Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 单元测试卷-2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 单元测试卷 班级：__________ 姓名：__________ 分数：__________ 一、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 1. A powerful earthquake _______ the small town last night. Many houses were destroyed. A. affected B. hit C. warned D. prepared 2. The _______ from the typhoon was very serious. Many trees fell down. A. safety B. forecast C. damage D. supply 3. If a flood _______, we _______ move to higher ground immediately. A. will come; should B. comes; should C. comes; should to D. will come; will 4. You _______ touch broken wires after an earthquake. It's very dangerous. A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to 5. The government has _______ people to prepare more food and water before the storm arrives. A. rescued B. survived C. warned D. destroyed 6. All students _______ wear helmets on the construction site. It's a rule. A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to 7. After the heavy rain, the roads were _______ by mud and rocks. A. blocked B. predicted C. prepared D. helped 8. We don't have school today _______ the severe snowstorm. A. because B. because of C. if D. so 9. The firefighters worked hard to _______ the people trapped in the building. A. rebuild B. rescue C. warn D. affect 10. It's important to stay _______ during a natural disaster. A. calm B. dangerous C. sudden D. serious 11. My uncle _______ his home in the flood last year, but luckily his family was safe. A. destroyed B. lost C. prepared D. predicted 12. We should have a plan _______ a natural disaster happens. A. if B. because C. so D. but 13. The weather _______ says there will be heavy rain tomorrow. A. warning B. forecast C. damage D. shelter 14. Many buildings _______ in the earthquake five years ago. A. are destroyed B. were destroyed C. destroyed D. destroy 15. You _______ bring your umbrella; it's not raining now. A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） Last summer, a sudden heavy rain caused a serious ___16___ in my hometown. It rained for three days without stopping. The river rose quickly and soon ___17___ many streets and houses near it. My family lived on the second floor, so we were ___18___, but our neighbors on the first floor had to leave their homes. The local government set up a temporary ___19___ in the school gym for them. During the flood, the ___20___ was cut off in some areas. People had no light at night. Many volunteers came to ___21___. They brought food, water, and other ___22___. My father is a doctor, and he went out every day to help people who got sick. My mother and I helped to make sandwiches for the volunteers. It was a difficult time, but everyone worked together. After the water went down, the ___23___ began. It took months to clean the streets and ___24___ the damaged houses. This experience taught me that natural disasters can happen anytime, and we must be ___25___. 16. A. drought B. flood C. earthquake D. typhoon 17. A. blocked B. destroyed C. warned D. prepared 18. A. dangerous B. safe C. affected D. sudden 19. A. forecast B. shelter C. supply D. aid 20. A. power B. safety C. damage D. rescue 21. A. rescue B. help C. warn D. affect 22. A. shelters B. supplies C. tips D. forecasts 23. A. preparation B. warning C. survival D. rebuilding 24. A. destroy B. rebuild C. predict D. affect 25. A. safe B. prepared C. calm D. serious 三、阅读理解（共三篇，15小题，每小题2分，共30分） A 篇 Typhoon Rose hit the coastal city of Haikou last Friday. The wind speed reached 120 kilometers per hour. The typhoon brought heavy rain and strong winds. Many trees fell down, and some old buildings were damaged. The government warned people to stay indoors. Flights and ferries were canceled. Schools and offices were closed for two days. After the typhoon passed, people started cleaning up the streets. Workers fixed broken power lines. Although there was some damage, no one was seriously hurt because people were well prepared. 26. What hit Haikou city last Friday? A. An earthquake. B. A flood. C. A typhoon. D. A drought. 27. What was the wind speed? A. 100 km/h. B. 110 km/h. C. 120 km/h. D. 130 km/h. 28. What did the government tell people to do? A. To leave the city. B. To stay indoors. C. To go to work. D. To take flights. 29. Why was no one seriously hurt according to the passage? A. Because the typhoon was weak. B. Because people were well prepared. C. Because there were no people outside. D. Because the buildings were strong. 30. What did workers do after the typhoon? A. They predicted the next typhoon. B. They warned people about new dangers. C. They fixed broken power lines. D. They canceled all flights. B 篇 Earthquakes are one of the most dangerous natural disasters. They can happen without warning and cause great damage. Scientists use special tools to study earthquakes, but it is still very difficult to predict exactly when and where they will happen. However, we can prepare for them. Here are some safety tips for earthquakes: 1.If you are indoors, hide under a strong table or desk. Stay away from windows. 2.If you are outside, move to an open area away from buildings, trees, and power lines. 3.After the shaking stops, be careful of aftershocks (余震). Check for injuries and damage. 4.Listen to the radio or TV for official information and instructions. Being prepared can save your life. Every family should have an emergency kit with water, food, a flashlight, and a first-aid kit. 31. Why are earthquakes considered very dangerous? A. Because they are easy to predict. B. Because they can happen without warning. C. Because they only happen in certain places. D. Because they are not serious. 32. What should you do if you are indoors during an earthquake? A. Run outside quickly. B. Hide under a strong table. C. Stand near a window. D. Call your friends. 33. What are "aftershocks"? A. Smaller earthquakes that happen after the main one. B. Tools to predict earthquakes. C. People who help after earthquakes. D. Safety tips for earthquakes. 34. Why should you listen to the radio or TV after an earthquake? A. To listen to music. B. To get official information and instructions. C. To talk to your family. D. To predict the next earthquake. 35. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Earthquakes are not dangerous. B. We cannot prepare for earthquakes. C. It is important to know safety tips for earthquakes. D. Scientists can predict all earthquakes. C 篇 For centuries, humans have tried to control nature, but natural disasters remind us of nature's power. Events like earthquakes, floods, and storms show that we are not in complete control. Some disasters are made worse by human activities. For example, cutting down too many trees (deforeation) can make floods more serious because trees help to hold the soil and water. Building cities in areas that are likely to have earthquakes or floods also increases the risk. Climate change, caused by human activities like burning too much fossil fuel, is making some natural disasters, such as heatwaves and powerful storms, more frequent and severe. This doesn't mean we are helpless. We can take actions to reduce the risks. We can build stronger buildings in earthquake zones, protect forests and wetlands to prevent floods, and most importantly, work together to fight climate change by using cleaner energy. Living with nature means understanding its power, respecting it, and learning to adapt. It is a challenge for all of us. 36. What does the passage say about humans and nature? A. Humans can completely control nature. B. Natural disasters show nature's power. C. Nature is always peaceful. D. Humans are not part of nature. 37. How can deforestation make floods worse? A. Trees cause more rain. B. Trees help to hold soil and water. C. Trees block the rivers. D. Trees attract storms. 38. What is one cause of climate change mentioned in the passage? A. Planting more trees. B. Building stronger houses. C. Burning fossil fuels. D. Predicting earthquakes. 39. What can we do to reduce the risks of natural disasters? A. Control the weather. B. Build stronger buildings in risky areas. C. Stop all human activities. D. Ignore climate change. 40. What is the main message of the passage? A. We should fear nature and do nothing. B. We can understand, respect nature, and take action to reduce risks. C. Natural disasters are always caused by humans. D. Technology will solve all natural disaster problems. 四、任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 阅读下面关于应对台风的建议，根据文章内容完成句子，每空一词。 Before a typhoon comes, you should prepare an emergency kit. The kit should include water, food, a flashlight, a radio, and a first-aid kit. You should also make sure your mobile phone is fully charged. When you hear a typhoon warning, you should stay indoors. Close all windows and doors. If you are told to move to a safer place, you must follow the instruction. During the typhoon, do not go outside. The wind is very strong and it is dangerous. Stay away from windows in case they break. After the typhoon passes, be careful. There may be broken glass or fallen trees on the street. Listen to the news for official information. 41. You should prepare an emergency _______ before a typhoon. 42. Make sure your mobile phone is fully _______. 43. When you hear a warning, stay _______. 44. Do not go outside _______ the typhoon. 45. Be careful of broken glass or _______ trees after the typhoon. 五、补全对话（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据上下文，在横线上写出适当的句子，使对话完整、通顺。 A: Did you hear the news? There was a big earthquake in Green City yesterday. B: Really? 46________________________________________? A: Yes, but luckily it wasn't very deep. Still, many old buildings were damaged. B: That's terrible. 47________________________________________? A: Yes, a few people were hurt, but no one died. The rescue teams arrived quickly. B: Good. 48________________________________________ during an earthquake? A: If you are inside, you should hide under a strong table. 49________________________________________. B: What about after the shaking stops? A: 50________________________________________. And listen to the radio for information. B: I see. We should all learn about earthquake safety. 六、书面表达（共20分） 假设你所在的城市上周经历了一次严重的自然灾害（如台风、暴雨、地震等）。请你为学校英语广播站写一篇短文，描述这次事件。 内容包括： 1. 发生了什么自然灾害，以及它带来的影响； 2. 人们在灾害期间和之后是如何应对的； 3. 你从这次事件中学到了什么（例如：如何更好地准备，或对自然的认识）。 字数要求：80词左右。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 参考答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. B 解析： hit/strike 在此意为“（灾害）袭击”，是描述灾害发生的常用动词。affected（影响）语义稍弱，不如 hit 直接。 2. C 解析： damage 为不可数名词，意为“破坏、损失”，与形容词 serious（严重的）搭配，指“台风造成的破坏很严重”。 3. B 解析： 本题考查 if 引导的真实条件句，遵循“主将从现”原则。从句用一般现在时 (comes) 表将来，主句用情态动词 should 提出建议。 4. B 解析： mustn't 表示“禁止、不允许”，语气强烈。根据常识，地震后触碰断裂的电线非常危险，必须禁止。 5. C 解析： warn sb. to do sth. 意为“警告/告诫某人做某事”，符合政府提醒民众做好准备的语境。 6. A 解析： must 强调规则或命令，带有主观强制性。have to 虽然也可用，但此处强调规则本身的要求，用 must 更符合语气。 7. A 解析： block 意为“堵塞、阻断”。道路被泥石流阻断是暴雨后常见结果，使用被动语态 were blocked。 8. B 解析： because of 后接名词（短语）the severe snowstorm，表示“由于严重的暴风雪”。because 后需接从句。 9. B 解析： rescue 意为“救援”，指将人们从危险或被困状态中解救出来，符合消防员的职责。 10. A 解析： stay calm 是固定搭配，意为“保持冷静”，是应对灾害时的重要安全提示。 11. B 解析： lose one's home 是固定表达，意为“失去家园、无家可归”。destroy（摧毁）是及物动词，后面需直接接宾语（如 his home），但此处 lost 更强调“失去”这一结果。 12. A 解析： if 引导条件状语从句，表示“如果自然灾害发生”，符合句意。 13. B 解析： weather forecast 是固定搭配，意为“天气预报”。 14. B 解析： 本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语 Many buildings 是动作承受者，且动作发生在过去 (five years ago)，故用 were destroyed。 15. D 解析： don't have to 表示“不必”，是一种客观上的不需要。根据“现在没下雨”这一事实，得出“不必带伞”的结论。 二、完形填空 16. B flood 解析： 上文 a sudden heavy rain（突然的大雨）是导致 flood（洪水）的常见原因。 17. A blocked 解析： block 意为“堵塞、淹没”。洪水上涨，淹没 (blocked) 街道和房屋符合逻辑。destroyed（摧毁）程度过深，且后文提到一楼邻居只是离开，房屋未必被毁。 18. B safe 解析： 住在二楼比一楼更安全 (safe)，因此无需立即撤离。 19. B shelter 解析： shelter 意为“避难所”，政府在学校体育馆设立临时避难所是灾后常见安置措施。 20. A power 解析： power 此处指“电力”。洪水常导致断电 (The power was cut off)。 21. B help 解析： help 作动词，意为“帮助”。志愿者们前来提供帮助。rescue（救援）通常指更专业的、针对生命危险的营救。 22. B supplies 解析： supplies 常用复数，指“补给品、物资”，如食物、水等。 23. D rebuilding 解析： 洪水退去后，开始的是灾后 rebuilding（重建）工作。 24. B rebuild 解析： 与上题呼应，rebuild the damaged houses 意为“重建受损的房屋”。 25. B prepared 解析： be prepared 意为“做好准备”，是从这次经历中得出的教训：我们必须随时做好准备。 三、阅读理解 A 篇 26. C 解析： 文章第一句明确指出“Typhoon Rose hit the coastal city...”。 27. C 解析： 第一段直接给出数据“The wind speed reached 120 kilometers per hour.” 28. B 解析： 第二段提到“The government warned people to stay indoors.” 29. B 解析： 最后一句明确说明“no one was seriously hurt because people were well prepared.” 30. C 解析： 第三段提到“Workers fixed broken power lines.” B 篇 31. B 解析： 第一段明确指出“They can happen without warning and cause great damage.” 32. B 解析： 安全提示第一条：“If you are indoors, hide under a strong table or desk.” 33. A 解析： 文中对“aftershocks”用中文进行了注释“（余震）”，即主震后发生的小地震。 34. B 解析： 安全提示最后一条：“Listen to the radio or TV for official information and instructions.” 35. C 解析： 全文围绕地震安全知识展开，第二段“we can prepare for them”及后续的安全提示是文章核心。 C 篇 36. B 解析： 第一段主旨是自然灾害展示了自然的力量 (nature's power)，提醒人类并非全能。 37. B 解析： 第二段明确解释“because trees help to hold the soil and water.” 38. C 解析： 第三段提到“caused by human activities like burning too much fossil fuel”。 39. B 解析： 第四段列举的降低风险的行动包括“build stronger buildings in earthquake zones”。 40. B 解析： 文章最后一段是总结：理解自然、尊重自然、学习适应并采取行动降低风险。B 选项最全面地概括了这一点。 四、任务型阅读 41. kit 解析： 原文第一句“prepare an emergency kit”。 42. charged 解析： 原文“make sure your mobile phone is fully charged”。 43. indoors 解析： 原文“you should stay indoors”。 44. during 解析： 原文“During the typhoon, do not go outside”。此处需填入介词 during。 45. fallen 解析： 原文“fallen trees”。此处需填入形容词 fallen（倒下的）。 五、补全对话（参考答案） 46. Was it serious? / How serious was it? 解析： 针对地震新闻，询问严重程度是自然反应。 47. Were many people hurt? / Was anyone injured? 解析： 接着询问人员伤亡情况，体现关切。 48. What should we do / What can we do 解析： 对话转向安全知识，询问地震时应采取的行动。 49. And you must stay away from windows. / Don't run outside. 解析： 补充一条地震时的安全建议，需符合常识且与上文“躲在桌下”并列。 50. You should check for injuries. / Be careful of aftershocks. 解析： 回答震后注意事项，需基于文章B篇的安全提示或常识。 六、书面表达（范文参考） A Natural Disaster in Our City Last week, a severe typhoon hit our city. It brought strong winds and heavy rain. Many trees were blown down, and some old houses were damaged. The power was cut off in several areas for a whole day. During the typhoon, people stayed indoors as the government warned. After it passed, volunteers and workers helped to clear the streets and fix broken things quickly. From this event, I learned that natural disasters can be powerful and sudden. We must prepare an emergency kit at home and know the safety tips. We should also protect our environment to reduce such risks in the future. 写作要点： 1. 明确描述灾害类型（台风）及其影响（树倒、屋损、断电）。 2. 简述人们如何应对（听从警告、待 indoors；灾后清理修复）。 3. 写出个人感悟（认识自然力量、必须准备、学习安全知识、保护环境）。 4. 使用本单元词汇（typhoon, damaged, warned, prepare, safety tips, reduce risks）和句型（被动语态、情态动词）。 5. 结构清晰，字数达标。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $