 意为＂请你做……好吗? ＂句型2比句型1语气更加委婉。肯定回答：Yes, sure. / Sure. / Of course. / No problem. 否定回答：Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t. ☞ Li Lei, could you please help me? 李雷，请你帮我个忙好吗？ ☞ —Could you come here soon? 你尽快过来，行吗？ —Sure. 当然可以。 ☞ —Could you please close the window? 请你关上窗户好吗？ —I’m afraid not. 恐怕不行。 【注意】其否定结构为：Could you（please）not do...? 【知识拓展】 Would you mind doing sth? 也可表示请求，常用句型： Would you please + do sth? Would you + do sth? 肯定回答：Sure. / Of course. / No problem. / I’d love to. 否定回答：Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t. / I’d love to, but... ☞ —Would you mind cleaning your room? 你介意去打扫你的房间吗？ —No. I’d like to. 不，我很乐意。 二、表示请求许可 1. could表示请求允许，其句型结构为： Could I/we +动词原形+...? 意为＂请问我（们）能做……吗? ＂ 肯定回答：Sure. / Of course. / No problem. 否定回答：I’m sorry / Sorry, you can’t. 若关系比较亲近，也可以直接说No, you can’t. 【温馨提示】在以上句子结构中情态动词could不是can的过去式，而是用来表示委婉语气的，后跟动词原形。 ☞ Could I come in? 我可以进来吗？ 2. 另外，用Could I ...？时，表示请求对方准许，对方回答时不能用could，而要用can。 ☞ —Could I use your bicycle? 我可以用你的自行车吗？ —Yes, you can. 是的，可以。学！科网 3. 对于这种请求的肯定和否定回答的常用语 肯定回答常用语：Certainly. / Of course. / With pleasure. / No problem. / Sure. / Yes, you can. 否定回答常用语：I’m afraid not. / No, I’m afraid I can’t. / No, you can’t. 三、could与can的区别 could与can都是情态动词，could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求，但是用法稍有不同： 1. can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对晚辈、上级对下级的场合。 ☞ Can you tell us your story, Tony? 你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗，托尼？ 2. could表示有礼貌地请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。 ☞ —Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia? 请告诉我们，澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？ —Sure. 当然可以。 反身代词 一、语法概述 反身代词常表示“某人自己”，在人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词后加-self（单数）/ -selves（复数）构成反身代词。 2、 八个反身代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself 我自己 yourself 你自己 himself herself itself 他自己 她自己 它自己 复数 ourselves 我们自己 yourselves 你们自己 themselves 他们自己 三、反身代词的用法 1.反身代词多用于动词或介词后作宾语，表示“某人自己” Eg. He learned to ride a bicycle by himself.他自己学会了骑自行车。 2.反身代词应与它所指代的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 Eg. In 1955, Walt Disney himself opened the first Disney Park.在1955年，沃尔特·迪士尼自己开了第一个迪士尼公园。 3.反身代词常考短语： ►by oneself 独自 ►enjoy oneself玩得开心 ►look after oneself 照顾自己 ►help oneself to随便吃,随便用 ►teach oneself 自学 一、单项选择 1．Jim ________ recite (背诵) more than 100 poems at the age of three. A．can B．should C．could 2．—Eddie, you look so tired. I’ll do the dishes after supper. —It ________ be better. Thank you, Hobo. A．must B．mustn’t C．could D．couldn’t 3．He didn’t finish his homework, so he ________ watch TV last night. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 4．—Could you play tennis when you were ten? —Yes, I ________. A．can B．should C．need D．could 5．—Could you make paper-cuts when you were five years old? —No, I ________. I learned it in primary school. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t 6．—________ you please take the dog for a walk? —OK, but I have to fold the clothes first. A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need 7．— Mum, ________ I play football this afternoon? — Sure, but you ________ finish your homework first. A．could; must B．may; could C．could; can 8．—Jim, ________ I use your computer? —Yes, of course you ________. A．could; could B．can; should C．can; must D．could; can 9．— ________ I hang out with my friends after lunch? —Yes, but you have to clean up your room first. A．Could B．Must C．Should 10．—Tom, ________ you turn down the radio, please? I’m trying to work. —No problem. A．should B．could C．must D．might 11．My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday, so he ______ your lecture. A．couldn’t have attended B．needn’t have attended C．mustn’t have attended D．shouldn’t have attended 12．—I can’t understand why our boss is late. —He ________ the early bus. A．could miss B．may have missed C．can have missed D．might miss 13．My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ______ have taken it? A．should B．must C．could D．would 14．—I don’t mind what Grace said to me. —But you ______. She was not polite at all. A．should B．would C．could 15．—Should I take the high-speed train or plane to Beijing? —The train ________be better. It is________for the environment. A．could; friendlier B．must; the friendliest C．should; most friendly D．would; more friendly 16．We ________ not make noise in places of worship in any culture, as it shows respect for others’ beliefs. A．should B．need C．must D．may 17．—I have a headache and feel cold. —You ________ take your temperature first. Maybe you have a fever. A．will B．may C．should D．can 18．Though she enjoyed her trip to the South Pole, she ________ all her savings (存款) on it. A．should spend B．should have spent C．shouldn’t spend D．shouldn’t have spent 19．—Why is Daniel so happy today? —He ______ win the writing competition. Look at the prize in his hand. A．may B．can C．must D．should 20．When we go to a restaurant, we ________ order less food to prevent waste of food. A．should B．may C．have to D．must 21．My mother told me that I ________ wash my hands before meals. A．should B．will C．shall D．can 22．If you always compare ________ with others, you may lose self-confidence. A．myself B．yourself C．himself 23．John and Kate are old enough, so I think they can look after ________. A．himself B．herself C．ourselves D．themselves 24．— Help ________ to some fruits, Tom. They are fresh from the farm. —Thank you, Mrs. Green. A．yourself B．yourselves C．himself D．themselves 25．—Who taught you to play the guitar? —No one. I learned it by ________. A．me B．my C．myself D．mine 26．The little girl cut ________ when she was cooking with her mom yesterday. A．her B．herself C．she D．hers 27．You can improve ________ by reading classics. A．himself B．herself C．yourself D．myself 28．Don’t worry about her. She can take care of ________. A．yourself B．herself C．myself D．himself 29．“Make sure you protect ________ from the sun during the hike,” Mom reminded the twins. A．you B．your C．yourself D．yourselves 30．When you face difficulties, challenge ________ and don’t run away from them. A．himself B．myself C．herself D．yourself 二、语法选择 阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 April 12th    Sunday    Cloudy Books are human’s friends, and they are the ladders of people’s progress. As the future of China, every student needs to read more and 31 books to enrich his or her life. 32 the fifth floor of Zhihui Bookstore, there was a reading salon (沙龙) this morning. And at the salon, there were many great new books which 33 to the public. The people who took part in the reading salon could choose the ones which they were interested in to know about or read. Besides, there was 34 sharing party at the salon today. The readers could share the books which they liked at the party. They introduced the books’ basic information and told others 35 about. Some of them also talked about what they learned from the books. I’m very happy that I 36 have the chance to go to the reading salon today. When I arrived at the reading salon, many workers 37 the new books on the desks. Many readers were helping decorate the place of the reading salon. I joined them as soon as I arrived there. After the reading salon began, I looked through the new 38 on the desks. There was one about Chinese history which got my most attention. After that, I shared 39 favourite book—The Dream of Red Mansion with others. Many foreign friends said they were lucky 40 more about this book from my introduction. 31．A．good B．best C．better D．well 32．A．On B．At C．In D．For 33．A．introduced B．are introduced C．were introduced D．introduce 34．A．an B．/ C．the D．a 35．A．why were the books B．what the books were C．why the books were D．what were the books 36．A．could B．couldn’t C．mustn’t D．must 37．A．are laying B．were laying C．will lay D．have laid 38．A．book B．desks C．books D．desk 39．A．mine B．my C．me D．I 40．A．to kill B．kill C．know D．to know 三、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 easy  influence  yourself  if  way  though  with  careful  connected  nothing  in  protect Animals are our good friends. They really 41 our lives a lot. They’re 42 with plants, too. For example, bees help flowers grow by carrying pollen. Guide dogs help blind people walk safely, and this makes their lives 43 than before. Animals get food in different 44 . Some eat plants, while others eat insects or small animals. But without a safe environment, many animals would have 45 to eat. So we should pay attention to 46 them—never hurt them or break their homes. We should also look after them 47 . Please give an animal a hand 48 you see it in danger. Please share the idea of protection 49 your friends, and soon more people will join you. Remember: caring about them means caring about 50 ! When you are kind to animals, you will make the world a warmer place for everyone. 一、单项选择 1．（2023·辽宁抚顺·中考真题）The lovely boy ________ ride the bike at the age of six. A．must B．could C．need D．should 2．（2023·四川达州·中考真题）—Jack, could you please help me take out the trash? —Sorry, І ________, mom. I ________ my homework now. A．couldn’t, am doing B．can’t, am doing C．can’t, do 3．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）My father is too tired. Something ________ to keep him relaxed. A．should do B．should be done C．must do 4．（2024·西藏·中考真题）You ________ eat too much food before you go to bed, or it’s bad for you. A．can B．could C．shouldn’t D．would 5．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Shh… ! This is a library. You ________ keep your voice down. A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t 6．（2023·湖北黄石·中考真题）Young Chinese people ________ keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground. A．should B．can C．may D．need 7．（2023·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Excuse me, but we ________ wait in line to get on the subway. —I’m sorry. A．might B．would C．could D．should 8．（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We ________ learn to protect ourselves. A．might B．should C．could D．would 9．（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）—I don’t care what Kate thinks. —Well, you _______. Her suggestions are of some value. A．would B．should C．might D．could 10．（2022·江苏常州·中考真题）To achieve our dream, we ________ rest on what we have done. A．may not B．should not C．need not D．could not 11．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Self-driving cars are smart enough to follow traffic rules and park ________. A．they B．their C．them D．themselves 12．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Chen Chao still sticks to teaching ________ English though he is busy working now. A．he B．his C．himself 13．（2024·西藏·中考真题）He can use Chat GPT-4 by ________ without my help. A．him B．her C．himself D．herself 14．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）Little Mary was proud of ______ because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online. A．herself B．hers C．she D．her 15．（2024·天津·中考真题）When ________ parents went away on business, I looked after ________. A．my; myself B．my; mine C．me; myself D．me; mine 16．（2024·云南·中考真题）—Maria, you should believe in ________. That’s the secret of success. —OK, I will. A．myself B．yourself C．herself D．himself 17．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Think about it and ask ________: have you really done everything right? A．you B．yourself C．me D．myself 18．（2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）Don’t ride your bike too fast, or you may hurt ________. A．myself B．yourself C．himself D．itself 19．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）— I saw your grandma using Douyin on the phone. Who taught her? — Nobody. She taught ________. A．himself B．myself C．herself D．yourself 20．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）Teachers often say that teenagers should learn to look after ________. A．ourselves B．yourselves C．themselves 二、语法选择 （2025·广东广州·中考真题）It was a warm morning when I ran to the sea. I dropped my things 21 the beach and jumped in. I was just so glad to be back. I swam to a rock. I climbed onto it and 22 my head to face the rising sun. 23 a fire in me that burned for the deep blue. It was 24 only place where I felt truly free. I jumped back and 25 went deeper, with my eyes open. Among a group of fish and 26 sea animals, I noticed a big shell. I took it and swam to the surface. I put 27 on the rock and swam back in. This time I went even deeper, 28 I wasn’t afraid. It was beautiful. And then I saw 29 moving towards me. It was a shark! I had never seen such a big one in the wild. I 30 by fear. All I’d learned about sharks rushed into my head. I knew I 31 slowly back away, but my curiosity (好奇心) got the best of me. I swam 32 to it, and when it was about five feet away, I got to know it was simply a Caribbean reef shark. They aren’t dangerous, so I decided 33 it quietly. Then it slowly swam away. Now, more than ever, I understand 34 I love the sea—it 35 full of unknown danger, yet beautiful. 21．A．in B．on C．from D．off 22．A．lift B．lifts C．lifted D．lifting 23．A．There was B．There were C．There is D．There are 24．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 25．A．quick B．quicker C．quickness D．quickly 26．A．other B．others C．another D．the others 27．A．it B．its C．itself D．it’s 28．A．or B．but C．so D．if 29．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 30．A．catch B．caught C．am caught D．was caught 31．A．would B．could C．might D．should 32．A．close B．closer C．closest D．the closest 33．A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watched 34．A．whether B．when C．what D．why 35．A．was B．is C．has been D．will be 三、选词填空 （2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）阅读短文，用方框中所给词填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。方框中有一个词为多余选项。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词） pronunciation,  themselves,  properly,  whether,  copy,  personal,  myself,  writing Nowadays, AI (人工智能) is becoming very popular among middle school students, but many people are wondering 36 students should use AI for learning. On the one hand, AI can be very helpful. When students meet a difficult math problem, AI can give them answers quickly. It works like a 37 teacher who can help you with your own problems. Also, AI helps with language learning. When you have trouble 38 an article, it can provide you with some beautiful words and sentences. And when you fail to read words correctly, it can help to improve your 39 . On the other hand, there are some concerns (忧虑). Some people worry that students might become too dependent on AI. They might not try hard to think and solve problems by 40 . Some students might just 41 the answers that AI gives without thinking. In my opinion, middle school students can use AI to help with learning, but they should use it 42 . They should not depend on it too much. If it’s used in the right way, AI can be a good helper in their learning journey. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新知 02 情态动词should&could, 反身代词（精讲精练） 情态动词should 情态动词should的用法 情态动词should意为“应当；应该”，后接动词 原形 ，没有人称和数的变化。 一、should的句式结构 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+ should +动词原形+其他 We should help the people in trouble. 否定句 主语+ shouldn’t +动词原形+其他 They shouldn’t eat too much. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+ should +主语+动词原形+其他？ Where should we meet? 一般疑问句 Should +主语+动词原形+其他？ —It’s too cold. Should I close the window? 肯定回答 Yes, 主语+ should. —Yes, you should. 否定回答 No, 主语+shouldn’t. —No, you shouldn’t. 二、should的基本用法及示例 用法 示例 表示劝告、建议 You should answer the question in English.你应该用英语回答这个问题。 表示义务、责任 Children should do their homework by themselves.孩子们应该独自做作业。 表示推断、判断 They should be at home now, I think.我认为，他们现在应该在家。 表示惊讶、赞叹、不满等 How should I know?我怎么会知道？ 情态动词could的用法 can 的过去式 礼貌地请求 提出建议 推测 could 一、提出礼貌的请求 could表示委婉地请求，其句型结构主要有： 1. Could you +动词原形+...? 2. Could you please+动词原形+...? 意为＂请你做……好吗? ＂句型2比句型1语气更加委婉。肯定回答：Yes, sure. / Sure. / Of course. / No problem. 否定回答：Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t. ☞ Li Lei, could you please help me? 李雷，请你帮我个忙好吗？ ☞ —Could you come here soon? 你尽快过来，行吗？ —Sure. 当然可以。 ☞ —Could you please close the window? 请你关上窗户好吗？ —I’m afraid not. 恐怕不行。 【注意】其否定结构为：Could you（please）not do...? 【知识拓展】 Would you mind doing sth? 也可表示请求，常用句型： Would you please + do sth? Would you + do sth? 肯定回答：Sure. / Of course. / No problem. / I’d love to. 否定回答：Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t. / I’d love to, but... ☞ —Would you mind cleaning your room? 你介意去打扫你的房间吗？ —No. I’d like to. 不，我很乐意。 二、表示请求许可 1. could表示请求允许，其句型结构为： Could I/we +动词原形+...? 意为＂请问我（们）能做……吗? ＂ 肯定回答：Sure. / Of course. / No problem. 否定回答：I’m sorry / Sorry, you can’t. 若关系比较亲近，也可以直接说No, you can’t. 【温馨提示】在以上句子结构中情态动词could不是can的过去式，而是用来表示委婉语气的，后跟动词原形。 ☞ Could I come in? 我可以进来吗？ 2. 另外，用Could I ...？时，表示请求对方准许，对方回答时不能用could，而要用can。 ☞ —Could I use your bicycle? 我可以用你的自行车吗？ —Yes, you can. 是的，可以。学！科网 3. 对于这种请求的肯定和否定回答的常用语 肯定回答常用语：Certainly. / Of course. / With pleasure. / No problem. / Sure. / Yes, you can. 否定回答常用语：I’m afraid not. / No, I’m afraid I can’t. / No, you can’t. 三、could与can的区别 could与can都是情态动词，could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求，但是用法稍有不同： 1. can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对晚辈、上级对下级的场合。 ☞ Can you tell us your story, Tony? 你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗，托尼？ 2. could表示有礼貌地请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。 ☞ —Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia? 请告诉我们，澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？ —Sure. 当然可以。 反身代词 一、语法概述 反身代词常表示“某人自己”，在人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词后加-self（单数）/ -selves（复数）构成反身代词。 2、 八个反身代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself 我自己 yourself 你自己 himself herself itself 他自己 她自己 它自己 复数 ourselves 我们自己 yourselves 你们自己 themselves 他们自己 三、反身代词的用法 1.反身代词多用于动词或介词后作宾语，表示“某人自己” Eg. He learned to ride a bicycle by himself.他自己学会了骑自行车。 2.反身代词应与它所指代的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 Eg. In 1955, Walt Disney himself opened the first Disney Park.在1955年，沃尔特·迪士尼自己开了第一个迪士尼公园。 3.反身代词常考短语： ►by oneself 独自 ►enjoy oneself玩得开心 ►look after oneself 照顾自己 ►help oneself to随便吃,随便用 ►teach oneself 自学 一、单项选择 1．Jim ________ recite (背诵) more than 100 poems at the age of three. A．can B．should C．could 【答案】C 【详解】句意：吉姆在三岁时能背诵100多首诗。 考查情态动词辨析。can能，表示现在能力；should应该，表示义务或建议；could能，表示过去能力。根据“at the age of three”可知描述过去的能力，故应用过去式情态动词could。故选C。 2．—Eddie, you look so tired. I’ll do the dishes after supper. —It ________ be better. Thank you, Hobo. A．must B．mustn’t C．could D．couldn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——埃迪，你看起来很累。晚饭后我来洗碗。——这再好不过了。谢谢你，霍波。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须；mustn’t禁止；could能；couldn’t不能。根据“Thank you, Hobo.”可知，此处表示对提议的认可，couldn’t be better意为“再好不过了”，符合语境。故选D。 3．He didn’t finish his homework, so he ________ watch TV last night. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他没有完成作业，所以他昨晚不能看电视。 考查情态动词。can’t不能；couldn’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“He didn’t finish his homework, so he...watch TV last night.”可知他没有完成作业，所以他昨晚不能看电视，句子用一般过去时，此处用couldn’t。故选B。 4．—Could you play tennis when you were ten? —Yes, I ________. A．can B．should C．need D．could 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你十岁的时候会打网球吗？——是的，我会。 考查情态动词。can能，会；should应该；need需要；could能，会。根据“Could you play tennis when you were ten?”可知问句中“Could”在句中是过去式，答句也用一般过去时，情态动词也用could。故选D。 5．—Could you make paper-cuts when you were five years old? —No, I ________. I learned it in primary school. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你五岁时会剪纸吗？——不，我不会。我是在小学学的。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能（一般现在时）；couldn’t不能（一般过去时）；shouldn’t不应该。根据“when you were five years old”可知，是询问过去的能力，需用couldn’t。故选B。 6．—________ you please take the dog for a walk? —OK, but I have to fold the clothes first. A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——请你带狗去散步好吗？——好的，但我得先叠衣服。考查情态动词的用法。Must必须；Should应该；Could能，可以（表示礼貌请求）；Need需要。根据答句“OK, but…”可知，此处是在提出一个礼貌的请求，表示“请你……好吗？”常用“Could you please…?”句型。故选C。 7．— Mum, ________ I play football this afternoon? — Sure, but you ________ finish your homework first. A．could; must B．may; could C．could; can 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我今天下午可以踢足球吗？——当然，但你必须先完成你的作业。 考查情态动词辨析。could可以；must必须；may可以；can能够。第一空表示请求允许，用could或may；第二空表示义务或必要性，必须完成作业，用must。故选A。 8．—Jim, ________ I use your computer? —Yes, of course you ________. A．could; could B．can; should C．can; must D．could; can 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——吉姆，我可以用一下你的电脑吗？——当然可以。 考查情态动词。could（can的过去式）可以，表示更委婉的请求；can可以，表示允许或能力；should应该；must必须。问句表示委婉请求，用could更礼貌；答句表示肯定允许，用can回答。故选D。 9．— ________ I hang out with my friends after lunch? —Yes, but you have to clean up your room first. A．Could B．Must C．Should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——午饭后我可以和朋友们出去玩吗？——可以，但你必须先打扫你的房间。 考查情态动词。Could可以（表示请求许可）；Must必须；Should应该。根据“I hang out with my friends after lunch?”以及“Yes, but you have to clean up your room first.”可知，此处是请求许可，且答语表示允许，用Could表示委婉请求符合语境。故选A。 10．—Tom, ________ you turn down the radio, please? I’m trying to work. —No problem. A．should B．could C．must D．might 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆，请你把收音机关小一点好吗？我正想工作呢。——没问题。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该，表示建议或义务；could可以，表示委婉请求；must必须，表示强制命令；might可能，表示可能性。根据“please”可知，这是一个礼貌的请求，应用表示委婉请求的could。Could you…？是常见的礼貌请求句式。故选B。 11．My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday, so he ______ your lecture. A．couldn’t have attended B．needn’t have attended C．mustn’t have attended D．shouldn’t have attended 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妹妹昨天在大剧院见到他了，所以他不可能参加了你的讲座。 考查情态动词对过去动作的推测。couldn’t have attended不可能参加；needn’t have attended本不必参加；mustn’t have attended错误表达，must表推测一般用于肯定；shouldn’t have attended本不该参加。根据上半句的“My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday”可知，他不可能听讲座。故选A。 12．—I can’t understand why our boss is late. —He ________ the early bus. A．could miss B．may have missed C．can have missed D．might miss 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我不明白老板为什么迟到。——他可能错过了早班车。 考查情态动词。could miss现在可能错过；may have missed过去可能错过，用于肯定句；can have missed过去可能错过，用于否定句或一般疑问句；might miss现在可能错过。根据“I can’t understand why our boss is late.”可知，我们的老板现在迟到了，猜测过去可能错过了早班车，此处是肯定句，用may have missed。故选B。 13．My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ______ have taken it? A．should B．must C．could D．would 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的英汉词典不见了。谁会拿走它呢？ 考查动词辨析。should应该；must一定；could可能；would将。根据“Who…have taken it?”可知，此处询问谁会拿走字典，应用could，表示推测。故选C。 14．—I don’t mind what Grace said to me. —But you ______. She was not polite at all. A．should B．would C．could 【答案】A 【详解】句意：—— 我不介意格蕾丝对我说的话。 —— 但你应该介意。她一点都不礼貌。 考查情态动词词义辨析。should应该；would将，会（常用于过去将来时等 ）；could能，可以（can 的过去式）。根据“She was not polite at all.”，可知她一点都不礼貌，从常理来说“应该”介意，“should”符合语境，故选A。 15．—Should I take the high-speed train or plane to Beijing? —The train ________be better. It is________for the environment. A．could; friendlier B．must; the friendliest C．should; most friendly D．would; more friendly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我应该乘坐高速列车还是飞机前往北京？——火车可能更好。它对环境更友好。 考查could表示猜测和形容词比较级。could可能；friendlier更友好 (形容词比较级)；must一定；the friendliest最友好 (形容词最高级)；should应该；most friendly最友好 (形容词最高级)；would将会；more friendly更友好 (形容词比较级)。根据“The train...be better.”可知，此句表示猜测，火车可能更好，用could；根据上文“take the high-speed train or plane”和“It is...for the environment.”可知，和飞机相比，火车对环境更友好，用比较级。故选A。 16．We ________ not make noise in places of worship in any culture, as it shows respect for others’ beliefs. A．should B．need C．must D．may 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在任何文化中，我们都不应在宗教场所制造噪音，因为这是对他人信仰的尊重。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该，表示建议或义务；need需要；must必须，强调强制或必要性；may可以，表示允许。根据“in any culture”（在任何文化中）和“shows respect for others’ beliefs”（表示对他人信仰的尊重）可知，这是一种普遍的行为规范或建议，而非强制规定，且“should not”表示“不应该”，符合“表示尊重”的委婉建议语气。故选A。 17．—I have a headache and feel cold. —You ________ take your temperature first. Maybe you have a fever. A．will B．may C．should D．can 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我头痛而且感觉冷。——你应该先量一下体温，可能你发烧了。 考查情态动词辨析。will将要；may可能；should应该；can能够。根据“I have a headache and feel cold.”及语境可知，对方头痛发冷，说话者给出建议，表示“应该”先量体温，should应该，符合情境。故选C。 18．Though she enjoyed her trip to the South Pole, she ________ all her savings (存款) on it. A．should spend B．should have spent C．shouldn’t spend D．shouldn’t have spent 【答案】D 【详解】句意：虽然她很喜欢南极之旅，但她本不该把全部积蓄都花在这上面。 考查should的用法。should spend应该花费；should have spent本应该花费（但实际没花）；shouldn’t spend不应该花费；shouldn’t have spent本不应该花费（但实际花了）。根据题干可知，她本不应该花掉所有的积蓄，但实际上却花掉了。“shouldn’t have+过去分词”用于表示过去不该做但做了的事，因此shouldn’t have spent符合语境。故选D。 19．—Why is Daniel so happy today? —He ______ win the writing competition. Look at the prize in his hand. A．may B．can C．must D．should 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——为什么丹尼尔今天这么开心？——他一定是在写作比赛中获胜了。看他手中的奖品。 考查情态动词。may也许； can可能；must一定；should应该。根据“He...win the writing competition. Look at the prize in his hand.”可知，他手中拿着奖品，应该“一定”是在写作比赛中获胜了。故选C。 20．When we go to a restaurant, we ________ order less food to prevent waste of food. A．should B．may C．have to D．must 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我们去餐馆时，我们应该少点一些食物以防止浪费。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该；may可以；have to不得不；must必须。根据语境“to prevent waste of food”可知，强调“为了减少食物浪费”，这是一种建议或责任，因此用“应该”最符合逻辑。故选A。 21．My mother told me that I ________ wash my hands before meals. A．should B．will C．shall D．can 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妈妈告诉我，我应该在饭前洗手。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该；will将要；shall将，用于第一人称；can能。根据主句“My mother told me”可知，这是转述妈妈的建议或要求，表示“应该”做某事，应用should。故选A。 22．If you always compare ________ with others, you may lose self-confidence. A．myself B．yourself C．himself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你总是把自己和别人比较，你可能会失去自信。考查反身代词辨析。myself我自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己。句子的主语是you，反身代词应与之对应，用yourself。故选B。 23．John and Kate are old enough, so I think they can look after ________. A．himself B．herself C．ourselves D．themselves 【答案】D 【详解】句意：约翰和凯特年龄足够大了，所以我认为他们能照顾他们自己。考查反身代词辨析。himself他自己；herself她自己；ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己。根据主语“John and Kate”是复数，且指代两人，应使用复数反身代词themselves。故选D。 24．— Help ________ to some fruits, Tom. They are fresh from the farm. —Thank you, Mrs. Green. A．yourself B．yourselves C．himself D．themselves 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——汤姆，请随便吃些水果。它们是刚从农场摘下来的。——谢谢，格林夫人。 考查反身代词辨析。yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；himself他自己；themselves他们自己。根据对话中“Tom”可知，说话对象是单个人，且“Help yourself to…”是固定用语，表示“请自用……”，用于对单个人说。故选A。 25．—Who taught you to play the guitar? —No one. I learned it by ________. A．me B．my C．myself D．mine 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁教你弹吉他的？——没有人。我是自学的。 考查反身代词的用法。me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据固定短语“by oneself”表示“独自地”或“靠自己”，此处需用反身代词myself与主语“I”对应。故选C。 26．The little girl cut ________ when she was cooking with her mom yesterday. A．her B．herself C．she D．hers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天这个小女孩和妈妈一起做饭时，割伤了自己。 考查反身代词。her 她（宾格）；herself 她自己（反身代词）；she 她（主格）；hers 她的（名词性物主代词）。根据句意，主语“the little girl”与割伤的对象是同一人，需用反身代词表示“她自己”。故选B。 27．You can improve ________ by reading classics. A．himself B．herself C．yourself D．myself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你可以通过阅读经典作品来提高自己。考查反身代词。himself他自己；herself她自己；yourself你自己；myself我自己。句子主语是“You”，因此反身代词应与主语保持一致，表示“你自己”。故选C。 28．Don’t worry about her. She can take care of ________. A．yourself B．herself C．myself D．himself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：别担心她，她能照顾好自己。 考查反身代词辨析。yourself你自己；herself她自己；myself我自己；himself他自己。根据前句“Don’t worry about her”可知主语是“她”，因此“照顾”的对象应与主语“她”一致，使用反身代词herself。故选B。 29．“Make sure you protect ________ from the sun during the hike,” Mom reminded the twins. A．you B．your C．yourself D．yourselves 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“徒步时一定要保护好你们自己免受太阳晒伤，”妈妈提醒双胞胎。 考查反身代词。you你/你们；your你的/你们的；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己。根据主语“the twins”译为“双胞胎”，可知是复数，且“protect... from...”中需用反身代词表示“保护自己”，因此用复数形式的“yourselves”。故选D。 30．When you face difficulties, challenge ________ and don’t run away from them. A．himself B．myself C．herself D．yourself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当你面对困难时，挑战你自己，不要逃避它们。 考查反身代词辨析。himself他自己；myself我自己；herself她自己；yourself你自己。根据“When you face difficulties...”可知，此处是直接对“你”说的话，所以应该是挑战“你自己”，用yourself。故选D。 二、语法选择 阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 April 12th    Sunday    Cloudy Books are human’s friends, and they are the ladders of people’s progress. As the future of China, every student needs to read more and 31 books to enrich his or her life. 32 the fifth floor of Zhihui Bookstore, there was a reading salon (沙龙) this morning. And at the salon, there were many great new books which 33 to the public. The people who took part in the reading salon could choose the ones which they were interested in to know about or read. Besides, there was 34 sharing party at the salon today. The readers could share the books which they liked at the party. They introduced the books’ basic information and told others 35 about. Some of them also talked about what they learned from the books. I’m very happy that I 36 have the chance to go to the reading salon today. When I arrived at the reading salon, many workers 37 the new books on the desks. Many readers were helping decorate the place of the reading salon. I joined them as soon as I arrived there. After the reading salon began, I looked through the new 38 on the desks. There was one about Chinese history which got my most attention. After that, I shared 39 favourite book—The Dream of Red Mansion with others. Many foreign friends said they were lucky 40 more about this book from my introduction. 31．A．good B．best C．better D．well 32．A．On B．At C．In D．For 33．A．introduced B．are introduced C．were introduced D．introduce 34．A．an B．/ C．the D．a 35．A．why were the books B．what the books were C．why the books were D．what were the books 36．A．could B．couldn’t C．mustn’t D．must 37．A．are laying B．were laying C．will lay D．have laid 38．A．book B．desks C．books D．desk 39．A．mine B．my C．me D．I 40．A．to kill B．kill C．know D．to know 【答案】 31．C 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．B 36．A 37．B 38．C 39．B 40．D 【导语】本文是一篇日记，记录了作者参加读书沙龙的经历，包括新书展示、书籍分享等活动，体现了读书对丰富生活的意义。 31．句意：作为中国的未来，每个学生都需要读更多更好的书来丰富自己的生活。 good好的，形容词原级；best最好的，形容词最高级；better更好的，形容词比较级；well好地，副词。根据前文“more and”可知，and连接并列结构，后边也需要接比较级形式，故选C。 32．句意：今天早上，在智慧书店的五楼有一场读书沙龙。 On在（某楼层）；At在（小地点）；In在（大地点）；For为了。根据“the fifth floor of Zhihui Bookstore”可知，用介词“On”，表示“在某一层楼”，故选A。 33．句意：沙龙上有许多向公众介绍的很棒的新书。 introduced介绍，过去式；are introduced被介绍，一般现在时被动语态；were introduced被介绍，一般过去时被动语态；introduce介绍，动词原形。“books”与“介绍”是被动关系，且文章是过去时态，需用一般过去时的被动语态“were introduced”，故选C。 34．句意：此外，今天沙龙上还有一场分享会。 an不定冠词，接元音音素开头的单词；/零冠词；the定冠词；a不定冠词，接辅音音素开头的单词。“sharing party”是可数名词单数，且“sharing”以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词“a”，故选D。 35．句意：他们介绍了书籍的基本信息，并告诉其他人这些书是关于什么的。 why were the books为什么这些书是，疑问句语序；what the books were这些书是什么，陈述句语序；why the books were为什么这些书是，陈述句语序；what were the books这些书是什么，疑问句语序。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，且表达“书关于什么内容”，所以疑问词要用what。“what the books were”符合语法与语义，故选B。 36．句意：我很开心今天能有机会去这个读书沙龙。 could能够；couldn’t不能；mustn’t禁止；must必须。结合“I’m very happy”的语境，可知是“能够”参加活动，故选A。 37．句意：当我到达读书沙龙时，许多工作人员正在桌上摆放新书。 are laying正在摆放，现在进行时；were laying正在摆放，过去进行时；will lay将要摆放，一般将来时；have laid已经摆放，现在完成时。“when”引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句描述当时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时“were laying”，故选B。 38．句意：读书沙龙开始后，我浏览了桌上的新书。 book书，单数；desks书桌，复数；books书，复数；desk书桌，单数。前文多次提及“new books”，此处用复数“books”呼应，故选C。 39．句意：之后，我和其他人分享了我最喜欢的书 ——《红楼梦》。 mine我的，名词性物主代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词；me我，宾格；I我，主格。此处修饰名词“favourite book”，需用形容词性物主代词“my”，故选B。 40．句意：许多外国朋友说，通过我的介绍更多地了解这本书，他们很幸运。 to kill杀死（不定式）；kill杀死；know了解；to know了解（不定式）。“be lucky to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“幸运做某事”，此处表示“了解”，需用不定式“to know”，故选D。 三、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 easy  influence  yourself  if  way  though  with  careful  connected  nothing  in  protect Animals are our good friends. They really 41 our lives a lot. They’re 42 with plants, too. For example, bees help flowers grow by carrying pollen. Guide dogs help blind people walk safely, and this makes their lives 43 than before. Animals get food in different 44 . Some eat plants, while others eat insects or small animals. But without a safe environment, many animals would have 45 to eat. So we should pay attention to 46 them—never hurt them or break their homes. We should also look after them 47 . Please give an animal a hand 48 you see it in danger. Please share the idea of protection 49 your friends, and soon more people will join you. Remember: caring about them means caring about 50 ! When you are kind to animals, you will make the world a warmer place for everyone. 【答案】 41．influence 42．connected 43．easier 44．ways 45．nothing 46．protecting 47．carefully 48．if 49．with 50．yourself 【导语】本文主要讲述了动物是人类的好朋友，与人类的生活、植物生长等密切相关，并强调了保护动物的重要性，呼吁人们善待动物、分享保护理念。 41．句意：它们确实很大程度上影响了我们的生活。根据“Animals are our good friends. They really ... our lives a lot.”可知，动物是我们的好朋友，它们确实影响了我们的生活。陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为复数，因此用influence“影响”。故填influence。 42．句意：它们也与植物有联系。根据“For example, bees help flowers grow by carrying pollen.”可知，动物与植物也有联系。be connected with为固定短语，意为“与……有联系”。因此用connected“有联系的”。故填connected。 43．句意：导盲犬帮助盲人安全行走，这使得他们的生活比以前更容易。根据“Guide dogs help blind people walk safely, and this makes their lives ... than before.”可知，导盲犬帮助盲人安全行走，这使得他们的生活比以前更容易。因此用easier“更容易的”。故填easier。 44．句意：动物以不同的方式获取食物。根据“Some eat plants, while others eat insects or small animals. ”可知，动物以不同的方式获取食物。因此用ways“方法”，复数形式表泛指。故填ways。 45．句意：但是没有安全的环境，许多动物会没有东西可吃。根据“But without a safe environment, many animals would have ... to eat.”可知，如果没有安全的环境，许多动物会没有东西可吃。因此用nothing“没有什么”。故填nothing。 46．句意：所以我们应该注意保护它们——永远不要伤害它们或破坏它们的家园。根据“never hurt them or break their homes.”可知，我们应该注意保护动物。因此用protect“保护”， pay attention to中的to为介词，后接动名词。故填protecting。 47．句意：我们也应该细心地照顾它们。根据“We should also look after them...”可知，空处缺少副词。因此用carefully“细心地”。故填carefully。 48．句意：如果你看到动物处于危险中，请向它伸出援手。根据“Please give an animal a hand ... you see it in danger.”可知，空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。因此用if“如果”。故填if。 49．句意：请和你的朋友们分享保护的理念，很快会有更多的人加入你。根据“Please share the idea of protection ... your friends”可知，此处应用固定搭配share sth. with sb.，意为“和某人分享某物”。因此用with“与……”。故填with。 50．句意：要记住：关心它们意味着关心你自己！根据“ Please share the idea of protection ... your friends, and soon more people will join you.”可知，关心动物意味着关心你自己。因此用yourself“你自己”。故填yourself。 一、单项选择 1．（2023·辽宁抚顺·中考真题）The lovely boy ________ ride the bike at the age of six. A．must B．could C．need D．should 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那个可爱的男孩在6岁时就会骑自行车了。考查动词辨析。must必须；could可以；need需要；should应该。根据“at the age of six”可知该句应用情态动词could表示“过去的能力”。故选B。 2．（2023·四川达州·中考真题）—Jack, could you please help me take out the trash? —Sorry, І ________, mom. I ________ my homework now. A．couldn’t, am doing B．can’t, am doing C．can’t, do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——杰克，你能帮我倒垃圾吗？——对不起，我不能，妈妈。我现在正在做作业。 考查情态动词及动词时态。对“could you please…”的肯定回答是Yes, I can，否定回答是Sorry, I can’t。根据“now”可知，“我”现在正在做作业，应为现在进行时。故选B。 3．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）My father is too tired. Something ________ to keep him relaxed. A．should do B．should be done C．must do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我爸爸太累了。应该做点什么让他放松。考查含有情态动词的被动语态。should应该；must必须。此处something和do之间是被动关系，故此处用含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be done。故选B。 4．（2024·西藏·中考真题）You ________ eat too much food before you go to bed, or it’s bad for you. A．can B．could C．shouldn’t D．would 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你不应该在睡觉前吃太多的食物，否则对你的身体不好。 考查情态动词辨析。can 可以；could可以；shouldn’t不应该；would将会。根据“or it’s bad for you”可知，此处建议睡觉前不要吃太多的食物，故选C。 5．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Shh… ! This is a library. You ________ keep your voice down. A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：嘘……！这里是图书馆。你应该小点声。 考查情态动词辨析和should表示建议。can能；can’t不能；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“This is a library. You...keep your voice down.”可知，此处是建议小点声，故选C。 6．（2023·湖北黄石·中考真题）Young Chinese people ________ keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground. A．should B．can C．may D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国青年要胸怀祖国，志存高远，脚踏实地。 考查情态动词。should应该；can能够；may可以；need需要。根据“Young Chinese people ....keep the motherland at heart...”可知，此处是建议中国青年应该做什么，故选A。 7．（2023·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Excuse me, but we ________ wait in line to get on the subway. —I’m sorry. A．might B．would C．could D．should 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——对不起，我们应该排队上地铁。——我很抱歉。 考查情态动词辨析。might可以；would将；could可以；should应该。根据“but we …wait in line to get on the subway”可知，应该排队上地铁，故选D。 8．（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We ________ learn to protect ourselves. A．might B．should C．could D．would 【答案】B 【详解】句意：地震可能非常危险。我们应该学会保护自己。 考查情态动词。might可能；should应该；could能；would将。根据“We...learn to protect ourselves.”可知此处是表示建议，我们应该学会保护自己，故选B。 9．（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）—I don’t care what Kate thinks. —Well, you _______. Her suggestions are of some value. A．would B．should C．might D．could 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我不管凯特怎么想。——嗯，你应该（听听凯特的建议）。她的建议有些价值。 考查情态动词。would将要；should应该；might可能；could能够。根据“Her suggestions are of some value.”可知此处是指建议对方应该听听凯特的建议，should符合语境，故选B。 10．（2022·江苏常州·中考真题）To achieve our dream, we ________ rest on what we have done. A．may not B．should not C．need not D．could not 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了实现我们的梦想，我们不应该依靠我们已经做了的。 考查动词辨析。may not也许不；should not不应该；need not不需要；could not不能。根据“To achieve our dream, we...rest on what we have done.”可知，此处表示建议，不应该依靠我们已经做了的，故选B。 11．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Self-driving cars are smart enough to follow traffic rules and park ________. A．they B．their C．them D．themselves 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自动驾驶汽车足够聪明，可以遵守交通规则并自行停车。 考查代词辨析。they它们；their它们的；them它们；themselves它们自己。此处指“自动驾驶汽车可以自己停车”，应用反身代词themselves。故选D。 12．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Chen Chao still sticks to teaching ________ English though he is busy working now. A．he B．his C．himself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管陈超现在工作很忙，但他仍然坚持自学英语。考查代词辨析。he他；his他的；himself他自己。此处主语和宾语是同一人，用反身代词，teach oneself“自学”。故选C。 13．（2024·西藏·中考真题）He can use Chat GPT-4 by ________ without my help. A．him B．her C．himself D．herself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他可以在没有我帮助的情况下使用Chat GPT-4。考查代词辨析。him他；her她；himself他自己；herself她自己。by oneself“独自”，主语是He，反身代词用himself。故选C。 14．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）Little Mary was proud of ______ because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online. A．herself B．hers C．she D．her 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小玛丽为自己感到骄傲，因为她教李叔叔如何在网上借书。 考查代词辨析。herself她自己；hers她的；she她；her她/她的。根据“Little Mary was proud of …because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online.”可知，此处指为她自己感到骄傲，故选A。 15．（2024·天津·中考真题）When ________ parents went away on business, I looked after ________. A．my; myself B．my; mine C．me; myself D．me; mine 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我父母出差时，我自己照顾自己。 考查代词辨析。my我的，形容词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；me我，宾格。第一处作定语修饰parents，用形容词性物主代词；第二处主语和宾语是同一人，所以是“照顾自己”，用反身代词。故选A。 16．（2024·云南·中考真题）—Maria, you should believe in ________. That’s the secret of success. —OK, I will. A．myself B．yourself C．herself D．himself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——玛丽亚，你应该相信自己。这就是成功的秘诀。——好的，我会的。 考查反身代词。myself我自己；yourself你自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。此处是对玛丽亚说，你应该相信你自己，故用反身代词yourself。故选B。 17．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Think about it and ask ________: have you really done everything right? A．you B．yourself C．me D．myself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：想一想，然后问自己：你真的把每件事都做对了吗？ 考查反身代词。you你；yourself你自己；me我；myself我自己。根据“Think about it and ask”可知是指问自己，应用反身代词，结合“have you”可知应用yourself，故选B。 18．（2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）Don’t ride your bike too fast, or you may hurt ________. A．myself B．yourself C．himself D．itself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要骑自行车太快，否则你会受伤的。考查反身代词。myself我自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己；itself它自己。根据“you may hurt”可知主语是you，用反身代词yourself。故选B。 19．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）— I saw your grandma using Douyin on the phone. Who taught her? — Nobody. She taught ________. A．himself B．myself C．herself D．yourself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我看到你奶奶用抖音打电话。谁教她的？——没有人。她自学的。 考查反身代词。himself他自己；myself我自己；herself她自己；yourself你自己。根据She可知，反身代词应该与主语在人称上保持一致，所以此空应填herself，故选C。 20．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）Teachers often say that teenagers should learn to look after ________. A．ourselves B．yourselves C．themselves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：老师经常说，青少年应该学会照顾自己。 考查代词辨析。ourselves我们自己；yourselves你自己，你们自己；themselves他们自己。根据“teenagers”可知青少年应该照顾他们自己，应用反身代词themselves表示“他们自己”。故选C。 二、语法选择 （2025·广东广州·中考真题）It was a warm morning when I ran to the sea. I dropped my things 21 the beach and jumped in. I was just so glad to be back. I swam to a rock. I climbed onto it and 22 my head to face the rising sun. 23 a fire in me that burned for the deep blue. It was 24 only place where I felt truly free. I jumped back and 25 went deeper, with my eyes open. Among a group of fish and 26 sea animals, I noticed a big shell. I took it and swam to the surface. I put 27 on the rock and swam back in. This time I went even deeper, 28 I wasn’t afraid. It was beautiful. And then I saw 29 moving towards me. It was a shark! I had never seen such a big one in the wild. I 30 by fear. All I’d learned about sharks rushed into my head. I knew I 31 slowly back away, but my curiosity (好奇心) got the best of me. I swam 32 to it, and when it was about five feet away, I got to know it was simply a Caribbean reef shark. They aren’t dangerous, so I decided 33 it quietly. Then it slowly swam away. Now, more than ever, I understand 34 I love the sea—it 35 full of unknown danger, yet beautiful. 21．A．in B．on C．from D．off 22．A．lift B．lifts C．lifted D．lifting 23．A．There was B．There were C．There is D．There are 24．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 25．A．quick B．quicker C．quickness D．quickly 26．A．other B．others C．another D．the others 27．A．it B．its C．itself D．it’s 28．A．or B．but C．so D．if 29．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 30．A．catch B．caught C．am caught D．was caught 31．A．would B．could C．might D．should 32．A．close B．closer C．closest D．the closest 33．A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watched 34．A．whether B．when C．what D．why 35．A．was B．is C．has been D．will be 【答案】 21．B 22．C 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．A 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．D 31．D 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者在温暖的早晨奔向大海，在海中畅游、探索，遭遇鲨鱼后克服恐惧，最终更深刻地理解自己热爱大海的原因的故事。 21．句意：我把东西扔在海滩上，然后跳了进去。 in在里面；on在上面；from来自；off离开。根据“I dropped my things...the beach”可知，此处表示把东西扔在海滩上，on the beach“在海滩上”。故选B。 22．句意：我爬到上面，抬起头面对升起的太阳。 lift举起，动词原形；lifts第三人称单数形式；lifted过去式；lifting现在分词。根据“I climbed onto it and...my head to face the rising sun.”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，and连接并列的谓语动词，所以空处用lift的过去式lifted。故选C。 23．句意：我心中有一团为深蓝色而燃烧的火焰。 There was有，一般过去时，后接单数名词或不可数名词；There were有，一般过去时，后接复数名词；There is有，一般现在时，后接单数名词或不可数名词；There are有，一般现在时，后接复数名词。根据“a fire in me”可知，此处用there be句型的一般过去时，且fire为单数名词，所以空处用There was。故选A。 24．句意：这是唯一一个让我感到真正自由的地方。 a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，表特指；/不填。根据“only place”可知，此处表示特指，用定冠词the。故选C。 25．句意：我跳回去，迅速游向更深的地方，眼睛睁着。 quick快的，形容词；quicker更快的，形容词比较级；quickness迅速，名词；quickly迅速地，副词。根据“went deeper”可知，此处用副词修饰动词，所以空处用quickly。故选D。 26．句意：在一群鱼和其他海洋动物中，我注意到一个大贝壳。 other其他的，后接复数名词；others其他的，相当于“other+复数名词”；another另一个，表泛指，后接单数名词；the others其余的，表示在一个范围内的其他全部。根据“sea animals”可知，此处表示其他的海洋动物，用other修饰名词复数。故选A。 27．句意：我把它放在岩石上，然后游回水里。 it它，人称代词主格或宾格；its它的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；itself它自己，反身代词；it’s它是，it is的缩写。根据“I took it and swam to the surface.”以及“I put...on the rock”可知，此处指把贝壳放在岩石上，用it指代上文的shell，作put的宾语。故选A。 28．句意：这次我游得更深了，但我不害怕。 or或者；but但是；so所以；if如果。根据“This time I went even deeper...I wasn’t afraid.”可知，前后句为转折关系，用but连接。故选B。 29．句意：然后我看到有东西朝我游来。 something某物，用于肯定句；anything任何东西，用于否定句或疑问句；everything一切；nothing没有什么。根据“moving towards me”可知，此处表示看到有东西朝我游来，句子为肯定句，用something。故选A。 30．句意：我被恐惧笼罩。 catch抓住，动词原形；caught抓住，过去式；am caught被抓住，一般现在时的被动语态；was caught被抓住，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“I...by fear.”可知，此处表示被恐惧笼罩，用被动语态，且描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 31．句意：我知道我应该慢慢地游回去，但我的好奇心战胜了我。 would将会；could能够；might可能；should应该。根据“All I’d learned about sharks rushed into my head.”以及“slowly back away”可知，此处表示知道应该慢慢地游回去。故选D。 32．句意：我游得更近了，当它离我大约五英尺远时，我知道它只是一只加勒比礁鲨。 close近，形容词；closer更近，形容词比较级；closest最近，形容词最高级；the closest最近，形容词最高级前加the。根据“to it”可知，此处用close的比较级closer修饰动词swam，表示游得更近了。故选B。 33．句意：它们并不危险，所以我决定静静地观察它。 watch观看，动词原形；watching现在分词；to watch动词不定式；watched过去式。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，所以空处用动词不定式to watch。故选C。 34．句意：现在，我比以往任何时候都更明白我为什么爱大海。 whether是否；when什么时候；what什么；why为什么。根据“I understand...I love the sea”以及“it...full of unknown danger, yet beautiful.”可知，此处表示明白为什么爱大海。故选D。 35．句意：它充满了未知的危险，但却很美丽。 was是，一般过去时；is是，一般现在时；has been已经是，现在完成时；will be将是，一般将来时。根据“Now, more than ever”以及“it...full of unknown danger, yet beautiful.”可知，此处描述现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语为it，be动词用is。故选B。 三、选词填空 （2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）阅读短文，用方框中所给词填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。方框中有一个词为多余选项。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词） pronunciation,  themselves,  properly,  whether,  copy,  personal,  myself,  writing Nowadays, AI (人工智能) is becoming very popular among middle school students, but many people are wondering 36 students should use AI for learning. On the one hand, AI can be very helpful. When students meet a difficult math problem, AI can give them answers quickly. It works like a 37 teacher who can help you with your own problems. Also, AI helps with language learning. When you have trouble 38 an article, it can provide you with some beautiful words and sentences. And when you fail to read words correctly, it can help to improve your 39 . On the other hand, there are some concerns (忧虑). Some people worry that students might become too dependent on AI. They might not try hard to think and solve problems by 40 . Some students might just 41 the answers that AI gives without thinking. In my opinion, middle school students can use AI to help with learning, but they should use it 42 . They should not depend on it too much. If it’s used in the right way, AI can be a good helper in their learning journey. 【答案】36．whether 37．personal 38．writing 39．pronunciation 40．themselves 41．copy 42．properly 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了中学生是否应该使用人工智能（AI）进行学习，分析了AI在学习中的帮助和可能带来的问题，并给出了作者的观点。 36．句意：如今，人工智能（AI）在中学生中变得非常流行，但许多人都想知道学生是否应该使用AI进行学习。根据“many people are wondering ... students should use AI for learning.”可知，此处是询问学生是否应该使用AI进行学习，whether“是否”符合语境，引导宾语从句。故填whether。 37．句意：它就像一位私人教师，可以帮助你解决自己的问题。根据“teacher who can help you with your own problems”和备选词可知，此处是指一位可以帮你解决问题的私人教师，personal“私人的”符合语境，修饰名词teacher。故填personal。 38．句意：当你写文章有困难时，它可以为你提供一些优美的单词和句子。根据“When you have trouble...an article”和备选词可知，此处是指写文章有困难，have trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”， 介词后应用writing“写”。故填writing。 39．句意：当你不能正确读单词时，它可以帮助你提高发音。根据“when you fail to read words correctly”和备选词可知，此处是指不能正确读单词，即发音有问题，pronunciation“发音”在句中作宾语。故填pronunciation。 40．句意：他们可能不会努力自己思考和解决问题。根据“They might not try hard to think and solve problems by ...”和备选词可知，此处是指他们可能不会努力自己思考和解决问题，by oneself“独自”，themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。 41．句意：有些学生可能只是复制AI给出的答案而不思考。根据“Some students might just ... the answers that AI gives without thinking.”和备选词可知，此处是指有些学生可能只是复制AI给出的答案，copy“复制”符合语境，情态动词might后接动词原形。故填copy。 42．句意：在我看来，中学生可以使用AI来帮助学习，但他们应该正确地使用它。根据“They should not depend on it too much.”和备选词可知，此处是指他们应该正确地使用AI，不要过度依赖，properly“正确地”，副词，修饰动词use。故填properly。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $