Unit 4 单词系统讲解 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

译林英语八上Unit4单词系统讲解 (按教材单词表顺序) 1. mooncake / mu nke k/ n. 月饼 核心搭配:eat mooncakes 吃月饼;traditional mooncakes 传统月饼;a box of mooncakes 一盒月饼 重点考点:可数名词,由moon + cake构成;与中秋节相关的传统食品 经典例句: We usually eat mooncakes on Mid-Autumn Festival.(我们通常在中秋节吃月饼。) My grandma made some delicious mooncakes this year.(我奶奶今年做了一些美味的月饼。) 2. shelf / elf/ n. (pl. shelves) 架子 核心搭配:on the shelf 在架子上;a book shelf 书架;put sth on the shelf 把某物放在架子上 重点考点:可数名词,复数形式为shelves;注意名词变复数的特殊变化 经典例句: There are many books on the shelf.(架子上有很多书。) She put the vase back on the shelf carefully.(她小心地把花瓶放回架子上。) 3. rose /r z/ n. 玫瑰(花) 核心搭配:a red rose 红玫瑰;rose garden 玫瑰园;send sb roses 送某人玫瑰 重点考点:可数名词;既是名词“玫瑰”,也是动词rise的过去式,注意区分词性和词义 经典例句: He gave his mother a bunch of roses on Mother’s Day.(母亲节他送给妈妈一束玫瑰。) The sun rose early this morning.(今天早上太阳升起得很早。) 4. coloured paper / k l d pe p (r)/ n. 彩纸 核心搭配:use coloured paper 使用彩纸;make crafts with coloured paper 用彩纸做手工;coloured paper strips 彩纸条 重点考点:不可数名词短语;coloured表示“有颜色的”,区别于colorful(色彩丰富的) 经典例句: We need some coloured paper to make greeting cards.(我们需要一些彩纸来制作贺卡。) She cut the coloured paper into different shapes.(她把彩纸剪成不同的形状。) 5. tape /te p/ n. 胶带;v. 用胶带粘贴 核心搭配:sellotape 透明胶带;tape a poster 粘贴海报;a roll of tape 一卷胶带 重点考点:作名词时表“胶带”,作动词时表“用胶带粘贴”;固定短语tape sth up表示“用胶带把某物粘好” 经典例句: Please use tape to fix the broken window.(请用胶带把破窗户粘好。) I need a roll of tape to wrap the gift.(我需要一卷胶带包装礼物。) 6. glue / lu / n. 胶,胶水;v. (用胶水)黏合,粘贴 核心搭配:liquid glue 液体胶水;glue sth together 把某物粘在一起;strong glue 强力胶水 重点考点:作名词时不可数,作动词时后接名词/代词;固定搭配glue sth to sth表示“把某物粘在某物上” 经典例句: Use glue to stick the two pieces of paper together.(用胶水把两张纸粘在一起。) I ran out of glue, so I need to buy some more.(我的胶水用完了,需要再买一些。) 7. fold /f ld/ vt. 折叠 核心搭配:fold the clothes 叠衣服;fold a paper plane 折纸飞机;fold up 折叠起来 重点考点:动词,后接名词/代词;反义词为unfold(展开);固定短语fold up表示“折叠起来” 经典例句: Please fold your clothes and put them in the wardrobe.(请把衣服叠好放进衣柜。) She folded the letter carefully and put it in an envelope.(她小心地把信折好放进信封。) 8. complete /k m pli t/ adj. 完成,结束;全部的;v. 完成 核心搭配:a complete set 一整套;complete the task 完成任务;complete silence 完全安静 重点考点:作形容词时表“全部的、完整的”,作动词时表“完成”;派生词为completion n. 完成 经典例句: The project will be complete by the end of this month.(这个项目将在月底完成。) He needs two more days to complete the report.(他还需要两天来完成这份报告。) 9. DIY / di a wa / n. (=do-it-yourself) 自己动手 核心搭配:DIY project 手工项目;DIY furniture 自制家具;learn DIY skills 学习手工技能 重点考点:缩写词,全称是do-it-yourself;常用来表示“自己动手制作”的活动或物品 经典例句: She enjoys DIY and often makes decorations for her room.(她喜欢自己动手,经常给房间做装饰。) This DIY shelf is made of old wooden boards.(这个自制架子是用旧木板做的。) 10. crazy / kre zi/ adj. 狂热的,迷恋的;疯狂的 核心搭配:be crazy about 对……着迷;go crazy 发疯;crazy idea 疯狂的想法 重点考点:形容词,固定搭配be crazy about表示“对……狂热/迷恋”;派生词为craziness n. 疯狂 经典例句: He is crazy about playing basketball.(他对打篮球很着迷。) It’s a crazy idea to climb the mountain in such bad weather.(在这么恶劣的天气爬山是个疯狂的想法。) 11. born /b n/ adj. 天生的 核心搭配:be born with 天生具有;be born in 出生于;a born leader 天生的领导者 重点考点:形容词,常用搭配be born with表示“天生具有某种特质”;注意born是bear的过去分词,仅用于被动语态 经典例句: She was born with a good sense of music.(她天生具有良好的乐感。) He was born in a small village in 1990.(他1990年出生在一个小村庄。) 12. handyman / h ndim n/ n. (pl. handymen) 手巧的人 核心搭配:a skilled handyman 手艺精湛的手巧人;call a handyman 找一个手巧的人;handyman skills 手工技能 重点考点:可数名词,复数形式为handymen;指“擅长修理、手工的人” 经典例句: My uncle is a handyman who can fix almost anything.(我叔叔是个手巧的人,几乎什么都能修。) We need a handyman to repair the broken fence.(我们需要一个手巧的人来修理破栅栏。) 13. mistake /m ste k/ n. 错误;v. 误解 核心搭配:make a mistake 犯错误;correct a mistake 纠正错误;by mistake 错误地 重点考点:作名词时可数,作动词时表“误解”;固定短语by mistake表示“错误地” 经典例句: Don’t be afraid of making mistakes when learning English.(学英语时不要害怕犯错。) I mistook her for my sister because they look very similar.(我把她错当成我妹妹了,因为她们长得很像。) 14. power cut / pa k t/ n. 断电,停电 核心搭配:have a power cut 停电;during a power cut 停电期间;a sudden power cut 突然停电 重点考点:固定短语,cut在此处表示“中断”;power表示“电力”;同义短语为power outage 经典例句: We had a power cut last night, so we lit some candles.(昨晚停电了,所以我们点了一些蜡烛。) The power cut lasted for three hours.(停电持续了三个小时。) 15. pipe /pa p/ n. 管道,管子 核心搭配:water pipe 水管;gas pipe 燃气管;burst pipe 爆裂的管道 重点考点:可数名词;常与water/gas等词搭配,表示不同类型的管道 经典例句: The water pipe burst because of the cold weather.(水管因为寒冷天气爆裂了。) We need to replace the old pipes in the house.(我们需要更换房子里的旧管道。) 16. fill…with /f l w / 使……充满 核心搭配:fill the glass with water 把杯子装满水;fill the room with laughter 房间里充满笑声;fill sb with hope 使某人充满希望 重点考点:固定短语,fill是及物动词,后接宾语+with+填充的内容;同义短语为be filled with(被动形式) 经典例句: She filled the bottle with milk.(她把瓶子装满了牛奶。) The room is filled with the smell of fresh flowers.(房间里充满了鲜花的香味。) 17. unlucky / n l ki/ adj. 不幸的,不顺利的 核心搭配:unlucky day 倒霉的一天;be unlucky to do sth 不幸做某事;unlucky number 不吉利的数字 重点考点:形容词,由前缀un-+lucky构成;反义词为lucky;派生词为unluckily adv. 不幸地 经典例句: He was unlucky to miss the last bus.(他不幸错过了最后一班公交车。) It’s unlucky to break a mirror, according to the old saying.(根据老话,打破镜子是不吉利的。) 18. instead / n sted/ adv. 反而 核心搭配:instead of 代替;go instead 代替去;do sth instead 反而做某事 重点考点:副词,常位于句末或句首;固定短语instead of后接名词/代词/动名词,表示“代替……” 经典例句: He didn’t go to the party. Instead, he stayed at home.(他没去派对,反而待在家里。) You can use milk instead of cream in this recipe.(这个食谱里你可以用牛奶代替奶油。) 19. course /k s/ n. 课程;过程 核心搭配:take a course 修一门课;a language course 语言课程;of course 当然 重点考点:可数名词,表“课程”时可数,表“过程”时不可数;固定短语of course表示“当然” 经典例句: She is taking a cooking course at the community centre.(她正在社区中心上烹饪课。) Of course I will help you with your homework.(我当然会帮你做作业。) 20. mess /mes/ n. 杂乱,不整洁;v. 弄乱 核心搭配:in a mess 乱七八糟;make a mess 弄乱;clear up the mess 清理杂乱 重点考点:作名词时表“杂乱”,作动词时表“弄乱”;固定短语in a mess表示“处于杂乱状态” 经典例句: Your room is in a mess. Please tidy it up.(你的房间乱七八糟,请整理一下。) The children made a mess in the kitchen.(孩子们把厨房弄乱了。) 21. lamp /l mp/ n. 灯 核心搭配:table lamp 台灯;floor lamp 落地灯;turn on the lamp 开灯 重点考点:可数名词;常与table/floor等词搭配,表示不同类型的灯 经典例句: She turned on the lamp and began to read.(她打开台灯开始看书。) The lamp on the desk is very beautiful.(桌子上的台灯很漂亮。) 22. catch one’s eye /k t w nz a / 引起某人注意 核心搭配:catch my eye 引起我的注意;catch the teacher’s eye 引起老师的注意;a poster that catches the eye 引人注目的海报 重点考点:固定短语,eye在此处表示“注意力”;同义短语为draw one’s attention 经典例句: A beautiful painting on the wall caught my eye.(墙上一幅漂亮的画引起了我的注意。) Her bright dress caught everyone’s eye at the party.(她鲜艳的裙子在派对上吸引了所有人的注意。) 23. surprised /s pra zd/ adj. 惊奇的,感到意外的 核心搭配:be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊讶;be surprised to do sth 惊讶地做某事;look surprised 看起来很惊讶 重点考点:形容词,修饰人;区别于surprising(修饰事物,表“令人惊讶的”);派生词为surprise n. 惊讶 经典例句: I was surprised to hear that he won the competition.(听到他赢得比赛的消息我很惊讶。) She looked surprised when I told her the news.(我告诉她这个消息时,她看起来很惊讶。) 24. impossible / m p s bl/ adj. 不可能的 核心搭配:it is impossible to do sth 做某事是不可能的;impossible task 不可能完成的任务;almost impossible 几乎不可能 重点考点:形容词,由前缀im-+possible构成;反义词为possible;派生词为impossibility n. 不可能 经典例句: It is impossible to finish the work in one hour.(一小时内完成这项工作是不可能的。) Nothing is impossible if you try your best.(只要你努力,没有什么是不可能的。) 25. paint /pe nt/ n. 油漆;绘画颜料;v. 绘画;刷漆 核心搭配:oil paint 油画颜料;paint a picture 画画;paint the wall 刷墙 重点考点:作名词时不可数(表“油漆/颜料”),作动词时表“绘画/刷漆”;派生词为painter n. 画家;painting n. 绘画 经典例句: She bought some paint to decorate her room.(她买了一些油漆来装饰房间。) He painted a beautiful landscape last weekend.(上周末他画了一幅漂亮的风景画。) 26. can /k n/ n. 金属容器,塑料容器 核心搭配:a can of cola 一罐可乐;food can 食品罐;empty can 空罐子 重点考点:可数名词,表“罐子”;同时是情态动词,表“能够”,注意区分词性和词义 经典例句: I bought a can of beans from the supermarket.(我从超市买了一罐豆子。) You can use this can to store cookies.(你可以用这个罐子装饼干。) 27. everywhere / evriwe (r)/ adv. & pron. 到处 核心搭配:look everywhere 到处找;everywhere we go 我们去的每个地方;be everywhere 到处都是 重点考点:副词或代词,表“到处”;同义短语为here and there 经典例句: I looked everywhere for my keys, but I couldn’t find them.(我到处找我的钥匙,但没找到。) There are flowers everywhere in the park.(公园里到处都是花。) 28. chalk /t k/ n. 粉笔 核心搭配:a piece of chalk 一支粉笔;write with chalk 用粉笔写;coloured chalk 彩色粉笔 重点考点:不可数名词,表“粉笔”;表示“一支粉笔”时用a piece of chalk 经典例句: The teacher wrote on the blackboard with chalk.(老师用粉笔在黑板上写字。) Please give me a piece of chalk.(请给我一支粉笔。) 29. mark /m k/ n. 标记;分数;v. 标记;打分 核心搭配:a mark on the wall 墙上的标记;get high marks 得高分;mark the important points 标记重点 重点考点:作名词时表“标记/分数”,作动词时表“标记/打分”;固定短语mark sth out表示“标出某物” 经典例句: He got full marks in the math test.(他数学考试得了满分。) Please mark the new words in the text.(请标记课文中的生词。) 30. brush /br / n. 刷子;画笔;v. 刷;画 核心搭配:toothbrush 牙刷;paintbrush 画笔;brush the teeth 刷牙 重点考点:作名词时可数,作动词时表“刷/画”;固定短语brush up表示“温习,提高” 经典例句: She used a brush to paint the picture.(她用画笔画了这幅画。) You should brush your teeth twice a day.(你应该每天刷两次牙。) 31. instructions / n str k nz/ n. [pl.] 用法说明 核心搭配:follow the instructions 按照说明做;read the instructions 阅读说明;operating instructions 操作说明 重点考点:可数名词复数,表“说明、指南”;单数形式为instruction,但常用复数形式 经典例句: Please read the instructions before using the machine.(使用机器前请阅读说明。) The instructions are very clear and easy to follow.(说明非常清晰,容易遵循。) 32. dangerous / de nd r s/ adj. 危险的 核心搭配:dangerous situation 危险的情况;be dangerous to do sth 做某事很危险;dangerous animal 危险的动物 重点考点:形容词,派生词为danger n. 危险;反义词为safe;固定短语be dangerous to sb表示“对某人有危险” 经典例句: It’s dangerous to swim in the river.(在河里游泳很危险。) Tigers are dangerous animals.(老虎是危险的动物。) 33. usual / ju u l/ adj. 通常的,寻常的 核心搭配:as usual 像往常一样;usual time 平常的时间;usual way 通常的方式 重点考点:形容词,固定短语as usual表示“像往常一样”;派生词为usually adv. 通常 经典例句: As usual, he got up early and went to work.(像往常一样,他早起去上班。) It’s usual for him to take a walk after dinner.(他晚饭后散步是很平常的事。) 34. tie-dye / ta da / vt. 扎染(织物) 核心搭配:tie-dye T-shirt 扎染T恤;learn to tie-dye 学习扎染;tie-dye fabric 扎染布料 重点考点:动词,由tie(系)+ dye(染)构成;也可作名词,表示“扎染工艺/扎染织物” 经典例句: She learned to tie-dye clothes in her art class.(她在美术课上学习了扎染衣服。) This tie-dye scarf is very beautiful.(这条扎染围巾很漂亮。) 35. twist /tw st/ vt. 使扭曲,使弯曲 核心搭配:twist the rope 扭绳子;twist one’s ankle 扭伤脚踝;twist into shape 扭成形状 重点考点:动词,后接名词/代词;派生词为twist n. 扭曲;固定短语twist sth into表示“把某物扭成……形状” 经典例句: He twisted the wire into a circle.(他把铁丝扭成了一个圆圈。) She twisted her ankle when she fell down.(她摔倒时扭伤了脚踝。) 36. cloth /kl / n. 布料,织物 核心搭配:cotton cloth 棉布;a piece of cloth 一块布料;clean with a cloth 用布清洁 重点考点:不可数名词,表“布料”;表示“一块布料”时用a piece of cloth;区别于clothes(衣服,复数名词) 经典例句: She bought some cloth to make a dress.(她买了一些布料做连衣裙。) Use a clean cloth to wipe the table.(用一块干净的布擦桌子。) 37. tie /ta / vt. (用线、绳等)系,拴,绑;n. 领带 核心搭配:tie a knot 打结;tie the dog to the tree 把狗拴在树上;wear a tie 戴领带 重点考点:作动词时表“系、拴”,作名词时表“领带”;固定短语tie up表示“捆紧,绑好” 经典例句: Please tie the box with a rope.(请用绳子把盒子绑好。) He wore a blue tie to the meeting.(他戴了一条蓝色领带去开会。) 38. thread / red/ n. 线 核心搭配:cotton thread 棉线;sewing thread 缝纫线;a spool of thread 一卷线 重点考点:不可数名词,表“线”;表示“一卷线”时用a spool of thread;固定短语thread a needle表示“穿针” 经典例句: She used a needle and thread to mend the clothes.(她用针和线缝补衣服。) I need a spool of thread to sew the button.(我需要一卷线来缝纽扣。) 39. dye /da / vt. 给……染色,染;n. 染料,染液 核心搭配:dye hair 染发;dye cloth 染布料;black dye 黑色染料 重点考点:作动词时表“染色”,作名词时表“染料”;过去式/过去分词为dyed;固定短语dye sth + 颜色表示“把某物染成某种颜色” 经典例句: She dyed her hair brown.(她把头发染成了棕色。) We need some red dye to colour the fabric.(我们需要一些红色染料给布料上色。) 40. untie / n ta / vt. 解开 核心搭配:untie the knot 解开结;untie the rope 解开绳子;untie the package 解开包裹 重点考点:动词,由前缀un-+tie构成;反义词为tie;固定短语untie sth from sth表示“把某物从某物上解开” 经典例句: Please untie the rope and let the dog go.(请解开绳子放狗走。) She untied the package and took out the gift.(她解开包裹拿出了礼物。) 41. method / me d/ n. 方法 核心搭配:a new method 新方法;teaching method 教学方法;method of doing sth 做某事的方法 重点考点:可数名词,表“方法”;区别于way(更口语化)和means(侧重“手段”) 经典例句: This method is very effective for learning English.(这种方法对学习英语很有效。) We need to find a better method to solve the problem.(我们需要找到更好的方法来解决这个问题。) 42. product / pr d kt/ n. 产品 核心搭配:new product 新产品;agricultural product 农产品;product quality 产品质量 重点考点:可数名词,表“产品”;派生词为produce v. 生产;production n. 生产 经典例句: The company launched a new product last month.(公司上个月推出了一款新产品。) This product is very popular among young people.(这款产品很受年轻人欢迎。) 43. not only… but also… /n t nli b t ls / 不仅……而且…… 核心搭配:not only… but also…连接两个并列成分(名词、动词、句子等);not only位于句首时,句子需部分倒装 重点考点:固定连词短语,连接的成分需保持一致;当连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则” 经典例句: He is not only a teacher but also a writer.(他不仅是一名教师,还是一名作家。) Not only did he finish his work, but also he helped others.(他不仅完成了自己的工作,还帮助了别人。) 44. workshop / w k p/ n. 作坊;研讨会 核心搭配:woodworking workshop 木工作坊;art workshop 艺术作坊;hold a workshop 举办研讨会 重点考点:可数名词,可指“手工作坊”或“研讨会”;由work + shop构成 经典例句: He has a small workshop where he makes furniture.(他有一个小作坊,在那里制作家具。) We will hold a workshop on environmental protection next week.(下周我们将举办一个关于环境保护的研讨会。) 45. dry /dra / vi. & vt. (使)变干;(把……)弄干;adj. 干的 核心搭配:dry the clothes 晾干衣服;dry up 干涸;dry weather 干燥的天气 重点考点:作动词时表“使变干”,作形容词时表“干的”;反义词为wet;固定短语dry up表示“干涸,干透” 经典例句: Please dry your hands with a towel.(请用毛巾擦干手。) The river dried up during the drought.(干旱期间河流干涸了。) 46. pattern / p tn/ n. 图案;模式 核心搭配:flower pattern 花卉图案;pattern of behaviour 行为模式;design a pattern 设计图案 重点考点:可数名词,表“图案”或“模式”;固定短语pattern sth on sth表示“仿照某物制作图案” 经典例句: The dress has a beautiful pattern of butterflies.(这条连衣裙有漂亮的蝴蝶图案。) We need to change our pattern of working to improve efficiency.(我们需要改变工作模式来提高效率。) 47. roll /r l/ n. 卷;管;v. 滚动;卷起 核心搭配:a roll of paper 一卷纸;roll up 卷起;roll down 滚下 重点考点:作名词时表“卷/管”,作动词时表“滚动/卷起”;固定短语roll up表示“卷起(袖子、裤脚等)” 经典例句: She bought a roll of wrapping paper for the gift.(她买了一卷包装纸包礼物。) He rolled up his sleeves and started to work.(他卷起袖子开始工作。) 48. reduce /r dju s/ vt. & vi. 减少 核心搭配:reduce waste 减少浪费;reduce the price 降价;reduce by 减少了…… 重点考点:动词,后接名词/代词;派生词为reduction n. 减少;固定短语reduce sth to sth表示“把某物减少到……” 经典例句: We should reduce the use of plastic bags to protect the environment.(我们应该减少塑料袋的使用来保护环境。) The company reduced the price of its products by 10%.(公司把产品价格降低了10%。) 49. waste /we st/ n. 浪费;废料;v. 浪费;adj. 废弃的 核心搭配:a waste of time 浪费时间;waste water 废水;waste food 浪费食物 重点考点:作名词时表“浪费/废料”,作动词时表“浪费”,作形容词时表“废弃的”;固定短语waste time doing sth表示“浪费时间做某事” 经典例句: It’s a waste of time to watch TV all day.(整天看电视是浪费时间。) Don’t waste food—there are many hungry people in the world.(不要浪费食物——世界上有很多饥饿的人。) 50. joy /d / n. 高兴;乐趣 核心搭配:full of joy 充满喜悦;to one’s joy 令某人高兴的是;joy of life 生活的乐趣 重点考点:不可数名词,表“高兴/乐趣”;派生词为joyful adj. 高兴的;固定短语to one’s joy表示“令某人高兴的是” 经典例句: Tears of joy ran down her face when she heard the news.(听到这个消息,她喜极而泣。) To my joy, I passed the exam.(令我高兴的是,我通过了考试。) 51. glove / l v/ n. 手套 核心搭配:a pair of gloves 一副手套;winter gloves 冬季手套;rubber gloves 橡胶手套 重点考点:可数名词,通常用复数形式gloves;表示“一副手套”时用a pair of gloves 经典例句: You need to wear gloves when you go out in winter.(冬天出门时你需要戴手套。) She bought a pair of leather gloves for her father.(她给爸爸买了一副皮手套。) 52. finger / f (r)/ n. (手套的)指部;手指 核心搭配:index finger 食指;middle finger 中指;finger print 指纹 重点考点:可数名词,表“手指”;固定短语keep one’s fingers crossed表示“祈求好运” 经典例句: He cut his finger when he was cooking.(他做饭时切到了手指。) I kept my fingers crossed that I would get the job.(我祈求能得到这份工作。) 53. button / b tn/ n. 纽扣;按钮 核心搭配:shirt button 衬衫纽扣;press the button 按按钮;a coat button 外套纽扣 重点考点:可数名词,表“纽扣”或“按钮”;固定短语button up表示“扣上纽扣” 经典例句: Please button up your coat—it’s cold outside.(请扣上外套纽扣——外面很冷。) Press the red button to start the machine.(按红色按钮启动机器。) 54. onto / nt ; nt / prep. 到…上,向…上 核心搭配:jump onto the table 跳到桌子上;put the book onto the shelf 把书放到架子上;climb onto the roof 爬到屋顶上 重点考点:介词,表“到……上面”;区别于on(在……上面,表状态);onto强调“从一处到另一处的动作” 经典例句: The cat jumped onto the windowsill.(猫跳到了窗台上。) He lifted the box onto the truck.(他把箱子抬到了卡车上。) ( 1 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $