内容正文:
Unit 1 Career talks
一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态
(时间:40分钟,满分:100分)
一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态
被动语态是由“助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的。
be 动词本身无词义,但有时态、人称和数的变化。
用法
1. 强调动作的承受者时
Mr. Green is respected by all of us.
2. 不必指出或不知动作的执行者时
Printing was introduced into Europe from China.
3. 动作的执行者是无生命的事物时
I was deeply impressed by the Great Wall.
结构(以动词 do 为例,过去分词为 done)
一般现在时的被动语态
am/ is/ are + done
Chinese is spoken by many people.
一般将来时的被动语态
will be done
A new library will be built next year.
am/ is/ are going to be + done
一、单项选择(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
1.The poster can be better designed if I ________ one more week.
A.give B.will give C.am given D.will be given
【答案】C
【详解】句意:如果再给我一周的时间,海报的设计会更好。
考查时态、语态。give“给”;从句主语I与动词give是被动关系,本句是if引导的条件状语从句,主句含有情态动词,从句用一般现在时,此处是一般现在时的被动语态,其谓语动词结构为“am/is /are+过去分词”,主语I,be动词形式用am;故选C。
2.It’s said that the school hall ________ this year because of not having enough money.
A.is built B.is not built C.will not build D.will be built
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——据说今年因为没有足够的钱学校礼堂不建了。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知,主语the school hall和动词build之间是被动关系,用被动语态be done,排除C;根据“because of not having enough money”可知今年不建礼堂了,用否定句,排除A和D。故选B。
3.—Will you come to the dinner party?
—I won’t come unless Hobo ________.
A.will be invited B.invites C.invited D.is invited
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你将要来参加晚宴吗?——如果Hobo 没有被邀请,我也不会来。
考查时态和语态。unless引导的条件状语从句,用一般现在时表示一般将来时,主语Hobo与谓语invite之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态,故选D。
4.We must be careful with the environment in wetlands. Because if it ________, repairing it will take many years.
A.is harmed B.will be harmed C.will harm D.has harmed
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们必须小心湿地的环境。因为如果它受到损害,修复它将需要很多年。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据题干可知,该句为含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句,根据“主将从现”原则,主句为一般将来时态,可知从句为一般现在时态;又知从句的主语it代指the environment in wetlands,是谓语动词harm的承受者,二者形成被动关系,故确定为被动语态,因此从句的谓语动词为一般现在时态的被动语态,其结构为is/am/are +过去分词,应填入is harmed;故选A。
5.The ground is ________ with snow.
A.covers B.covered C.covering D.cover
【答案】B
【详解】句意:地面被雪覆盖。
考查被动语态。covers单三式;covered过去分词;covering现在分词;cover动词原形。根据句意,主语和动词之间是动宾关系,故应用被动语态;结合is可知,应用一般现在时的被动语态,构成形式为:be done;cover的过去分词是covered。故选B。
6.Too much water________ every day in the world. We should save it.
A.wasted B.are wasted C.is wasted D.was wasted
【答案】C
【详解】句意:世界上每天都浪费太多的水,我们应该节约它。
考查动词。wasted浪费,waste的过去式;are wasted被浪费,说明主语是复数的情况;is wasted被浪费,说明主语是单数的情况;was wasted被浪费,用于过去式,说明主语是单数的情况。根据“every day”说明是一般现在时;根据“We should save it”可知,前句是说:太多的水被浪费。Too much water和动词waste构成被动关系。water是不可数名词,谓语动词用is。根据一般现在时的被动语态结构“主语+be+及物动词的过去分词”,故选C。
7.The gloves __________keep hands warm.
A.used to B.are used for C.are used to D.used for
【答案】C
【详解】句意:手套是用来保暖的。
考查被动语态。used to过去经常,以前常常(现在不做了);be used to doing习惯于做某事;be used to do sth.被用来做……;be used for表示被用来……;分析句子“The gloves ______keep hands warm.”手套 保暖的,所以是被用来,故选C。
8.We don’t allow smoking in the cinema. But you are allowed ______in the rest room.
A.smoking B.is smoking C.to smoke D.to smoking
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们不许在电影院吸烟。但是你可以在休息室吸烟。
考查固定搭配。smoke意为“吸烟”,smoking是其动词-ing形式,is smoking是现在进行时结构,to smoke是动词不定式结构,to smoking是干扰项,搭配错误,可排除。allow sb. to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“允许某人做某事”,题干是其被动语态结构:sb+be+allowed to do sth.故选C。
【点睛】allow的用法结构:
1. allow doing sth. 允许做某事
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
9.—My father works in Pukou. He spends much time driving home every day.
—Don’t worry about that. It’ll be easier when the Yangtze River Bridge .
A.repairs B.will repair C.is repaired D.will be repaired
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我爸爸在浦口工作。他每天花很多时间开车回家。——别担心。长江大桥修好后就容易多了。
考查动词语态辨析。when引导的时间状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,而Yangtze River Bridge是被修复repaired,需用被动结构;根据句意结构和语境,可知选C。
10.The ever-growing space explorations mean that more astronauts ______.
A.require B.was required C.required D.are required
【答案】D
【详解】句意:日益增长的太空探索活动意味着需要更多的宇航员。
本题主要考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意,日益增长的太空探索活动意味着需要更多的宇航员。在该句由 that 引导的宾语从句中,其主语为 astronauts(宇航员),宇航员是太空探索活动中被需要的对象,故使用被动语态。同时,主句谓语 mean 为动词原形,可推断主句时态为一般现在时,故从句时态也为一般现在时。故正确答案为D。
11.—A new recycling station ________ in our neighbourhood next month.
—Wow, that’s good news! It will become much cleaner.
A.is built B.isn’t built C.will be built D.won’t be built
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我们社区下个月将新建一个回收站。——哇,这是个好消息!环境会变得更干净。
考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“next month”可知,句子应用一般将来时;主语“a new recycling station”与动词build之间是被动关系,结合“Wow, that’s good news! It will become much cleaner.”可知此处表示肯定,因此用一般将来时的被动语态“will be built”。故选C。
12.The 2028 Olympic Games ________ in Los Angeles.
A.hold B.are held C.will hold D.will be held
【答案】D
【详解】句意:2028年奥运会将在洛杉矶举行。
考查时态和语态。主语The 2028 Olympic Games和动词hold之间是被动关系,且动作还未发生,故此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选D。
13.All the students ________ into different clubs according to their choices next term.
A.are separated B.separate C.will be separated D.will separate
【答案】C
【详解】句意:下学期,所有的学生将根据自己的选择被分到不同的社团。
考查被动语态。根据next term可知是一般将来时;主语students与谓语动词separate是动宾关系,故用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选C。
14.A lecture on traditional culture ________ in our school hall next week.
A.is given B.will give C.will be given D.was given
【答案】C
【详解】句意:下周我们学校礼堂将举办一场关于传统文化的讲座。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据时间状语“next week”可知,句子时态应为一般将来时:主语A lecture和动词give之间为被动关系,即“讲座被举办”,因此需用一般将来时的被动语态,谓语动词构成是will be done。故选C。
15.More trees _________ down if the government doesn’t take proper action.
A.will be cut B.will cut C.are cut D.cut
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果政府不采取适当的行动,更多的树木将被砍伐。
考查时态及语态。此句为if引导的条件状语从句,时态遵循 “主将从现”,主句用一般将来时,主语trees与cut是被动关系,应该用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选A。
16.We will ________ to do some voluntary work at this weekend.
A.expect B.be wished C.be hoped D.be expected
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们被期望在周末做一些志愿工作。
考查动词词义辨析和被动语态。expect期望;be wished为错误用法,“wish”作为动词时,通常用于表达主观愿望或希望,通常不用于被动语态;be hoped被希望,“hope”在被动语态中,通常以it作为形式主语,用动词不定式或者that引导的从句作为真实主语;be expected被期望。根据句意可知,“We”和“expect”之间存在被动关系,表示“我们被期望……”;根据“will ”可知,句子为一般将来时态。故选D。
17.If we drop litter in a public place, we __________ by the police.
A.fine B.fined C.are fined D.will be fined
【答案】D
【详解】句意:如果我们在公共场所乱扔垃圾,我们将被警察罚款。
考查条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句,采用“主将从现”,故选D。
18.Slam Dunk movie ________ hotly among movie fans when it was shown in cinemas two months ago.
A.discussed B.was discussed
C.will discuss D.will be discussed
【答案】B
【详解】句意:《灌篮高手》这部电影两个月前在影院上映时就引起了影迷们的热议。
考查被动语态。主语“Slam Dunk movie”与动词“discuss”是动宾关系,结合“ two months ago”可知此处是一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
19.Listen carefully before deciding who ________.
A.invites B.is invited C.will invite D.will be invited
【答案】D
【详解】句意:在决定邀请谁之前,请仔细听一听。
考查动词时态和语态。此处who和动词invite“邀请”是被动关系,所以用被动语态,排除A和C,由“Listen carefully before deciding who”可知,空缺处表示还未发生的动作,用一般将来时,故选D。
20.What action ________ to prevent accidents like this from now on?
A.takes B.was taken C.is taken D.will be taken
【答案】D
【详解】句意:从现在起,将采取什么行动来防止此类事故的发生?
考查一般将来时的被动语态。take action采取行动。选项A是第三人称单数形式;选项B是一般过去时被动语态;选项C是一般现在时被动语态;选项D是一般将来时被动语态。根据“ from now on”可知题干的时态是一般将来时,主语与谓语是动宾关系,因此用一般将来时的被动语态,其构成是will be+过去分词。take的过去分词是taken。故选D。
二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)
21.Sorry, you can’t go inside until your ID card (show) to us.
【答案】is shown
【详解】句意:对不起,在出示身份证之前,您不能进去。until引导的条件状语从句中的主语your ID card与谓语show之间是被动关系,根据语境可知,此处是一般现在时的被动语态be done,主语是第三人称单数,be动词用is。故填is shown。
22.We can watch a movie to relax after all our work is (do).
【答案】done
【详解】句意:做完所有的工作后,我们可以看电影放松一下。此处从句主语与谓语“do”是被动关系,因此需要过去分词构成被动语态,done符合句意,故填done。
23.The passage (write) in English. Can you understand it?
【答案】is written
【详解】句意:这篇文章是用英语写的。你能理解吗?主语The passange和谓语write之间是被动关系,此处描述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语是名词单数,be动词用is。故填is written。
24.The computer is (connect) to the TV through wires under the floor.
【答案】connected
【详解】句意:电脑通过地板下的电线与电视相连。connect“连接”,是动词。根据“The computer is...(connect) to the TV through wires under the floor.”可知,主语computer和connect是被动关系,空格处要用connect的过去分词connected,与is构成被动语态的结构。故填connected。
25.Luckily, many traditional art forms like Wuxi Opera (pass) on and stay alive.
【答案】are passed
【详解】句意:幸运的是,许多传统艺术形式,如锡剧,得以传承并存活下来。根据语境,主语“art forms”与动词短语“pass on”为动宾关系,故应用被动语态,根据“stay”提示,此处应用一般现在时的被动语态,且be动词应用are。故填are passed。
26.Lost time will never (find) again.
【答案】be found
【详解】句意:时间一去不回头。time和find之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,结构是be done,will后接动词原形。故填be found。
27.More books (donate) to this school next term.
【答案】will be donated/are going to be donated
【详解】句意:下学期将有更多的书捐赠给这所学校。根据“next term”可知此句时态是一般将来时,用“will do sth.”或者“be going to do sth.”结构,而“more books”和“donate”是动宾关系,应该用被动语态。故填will/are going to be donated。
28.A new type of printer (sell) in Nanjing soon.
【答案】will be sold
【详解】句意:一种新型打印机不久之后会在南京售卖。sell卖,动词,根据“soon”可知句子用一般将来时,主语printer和谓语sell之间是被动关系,用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故填will be sold。
29.The new rules say people (fine) if they don’t obey traffic rules when crossing the road.
【答案】will be fined
【详解】句意:新规定说如果过马路时不遵守交通规则,人们会被罚款。fine罚款,动词,if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”,主句用一般将来时,主语people和谓语fine是被动关系,故此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故填will be fined。
30.The waste (separate) into different groups before being thrown into the rubbish bin.
【答案】will be separated
【详解】句意:这些废物将被分成不同的类别,然后再扔进垃圾箱。The waste废物,是主语,separate分离,是动词,与主语之间构成被动关系,根据语境,句子使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be separated。
三、完成句子(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分)
31.邮票被用来寄东西。
Stamps are sending things.
【答案】 used for
【详解】be used for doing sth表示“被用来做某事”,固定短语;be动词are后需填过去分词,表被动;动名词sending前需填介词for。故填used;for。
32.它们由竹子制成,并用纸覆盖。
They are bamboo and paper.
【答案】 made of covered with
【详解】be made of“由……制成”,表示能看出原材料;be covered with“用……覆盖”。故填made;of;covered;with。
33.通常电视节目先被录制,然后发送出去。
Usually TV programmes first and sent out later.
【答案】 are recorded
【详解】根据英汉对照可知,空格处填“被录制”,record“录制”。由语境和“Usually”可知,此句是一般现在时的被动语态(be done),主语“TV programmes”是复数,be动词用are,record的过去分词是recorded。故填are;recorded。
34.这个房间里堆满了书。
This room is books.
【答案】 full/filled of/with
【详解】空处缺少“堆满”的表达,可用短语be full of/be filled with表示,故填full/filled;of/with。
35.昨天下了大雪,现在道路被大雪覆盖着。
Yesterday it snowed heavily. Now the roads snow.
【答案】 are covered with
【详解】被……覆盖:be covered with;根据“Now”可知句子使用一般现在时,主语是the roads,be动词用are。故填are;covered;with。
36.更多的衣服和书本将会提供给贫困地区的儿童。
More clothes and books to the children .
【答案】 will be provided in poor areas
【详解】给某人提供某物:provide sth to sb;贫困地区:in poor areas;根据“More clothes and books”和“provide”可知,是被动关系,结合中文提示,是一般将来时的被动语态,结构是will be done;故填will be provided;in poor areas。
37.关于如何节约水的方法将在演出中被讨论。
Ways about how to at the show.
【答案】 save water will be discussed
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处表达的意思是“关于节约用水的……将被讨论”,save water“节约用水”,根据中文意思可知,该句使用一般将来时的被动语态,结构是will be done,discuss“讨论”,故填save;water;will;be;discussed。
38.两个月后,我校一栋新的教学楼将完工。
A new teaching building in our school two months later.
【答案】 will be completed
【详解】根据中英文可知,此处空对应的中文为“将完工”,本句为一般将来时,使用will+动词原形,主语和谓语之间为被动关系,使用被动语态,结构为will be done,complete“完成”,过去分词为completed。故填will;be;completed。
39.如果我们在公共场所扔垃圾,我们会被警察罚款。
If we drop litter in a public place, we by the police.
【答案】 will be fined
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空格处填“会被罚款”,由句子结构可知,If引导的条件状语从句中使用了一般现在时态,主句应用将来时;fine“罚款”,是一个动词。主语“we”与动词构成被动关系,应使用被动语态,will be+过去分词。故填will;be;fined。
40.这本书会尽快翻译成英语吗?
Will the book soon?
【答案】 be translated into English
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,本句缺少“翻译成英语”,固定短语translate...into...“把……翻译成……”;English“英语”,名词。主语“the book”和谓语动词“translate”是被动关系,此处应用被动语态;又根据“Will the book...”可知,此句时态是一般将来时,需用一般将来时的被动语态,其结构为:will be+过去分词,translate的过去分词为“translated”。故填be;translated;into;English。
试卷第1页,共3页
试卷第1页,共3页
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
Unit 1 Career talks
一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态
(时间:40分钟,满分:100分)
一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态
被动语态是由“助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的。
be 动词本身无词义,但有时态、人称和数的变化。
用法
1. 强调动作的承受者时
Mr. Green is respected by all of us.
2. 不必指出或不知动作的执行者时
Printing was introduced into Europe from China.
3. 动作的执行者是无生命的事物时
I was deeply impressed by the Great Wall.
结构(以动词 do 为例,过去分词为 done)
一般现在时的被动语态
am/ is/ are + done
Chinese is spoken by many people.
一般将来时的被动语态
will be done
A new library will be built next year.
am/ is/ are going to be + done
一、单项选择(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
1.The poster can be better designed if I ________ one more week.
A.give B.will give C.am given D.will be given
2.It’s said that the school hall ________ this year because of not having enough money.
A.is built B.is not built C.will not build D.will be built
3.—Will you come to the dinner party?
—I won’t come unless Hobo ________.
A.will be invited B.invites C.invited D.is invited
4.We must be careful with the environment in wetlands. Because if it ________, repairing it will take many years.
A.is harmed B.will be harmed C.will harm D.has harmed
5.The ground is ________ with snow.
A.covers B.covered C.covering D.cover
6.Too much water________ every day in the world. We should save it.
A.wasted B.are wasted C.is wasted D.was wasted
7.The gloves __________keep hands warm.
A.used to B.are used for C.are used to D.used for
8.We don’t allow smoking in the cinema. But you are allowed ______in the rest room.
A.smoking B.is smoking C.to smoke D.to smoking
9.—My father works in Pukou. He spends much time driving home every day.
—Don’t worry about that. It’ll be easier when the Yangtze River Bridge .
A.repairs B.will repair C.is repaired D.will be repaired
10.The ever-growing space explorations mean that more astronauts ______.
A.require B.was required C.required D.are required
11.—A new recycling station ________ in our neighbourhood next month.
—Wow, that’s good news! It will become much cleaner.
A.is built B.isn’t built C.will be built D.won’t be built
12.The 2028 Olympic Games ________ in Los Angeles.
A.hold B.are held C.will hold D.will be held
13.All the students ________ into different clubs according to their choices next term.
A.are separated B.separate C.will be separated D.will separate
14.A lecture on traditional culture ________ in our school hall next week.
A.is given B.will give C.will be given D.was given
15.More trees _________ down if the government doesn’t take proper action.
A.will be cut B.will cut C.are cut D.cut
16.We will ________ to do some voluntary work at this weekend.
A.expect B.be wished C.be hoped D.be expected
17.If we drop litter in a public place, we __________ by the police.
A.fine B.fined C.are fined D.will be fined
18.Slam Dunk movie ________ hotly among movie fans when it was shown in cinemas two months ago.
A.discussed B.was discussed
C.will discuss D.will be discussed
19.Listen carefully before deciding who ________.
A.invites B.is invited C.will invite D.will be invited
20.What action ________ to prevent accidents like this from now on?
A.takes B.was taken C.is taken D.will be taken
二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)
21.Sorry, you can’t go inside until your ID card (show) to us.
22.We can watch a movie to relax after all our work is (do).
23.The passage (write) in English. Can you understand it?
24.The computer is (connect) to the TV through wires under the floor.
25.Luckily, many traditional art forms like Wuxi Opera (pass) on and stay alive.
26.Lost time will never (find) again.
27.More books (donate) to this school next term.
28.A new type of printer (sell) in Nanjing soon.
29.The new rules say people (fine) if they don’t obey traffic rules when crossing the road.
30.The waste (separate) into different groups before being thrown into the rubbish bin.
三、完成句子(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分)
31.邮票被用来寄东西。
Stamps are sending things.
32.它们由竹子制成,并用纸覆盖。
They are bamboo and paper.
33.通常电视节目先被录制,然后发送出去。
Usually TV programmes first and sent out later.
34.这个房间里堆满了书。
This room is books.
35.昨天下了大雪,现在道路被大雪覆盖着。
Yesterday it snowed heavily. Now the roads snow.
36.更多的衣服和书本将会提供给贫困地区的儿童。
More clothes and books to the children .
37.关于如何节约水的方法将在演出中被讨论。
Ways about how to at the show.
38.两个月后,我校一栋新的教学楼将完工。
A new teaching building in our school two months later.
39.如果我们在公共场所扔垃圾,我们会被警察罚款。
If we drop litter in a public place, we by the police.
40.这本书会尽快翻译成英语吗?
Will the book soon?
试卷第1页,共3页
试卷第1页,共3页
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$