Unit2 Period 2 Using language（导学案）（含思维提升训练）英语外研版必修第三册

该高中英语导学案聚焦外研必修第三册Unit 2人物传记语篇，核心涵盖重点词汇（如award、contribution）、时间表达、一般过去时用法及人物评价技巧。通过知识梳理（时间表达、过去时等）与即学即练衔接语言知识与语篇应用，搭建从基础到综合运用的学习支架。 此导学案特色在于整合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过词性转换、语法填空等多样化练习提升语言运用能力，结合“推荐年度人物”任务型活动促进学习能力，引导学生分析人物事迹理解个人努力与社会价值，符合新课标核心素养要求，助力学生高效掌握传记写作与评价方法。

外研必修第三册Unit 2 Making a difference Period 2 Using language（导学案） 1. 掌握 Unit 2 Using language 部分人物传记语篇的重点语言知识； √ 单词：award，influence，contribution，career √ 短语：make a contribution to，play an important role in，be awarded，make a difference √ 句型： · She was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2015. · Her work has had a great influence on the world. 2. 掌握人物传记中常见的时间表达与一般过去时的用法，能按时间顺序描述人物的重要经历与成就。 3. 通过分析典型人物事迹，理解“个人努力与社会价值”的关系，提升概括信息与评价人物的能力。 4. 能在口头或书面表达中，运用所学词汇与句型推荐一位“年度人物”，清楚说明推荐理由。 一、词性转换 1. base v.以…为基础→ ________ adj. 基本的→ ________ adv.基本上 →________ n. 基础;根据 2. apologize vi 道歉→ ________ n. 道歉 3. judge v. 评价;判断→________ n. 评价;判断→________ n. 法官 4. serve v.为…服务;作用是;服务…→________ n.服务 → ________n.服务员 5. sail v.航行→ ________ n.航行→ ________ n.水手 6. patient adj.耐心的→ ________ n.耐心 7. intend v.打算 →________ n. 打算;意图;目的 8. pursue v.追求 →________ n. 追求 9. hesitate v. 犹豫不决 →________n.犹豫 10. eventual adj. 最后的 →________ adv. 最后;终于 11. option n.选择 →________ adj. 可选择的 12. broad adj. 宽阔的;广阔的 →________ v.开阔 13. will n.意愿;意志力 →________adj.乐意的 →________adj.不乐意的 → ________ n.愿意 14. permit v. 许可→ ________ n. 准许;许可 15. say v.说→ ________n. 谚语;格言;警句 【答案】 1.basic basically basis 2.apology 3.judgement judge 4.service servant 5.sailing sailor 6.patience 7.intention 8.pursuit 9.hesitation 10.eventually 11.optional 12.broaden 13.willing unwilling willingness 14.permission 15.saying Part 1 【知识梳理1】time expressions in biography 时间表达在人物传记中的运用 在人物传记中，时间表达用于清晰呈现人物经历的先后顺序，是组织语篇的关键语言工具。 【常用搭配】 In + 年份 在……年 At the age of + 数字 在……岁时 Later / Finally 后来 / 最后 By + 时间 到……为止 On + 具体日期 在某一天 【即学即练】 1.________ 1951, Tu Youyou began her studies at Beijing Medical College. 2.At the age of ________, she started working at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. 3.________, her discovery proved to be very effective in fighting malaria. 4.________ 2015, she had won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. 5.________ December 7, 2015, she received the Nobel Prize. 【答案】1.In 2.25 3.Later 4.By 5.On 【知识梳理2】 write in the past tense 人物经历描写中一般过去时的使用 人物传记主要描述已经发生的事实和成就，因此应以一般过去时为主。 【常用搭配】 began / started doing sth.开始做某事 worked as / worked at从事……工作 / 在……工作 led a team to do sth.带领团队做某事 managed to do sth.设法成功做成某事 won / received an award获得奖项 【即学即练】 1.Tu Youyou ________ (begin) her studies in 1951. 2.She ________ (work) at the institute for many years. 3.In 1969, she ________ (lead) a research team to find a treatment for malaria. 4.She finally managed ________ (extract) qinghaosu from a Chinese herb. 5.In 2015, she ________ (win) the Nobel Prize. 【答案】1.began 2.worked 3.led 4.to extract 5.won 【知识梳理3】describe achievements 描述人物的重要成就 成就通常是传记的核心信息，需要用准确动词 + 客观表述来呈现。 【常用搭配】 make a contribution to …对……作出贡献 play an important role in …在……中起重要作用 be awarded …被授予…… discover / develop / create发现 / 研发 / 创造 save millions of lives挽救数百万人的生命 【即学即练】 1.Tu Youyou made a great contribution ________ human health. 2.Her discovery played an important role ________ treating malaria. 3.She was ________ (award) the Nobel Prize in 2015. 4.The medicine has saved millions ________ lives around the world. 5.她的研究成果改变了疟疾的治疗方式。 Her research ______________________________ the treatment of malaria. 【答案】1.to 2.in 3.awarded 4.of 5.changed 【知识梳理4】express influence and value 表达人物影响与意义 传记结尾常用一句评价性语言，点明人物如何 make a difference。 【常用搭配】 make a difference产生影响 have a great influence on …对……有很大影响 be widely respected广受尊敬 be remembered for …因……被铭记 set an example for …为……树立榜样 【即学即练】 1.Tu Youyou’s work has made a big ________ to the world. 2.She is widely ________ for her contribution to medicine. 3.Her discovery has had a great influence ________ global health. 4.She will always be remembered ________ saving millions of lives. 5.她为后来的科学家树立了榜样。 She ______________________________ later scientists. 【答案】1.difference 2.respected 3.on 4.for 5.set an example for 【知识梳理5】recommend a person 推荐“年度人物”的表达方式 在口头展示中，需用推荐句式 + 理由说明，语言简洁、观点明确。 【常用搭配】 I recommend … because …我推荐……因为…… I think … is the best choice because …我认为……是最佳选择，因为…… In my opinion / In my view在我看来 What impresses me most is …最让我印象深刻的是…… 【即学即练】 1.I recommend Tu Youyou ________ she has saved millions of lives. 2.I think she is the best choice ________ her great contribution to medicine. 3.________ my opinion, she truly makes a difference. 4.What impresses me most is ________ she never gave up her research. 5.用一句话推荐屠呦呦作为“Person of the Year”。 【答案】 1.because 2.because 3.In 4.that 5.I recommend Tu Youyou because her discovery has saved millions of lives. 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The Back-to-School Speech ________ (deliver) by President Obama to American high school students in 2009 encouraged them to study hard and to be the authors of their own destinies. 【答案】delivered 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：2009年奥巴马总统向美国高中生发表的返校演讲中，鼓励他们努力学习，做自己命运的主宰。句中已有谓语动词 encouraged，空处应用非谓语动词，deliver和逻辑主语The Back-to-School Speech为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填delivered。 2.We are going to discuss a research paper ________ (title) The Impact of AI on Modern Education. 【答案】titled 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们将讨论一篇题《人工智能对现代教育的影响》的研究论文。本句已有谓语aregoingtodiscuss，动词 title用非谓语形式，名词短语aresearchpaper和动词title“给（文章、书籍等）取题目”是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填titled。 3.For people with hearing loss, clear communication can seem like a distant dream. However, advancements in technology are eliminating this barrier. TranscribeGlass, a wearable device, can translate ________ (speak) words into text displayed on a transparent (透明的) screen directly in the user’s field of vision. 【答案】spoken 【解析】查非谓语动词。句意：——对于有听力损失的人来说，清晰的交流似乎是一个遥不可及的梦想。然而，技术的进步正在消除这一障碍。 TranscribeGlass，一种可穿戴设备，能将所说的话翻译成文字，直接显示在用户视野中的透明屏幕上。这里words和speak是被动关系，即“话被说〞，所以用speak的过去分词形式spoken作定语修饰words，表示被动含义。故填spoken。 4.The powerful people-to-people bonds between China and Malaysia are reflected in diverse forms, considering the range of ________ (share) traditional and cultural values between the two nations. 【答案】shared 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：——考虑到两国之间一系列共有的传统和文化价值观，中国和马来西亚之间强大的民间联系以多种形式体现出来。values与share是被动关系，即“价值观被共享”，所以用share的过去分词形式shared作定语修饰values，表明这些价值观是被两国共有的。故填shared。 5.This discovery mostly comes from an “air-sky-land-digital” method ________ (create) by Wang Ningyuan’s team. 【答案】created 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这一发现主要来自王宁远团队创造的“空一天一地一数”方法。本句已有谓语comes，所以空处需用非谓语动词，method和create之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词created作后置定语修饰method。故填created。 6.The academy’s spirit, ________ (pass) down through its long history, is captured in a classic line: “Just as heaven keeps moving forward vigorously, a man of virtue should work continuously to strengthen himself.” 【答案】passed 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这所书院传承已久的精神，可凝练为一句经典箴言：“天行健，君子以自强不息。”句子已有谓语动词iscaptured， 空格处填入非谓语动词，passdown（传承）与其逻辑主语theacademysspirit之间是被动关系，需用过去分词passed作后置定语，表“历经漫长历史传承下来的书院精神〞。故填passed。 7.The workshops are distributed across 2,005 county-level regions, including 670 formerly poor counties and 135 key counties ________ (choose) to receive rural revitalization assistance, and have generated employment for more than 1.2 million people in related industries. 【答案】chosen 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些工坊分布在2005个县级地区，包括670个曾经的贫困县和135个被选为接受乡村振兴援助的重点县，为相关产业120多万人提供了就业机会。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词counties，choose和counties为动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填chosen. 8.The Fire and Rescue Corps of Guangdong Province and the fire brigade of Shenzhen City provided eight survey drones ________ (equip) with thermal imaging capabilities and two drones capable of long-term power supply, which are believed to have facilitated on-site search and rescue operations in Wang Fuk Court, where the fire occurred. 【答案】equipped 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：广东省消防救援总队和深圳市消防救援支队提供了八架配备热成像功能的勘查无人机以及两架具备长效供电能力的无人 机，据悉这些设备为发生在宏福苑的火灾现场搜救工作提供了便利。句子已有谓语动词provided，且其与空格处之间无连词，此处应用非谓语 形式，作后置定语修饰空前的surveydrones,equip“配备”与surveydrones之间是被动关系，需用过去分词形式，equip的过去分词为 equipped。故填equipped。 9.In Türkiye, the traditional Chinese board game go, ________ (know) by its Chinese name weiqi, is gaining remarkable popularity as a cultural bridge connecting Türkiye and China. 【答案】known 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在土耳其，传统的中国棋类游戏“围棋〞，以其中文名“围棋”为人所知，正因其作为连接土耳其与中国的文化纽带而 逐渐受到广泛欢迎。句子的谓语动词是isgaining，此处为非谓语动词，thetraditionalChineseboardgamego与know为被动关系，用过去分词known作后置定语。故known。 10.A special English-language play, The Peony Pavilion, was put on for the first time in Asia in Fuzhou, China. This play is a famous Chinese story ________ (pen) by Tang Xianzu, adapted by the University of Birmingham. 【答案】penned 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一部特别的英语版戏剧《牡丹亭》首次在亚洲于中国福州上演。这部戏剧是根据汤显祖所著的著名中国故事改编而成， 由伯明翰大学负责改编工作。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，pen（撰写）与逻辑主语afamousChinesestory之间是被动关系（故事被撰写），应用过去分词。故填penned。 二、课文语法填空 A best friend is someone who you can tell everything 1 (介词), even your most personal feelings and 2 . Anne Frank treated her 3 as her best friend. The German Nazis were in chase of (追捕) Anne and her family. The family had to hide 4 from the chase. They didn’t 5 (情态动词) go out even in the evenings. They had to stay 6 (副词) days and nights. Not being able to go out for such a long time, Anne missed the beauty of 7 so much that she grew crazy about everything to do with it. She stayed up until eleven thirty one evening on 8 just to see the moonlight. She said: “This is the first time I 9 (see) the moonlight since I was here.” Unfortunately, the family were finally discovered and taken away from the 10 (hide) place. 【答案】 【小题1】to 【小题2】thoughts 【小题3】diary 【小题4】away 【小题5】dare 【小题6】indoors 【小题7】nature 【小题8】purpose 【小题9】haveseen 【小题10】hiding 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了安妮和她的家人被德国纳粹分子追捕，不得不躲藏在室内，在这种生活中，安妮极度渴望接触自然和获得自由的事情 【小题1】考查固定短语。句意：最好的朋友是一个你可以告知一切的人，甚至是你最私人的感受和想法。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短 语“tell sth. to sb."，意为“告诉某人某事”，故空格处应用介词“to”。故填to。 【小题2】考查名词。句意：最好的朋友是一个你可以告知一切的人，甚至是你最私人的感受和想法。根据“and”前“feelings”可知，空格处 应用名词，根据句意“想法”可知，空格处涉及单词“thought”，意为“想法”，为可数名词，根据“feelings”可知，应用"thought”的复数形式“thoughts”。故填thoughts。 【小题3】考查名词。句意：安妮：弗兰克把她的日记当作她最好的朋友。分析句子可知，“her"为形容词性物主代词，后接名词，作宾语，根 据句意“日记”可知，空格处涉及单词“diary”，意为“日记”，为可数名词，句中“friend”为单数形式，故空格处应用“diary”的单数形式。故填diary。 【小题4】考查固定短语。句意：这家人不得不躲开追捕。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语"hide away from.."，意为〝躲开.，故空格处应填“away"。故填away。 【小题5】考查情态动词。句意：他们即使在晚上也不敢出去。根据句意“不敢”可知，空格处应用“dare" ，意为“敢”，为情态动词，“didn'tdare"为其在一般过去时中的否定形式。故填dare。 【小题6】考查副词。旬意：他们不得不日夜待在室内。根据句意“待在室内”可知，空格处应用“indoors” ，意为“在室内”，副词词性。故填indoors。 【小题7】考查名词。句意：安妮很长时间都不能出门，她太怀念大自然的美了，以至于她对与大自然有关的一切都着迷。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作介词“of”的宾语，根据句意“大自然”可知，空格处应用“nature”，意“大自然”，为不可数名词。故填nature。 【小题8】考查固定短语。句意：一天晚上她故意熬夜到十一点半，只是为了看月亮。根据句意“故意”可知，句中涉及固定短语“on purpose"，意为“故意地”，“'purpose”意为“目的，意图”，名词词性。故填purpose。 【小题9】考查时态。句意：她说：“这是我来这里后第一次看到月光。”分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“Thisisthe+序数词+time+从句”，表示“第几次.”，此时从句要用现在完成时，“I”与“have”连用，“see”的过去分词为“seen”，故空格处应填“have seen"。故填have seen。 【小题10】考查非谓语动词。句意：不幸的是，这家人最终被发现并被从藏身处带走。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“were discovered and taken away from"，故空格处应用非谓语动词，句中应用动名词作定语，说明被修饰词“place”的用途，“hide”意为“隐藏”，动词词 性，动名词形式为“hiding"."hiding place"意为“藏身处”。故填hiding。 三、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 What if you quit your job, grabbed a camera, and hit the road with one simple question for every stranger you met. “Are you happy?” Five years ago, filmmaker Eric did exactly that. The question surprised most people, but the answers he received were honest. For one woman, pure joy was her child. Another man credited his happiness to simple things: “food, fresh air, good weather.” Eric posted the interviews online, and they quickly went viral, reaching 15 million people a month. Yet as his platform grew, he realized he was uncovering something deeper than fame or success. Happiness, he discovered, isn’t a product of what happens to us. The most powerful proof came from a man with Stage 4 cancer. He was truly happy just to be alive to watch his son skateboard — an everyday moment he never thought he would live to see. That’s when it clicked for Eric. He saw the dividing line between the happy and the unhappy wasn’t wealth, success, or perfect health. It was something simpler, yet more powerful: an appreciation for small things. “I think the difference,” Eric reflected, “is being able to say, ‘This sandwich is really making me happy.’” He has come to believe that happiness is often a choice and a skill you can practice. When you concentrate on finding the good in things, you start to change the chemistry in your brain to turn unexpected changes in your life into positives. Over time, this way of thinking becomes a natural part of who you are. So, when people ask Eric if he’s happy, he smiles. “Yeah,” he says. “Because I’ve got my family. I think people take that for granted. But if you have that, you really are in the top one percent of the happiest people in the world.” 1. How did most people feel about Eric’s question? _______________________________________________________________________ 2. What is the dividing line between the happy and the unhappy? _______________________________________________________________________ 3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When you focus on finding the good, your life will change unexpectedly. _______________________________________________________________________ 4. If Eric asked you “Are you happy?” right now, what would you say? Why? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】Most people felt surprised（at Eric's question）. 【小题2】An appreciation for small things. 【小题3】When you focus on finding the good, your life will change unexpectedly. According to the passage, when you concentrate on finding the good in things, you start to change the chemistry in your brain to turn unexpected changes in your life into positives, which means you can turn unexpected changes into positive things rather than your life changing unexpectedly. 【小题4】I would say "Yes, l' m happy. Because I have good friends who support me and I can enjoy the beauty of nature every day." 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是电影制作人埃里克（Eric）辞去工作，带着相机上路，向遇到的每个陌生人询问“你幸福吗？”的经历。 【小题1】考查细节理解。根据第二段“The question surprised most people, but the answers he received were honest. （这个问题让大多数人感到惊讶，但他得到的回答却是真实的。）〞可知，大多数的人对他的问题感到惊讶，故答案为Most people felt surprised（at Eric's question） 【小题2】考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段“He saw the dividing line between the happy and the unhappy wasn’t wealth, success, or perfect health. It was something simpler, yet more powerful: an appreciation for small things. （他发现区分快乐与不快乐的并非财富、成功或完美的健康状况，而是某种更为简单却更具影响力的东西：对细微事物的欣赏。）”可知，快乐与不快乐之间的界限是对细微事物的欣赏。故答案为An appreciation for small things. 【小题3】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段When you concentrate on finding the good in things, you start to change the chemistry in your brain to turn unexpected changes in your life into positives.（当你专注于从事物中寻找美好之处时，你就会开始改变大脑中的化学物 质，将生活中意想不到的变化转化为积极的因素。）”可知，当你专注于寻找事物中的美好之处时，你就会改变大脑中的化学反应，将生活中意 想不到的变化转化为积极的因素，这意味着你可以将意想不到的变化转化为积极的事物，而不是让生活本身意外地发生变化。错误部分是“your life will change unexpectedlly”。故答案为When you focus on finding the good, your life will change unexpectedly. According to the passage, when you concentrate on finding the good in things, you start to change the chemistry in your brain to turn unexpected changes in your life into positives, which means you can turn unexpected changes into positive things rather than your life changing unexpectedly. 【小题4】开放题。如果Eric问我“你幸福吗”，我会说：“是的，我很幸福。因为我有很好的朋友支持我，而且我每天都能欣赏到大自然的美丽。”故答案为I would say "Yes, l' m happy. Because I have good friends who support me and I can enjoy the beauty of nature every day. 一、阅读理解 A Gratitude is a positive emotion that recognizes the good that others have brought to our lives, and is important both for our interpersonal relationships and physical well-being. 1 . A pioneering meta-analysis spanning 15 countries confirmed a significant inverse correlation-higher gratitude correlates with lower loneliness-highlighting gratitude’s potential to ease the global loneliness epidemic. Psychologist James Hittner notes loneliness results from unmet social relationship expectations, a psychological gap that often leads to emotional isolation and depression if left unaddressed. Hittner and Calvin Widholm analyzed 26 studies involving over 10,000 participants across diverse age groups and cultural backgrounds, finding a moderate inverse relationship between gratitude and loneliness. Those scoring above average in gratitude had a 62.4% chance of below-average loneliness, a statistic that held consistent even after controlling for factors like socioeconomic status. Neuroscientist Glenn Fox, who published the first direct study of gratitude in the brain in 2015, was not shocked by the result. 2 . The research found gratitude boosts medial prefrontal cortex activity, a region tied to social bonding and the experience of joy, which further explains the emotional and neurological link between gratitude and reduced social disconnection. Bartlett, a professor at Gonzaga University in Spokane, Washington, studies how our emotions have evolved to serve an adaptive social purposes 3 . Bartlett and her colleagues evaluated the long-term effect of gratitude on loneliness and health in older adults in a 2019 study. Over the course of 20 days, participants were asked to write down their daily grateful moments, specifying not just what they were thankful for but also why the experience mattered to them. This simple practice was reported to contribute to a sustained decrease in loneliness and a marked increase in physical and mental well-being in the participants. Some research has even shown the positive impact of gratitude-letter writing, which takes the reflective practice a step further with tangible expression. Bartlett often suggests gratitude-letter writing to her students as an exercise in emotional awareness. She asked her students to write to a person who they have never thanked, or someone have not expressed gratitude to for a long time. 4 . To build a sustainable gratitude practice against chronic loneliness, Bartlett offers actionable, science-backed tips that go beyond basic daily reflection. First, record three good things and their specific contributors every day, rather than vague positive events. Second, write a physical gratitude letter to someone underappreciated and deliver it in person if possible, a gesture that requires vulnerability but often leads to deeply moving conversations. 5 . Unlike texts or digital messages, hand-delivered letters foster authentic, deep interpersonal connection, directly easing loneliness. A．She focused on older adults in research B．Such practice strengthens interpersonal connections C．His brain study backed the finding D．Gradually, this cultivates a consistent gratitude routine E．It has also been linked to decreased loneliness. F．Gratitude lights the “social bonding” circuit G．She questions whether gratitude works in long-term studies 【答案】 【小题1】E 【小题2】C 【小题3】A 【小题4】B 【小题5】D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了感恩与孤独感之间的关联，以及如何通过感恩练习来缓解孤独感的相关研究和建议。 【小题1】由上文"Gratitude is a positive emotion that recognizes the good that others have brought to our lives, and is important bothforourinterpersonalrelationshipsandphysicalwell-being.（感恩是一种积极的情绪，它认可他人为我们生活带来的美好，对我们的人际关系和身体健康都很重要。）以及下文“A pioneering meta-analysis spanning 15 countries confirmed a significant inverse correlation-higher gratitude correlates with lower loneliness-highlighting gratitude’s potential to ease the global loneliness epidemic. （一项覆盖15个国家的开创性元分析证实，感恩与孤独感之间存在显著的负相关—一感恩程度越高，孤独感越低——这凸 显了感恩在缓解全球孤独感流行方面的潜力。）”可知，本空需要承接上文，引出感恩与孤独感的关联。E选项“It has also been linked to decreased loneliness.（它也与孤独感的降低有关。）”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中“I”指代上文的“Gratitude”，且"decreased loneliness”与下文的“lowerloneliness”相呼应。故选E。 【小题2】由上文 "Neuroscientist Glenn Fox, who published the first direct study of gratitude in the brain in 2015, was not shocked by the result.（神经科学家GlennFox在2015年发表了第一项关于大脑中感恩的直接研究，他对这个结果并不感到惊讶。）”以及下文“Theresearch found gratitude boosts medial prefrontal cortex activity, a region tied to social bonding and the experience of joy,which further explains the emotional and neurological link between gratitude and reduced social disconnection. （这项 研究发现，感恩会增强内侧前额叶皮层的活动，该区域与社会联结和愉悦体验相关，这进一步解释了感恩与减少社会疏离之间在情绪和神经层面 的关联。）”可知，C项“His brain study backed the finding（他对大脑的研究支持了这一发现）”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中“His brain study”指代Fox的研究，"backed the finding”呼应上文“was not shocked by the result"。故选C。 【小题3】由上文 "Bartlett, a professor at Gonzaga University in Spokane, Washington, studies how our emotions have evolved to serve adaptive social purposes.（Bartlett是华盛顿州斯波坎市贡萨加大学的教授，她研究我们的情绪是如何进化以服务于社会的适应性目标 )以及下文"Bartlett and her colleagues evaluated the long-term effect of gratitude on loneliness and health in older adults in a2019study.（Bartlett和她的同事在2019年的一项研究中评估了感恩对老年人孤独感和健康的长期影响。）”可知，本空需要引出Bartlett的研究对象。A选项“She focused on older adults in research.（她的研究重点是老年人。）”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中“She”指代Bartlett，“olderadults”与下文的“olderadults”相呼应。故选A。 【小题4】由上文“Bartlett often suggests gratitude-letter writing to her students as an exercise in emotional awareness.She asked her students to write to a person who they have never thanked, or someone have not expressed gratitude to for a long time.（Bartlett经常建议她的学生写感谢信，作为一种情感意识的练习。她让学生给一个他们从未感谢过的人，或者很久没有表达过感谢的人写信。 ）”可知，本空需要说明这种做法的作用。B选项“Such practice strengthens interpersonal connections.（这种做法加强了人际关系。）〞能承接上文，符合题意，该选项中“Suchpractice"指代上文的“gratitude-letter writing to her students as an exercise", "strengthens interpersonal connections" SEX "write to a person who they have never thanked, or someone have not expressed gratitude to"相呼应。故选B。 【小题5】由上文 "First, record three good things and their specific contributors every day, rather than vague positive events. Second, write a physical gratitude letter to someone underappreciated and deliver it in person if possible, a gesture that requires vulnerability but often leads to deeply moving conversations.（首先，每天记录三件好事及其具体的贡献者，而不是模糊的积极事件。其次，给一个被低估的人写一封实体的感恩信，如果可能的话亲自送达，这种做法需要勇气，但往往会带来令人深受感动的对话。）”以及下文Unlike texts or digital messages, hand-delivered letters foster authentic, deep interpersonal connection, directly easing loneliness. （与短信或数字信息不同，亲手递送的信能培养真实、深厚的人际关系，直接缓解孤独感。）”可知，本空需要说明这些做法的长远效 果。D选项"Gradually, this cultivates a consistent gratitude routine（渐渐地，这会培养出一个持续的感恩习惯。）”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中“this”指代上文的“gratitude-letter writing to her students as an exercise"，"cultivates a consistent gratitude routine”呼应“build as ustainable gratitude practice”的主题。故选D B A large number of people start experiencing strong loneliness in the few months following their graduation. Many people mistakenly think that loneliness can be ended by having more friends or by meeting new people but those who experienced loneliness for some time know that a person can have so many friends yet still feel lonely. Loneliness happens when you don’t have intimate relationships with your friends. Some of the main characteristics (特征) of an intimate relationship are common interests, openness and common life challenges. During college or high school years most of the people in a group will have the same problems. The upcoming exam which requires a lot of studying and the demanding professor are all problems that friends in the same group face at once. When a group of people face the same issues together, some kind of a bond is formed between them that makes their relationship more intimate. In such a case those people talk about their common problems, think together of solutions and even help each other go through them (by studying together for example). Loneliness can never appear in such an environment because each person will feel that he is on the same ship with others and nobody will hardly feel left out. What happens after graduation? After graduation each person usually takes a different path and finds himself fighting his own unique battle. Problems become no longer common between the same group of people because each of them develops his own special ones. Friends can become less connected to each other when each one of them lives a different life and this can reduce intimacy and promote loneliness. So how can this type of loneliness be ended? In such a case two things can be done. You can either share your new problems with your old friends and make sure you listen to theirs or you can make more friends at your new job to share with them what’s going on in your new life. The key to preventing loneliness is to find people who are fighting the same battle as you. When you do so, stick to them, share your experiences with them and you will never feel lonely. 6. Which statement will the author agree with? A．The feeling of loneliness will naturally disappear over time. B．The feeling of loneliness will disappear with more friends made. C．The feeling of loneliness can’t be ended by taking active actions. D．The feeling of loneliness can last even with many newly- made friends. 7. What does the underlined word “intimate” mean in paragraph 2? A．lasting B．close C．hard- earned D．open- minded 8. Why is loneliness not felt so widely during college or high school years? A．The students face similar situations. B．The students are too busy with their study. C．The students are required to work as a team. D．The students are not distanced by their living places. 9. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．Who this type of loneliness affects most. B．Why this type of loneliness comes up. C．How this type of loneliness can be ended. D．What characteristics this type of loneliness has. 【答案】 【小题6】D 【小题7】B 【小题8】A 【小题9】B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了毕业后孤独感产生的原因及应对方法。 【小题6】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Many people mistakenly think that loneliness can be ended by having more friends or by meeting new people but those who experienced loneliness for some time know that a person can have so many friends yet still feel lonely. 许多人会误以为，多交朋友、结识新面孔就能驱区散孤独，但那些真切体会过孤独的人都明白：一个人就算朋友满座，内心也可能依旧日孤独。）”可知，作者认为即使有很多新朋友，孤独感也可能持续存在。故选D。 【小题7】词句猜测题。根据第二段Loneliness happens when you don’t have intimate relationships with your friends. Some of the main characteristics (特征) of an intimate relationship are common interests, openness and common life challenges. During college or high school years most of the people in a group will have the same problems. The upcoming exam which requires a lot of studying and the demanding professor are all problems that friends in the same group face at once. (当你和朋友之间缺少intimate关系时，孤独感便会悄然滋生。亲密关系的几个核心特质是拥有共同的兴趣爱好、相处时坦诚相待，以及能一同面对生活中的挑战。中学和大学时 代，同一个圈子里的人大多会面临相同的困扰——即将到来的考试需要投入大量精力复习，要求严苛的教授也让人头疼，这些都是圈子里的朋 友会共同面对的问题。）”可知，亲密关系的一些主要特征是拥有共同的兴趣、坦诚相待以及共同面对生活挑战，当你与朋友之间缺少亲密关系时，孤独感便会悄然滋生。intimate意思是“亲密的〞，与close意思相近。故选B。 【小题8】推理判断题。根据第三段“When a group of people face the same issues together, some kind of a bond is formed between them that makes their relationship more intimate. In such a case those people talk about their common problems, think together of solutions and even help each other go through them (by studying together for example). Loneliness can never appear in such an environment because each person will feel that he is on the same ship with others and nobody will hardly feel left out. （当一群人并肩 面对同样的难题时，彼此之间就会产生一种联结，让关系变得更加亲密。在这样的氛围里，大家会一起吐槽共同的烦恼，合力琢磨解决办法，甚 至互相帮扶着渡过难关（比如一起结伴学习）。在这种环境中，孤独感根本无从产生，因每个人都会觉得自己和他人同舟共济，没有人会被冷落。）”可知，在大学或高中时期孤独感不那么普遍是因为学生们面临相似的情况。故选A。 【小题9】主旨大意题。根据第四段“What happens after graduation? After graduation each person usually takes a different path and finds himself fighting his own unique battle. Problems become no longer common between the same group of people because each of them develops his own special ones. Friends can become less connected to each other when each one of them lives a different life and this can reduce intimacy and promote loneliness. （那么，该如何摆脱这种孤独感呢？有两个办法可以尝试：你可以选择和 老朋友分享自己当下的烦恼，同时也认真倾听他们的心事；也可以在新的工作环境里多交些朋友，和他们聊聊自己的新生活。预防孤独的关键，是找到那些和你有着相似处境、正在并肩打拼的人。只要找到这样的人，坚定地和他们同行，分享彼此的经历，你就再也不会感到孤独了。 ）”可知，第四段主要讲述了为什么会出现这种孤独感，即毕业后每个人的生活路径不同，面临的问题不再相同，朋友间的联系减少，亲密感降低，从而引发孤独感。故选B。 C A Librarian’s Gratitude List November always feels like the perfect month to pause and reflect on the small, wonderful things that make my working in Youth Services at the Bartlett Public Library so special. Amid the rush of busy programs, I want to take a moment to express my gratitude. Each day brings new smiles, creativity, and connections that remind me why I love what I do. Little Moments, Big Smiles At the top of my list is the enthusiastic kids who greet me every day with big waves and cheerful “Ms. Jessica!” Some days, there’s even a soft hug — or a new drawing to add to my ever-growing collection of crayon masterpieces. Those small gestures never fail to brighten my day. Volunteers Who Make Magic Happen I’m also deeply thankful for our outstanding volunteers — the ones who quietly jump in, notice what needs to be done, and do it with a smile. For example, they make decorations for Summer Reading events and guide children through trying crafts. Through it all, I can always count on their energy, kindness, and enthusiasm. The Small Things That Shine There are so many other things that make me grateful: The parents who whisper “thank you” as they gather coats and glitter-covered projects after a program. Moments of encouragement from colleagues — a note, a smile, or a simple “You’ve got this.” Taking Time to Be Thankful This November, I encourage you to make your own “Library Gratitude List”. What small things make your days brighter? What moments remind you why you chose this work? Write them down, share them, or keep them close — you’ll discover just how much joy they bring when you take time to notice. 10. What do the kids often do to greet the author? A．Give a gift. B．Draw a picture. C．Hug tightly. D．Cheer enthusiastically. 11. Which group gives an incredible amount of support to the author’s work? A．Parents. B．Children. C．Volunteers. D．Colleagues. 12. Why does the author suggest making a “Library Gratitude List”? A．To record daily busy work. B．To find simple pleasure in work. C．To spread working experience. D．To show respect to colleagues. 【答案】 【小题1】D 【小题2】C 【小题3】B 【解析】本文为一篇应用文，介绍一位图书馆儿童服务部工作人员的感恩清单。 【小题1】细节理解题。根据第2段中“At the top of my list is the enthusiastic kids who greet me every day with big waves and cheerful “Ms. Jessica!'（在我的感恩清单榜首，是那群热情的孩子——他们每天都会用力挥手，开心地喊着‘杰西卡女士！’跟我打招呼。）”可知，孩子们最经常的问候方式是热情地挥手和呼喊。故选D。 【小题2】细节理解题。根据第3段中"I’m also deeply thankful for our outstanding volunteers — the ones who quietly jump in, notice what needs to be done, and do it with a smile.（我也深深地感谢我们出色的志愿者们——他们默默地投入，注意到需要做的事情，并微笑着完成。）”可知，给作者工作提供巨大支持的是志愿者们。故选C。 【小题3】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“This November, I encourage you to make your own “Library Gratitude List”. What small things make your days brighter? What moments remind you why you chose this work? Write them down, share them, or keep them close — you’ll discover just how much joy they bring when you take time to notice.（今年十一月，我鼓励你制作你自己 的‘图书馆感恩清单’。是什么小事让你的日子更明亮？是什么时刻提醒你为何选择这份工作？把它们写下来、分享出去，或者珍藏心——当 你花时间去留意时，就会发现这些小事能带来满满的快乐。）”可知，作者建议制作清单的目的是为了发现工作中那些带来快乐的小事，从而找到工作的意义和乐趣。故选B。 二、思维提升-观点分享 Share a person who makes a difference and explain why his/her actions matter. Choose one person you know (from the text or real life) who has made a difference. Use the following aspects to organise your ideas: What problem did he/she notice? What action did he/she take? What change or influence did this action bring? Prepare a short oral presentation (about 30–40 seconds) and share it with your partner. 表达提示（可选）： He/She noticed that … He/She decided to take action by … As a result, … I think his/her actions are meaningful because … 【答案】Tu Youyou noticed that malaria was a serious problem. She took action by studying traditional Chinese medicine and led a research team to find a new treatment. As a result, millions of lives have been saved. I think she really made a difference to human health. 三、思维提升-书面表达 写作情境 假设你是李华，你所在学校正在评选 “Person Who Makes a Difference”。请根据本单元所学语言，推荐一位你认为值得被推荐的人。 写作要点： ① 这个人采取了什么行动； ② 这些行动带来了什么改变或影响； ③ 简要表达你的评价或看法。 二选一 作业一（基础层） 要求： 请写 3 条推荐理由，每条一句话，要求： 至少使用 Using language 中学过的 5 个单词或短语（如 take action, make a difference, lead to, as a result, influence 等）。 作业二（提升层） 要求： 请写一篇 100 词左右的推荐短文，介绍一位 “Person Who Makes a Difference”，并说明理由。 1.【参考答案】 She took action to help people in need and tried to solve real problems. Her efforts led to positive changes and improved many people’s lives. As a result, she made a difference and influenced others to help more people. 2.【参考范文】 Dear Sir or Madam, I would like to recommend Tu Youyou as a person who truly makes a difference. She noticed that malaria caused great suffering to people in many countries and decided to take action. She led a research team to study traditional Chinese medicine and finally discovered a new treatment for malaria. As a result, millions of lives have been saved around the world. I believe her work is meaningful because it not only improved people’s health but also showed how scientific research can change the world. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 外研必修第三册Unit 2 Making a difference Period 2 Using language（导学案） 1. 掌握 Unit 2 Using language 部分人物传记语篇的重点语言知识； √ 单词：award，influence，contribution，career √ 短语：make a contribution to，play an important role in，be awarded，make a difference √ 句型： · She was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2015. · Her work has had a great influence on the world. 2. 掌握人物传记中常见的时间表达与一般过去时的用法，能按时间顺序描述人物的重要经历与成就。 3. 通过分析典型人物事迹，理解“个人努力与社会价值”的关系，提升概括信息与评价人物的能力。 4. 能在口头或书面表达中，运用所学词汇与句型推荐一位“年度人物”，清楚说明推荐理由。 一、词性转换 1. base v.以…为基础→ ________ adj. 基本的→ ________ adv.基本上 →________ n. 基础;根据 2. apologize vi 道歉→ ________ n. 道歉 3. judge v. 评价;判断→________ n. 评价;判断→________ n. 法官 4. serve v.为…服务;作用是;服务…→________ n.服务 → ________n.服务员 5. sail v.航行→ ________ n.航行→ ________ n.水手 6. patient adj.耐心的→ ________ n.耐心 7. intend v.打算 →________ n. 打算;意图;目的 8. pursue v.追求 →________ n. 追求 9. hesitate v. 犹豫不决 →________n.犹豫 10. eventual adj. 最后的 →________ adv. 最后;终于 11. option n.选择 →________ adj. 可选择的 12. broad adj. 宽阔的;广阔的 →________ v.开阔 13. will n.意愿;意志力 →________adj.乐意的 →________adj.不乐意的 → ________ n.愿意 14. permit v. 许可→ ________ n. 准许;许可 15. say v.说→ ________n. 谚语;格言;警句 Part 1 【知识梳理1】time expressions in biography 时间表达在人物传记中的运用 在人物传记中，时间表达用于清晰呈现人物经历的先后顺序，是组织语篇的关键语言工具。 【常用搭配】 In + 年份 在……年 At the age of + 数字 在……岁时 Later / Finally 后来 / 最后 By + 时间 到……为止 On + 具体日期 在某一天 【即学即练】 1.________ 1951, Tu Youyou began her studies at Beijing Medical College. 2.At the age of ________, she started working at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. 3.________, her discovery proved to be very effective in fighting malaria. 4.________ 2015, she had won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. 5.________ December 7, 2015, she received the Nobel Prize. 【知识梳理2】 write in the past tense 人物经历描写中一般过去时的使用 人物传记主要描述已经发生的事实和成就，因此应以一般过去时为主。 【常用搭配】 began / started doing sth.开始做某事 worked as / worked at从事……工作 / 在……工作 led a team to do sth.带领团队做某事 managed to do sth.设法成功做成某事 won / received an award获得奖项 【即学即练】 1.Tu Youyou ________ (begin) her studies in 1951. 2.She ________ (work) at the institute for many years. 3.In 1969, she ________ (lead) a research team to find a treatment for malaria. 4.She finally managed ________ (extract) qinghaosu from a Chinese herb. 5.In 2015, she ________ (win) the Nobel Prize. 【知识梳理3】describe achievements 描述人物的重要成就 成就通常是传记的核心信息，需要用准确动词 + 客观表述来呈现。 【常用搭配】 make a contribution to …对……作出贡献 play an important role in …在……中起重要作用 be awarded …被授予…… discover / develop / create发现 / 研发 / 创造 save millions of lives挽救数百万人的生命 【即学即练】 1.Tu Youyou made a great contribution ________ human health. 2.Her discovery played an important role ________ treating malaria. 3.She was ________ (award) the Nobel Prize in 2015. 4.The medicine has saved millions ________ lives around the world. 5.她的研究成果改变了疟疾的治疗方式。 Her research ______________________________ the treatment of malaria. 【知识梳理4】express influence and value 表达人物影响与意义 传记结尾常用一句评价性语言，点明人物如何 make a difference。 【常用搭配】 make a difference产生影响 have a great influence on …对……有很大影响 be widely respected广受尊敬 be remembered for …因……被铭记 set an example for …为……树立榜样 【即学即练】 1.Tu Youyou’s work has made a big ________ to the world. 2.She is widely ________ for her contribution to medicine. 3.Her discovery has had a great influence ________ global health. 4.She will always be remembered ________ saving millions of lives. 5.她为后来的科学家树立了榜样。 She ______________________________ later scientists. 【知识梳理5】recommend a person 推荐“年度人物”的表达方式 在口头展示中，需用推荐句式 + 理由说明，语言简洁、观点明确。 【常用搭配】 I recommend … because …我推荐……因为…… I think … is the best choice because …我认为……是最佳选择，因为…… In my opinion / In my view在我看来 What impresses me most is …最让我印象深刻的是…… 【即学即练】 1.I recommend Tu Youyou ________ she has saved millions of lives. 2.I think she is the best choice ________ her great contribution to medicine. 3.________ my opinion, she truly makes a difference. 4.What impresses me most is ________ she never gave up her research. 5.用一句话推荐屠呦呦作为“Person of the Year”。 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The Back-to-School Speech ________ (deliver) by President Obama to American high school students in 2009 encouraged them to study hard and to be the authors of their own destinies. 2.We are going to discuss a research paper ________ (title) The Impact of AI on Modern Education. 3.For people with hearing loss, clear communication can seem like a distant dream. However, advancements in technology are eliminating this barrier. TranscribeGlass, a wearable device, can translate ________ (speak) words into text displayed on a transparent (透明的) screen directly in the user’s field of vision. 4.The powerful people-to-people bonds between China and Malaysia are reflected in diverse forms, considering the range of ________ (share) traditional and cultural values between the two nations. 5.This discovery mostly comes from an “air-sky-land-digital” method ________ (create) by Wang Ningyuan’s team. 6.The academy’s spirit, ________ (pass) down through its long history, is captured in a classic line: “Just as heaven keeps moving forward vigorously, a man of virtue should work continuously to strengthen himself.” 7.The workshops are distributed across 2,005 county-level regions, including 670 formerly poor counties and 135 key counties ________ (choose) to receive rural revitalization assistance, and have generated employment for more than 1.2 million people in related industries. 8.The Fire and Rescue Corps of Guangdong Province and the fire brigade of Shenzhen City provided eight survey drones ________ (equip) with thermal imaging capabilities and two drones capable of long-term power supply, which are believed to have facilitated on-site search and rescue operations in Wang Fuk Court, where the fire occurred. 9.In Türkiye, the traditional Chinese board game go, ________ (know) by its Chinese name weiqi, is gaining remarkable popularity as a cultural bridge connecting Türkiye and China. 10.A special English-language play, The Peony Pavilion, was put on for the first time in Asia in Fuzhou, China. This play is a famous Chinese story ________ (pen) by Tang Xianzu, adapted by the University of Birmingham. 二、课文语法填空 A best friend is someone who you can tell everything 1 (介词), even your most personal feelings and 2 . Anne Frank treated her 3 as her best friend. The German Nazis were in chase of (追捕) Anne and her family. The family had to hide 4 from the chase. They didn’t 5 (情态动词) go out even in the evenings. They had to stay 6 (副词) days and nights. Not being able to go out for such a long time, Anne missed the beauty of 7 so much that she grew crazy about everything to do with it. She stayed up until eleven thirty one evening on 8 just to see the moonlight. She said: “This is the first time I 9 (see) the moonlight since I was here.” Unfortunately, the family were finally discovered and taken away from the 10 (hide) place. 三、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 What if you quit your job, grabbed a camera, and hit the road with one simple question for every stranger you met. “Are you happy?” Five years ago, filmmaker Eric did exactly that. The question surprised most people, but the answers he received were honest. For one woman, pure joy was her child. Another man credited his happiness to simple things: “food, fresh air, good weather.” Eric posted the interviews online, and they quickly went viral, reaching 15 million people a month. Yet as his platform grew, he realized he was uncovering something deeper than fame or success. Happiness, he discovered, isn’t a product of what happens to us. The most powerful proof came from a man with Stage 4 cancer. He was truly happy just to be alive to watch his son skateboard — an everyday moment he never thought he would live to see. That’s when it clicked for Eric. He saw the dividing line between the happy and the unhappy wasn’t wealth, success, or perfect health. It was something simpler, yet more powerful: an appreciation for small things. “I think the difference,” Eric reflected, “is being able to say, ‘This sandwich is really making me happy.’” He has come to believe that happiness is often a choice and a skill you can practice. When you concentrate on finding the good in things, you start to change the chemistry in your brain to turn unexpected changes in your life into positives. Over time, this way of thinking becomes a natural part of who you are. So, when people ask Eric if he’s happy, he smiles. “Yeah,” he says. “Because I’ve got my family. I think people take that for granted. But if you have that, you really are in the top one percent of the happiest people in the world.” 1. How did most people feel about Eric’s question? _______________________________________________________________________ 2. What is the dividing line between the happy and the unhappy? _______________________________________________________________________ 3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When you focus on finding the good, your life will change unexpectedly. _______________________________________________________________________ 4. If Eric asked you “Are you happy?” right now, what would you say? Why? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 一、阅读理解 A Gratitude is a positive emotion that recognizes the good that others have brought to our lives, and is important both for our interpersonal relationships and physical well-being. 1 . A pioneering meta-analysis spanning 15 countries confirmed a significant inverse correlation-higher gratitude correlates with lower loneliness-highlighting gratitude’s potential to ease the global loneliness epidemic. Psychologist James Hittner notes loneliness results from unmet social relationship expectations, a psychological gap that often leads to emotional isolation and depression if left unaddressed. Hittner and Calvin Widholm analyzed 26 studies involving over 10,000 participants across diverse age groups and cultural backgrounds, finding a moderate inverse relationship between gratitude and loneliness. Those scoring above average in gratitude had a 62.4% chance of below-average loneliness, a statistic that held consistent even after controlling for factors like socioeconomic status. Neuroscientist Glenn Fox, who published the first direct study of gratitude in the brain in 2015, was not shocked by the result. 2 . The research found gratitude boosts medial prefrontal cortex activity, a region tied to social bonding and the experience of joy, which further explains the emotional and neurological link between gratitude and reduced social disconnection. Bartlett, a professor at Gonzaga University in Spokane, Washington, studies how our emotions have evolved to serve an adaptive social purposes 3 . Bartlett and her colleagues evaluated the long-term effect of gratitude on loneliness and health in older adults in a 2019 study. Over the course of 20 days, participants were asked to write down their daily grateful moments, specifying not just what they were thankful for but also why the experience mattered to them. This simple practice was reported to contribute to a sustained decrease in loneliness and a marked increase in physical and mental well-being in the participants. Some research has even shown the positive impact of gratitude-letter writing, which takes the reflective practice a step further with tangible expression. Bartlett often suggests gratitude-letter writing to her students as an exercise in emotional awareness. She asked her students to write to a person who they have never thanked, or someone have not expressed gratitude to for a long time. 4 . To build a sustainable gratitude practice against chronic loneliness, Bartlett offers actionable, science-backed tips that go beyond basic daily reflection. First, record three good things and their specific contributors every day, rather than vague positive events. Second, write a physical gratitude letter to someone underappreciated and deliver it in person if possible, a gesture that requires vulnerability but often leads to deeply moving conversations. 5 . Unlike texts or digital messages, hand-delivered letters foster authentic, deep interpersonal connection, directly easing loneliness. A．She focused on older adults in research B．Such practice strengthens interpersonal connections C．His brain study backed the finding D．Gradually, this cultivates a consistent gratitude routine E．It has also been linked to decreased loneliness. F．Gratitude lights the “social bonding” circuit G．She questions whether gratitude works in long-term studies B A large number of people start experiencing strong loneliness in the few months following their graduation. Many people mistakenly think that loneliness can be ended by having more friends or by meeting new people but those who experienced loneliness for some time know that a person can have so many friends yet still feel lonely. Loneliness happens when you don’t have intimate relationships with your friends. Some of the main characteristics (特征) of an intimate relationship are common interests, openness and common life challenges. During college or high school years most of the people in a group will have the same problems. The upcoming exam which requires a lot of studying and the demanding professor are all problems that friends in the same group face at once. When a group of people face the same issues together, some kind of a bond is formed between them that makes their relationship more intimate. In such a case those people talk about their common problems, think together of solutions and even help each other go through them (by studying together for example). Loneliness can never appear in such an environment because each person will feel that he is on the same ship with others and nobody will hardly feel left out. What happens after graduation? After graduation each person usually takes a different path and finds himself fighting his own unique battle. Problems become no longer common between the same group of people because each of them develops his own special ones. Friends can become less connected to each other when each one of them lives a different life and this can reduce intimacy and promote loneliness. So how can this type of loneliness be ended? In such a case two things can be done. You can either share your new problems with your old friends and make sure you listen to theirs or you can make more friends at your new job to share with them what’s going on in your new life. The key to preventing loneliness is to find people who are fighting the same battle as you. When you do so, stick to them, share your experiences with them and you will never feel lonely. 6. Which statement will the author agree with? A．The feeling of loneliness will naturally disappear over time. B．The feeling of loneliness will disappear with more friends made. C．The feeling of loneliness can’t be ended by taking active actions. D．The feeling of loneliness can last even with many newly- made friends. 7. What does the underlined word “intimate” mean in paragraph 2? A．lasting B．close C．hard- earned D．open- minded 8. Why is loneliness not felt so widely during college or high school years? A．The students face similar situations. B．The students are too busy with their study. C．The students are required to work as a team. D．The students are not distanced by their living places. 9. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．Who this type of loneliness affects most. B．Why this type of loneliness comes up. C．How this type of loneliness can be ended. D．What characteristics this type of loneliness has. C A Librarian’s Gratitude List November always feels like the perfect month to pause and reflect on the small, wonderful things that make my working in Youth Services at the Bartlett Public Library so special. Amid the rush of busy programs, I want to take a moment to express my gratitude. Each day brings new smiles, creativity, and connections that remind me why I love what I do. Little Moments, Big Smiles At the top of my list is the enthusiastic kids who greet me every day with big waves and cheerful “Ms. Jessica!” Some days, there’s even a soft hug — or a new drawing to add to my ever-growing collection of crayon masterpieces. Those small gestures never fail to brighten my day. Volunteers Who Make Magic Happen I’m also deeply thankful for our outstanding volunteers — the ones who quietly jump in, notice what needs to be done, and do it with a smile. For example, they make decorations for Summer Reading events and guide children through trying crafts. Through it all, I can always count on their energy, kindness, and enthusiasm. The Small Things That Shine There are so many other things that make me grateful: The parents who whisper “thank you” as they gather coats and glitter-covered projects after a program. Moments of encouragement from colleagues — a note, a smile, or a simple “You’ve got this.” Taking Time to Be Thankful This November, I encourage you to make your own “Library Gratitude List”. What small things make your days brighter? What moments remind you why you chose this work? Write them down, share them, or keep them close — you’ll discover just how much joy they bring when you take time to notice. 10. What do the kids often do to greet the author? A．Give a gift. B．Draw a picture. C．Hug tightly. D．Cheer enthusiastically. 11. Which group gives an incredible amount of support to the author’s work? A．Parents. B．Children. C．Volunteers. D．Colleagues. 12. Why does the author suggest making a “Library Gratitude List”? A．To record daily busy work. B．To find simple pleasure in work. C．To spread working experience. D．To show respect to colleagues. 二、思维提升-观点分享 Share a person who makes a difference and explain why his/her actions matter. Choose one person you know (from the text or real life) who has made a difference. Use the following aspects to organise your ideas: What problem did he/she notice? What action did he/she take? What change or influence did this action bring? Prepare a short oral presentation (about 30–40 seconds) and share it with your partner. 表达提示（可选）： He/She noticed that … He/She decided to take action by … As a result, … I think his/her actions are meaningful because … 三、思维提升-书面表达 写作情境 假设你是李华，你所在学校正在评选 “Person Who Makes a Difference”。请根据本单元所学语言，推荐一位你认为值得被推荐的人。 写作要点： ① 这个人采取了什么行动； ② 这些行动带来了什么改变或影响； ③ 简要表达你的评价或看法。 二选一 作业一（基础层） 要求： 请写 3 条推荐理由，每条一句话，要求： 至少使用 Using language 中学过的 5 个单词或短语（如 take action, make a difference, lead to, as a result, influence 等）。 作业二（提升层） 要求： 请写一篇 100 词左右的推荐短文，介绍一位 “Person Who Makes a Difference”，并说明理由。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $