内容正文:
巩固04 Unit 5-Unit8 单元知识梳理
Unit 5
知识点1:add
[教材原句]Add pepper to the soup. 往汤里加胡椒。
add作动词,意为“加,增加”,常用以下结构:
(1)add… to… 意为“把……加到……”,例如:
Don’t add fuel to the flames. 别再火上浇油了。
(2)add to表示“增加;增添”,其中to是介词,后接名词或代词。例如:
Each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty.
参加晚会的姑娘人人头上都戴有一朵花,使得她们显得愈加漂亮。
(3)add up 意为“把……加起来”。例如:
Add up all the numbers and you will see how much you owe me.
把所有的数字加起来看看你欠我多少。
(4)add up to 意为“总计;加起来结果是”。例如:
All the numbers add up to exactly 900. 所有数加起来一共900.
知识点2:mix
1.Mix the vegetables. 把蔬菜混合。
mix v.使混合,融合,调配n.混合,混杂,混合料
【详解】
1.mixturen.混合物,结合体
2.mix…and/with…使……和……混合
3.mix up混合,混淆
知识点3:pour v.倒出,倾倒
2.Pour the milk into the flour. 把牛奶倒入面粉中。
【详解】
1.pour·…into·…将……倒入……
2.pour.out(of....)将·…从……里倒出
3.pour sb sth = pour sth for sb给某人倒某物
【拓展】flourn.面粉 white flour白面粉rice flour米粉
知识点4:cut
3.Cut up the tomatoes. 西红柿切碎。
cut up切碎,剁碎(相当于cut...into pieces)
注意:cut up是"动词+副词"结构,人称代词作宾语时要放在cut和up之间;名词作宾语时,可放在cut和up之间,也可放在up之后。
cut it(them) up 把它(它们)切碎 cut up the apple 把那个苹果切碎
【拓展】
cut意为“切;割”,其过去式和过去分词均为cut,现在分词为cutting。
常见搭配:
cut grass 割草 cut one’s finger割伤某人的手指 cut hair 剪发 cut a cake切蛋糕
相关短语:
辨析:cut off / cut down / cut in / cut out
词汇
例句
cut off 切断,剪断
They have cut off the water/electricity/gas supply.
cut down 砍倒,减少
If you cut down all the trees, you will ruin the land.
cut in 插嘴
She always cut in when other people are talking.
cut out 切去,切除
The cancerous cells had to be cut out.
知识点5:mash v.捣烂,捣碎
How do we make mashed potatoes? 我们如何制作土豆泥?
1.mash up捣烂,捣碎
2.mashed adj.捣烂的
3.mashed potatoes土豆泥
知识点6:teach v.教;讲授(过去式:taught)
7.Can you teach me how to cook a popular Chinese dish?
常考点:
1.teach sb/sth 教某人/某事
2.teach sb sth=teach sth to sb 教某人某物
3.teach sb (how)to do sth教某人(如何)做某事
4.teach oneself...=learn…by oneself自学……
知识点7:do with
What should we do with the tomatoes and eggs?
辨析deal with与do with
词组
意义及用法
deal with
“处理;应对”,常与how连用
do with
“处理;处置”,常与what连用
知识点8:how many
①How many peppers do we need? 我们需要多少青椒?
②How much beef do we need? 我们需要多少牛肉?
【易混辨析】重点:how many与how much
how many
提问 可数 (可数/不可数)名词的数量
How many flowers do you want?你想要几朵花?
how much
提问 不可数 (可数/不可数)名词的数量
How much milk did she drink?她喝了多少牛奶?
提问价格,主语既可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词
How much are the flowers?这些花多少钱?
How much is the milk?牛奶多少钱?
知识点9:mess
What a messit is!真是一团糟。
mess n.脏乱,凌乱 makeamess弄得一团糟 messy adj.脏的,不整洁的,杂乱的
in a mess乱七八糟
知识点10:go boating去划船
Let’s go boating on the lake !
拓展:
go hiking 去远足 go walking去散步
go shopping去购物 go climbing 去爬山
go skating 去滑冰 go fishing 去钓鱼
go swimming 去游泳 go bike riding骑自行车(兜风)
go skateboarding去进行滑板运动
知识点11: fill
I still remember the days when the smell of cinnamon filled the room with sweetness. 我依然记得那些日子里,肉桂的香味让房间充满了甜蜜。
fill表示“装满,填满”,可用作及物和不及物动词,通常与介词 with 连用。
Everything is filled with new life. 万物充满了生气。
He filled the glass with water. 他把杯子装满了水。
【拓展】
full 作为形容词,意为“充满的”。例如:
Please tell me the full story. 请将全部情况告诉我。
The train was traveling at full speed. 火车正全速前进。
be full of 意为“充满……的”。例如:
The room is full of young people. 房间里全是年轻人。
辨析fill...with..., be filled with与be full of
辨析
用法
fill...with...
动词短语,意为“用……把……填满”,强调动作,主语通常为人。
be filled with
fill...with...的被动语态,也可作形容词短语,意为“充满”。
be full of
形容词短语,意为“充满”,侧重于状态。
知识点12: according to
According to the taxt, what kind of person do you think the writer’s grandmother is?
according to意为“依照;根据”。常用搭配如下:
according to the police 按照警方的说法;
according to the latest survey根据最新调查;
according to the weather report 根据天气预报;
according to the rules 按照规则
go according to plan按照计划进行。
【易错提醒】according to用来引出来自他人或他处的消息,不能与me或my opinion连用。表达“依我看”可用in my opinion。
知识点13:separate
And she kept the ingredients separate.
separate既可以作形容词,也可以作动词。separate作形容词,意为“单独的;分开的”;
separate作动词,意为“分开;隔开”separate from分离;隔开;separate A from B把A和B分开。
辨析divide与separate
词汇
意义及用法
divide
v.分开;分散。通过切、割等方法把一个整体分为几个部分;常与into连用。
separate
adj.单独的;分开的 v.分开;分离。把原来连在一起或靠近的人或物分离开来,常与from连用。
如:①A year is divided into four seasons. 一年分为四个季节。
②The two cities are separated by a river. 这两座城市被一条河隔开了。
知识点14:born
The Guoqiao Rice Noodles was born.
bon作动词,意为“出生;出世”;作形容词,意为“天生(有某方面才能)的”,形容词或名词作主语补足语,说明主语的状态。
be born into 生于··…之家 be born with.…生来就有·…
be born+adj./n.生来就是·天生就。
知识点15:finally
[教材原句]Finally, put the spaghetti on a plate........
常见用法
finally作为副词,意为“最后;最终",可以放在动词前面,也可以作为句子副词,放在句首,与后面的部分用逗号隔开。
After several delays, we finally took off at six o'clock.在几次延误后,我们最终在6点起飞。
Finally, I'd like to thank my family.最后,我想感谢我的家人。
联想拓展
①finally是final的副词形式。final可以作形容词,意为"最终的;决定性的";也可以作名词,意为"决赛"。
②finally 可以表示时间的位置,相当于at last, in the end;也可以表示时间的先后顺序,与firstly,secondly, next等词连用。
Unit 6
知识点1: be going to"计划, 打算"
[教材原句]I'm going to work hard at maths.我要努力学习数学。
be going to表示将要发生的动作,含有"计划, 打算"的意思, 后跟动词原形,其中be动词要与主语的人称和数一致,常跟表将来的时间连用。
He’s going to visit Australia next week. 他打算下周去参观澳大利亚。
【知识拓展】
come、go、leave、arrive、fly等表示位置转移的动词,常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。
Miss Yang is coming tonight. 杨老师今晚要来。
I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天要去北京。
知识点2: grow up "长大;成熟;成长"
[教材原句] 2.What does John want to be when he grows up?约翰长大后想做什么?
---He wants to be ...他想成为……
grow up 意为"长大;成熟;成长" 是动词短语,相当于不及物动词,其后不跟宾语。
What does John want to be when he grows up? 当约翰长大了,他想成为什么?
(2)grow 的用法如下:
v. 种植;使生长,为及物动词。
v. 生长;发育;长大,为不及物动词。
v. 变得,作连系动词,后面跟形容词。
She grows roses in the greenhouse. 她在温室里栽培玫瑰花。
The watermelons grow well in warm dry climate. 温暖干燥的气候适合西瓜生长。
He is growing stronger and stronger. 他长得越来越壮。
up的相关短语:
get up 起床 pick up 采摘
give up放弃 dress up 装扮
(2)when是连词,意为"当……的时候",引导时间状语从句。when作连词时,如果主句是过去时,从句也要用过去时;如果主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时,即"主将从现"。
I was short when I was 13. 我13岁的时候个子很矮。
I’ll visit you when I come back. 我回来时会去拜访你。
知识点3:realize
[教材原句]3.How is he going to realize his dream?他打算如何实现他的梦想?
---He is going to ...他打算……
Try to set mini-goals to help you achieve your resolution.尝试设定小目标来帮助你实现决心。
辨析achieve, realize与come true
词汇
意义及用法
例句
achieve
意为“(通过努力)达到;完成;实现”,其主语一般为人。
Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims.
要达到这些目标需要齐心协力。
realize
意为“实现;将……变为现实”,主语为人,后常接愿望、梦想等。也可表示“理解;意识到”。
We try to help all students realize their dreams.
我们试图帮助所有的学生实现梦想。
come
true
意为“实现”,其主语一般为希望、愿望等,且不能用于被动语态。
After years of hard work, his dream came true at last.
多年的努力之后,他的梦想最终实现了。
知识点4: keep on doing
[教材原句]I'm going to read more classics. And also, I'm going to keep on writing stories and essays.
我打算多读经典作品。而且,我还要继续写故事和散文。
keep on doing sth表示经过一段时间的间隙后"继续做同一件事",后可接表动态的词,如walk、write、talk 等。还暗指不顾困难、反对、警告而"坚持"做某事。
They kept on working in the fields, though it was raining. 虽然天正在下雨,他们还是继续在田里干活。
【易混辨析】 keep on doing/ keep doing
keep on doing
表示动作的反复
This old man kept on coming to offer us hot water.
这位老人不断地给我们送热水。
keep doing
表示动作或状态的持续
He kept standing there for an hour without moving.
他在那儿一动不动地站了一个小时。
【知识拓展】
(1)keep sb(sth) doing sth让某人(物) 不断做某事
The boss kept the workers working all day. 老板让工人们整天不断地工作。
(2)keep sb/sthfrom doing sth表示 "阻止某人/物做某事"。
Be careful! Keep the glass from dropping onto the floor. 当心!防止玻璃杯掉到地板上。
知识点5:be sure about
[教材原句]My parents want me to be a doctor, but I'm not sure about that.
我父母想让我当医生,但我不太确定。
后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式,表示对客观事物有肯定的认识和判断,主语必须是人。
I am really sure about it. 对于这件事我确实有把握。
I think I can win the match. I am sure of/about it. 我认为我能赢这场比赛。我对此有把握。
【知识拓展】
(1)be sure to do sth.务必做某事;确信做某事。
I’m sure to go with you. 我确信和你一起去。
(2)be sure+that 从句,表示"肯定;确信",许多时候可与"be sure to do sth."替换。
I’m sure that I can run much faster.=I’m sure to run much faster.我肯定能跑得快多了。
考点6: make sure 确保,查明
[教材原句]Just make sure you try your best at school. Then you can do anything you want.
只要确保你在学校尽力而为,那么你就能做任何你想做的事。
常用于祈使句中,后面常接that(可省略)引导的宾语从句(从句不使用将来时)或of+名词(词组)/代词,意为"确保"。
Make sure (that) you lock the door when you leave. 当你离开时确保锁上门。
They scored another goal and made sure of the victory. 他们又进了一个球,这就赢定了。
【知识拓展】
make sure to do sth 务必/确保去做某事
make sure of sth 查明某事,弄清某事
考点7:take
[教材原句]She is going to take acting classes.她打算上表演课。
take ... lessons 意为"上……课"。take后接动词的-ing形式。take ... lessons相当于have... lessons。
I’m taking French lessons. 我在上法语课。
take的用法
意义
常见结构/短语/例句
拿,取
take sth./sb. to sp. 带某物/某人到某地
take away拿走,带走
take off脱下(衣物);突然离开;(飞机)起飞
花费时间
It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.
做某事花费(某人)多少时间
吃,喝,服用
The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day.
医生让我一天吃三次药。
乘(车、船等)
take a/the bus乘坐公共汽车
选中;买下;租用
I’ll take the white jacket. 我要那件白色夹克衫。
接受,采纳
take one’s advice 采纳某人的建议
做……事情,与名词连用
take a rest/break 休息一下
take a risk 冒险
take a walk 散步
学习(课程),参加(考试)
I'm taking a French course this semester. (这学期我在修一门法语课。)
When did you take your driving test? (你什么时候参加的驾照考试?)
拍照,记录
He took a lot of pictures during the trip. (他在旅途中拍了很多照片。)
The secretary takes the minutes of the meeting. (秘书做会议记录。)
【拓展】辨析take, bring, carry与get
词汇
意义及用法
例句
take
(→)
“带走,拿走”,把某物或某人从说话处带到别处。
Shall I take a gift to my host family?
我要不要给主人家带件礼物呢?
bring
(←)
“带来,拿来”,把某物或某人从别处带到说话处。
Next time I’ll bring a book.
下次我会带本书来。
carry
(↑)
“携带,扛,搬运”,不强调方向,但有负重感。
Let me carry your case for you.
我来帮你提箱子吧。
get
(⇌)
“去取来,去拿来”,强调往返的动作。
She has gone to get some milk.
她去取了一些牛奶。
考点8:have to do with关于;与……有关系
[教材原句]Some resolutions have to do with learning new things.一些决心与学习新事物有关。
have to do with关于;与……有关系。这个句型表示与某事、某人有牵连,有关系,有瓜葛。
What does this have to do with me? 这跟我有什么关系?
I had nothing to do with the murder. I was at home all night. 我跟那谋杀一点关系都没有。我整晚都在家。
【知识拓展】
have nothing to do with 与……没关系
My brother has nothing to do with the fight. 我弟弟和打架没关系。
考点9:take up"学着做;开始做;从事"
[教材原句]People might decide they are going to take up a hobby, like painting or photography.
人们可能会决定要培养一种爱好,比如绘画或摄影。
take up指"学着做;开始做;从事"。后面可接名词或动名词。
He had studied Japanese for a year and a half before he took up English. 他开始学习英语之前已经学一年半日语了。
He took up football when he was 6 years old. 他六岁时就开始学踢足球了。
The young girl wants to take up teaching English to little kids. 这个年轻的姑娘想开始从事幼儿英语教学。
【知识拓展】
take up还有"占用时间或空间"之意。
Learning English takes up a lot of my time. 学英语占了我许多时间。
That big table takes up too much room. 那张大桌子占的地方太大了。
考点10:promise n. 承诺;诺言 v. 许诺; 承诺;保证
[教材原句]
A resolution is a promise that you make to yourself. People make resolutions to improve their life. For example, some people may promise to exercise more or eat more healthily.决心是你对自己许下的承诺。人们通过下决心来改善生活。例如,有些人可能会承诺多锻炼或更健康地饮食。
make a promise/promises 允诺
keep a /one’s promise 遵守诺言,信守承诺
break a /one’s promise违背诺言
promise to do sth答应做某事
promise sbto do sth答应某人做某事
promise sb sth答应某人某事
If you make a promise, you should keep it. 如果你许诺了,你就要遵守你的诺言。
My teacher promised to help us. 我老师答应要帮助我们。
You must promise me to be early tomorrow morning. 你必须答应我明天早上早点。
考点11:too…to…是"太……以致不能……"
[教材原句]Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.有时决心可能太难坚持。
too…to…是"太……以致不能……",to是不定式符号,后接动词原形,该句式虽没有否定词not/no,但表达否定意义,若逻辑主语是动作的执行者,则需用 for 引出。
English is too difficult for me to read. 对我来说英语太难了。
【知识拓展】
(1) too…to…可转化为复合句 so…that…句型,此时that从句的谓语动词要用否定形式。
The problem is too difficult for me to work out.
=The problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out.
(2) too…to…还可转化为"not+形容词/副词+enough to do",其中形容词/副词是句型too…to…中形容词/副词的反义词。
His son is too young to go to school.= His son is not old enough to go to school.
Unit 7
知识点1: space
[教材原句]1.Many people will live in outer space.许多人将居住在外太空。
常见用法:space意为“太空;空间"时,是不可数名词。它可以作定语修饰某些名词,如space station(太空站,字宙空间站),space travel/research(大空旅行/探索);还可与其他动词或介词构成固定搭配。
He had plenty of space to study.他学习的地方很大。
背例句学搭配
There isn't enough space in the classroom for thirty desks.教室里没有足够的空间放30张书桌。
This big machine takes up too much space.这个大机器占用了太多的空间。
固定搭配
①space for...用于...的空间 ②take up.. space 占据...空间 ③in/into space进入太空
易混辨析
space, room与place的用法区别
易混词
含义
词性
space
太空;空间
不可数名词
空地;空位
可数或者不可数名词
room
供某物、某人或某个活动使用的空间,侧重大小、尺寸等;泛指一般意义的"空地;空间"时,可与space互换。
不可数名词
place
某物或某人所占的特定空间。
可数名词
知识点2:believe
[教材原句]Will we be able to live on earth in 100 years?100年后我们还能在地球上生活吗?
Yes, we will. I believe people will make the earth a better place.
是的,我们会的。我相信人类会把地球变得更美好。
常见用法
①believe可用作及物动词,意为“相信;认为有可能”,后面可直接跟名词、代词等作宾语,也可跟that引导的宾语从句,that可省略。
You shouldn't believe everything you read.你不应该相信你读到的一切。
Sometimes it is hard to believe (that) we have been married for 50 years,有时候很难相信我们已经结婚50年了。②believe也可作不及物动词,用于固定搭配believe in,意为“相信...存在;信任;信赖"。
I believe her words, but I can't believe in her我相信她说的话,但我不能信任她。
③believe也常用于口语中。如
I believe so意为"我认为是的"
I can't believe...表示惊讶、震惊、不敢相信某事;
believe it or not意为"信不信由你"
Seeing is believing意为"眼见为实"。
I don't believe a word of it.我一句话也不相信。
知识点3:Shall we........?
[教材原句]Shall we go to see the sci-fi film?→Oh, I'd love to.
我们去看那部科幻电影好吗?→哦,我很乐意。
常见提建议的句型还有如下几种:
①Would you like to do sth.?你想要做某事吗?
②Shall we do sth.?让我们做某事好吗?
③Let’s do sth.!让我们做某事吧!
④You’d better (not) do sth. 你最好(不要)做某事。
⑤Would/Could you please (not) do sth.?请你(不要)做某事好吗?
⑥Would you mind doing sth.? 你介意做某事吗?
⑦Why not do sth.?/Why don’t you do sth.? 你为什么不做某事呢?
考点4:“What be.. like?”/“What will be like?"句型
[教材原句]... what will the future be like?未来将是什么样的?
句式结构
“What be.. like?"/"What will... be like?"句型意为‘是什么样的?/....将是什么样的?"其中like为介词,该句型要与问长相的句型"What does/do.. look like?"和问喜好的句型"What does/do...like?"区分开。
What's the weather like today?今天的天气怎么样?
What does she look like?她长相如何?
What food do you like best?你最喜欢的食物是什么?
考点5:There will be句型
[教材原句]There will be more people in cities, but there will be fewer traffic accidents.
城市里会有更多人,但交通事故会减少。
句式结构
There be句型的一般将来时的其中一种结构为"There will be+名词",无论名词为单数还是复数,都用There will be,其时态及句式变化通过will的变化完成。本单元中要注意名词前面的more,less和fewer。 more既可修饰可数名词复数又可修饰不可数名词;less修饰不可数名词;fewer修饰可数名词复数。
There won't be any concert this Saturday evening,这周六晚上将不会有任何音乐会。(否定句为"There won't be+名词")
-Will there be a match tomorrow?明天将会有一场比赛吗?
-Yes, there will./No. there wont.是的,会有。/不,没有。(一般疑问句为"Will there be+名词?",回答是“Yes, there will."或"No,there won't.")
考点6:live
[教材原句]How long will people live?人们能活多久?
→Well, more people will live to be over 100 years old.嗯,会有更多人活到100岁以上。
辨析lively, living, live与alive
词汇
意义及用法
lively
adj.“精力充沛的;生机勃勃的;活跃热情的;鲜艳的”,可修饰人或物。
living
adj. “活的,现存的”,强调“尚在人间”,修饰人或物。
n.“生计;生活”,make a living 谋生。
live
adj.“活的”,只修饰物。
adj.“现场直播的;实况转播的”。
v.“居住;生活;生存”。
adv.“在现场直播;在现场表演”。
alive
adj.“活着;在世”, 强调生与死的界限,作表语、后置定语,可修饰人或物。
考点7: see
[教材原句]Well, you'll see robots working everywhere.嗯,你会看到机器人在各处工作。
see作动词,意为“看见”。主要有两种用法:
(1)see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事(全过程)。注意:用于被动语态需还原不定式符号to,即:sb. be seen to do sth. 某人被看见做某事。
(2)see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事。
【拓展】辨析watch, look, see与read
词汇
意义及用法
常见搭配
watch
“注视;观看”,后多接电视、比赛、实验、表演等
watch TV/a game/
match/movie
look
“看”,强调动作;单独使用“Look!”表示提醒。后接宾语时用“look at+宾语”
look at the
blackboard
see
“看见”,强调结果;也可译为“理解;明白”
see sb. do/doing sth.
see a film
see a doctor
read
“读;阅读”,后多接报纸、杂志、书等
read a newspaper/
magazine/book
考点8: such as
[教材原句]However, there will be more challenging jobs in the future, such as space pilots and AI experts.
然而,未来将出现更具挑战性的工作,例如太空飞行员和人工智能专家。
区分
位置
标点
例句
such as(例如,像……这样的)
通常不用于句首,而是直接放在它所修饰的类别名词之后。
前面通常没有逗号,但如果例子多于一个,例子之间用逗号隔开。当列举的例子作为插入语时,后面可以加逗号。
I enjoy outdoor activities such as hiking and swimming.
(我喜欢户外活动,例如徒步和游泳。)
for example(例如,举个例子)
非常灵活,可以出现在句首、句中或句尾。通常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
前后通常都有逗号(作为插入语)。
For example, you can learn a new language through apps.
(例如,你可以通过应用程序学习一门新语言。)
知识点9:order的用法
[教材原句]Smart refrigerators will understand our needs When we are almost out of some food, they will order it for us.智能冰箱将理解我们的需求。当我们某种食物快吃完时,它们会为我们订购。
知识点10:It’s+adj.+(for/of sb.)to do sth.句型
It is impossible for us to prepare for the future.
It’s+adj.+(for/of sb.)to do sth.句型
(1) It’s+adj.+(for sb.) +to do sth.,意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”。其中it是形式主语,句中的动词不定式是真正的主语。
如:It’s necessary for students to have some labor courses. 学生上一些劳动课程是很有必要的。
(2)It’s+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.,意为“某人做某事是……的”。其中所用的形容词为描述行为者的性格、品质的一类词。
如:It’s very nice of you to offer me help. 你能主动帮我,真是太善良了。
背例句学搭配
Come as quickly as possible.尽快来。
It's possible to get tickets for the game.拿到那场比赛的门票是可能的。
It's possible that the letter got lost in the post.有可能那封信寄丢了。
固定搭配
①as... as possible尽可能,
②It's possible to do sth.做某事是可能的
③It's possible that..有可能,
联想拓展
possible的反义词是impossible。形容词前加im-前级,可以变为对应的反义词,如polite(有礼貌的)-impolite(无礼的);patient(有耐心的)-impatient(无耐心的)。
②possible的名词形式为possibility,意为"可能;可能性;可能的办法”;副词形式为possibly,意为"可能;也许”。
知识点11:own adj. & pron. 自己的
[教材原句]Smart refrigerators will understand our needs When we are almost out of some food, they will order it for us.智能冰箱将理解我们的需求。当我们某种食物快吃完时,它们会为我们订购。
I will learn a lot about different artists and their works of art, and I will create my own too.
我将学习很多关于不同艺术家及其艺术作品的知识,并且我也会创作自己的作品。
(1)own作形容词时,意为"自己的",一般放在物主代词之后,用以强调"某人自己的"。
Every dance has its own rhythm. 每个舞蹈都有它自己的节奏。
I saw it with my own eyes. 我亲眼看见的。
I decided to have my own shop. 我决定开一家我自己的店。
(2)own作代词时,意为"自己;亲身",常用于下列短语中:
①of one’s own意为"属于某人自己的",of前常为名词或不定代词。
We have no house of our own. 我们没有自己的房子。
He has nothing of his own now. 他现在一无所有。
②on one’s own意为"独自,单独;独立地",在句中作状语。
He didn’t get any help and had to complete the work on his own. 他没有得到任何帮助,不得不独自完成 这项工作。
③with one’s own意为"用某人自己的",own后接名词。
Remember to do everything with your own ideas. 记得用你自己的想法去做每一件事。
【知识拓展】
(1)own还可作动词,意为"拥有",不用于进行时。
Many people own a car now. 现在很多人都有车。
(2)owner n. 物主;所有权人;主人
He’s the owner of this house. 他是这栋房子的主人。
知识点12:as long as
[教材原句]Smart refrigerators will understand our needs When we are almost out of some food, they will order it for us.智能冰箱将理解我们的需求。当我们某种食物快吃完时,它们会为我们订购。
I believe these dreams will come true as long as I study hard and keep on trying.
我相信,只要我努力学习并不断尝试,这些梦想就会实现。
表示条件:“只要”(最常用的用法)
在这个意义上,as long as 用于引出条件,意思是“只有在……条件下,主句的情况才会发生或成立”。它相当于 if 或 on the condition that,但语气更强,强调这个条件是唯一或主要的决定因素。
结构: 主句 + as long as + 条件从句
例句:
You can go to the party as long as you finish your homework first.
(只要你先完成作业,就可以去参加派对。)
As long as you promise to be careful, you can borrow my car.
(只要你保证小心,就可以借我的车。)
Unit 8
知识点1:try
2.If I go there, I'll try all the delicious local food.如果我去那里,我会尝遍所有当地的美食。
try的用法如下:
知识点2:argue
2.Sometimes my friends and I argue but I don't know how to make up.
有时候我和朋友会吵架,但我不知道如何和好。
1. 不及物动词:争论,争吵
指双方或多方因意见不合而进行言语上的争执。后面常接介词 with, about, 或 over。
argue with sb (about/over sth):与某人(为某事)争吵
例句:My parents are always arguing about money.(我父母总是为钱争吵。)
2. 及物动词:主张,认为,论证
指提出理由或证据来支持自己的观点、立场。后面常接 that 引导的宾语从句。
argue that...:主张...,认为...
例句:The lawyer argued that his client was innocent.(律师力辩他的委托人是无辜的。)
3. 及物动词:辩论,讨论 后面直接接辩论的主题作为宾语。
argue sth:辩论某事
例句:We need to sit down and argue the matter calmly.
(我们需要坐下来冷静地讨论这件事。)
二、常用动词短语
argue for sth:支持,主张,赞成(某事)
argue against sth:反对,反驳(某事)
argue sb into/out of (doing) sth:说服某人做/不做某事
知识点3:prefer
3.Some of you may prefer texting
prefer 意为“更喜欢”,相当于“like… better”,用法如下:
知识点4: careful
常见用法
careful是形容词,可用在系动词后作表语,也可用在名词前作定语。口语中提醒别人要小心时常用be careful,意为"当心;小心"。
背例句学搭配
Mary is careful about what she eats.玛丽对她吃的东西很小心。
You should be careful to deal with such kind of metal.你应该小心处置这种金属。
固定搭配
①be careful about...对.....小心
②be careful to do sth,小心做某事
联想拓展
careful的副词形式是carefully,意为“小心地;仔细地"。careless意为"粗心的;不小心的",是careful的反义词。-less为形容词否定后缀,类似的词有meaningless,helpless, homeless,selfless(无私的)等。
Be careful when you walk on the street.在街上走路时要小心。
知识点5: advice
Thank you for the advice!
【易混辨析】advice与suggestion,两者都可表示“建议”,其区别如下:
advice
不可数名词,表示“一条建议”要用a piece of advice
suggestion
可数名词,复数形式为suggestions
Eg. I asked my teacher for some advice.我向老师征求一些建议。
I asked my teacher for some suggestions. 我向老师征求一些建议。
【拓展延伸】suggestion(n)
advice(n)
suggest(v)
advise(v)
suggest doing sth 建议做某事
advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
advise doing sth 建议做某事
建议
重点:
常见用法
advice是不可数名词,意为“劝告;建议",可以用some, much, a piece of等修饰。如a piece of advice意为"一条建议";two pieces of advice意为"两条建议"。常与advice措配的形容词有good,useful, helpful等。
I need some advice about my computer.我需要一些有关我的电脑的建议。
背例句学搭配
My father once gave me some useful advice,我父亲曾经给过我一些有用的建议。
He decided to get some advice from an expert他决定从一位专家那里获得一些建议。
He followed/took his doctor's advice and stuck to a low-fat diet.他听从/采纳了他的医生的建议,坚持低脂饮食。Can I ask your advice on/about learning English?我能问一下你关于学习英语的建议吗?
固定搭配
①give sb. some advice给某人一些建议
②get some advice ( from sb.)(从某人那里)获得一些建议
③follow/take sb. 's advice 听从/采纳某人的建议
④ask sb. 's advice on/about..问某人关于...的建议
联想拓展
advice的动词形式为advise。advise的常见搭配有:
①advise sb. ( not) to do sth.建议某人(不)做某事
②advise sb.on/about sth.为某人提供关于某事的建议
知识点6 be worried about 为……担忧
be worried about 为……担忧
【解析】be worried about意为“担心”,强调状态,后面接名词、代词、或动词-ing形式作宾语。其中worried是形容词,意为“担心的;担忧的”。
We are all worried about her health. 我们都为她的健康担忧。
【拓展】worry作动词,意为“担心;担忧”,worry about 意为“担心”,强调动作。
Don't worry about her. She can pass the test because she studies hard.
不要担心她。因为她努力学习,她可以通过考试的。
知识点7:chance
7.If you want to make some new friends, this is a good chance.
如果你想交些新朋友,这是个好机会。
一、作为名词的用法
作为名词时,“chance”主要有以下几个核心意思:
1. 可能性,几率
这是最常用的含义之一,表示某事发生的概率。
结构:chance of (doing) sth / chance that + 从句 / chance to do sth
例句:Is there any chance of getting tickets for the concert?(有可能买到音乐会的票吗?)
2. 机会,机遇
指一个做某事的有利时机或可能性。
结构:chance to do sth / chance of (doing) sth
例句:This is your chance to travel the world.(这是你环游世界的机会。)
3. 偶然性,运气
指非计划内、偶然发生的事件。
常用短语:by chance(偶然地),pure/sheer chance(纯属偶然)
例句:We met by chance at the airport.(我们在机场偶然相遇。)
4. 风险,冒险
常用于“take a chance”这个短语中,表示冒风险试一试。
例句:Don't take any chances—wear a helmet.(不要冒险——戴上头盔。)
二、作为动词的用法
作为动词时,“chance”比较正式,主要有两种用法:
1. 偶然发生,碰巧
结构:chance to do sth(相当于 happen to do sth)
例句:I chanced to see her in the crowd.(我碰巧在人群中看到了她。)
2. 冒……的险(口语中较少使用)
结构:chance sth / chance it
例句:We might get caught, but let's chance it.(我们可能会被抓,但咱们冒个险吧。)
知识点8:pick up
8.If the rehearsal ends at 7:00 p.m., I'll pick you up at 7:15 p.m.
如果排练晚上7点结束,我会在7点15分来接你。
①拾起、捡起
例句:He picked up the book from the floor.(他从地板上把书捡了起来。)
②接(人)
例句:I'll pick you up at the airport at 6 pm.(我晚上六点会去机场接你。)
③取(物)
例句:I need to pick up my dry cleaning on the way home.(我回家路上得去取干洗的衣服。)
④(不经意地)学会例句:Kids pick up languages very quickly.(小孩子学语言非常快。)
⑤获得(技能、知识)
例句:I picked up a few tips from watching cooking shows.(我看烹饪节目学到了一些小窍门。)
⑥改善,好转(尤指经济、健康、天气)
例句:The economy is finally picking up.(经济终于开始好转了。)
⑦重新开始,继续
例句:Let's pick up where we left off yesterday.(让我们从昨天停下的地方继续。)
⑧买单
例句:Don't worry about the bill, I'll pick it up.(别担心账单,我来付。)
⑨便宜地买到
例句:I picked up this vintage jacket at a thrift store for only $10.(我在旧货店只花了10美元就淘到了这件复古夹克。)
⑩接收(信号、电台、声音)
例句:My phone can't pick up a signal in the mountains.(我的手机在山里接收不到信号。)
知识点9: it is time for ......
9.If you have such worries, it is time for you to learn some more conversation skills.
如果你有这样的担忧,是时候学习一些更多的交谈技巧了。
It’s time (for sb.) to do sth.句型
句型
意义
It’s time (for sb.)to do sth.
到(某人)该做某事的时间了。
It’s time for sth.
该做某事了。
It’s the/one’s+序数词+time+to do sth.
某人第几次做某事。
如:
①The new year is coming, and it’s time for us to make New Year’s resolutions.
新年就要到了,是我们做新年计划的时候了。
②It’s 12 o’clock now. It’s time for lunch.现在12点了。该吃午饭了。
③It’s her first time to visit the Great Wall.这是她第一次参观长城。
知识点 10: difficulty
1. 表示“做某事有困难”
这是最常见的用法,有几种经典句型:
a) Have difficulty (in) doing something后面直接接动词的 -ing 形式。
例句:Many students have difficulty (in) understanding native speakers.(很多学生很难听懂母语人士说话。)
b) There is difficulty (in) doing something这是一个更正式的句式。
例句:There was some difficulty (in) convincing him to come.(要说服他来有些困难。)
2. 表示“面临/遇到困难”
a) Experience / face / encounter difficulties difficulty 通常用作可数名词,指具体的困难。
例句:The company is facing financial difficulties.(公司正面临财务困难。)
b) Run into / come across difficulties指“偶然遇到,碰上”困难。
例句:If you run into any difficulties, don't hesitate to ask for help.
(如果你遇到任何困难,尽管求助。)
3. 表示“克服/解决困难”
Overcome / solve / resolve a difficulty
例句:With teamwork, we can overcome any difficulty.(通过团队合作,我们可以克服任何困难。)
have great difficulty(有很大困难)
have some difficulty(有些困难)
have no difficulty (in) doing sth(做某事毫无困难)
知识点11 :trust
[教材原句]He thinks the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to.他认为第一步是找到你信任的某个人谈一谈。
trust作动词时,意为“相信;信任",其后可以直接跟名词、代词等作宾语。其作名词表示“信任;信赖;相信”时,为不可数名词
I don't trust him.我不信任他。
Can we trust these data?我们能相信这些数据吗?
背例句学搭配
You shouldn't put your trust in a man like that你不应该相信像那样的一个男人。
Can we trust them to look after the house?我们能信任他们照看房子吗?
You can't trust the trains to run on time.你不能指望火车会准时运行。
I wouldn't trust him with the keys我不会放心把钥匙交给他。
固定搭配
①put one's trust in sb.信任某人
②trust sb. to do sth.信任某人做某事
③trust sth, to do sth.相信某物做某事;相信某物会正常工作
④trust sb. with sth.把某物托付给/放心交给某人
知识点12: take place
辨析happen与take place
词(组)
用法
happen
意为“发生;碰巧”,一般用于偶然或者突发的事件
sth. happen(s) to sb.某人发生某事
sb. happen(s) to do sth.某人碰巧做某事
take place
意为“发生;出现;举行”,一般指有计划的安排
【注意】①二者均有“发生”之意,都是不及物动词(词组),不能用于被动语态。
②二者表示的都是“瞬间”的意思,不能与表示时间段的状语连用。
知识点13: benefit
(一)n benefit 主要表示“好处,益处,优势”。
1. 可数名词:指具体的一项项“好处”或“益处”。
例句:Regular exercise has many benefits for your health.(定期运动对健康有许多益处。)
2. 不可数名词:指抽象的“益处,好处”,常用于 for the benefit of 或 to one's benefit 等短语中。
例句:The new policy is for the benefit of all employees.(这项新政策是为了所有员工的利益。)
3. 指“福利,津贴,救济金”
通常用作可数名词,但有时也作不可数名词。
例句:The job offers great benefits such as health insurance and a pension.
(这份工作提供很好的福利,比如健康保险和养老金。)
4. 指“慈善活动,义演”
例句:They organized a charity benefit for the local hospital.
(他们为当地医院组织了一场慈善义演。)
常用名词短语:
the benefits of (sth):...的好处
for sb's benefit:为了某人的利益
for the benefit of:为了...的利益
be of benefit (to sb):(对某人)有益
(二)v benefit 表示“对...有益;得益于”。
1. 及物动词:表示“使...受益,对...有好处”。
例句:The new tax laws will benefit low-income families.(新税法将使低收入家庭受益。)
2. 不及物动词:表示“从...中受益,得益于”,后面常接介词 from 或 by。
例句:Many students have benefited from his teaching.(许多学生从他的教学中受益。)
常用句型与搭配
It is beneficial to do sth表示“做某事是有益的”。
A benefit to sb/sth表示“对...来说是一项好处”。
Have the benefit of sth“拥有...的好处/优势”。
知识点14:honour
词性
主要意思
常用搭配
例句
名词 (不可数)
荣誉,名誉
a great honour, a man of honour
It's an honour to meet you.
名词 (可数)
荣誉,奖项
receive honours, military honours
He won many honours for his work.
动词
向...致敬
honour sb/sth
We honour our ancestors.
动词
履行,兑现
honour an agreement
You must honour your promise.
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