Unit 1 When was he born（语法填空专练）英语鲁教版五四学制八年级下册

Unit 1 When was he born? 语法填空专练 话题：人与社会—著名人物 基础篇 01 Ernest Hemingway, the son of a doctor and a music teacher, was born in 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois. Hemingway’s father taught him early on how to hunt and fish, two activities Hemingway loved throughout 1 (he) life. Instead of going to college, Hemingway 2 (become) a reporter for the Kansas City Star. Later, in Europe, he worked as a driver 3 the Italian army until he was wounded and shipped home, where he again wrote for newspapers. Two years 4 (late), he moved to Paris, where he hoped to improve his writing. There he became friends with other 5 (America) writers, including Gertrude Stein and F. Scott Fitzgerald. Hemingway developed 6 style of writing that was simple and direct. He chose words sparingly (俭省地), avoided using adjectives, and trusted the 7 (read) to understand the meaning of his writing. As he put it, “I always try to write on the principle (原则) of the iceberg (冰山). There is seven eighths of it under water for every part that shows.” This style continues to influence writers today. In his career (生涯), which lasted some 40 years, Hemingway earned the Pulitzer Prize 8 the Nobel Prize. He was one of the finest writers of the twentieth century. For a while Ernest Hemingway lived in Key West, Florida, where he had nearly 50 cats. One of them was a cat with six toes (脚趾), which a captain had given him. Today his Key West home is a museum, and many cats still 9 (live) there. Some of them are 10 (child) of Hemingway’s six-toed cat. Hemingway was married four times and had three sons. He died in 1961. 【答案】 1．his 2．became 3．for/in 4．later 5．American 6．а 7．readers/reader 8．and 9．live 10．children 【导语】本文主要介绍了美国著名作家欧内斯特·海明威的生平经历、独特的写作风格、成就以及他与猫的趣事。 1．句意：海明威的父亲很早就教他如何打猎和钓鱼，这两项活动是海明威一生都热爱的。根据“throughout…life”可知，此处修饰名词life，表示“他的一生”，应用形容词性物主代词his。故填his。 2．句意：海明威没有上大学，而是成为了《堪萨斯城星报》的一名记者。根据时间状语“Later, in Europe, he worked as a driver…”以及全文讲述过去的事情可知，时态为一般过去时。become“成为”的过去式为became。故填became。 3．句意：后来在欧洲，他担任意大利军队的司机，直到受伤并被送回国，回国后他再次为报社撰稿。根据“worked as a driver…the Italian army”可知，此处指“在意大利军队里当司机”或“为意大利军队当司机”。介词in“在……里”或for“为……服务”均符合语境。故填for/in。 4．句意：两年后，他搬到了巴黎，希望在那里提升自己的写作水平。根据“Two years…”可知，此处表示两年后，“时间段+later”意为“……之后”。故填later。 5．句意：在那里，他和其他美国作家成为了朋友，包括格特鲁德・斯坦和 F・斯科特・菲茨杰拉德。根据“other…writers”可知，此处修饰名词writers，应用形容词American，意为“美国的”。故填American。 6．句意：海明威形成了一种简洁直白的写作风格。根据“developed…style of writing”可知，此处表示一种写作风格，表泛指。style以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 7．句意：他用词俭省，避免使用形容词，相信读者能理解他作品的含义。根据“trusted the…to understand”可知，此处指信任读者。read是动词，其名词指人是reader。此处可用单数reader指特定的读者群，也可用复数readers泛指读者们。故填readers/reader。 8．句意：在他长达约40年的职业生涯中，海明威获得了普利策奖和诺贝尔奖。根据“Hemingway earned the Pulitzer Prize…the Nobel Prize”可知，海明威获得了普利策奖和诺贝尔奖，两者为并列关系。故填and。 9．句意：如今，他在基韦斯特的故居是一座博物馆，许多猫仍然住在那里。根据“many cats still…there”可知，still提示动作仍在发生或状态持续，且主语many cats是复数。结合语境描述故居现状，时态为一般现在时。故填live。 10．句意：其中一些是海明威那只六趾猫的后代。根据“Some of them are…of Hemingway’s six-toed cat.”可知，child是可数名词，此处指那些猫是六趾猫的后代，Some后面接复数名词，child的复数形式为children。故填children。 02 If you lose 12 times in a row (连续地), will you just give up? Dale Carnegie, a pioneer in public speaking and self-development, kept 1 (try). And he showed people how to be successful. Carnegie was born into a poor family in the United States. The boy didn’t see a train 2 he was 12 years old. In his teens, he had to get up at 3 a. m. every day 3 (milk) cows for his family. When Carnegie first entered college, he felt upset because of his old clothes and common looks. His mother encouraged him, “Why not try to be 4 (good) at other things instead of just dress and good looks?” Carnegie tried to be more active in college. He 5 (join) the debate team. But one after another, he lost 12 6 (compete). The young man was very disappointed with himself. He later said that he thought of killing 7 (he) after failing so many times. But soon people could see Carnegie practising public speaking by the riverside. His hard work paid off 8 last. In 1906, Carnegie won a speech contest and became famous. “Believe that you will succeed, and you will,” he said. In order 9 share his success, Carnegie opened schools and wrote books. A large number of copies of his books have been translated into many 10 (language). They are still helping people on the road to success. 【答案】 1．trying 2．until 3．to milk 4．better 5．joined 6．competitions 7．himself 8．at 9．to 10．languages 【导语】本文讲述了公共演讲和自我发展领域的先驱戴尔·卡耐基的励志故事。 1．句意：戴尔·卡耐基，公众演讲和自我发展领域的先驱，不断尝试。根据“kept”可知，此处使用动名词作宾语，try的动名词为trying，keep doing sth.“一直做某事”。故填trying。 2．句意：这个男孩直到12岁才看到火车。根据“The boy didn’t see a train...he was 12 years old.”可知，此处使用not...until...“直到……才……”，引导时间状语从句。故填until。 3．句意：在他十几岁的时候，他不得不每天凌晨3点起床为家里的奶牛挤奶。根据“he had to get up at 3 a. m. every day...cows for his family.”可知，此处使用动词不定式作目的状语，milk的动词不定式为to milk。故填to milk。 4．句意：为什么不试着在其他事情上做得更好，而不是仅仅关注穿着和美貌呢？根据“Why not try to be...at other things instead of just dress and good looks?”可知，此处使用good的比较级better，be better at“更擅长”。故填better。 5．句意：他加入了辩论队。根据“Carnegie tried to be more active in college.”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，join的过去式为joined。故填joined。 6．句意：但一次又一次，他输了12场比赛。根据“12”可知，此处使用名词复数，compete的名词为competition，其复数为competitions。故填competitions。 7．句意：他后来说，失败这么多次后，他想结束生命。根据“He later said that he thought of killing...after failing so many times.”可知，此处使用反身代词，he的反身代词为himself，kill himself“结束生命”。故填himself。 8．句意：他的努力终于得到了回报。根据“His hard work paid off...last.”可知，at last“最后”，固定短语。故填at。 9．句意：为了分享他的成功，卡耐基开办了学校并写了书。根据“In order...share his success”可知，in order to do sth.“为了做某事”，固定短语。故填to。 10．句意：他的许多书被翻译成多种语言。根据“many”可知，此处使用名词复数，language的复数为languages。故填languages。 03 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever read the book A Brief History of Time? It was written by Stephen Hawking in 1988. Stephen Hawking was born on January 8th, 1942, exactly 300 years after the 1 (die) of Galileo in Oxford, England. 2 the age of eleven, Stephen went to Oxford University, his father’s old college. After three years, he 3 (win) a first-class honors degree in natural science. In October 1962, Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge to do research. He 4 (real) enjoyed his time there. Unluckily, Stephen had a bad 5 (ill) shortly after his 21st birthday in 1963 and was given two years to live. Yet, he went on working hard to become 6 excellent scientist. Stephen didn’t live by 7 (he). He fell in love with Jane Wilde 8 they got married in 1965. Then they had three 9 (child). Hawking liked China very much. He had visited China several times. On November 24th, 2017, Hawking 10 (reply) to Wang Junkai on his Weibo. He said he was pleased to answer the excellent question from Mr. Wang Junkai. 【答案】 1．death   2．At   3．won   4．really   5．illness   6．an   7．himself   8．and   9．children 10．replied 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，简要介绍了英国物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金的生平，包括其教育经历、疾病抗争、家庭生活以及对中国的喜爱，展现了他坚韧不拔的科学精神与人格魅力。 1．句意：斯蒂芬·霍金于1942年1月8日出生在英国牛津，恰好是伽利略去世300年后。根据“the…of Galileo”可知，“the+名词+of”表所属关系，此处需用die的名词形式death，故填death。 2．句意：11岁时，斯蒂芬进入了牛津大学——他父亲的母校。根据“the age of eleven”可知，此处为固定搭配“at the age of”，表示“在……岁时”，句首首字母大写，故填At。 3．句意：三年后，他获得了自然科学一级荣誉学位。根据“After three years”并结合前文“went”可知，这句话用一般过去时，此处用win的过去式won，故填won。 4．句意：他真的很享受在那里的时光。根据“enjoyed”可知，此处用副词really修饰动词enjoyed，故填really。 5．句意：不幸的是，1963年霍金21岁生日后不久患上了重病，医生说他只剩两年寿命。根据“a bad”可知，不定冠词a后接名词，此处需用ill的名词形式illness，故填illness。 6．句意：然而，他仍继续努力成为一名杰出的科学家。根据“excellent scientist”可知，这是单数可数名词，excellent以元音音素开头，此处用不定冠词an表泛指，故填an。 7．句意：霍金并非独自生活。根据“live by”可知，此处为固定搭配“live by oneself”，表示“独自生活”，主语是he，故填himself。 8．句意：他爱上了简·王尔德，并于1965年结婚。根据“He fell in love with Jane Wilde”和“they got married”的顺承关系可知，此处用连词and连接两个并列动作，故填and。 9．句意：后来他们有了三个孩子。根据“three”可知，此处需用child的复数形式children，故填children。 10．句意：2017年11月24日，霍金在微博上回复了王俊凯。根据“On November 24th, 2017”可知，这是过去的时间，这句话为一般过去时，此处用reply的过去式replied，故填replied。 04 Xu Yuanchong, China’s most famous master translator, 1 (die) in Beijing at the age of 100 on June 17th, 2021. Xu Yuanchong was born in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province in 1921. He began to translate some works during his college years. Since 1978, Xu has published more than 100 translated novels, anthologies (选集) and 2 (play). Xu worked on translating for more than 70 years. He has tried his best 3 (pass) on the beauty of ancient Chinese poetry all his life. In his opinion, a translated work should be as beautiful as the original (原著). Instead of directly 4 (translate) words from one language to another, he made the translated words clear and enjoyable to readers. In 2014, Xu became the first Asian 5 (win) of the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Fiction Literature (北极光杰出文学翻译奖), which is one of the world’s 6 (high) prizes. Xu pursued (追求) the 7 (beautiful) of language all his life and his works have served as a 8 (culture) bridge linking the East with the West. His translations are so beautiful that English and French-speaking readers are able to 9 (well) understand Chinese literature. At the same time, Chinese readers can 10 (easy) understand foreign works in the same way they would read novels and poems written in their mother tongue (母语). 【答案】 1．died 2．plays 3．to pass 4．translating 5．winner 6．highest 7．beauty 8．cultural 9．better 10．easily 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国最著名的翻译大师许渊冲的生平事迹、翻译成就以及他对语言美的追求。 1．句意：2021年6月17日，中国最著名的翻译大师许渊冲在北京逝世，享年100岁。根据“on June 17th, 2021”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式died。故填died。 2．句意：自1978年以来，许出版了100多部翻译小说、选集和戏剧。根据“more than 100 translated novels, anthologies (选集) and...”可知，此处与前文“novels, anthologies”并列，应使用名词复数形式plays。故填plays。 3．句意：他一生都在尽力传递中国古代诗歌的美。try one’s best to do sth.表示“尽力做某事”，固定短语，所以此处用动词不定式to pass。故填to pass。 4．句意：他没有直接把一种语言的单词翻译成另一种语言，而是让翻译后的单词清晰易懂，让读者喜欢。instead of doing sth.表示“而不是做某事”，固定短语，所以此处用动名词translating。故填translating。 5．句意：2014年，许成为首位获得世界最高奖项之一的“北极光小说文学杰出翻译奖”的亚洲人。根据“Xu became the first Asian...”可知，空处填名词“获胜者”。win的名词是winner，故填winner。 6．句意：2014年，许成为首位获得北极光杰出文学翻译奖的亚洲人，这是世界上最高奖项之一。根据“one of the world’s...prizes”可知，此处表示“最高奖项之一”，应用形容词最高级highest。故填highest。 7．句意：许一生都在追求语言之美，他的作品成为连接东西方的文化桥梁。根据“the...of language”可知，此处表示“语言之美”，应用名词beauty。故填beauty。 8．句意：许一生都在追求语言之美，他的作品成为连接东西方的文化桥梁。根据“a...bridge”可知，此处表示“文化桥梁”，应用形容词cultural修饰名词bridge。故填cultural。 9．句意：他的翻译如此优美，以至于说英语和法语的读者能够更好地理解中国文学。根据“His translations are so beautiful that English and French-speaking readers are able to...understand Chinese literature.”可知，此处表示“更好地理解”，应用副词well的比较级better修饰动词understand。故填better。 10．句意：与此同时，中国读者可以像阅读用母语写的小说和诗歌一样轻松地理解外国作品。根据“Chinese readers can...understand foreign works”可知，此处表示“轻松地理解”，应用副词easily修饰动词understand。故填easily。 05 认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tyler Gibble is a 10-year-old boy from America. He has a strong love of swimming. At five, Tyler 1 (join) the Pleasant Hills Swim Team. With practice, he was far ahead of the other kids in the team in swimming. Later, he started taking part 2 children’s swimming races and won lots of prizes. Tyler’s talent (天赋) surprised his parents. They decided to send him to the Dayton Raiders Swim Club. It is 3 excellent club with a rich history. Tyler got to know some great swimmers there and he began to dream of 4 (become) an Olympic swimmer. Now Tyler practises hard every day. He sticks to (坚持) his 5 (train) plan no matter how tired he is. He keeps on improving his swimming skills. Hard work 6 (pay) off. He broke some of the club’s 7 (record). Tyler is just a young boy, 8 he has a clear plan for his future. He said, “No one can be a top swimmer easily. I need to try my best to achieve my big dream.” Tyler often sets mini-goals for 9 (he) to get close to his dream. Every time he makes progress, his confidence grows. He believes that nothing is 10 (possible) if he has a heart full of determination (决心). 【答案】 1．joined 2．in 3．an 4．becoming 5．training 6．paid 7．records 8．but 9．himself 10．impossible 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国10岁男孩泰勒·吉布尔的游泳追梦故事。 1．句意：5岁时，泰勒加入了普莱森特希尔斯游泳队。根据“At five”，时态为一般过去时，join的过去式为joined，故填joined。 2．句意：后来，他开始参加儿童游泳比赛，赢得了很多奖项。“take part in”是固定短语，意为“参加”，故填in。 3．句意：这是一家有着深厚历史的优秀俱乐部。“excellent club”是可数名词单数，此处表泛指“一家优秀的俱乐部”，且“excellent”以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰，故填an。 4．句意：泰勒在那里认识了一些优秀的游泳选手，他开始梦想成为一名奥运游泳选手。“dream of doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“梦想做某事”，become的动名词形式为becoming，故填becoming。 5．句意：无论多累，他都坚持自己的训练计划。空格处需填形容词修饰名词“plan”，train的现在分词形式作定语，为training“训练的”，故填training。 6．句意：努力终有回报。“pay off”是固定短语，意为“取得成功、得到回报”，结合语境，此处用一般过去时，pay的过去式为paid，故填paid。 7．句意：他打破了俱乐部的一些纪录。“some”后接可数名词复数，record的复数形式为records“纪录”，故填records。 8．句意：泰勒只是个小男孩，但他对自己的未来有清晰的规划。根据“Tyler is just a young boy…he has a clear plan for his future.”可知，“年纪小”与“有清晰未来规划”是转折关系，用连词but“但是”，故填but。 9．句意：泰勒经常为自己设定小目标，以接近他的梦想。主语和宾语指代同一人，用反身代词himself“他自己”，故填himself。 10．句意：他相信，只要有一颗充满决心的心，没有什么是不可能的。根据“if he has a heart full of determination”可知，满怀决心就能实现目标，没什么是不可能的，此处用impossible“不可能的”，故填impossible。 06 阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空不超过两词。要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Teahouse is one of Lao She’s most famous plays. He wrote it in 1957. Many people still enjoy 1 (watch) it now. It shows the lives of Chinese people from the end of the nineteenth century to the middle of the twentieth century. It’s about the story 2 Wang Lifa and the customers of his teahouse in Beijing. Lao She was born in Beijing in 1899. He went to 3 teachers’ school in 1913. After leaving school in 1918, he 4 (become) a head teacher of a primary school (小学). In 1924, Lao She left home and went to England. He taught Chinese at a college (大学) in London 5 returned to China five years later. He wrote many plays, 6 (novel) and short stories about people’s lives. People call 7 (he) “the People’s Artist”. Lao She is one of the greatest Chinese 8 (write) of his century. Today, Lao She Teahouse allows many artists 9 (put) on shows. People can also feel 10 (relax) there by drinking tea and eating Beijing food. It welcomes everyone from all over the world. 【答案】 1．watching 2．of 3．a 4．became 5．and 6．novels 7．him 8．writers 9．to put 10．relaxed 【导语】本文主要介绍了老舍的著名作品《茶馆》以及老舍的生平经历。 1．句意：现在很多人仍然喜欢看它。enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，固定搭配。故填watching。 2．句意：它是关于王利发和他北京茶馆里的顾客的故事。“the story of...”是固定表达，意为“……的故事”，所以这里用of。故填of。 3．句意：1913年，他上了一所师范学校。根据“teachers’ school”可知，此处是指一所师范学校，应用不定冠词a/an修饰，teachers’以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 4．句意：1918年离开学校后，他成为了一所小学的校长。根据“After leaving school in 1918”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式became。故填became。 5．句意：他在伦敦的一所大学教中文，五年后回到中国。根据“He taught Chinese at a college (大学) in London...returned to China five years later.”可知，前后两句是顺承关系，应用and连接。故填and。 6．句意：他写了许多关于人们生活的戏剧、小说和短篇小说。根据“many plays...and short stories”可知，此处应用名词复数形式novels“小说”。故填novels。 7．句意：人们称他为“人民艺术家”。空处作call的宾语，应用宾格him。故填him。 8．句意：老舍是他那个世纪最伟大的中国作家之一。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……之一”，固定结构，所以空处用名词复数writers“作家”。故填writers。 9．句意：今天，老舍茶馆允许许多艺术家表演节目。allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，固定搭配。故填to put。 10．句意：人们还可以在那里喝茶和吃北京食物来放松心情。feel是系动词，后加形容词作表语，修饰人应用relaxed“放松的”。故填relaxed。 07 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式。 In the 19th Asian Games, lots of players did their best to make their dreams come true. Quan Hongchan is one of them. She is 1 excellent diver from Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province. Born in 2007, Quan started diving in 2014. Her mother was in poor health after a car accident. She hoped 2 (make) money to help her family, so she went to Zhanjiang Sports School. She began to train in the national team 3 the age of thirteen. In 2021, Quan got the gold medal in the Tokyo Olympics. At that time, she was 4 (young) than any other member in the Chinese team. 5 it was the first time for her to take part in the Olympic Games, she got good 6 (grade)! In the Hangzhou Asian Games, Quan made her name known to the world again because of her perfect diving 7 (skill). In 2024 Paris Olympics, Quan got two gold medals. She was 8 (true) talented in diving. Quan sets a good example for us teenagers. As a diver, she practices hard to win for her country. As a daughter, she always 9 (try) to take care of her family. Her dream is to play in the amusement park. 10 lovely dream! 【答案】 1．an 2．to make 3．at 4．younger 5．Although 6．grades 7．skills 8．truly 9．tries 10．What a 【导语】本文主要介绍了跳水运动员全红婵的成长经历、比赛成绩以及她的个人梦想，展现了她的努力与担当。 1．句意：她是一名来自广东湛江的优秀跳水运动员。根据 “She is … excellent diver.” 可知，此处表示“一名优秀的跳水运动员”，“excellent” 以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词“an”修饰。故填an。 2．句意：她希望赚钱帮助家人，所以去了湛江体校。根据“She hoped … (make) money”可知，“hope to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“希望做某事”，此处用动词不定式“to make”。故填to make。 3．句意：她在13岁时开始在国家队训练。根据“… the age of thirteen”可知，“at the age of”是固定搭配，意为“在…… 岁时”。故填at。 4．句意：那时，她比中国队的其他任何队员都年轻。根据“than”可知，此处需用形容词“young”的比较级“younger”。故填younger。 5．句意：虽然这是她第一次参加奥运会，但她取得了不错的成绩！根据“… it was the first time for her to take part in the Olympic Games, she got good…” 可知，前后句是转折关系，“Although/”（虽然）引导让步状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填Although。 6．句意：虽然这是她第一次参加奥运会，但她取得了不错的成绩！“grade”表示“成绩”时常用复数形式“grades”，“get good grades”是固定搭配，意为 “取得好成绩”。故填grades。 7．句意：在杭州亚运会上，全红婵凭借完美的跳水技巧再次闻名世界。“skill”表示“技巧”时常用复数形式“skills”，此处指跳水相关的多种技巧，故填 skills。 8．句意：她在跳水上确实很有天赋。此处修饰形容词“talented”，需用副词“truly”（真正地）。故填truly。 9．句意：作为女儿，她总是努力照顾家人。根据“always”可知句子是一般现在时，主语“she”是第三人称单数，谓语动词“try”用第三人称单数形式 “tries”。故填tries。 10．句意：多么可爱的梦想啊！这是一个感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数“dream”，需用“What a”引导，句首首字母大写。故填What a。 培优篇 08 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 October 18, 2025, was a sad day for all Chinese people. The great physicist (物理学家) Yang Zhenning passed away (去世) in Beijing at the age of 103. Yang Zhenning was one of the 1 (great) physicists in the world. He was interested in physics. When he was young, he studied hard. Later, he went to the US to learn more. In 1957, he 2 (win) the Nobel Prize in Physics, which made him famous all over the world. Yang had a good friend named Deng Jiaxian. Deng was also a great scientist. Their 3 (friend) was as important as their contributions (贡献) to science. Yang was born (出生) two years 4 (early) than Deng. They became good friends at a young age. Both of 5 (they) loved science deeply. They often talked about their studies and 6 (hobby) together. Thanks 7 Yang’s advice, Deng chose Purdue University and later went back to China to make great contributions. Also, when Deng lived a poor life in the US, Yang helped him out by 8 (give) him some money. In 1986, Deng passed away, and Yang was very sad. Today, the deep relationship between the two scientists still touches millions of people. Yang never forgot his motherland (祖国). He kept working hard to lend 9 hand with the development (发展) of Chinese science and education. Yang worked hard and never gave up when facing difficulties. We will always remember him 10 he showed us that one person can change the future with knowledge and hard work. 【答案】 1．greatest 2．won 3．friendship 4．earlier 5．them 6．hobbies 7．to 8．giving 9．a 10．because 【导语】本文主要讲述了伟大的物理学家杨振宁的相关事迹。杨振宁为中国科学和教育的发展助力，他面对困难永不放弃的精神，值得人们永远铭记。 1．句意：杨振宁是世界上最伟大的物理学家之一。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“……中最……之一”，此处应用great的最高级形式“greatest”，表示“最伟大的”。故填greatest。 2．句意：1957年，他获得了诺贝尔物理学奖，这使他闻名世界。根据“In 1957”可知，时态为一般过去时，win的过去式是“won”。故填won。 3．句意：他们的友谊和他们对科学的贡献一样重要。形容词性物主代词Their后接名词作主语，表示“他们的友谊”，friendship“友谊”，为不可数名词。故填friendship。 4．句意：杨振宁比邓稼先早出生两年。根据“than”可知，此处应用比较级，early的比较级为“earlier”。故填earlier。 5．句意：他们都深深地热爱科学。根据“of”可知，介词后面接人称代词宾格，they的宾格形式是“them”。故填them。 6．句意：他们经常在一起谈论他们的研究和爱好。根据“their studies”可知，此处应用复数形式，hobby的复数是“hobbies”。故填hobbies。 7．句意：多亏了杨振宁的建议，邓稼先选择了普渡大学，后来又回到中国为国家做出巨大贡献。“thanks to”意为“多亏”，固定短语。故填to。 8．句意：此外，当邓稼先在美国生活贫困时，杨振宁通过给他一些钱来帮助他。根据“by”可知，介词后面接动名词形式，give的动名词是“giving”。故填giving。 9．句意：他一直努力工作，为中国科学和教育的发展助力。“lend a hand”意为“伸出援助之手”，固定短语。故填a。 10．句意：我们将永远铭记他，因为他向我们展示了一个人可以凭借知识和努力改变未来。根据“he showed us that one person can change the future with knowledge and hard work.”可知，前后是因果关系，空格后是我们永远记得他的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 09 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Do you know Wei Dongyi? Wei has 1 great talent for maths and he is teaching at Peking University now. People often 2 (suppose) that he can solve problems faster than a calculator. Born in 1991 in Shandong, he grew up in a family where his father, a university maths teacher, always valued mathematical thinking. 3 he was a kid, he already loved exploring maths problems. Since he entered middle school, he 4 (spend) much time on maths and has solved tons of problems. He stuck 5 studying with high-school students even in Grade 8. In 2008, he joined the International Mathematical Olympiad (国际数学奥林匹克竞赛) and it only 6 (cost) him a few books and his time. He got his first gold in 2021, and then got the 7 (two) gold in 2023. After that, Peking University 8 (offer) him a study chance. Even when more people knew him, he still put all his heart into maths. He hardly watches TV. He likes listening to the radio in his free time. He doesn’t think about 9 to eat or wear. His talent is 10 (price), setting a great example for young people. 【答案】 1．a 2．suppose 3．When 4．has spent 5．to 6．cost 7．second 8．offered 9．what 10．priceless 【导语】本文介绍了数学天才韦东奕，讲述了他的数学天赋、成长经历、竞赛成就以及他对数学的专注和可贵品质。 1．句意：韦东奕在数学方面很有天赋，他现在在北京大学任教。“have a great talent for...”是固定搭配，意为“在……方面很有天赋”。故填a。 2．句意：人们常常认为他能比计算器更快地解决问题。根据“often”可知，句子用一般现在时，主语People是复数，故谓语动词用原形。故填suppose。 3．句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，他就已经喜欢探索数学问题了。“when”表示“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，符合语境，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填When。 4．句意：自从他进入中学以来，他在数学上花了很多时间，解决了大量的问题。根据“Since he entered middle school…”可知， 句子用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语he是第三人称单数，选用助动词has，spend的过去分词是spent。故填has spent。 5．句意：甚至在八年级时他就坚持和高中生一起学习。根据句意可知，此处表示“坚持”，“stick to doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“坚持做某事”。故填to。 6．句意：2008年，他参加了国际数学奥林匹克竞赛，这只花费了他几本书和时间。根据“In 2008”可知句子用一般过去时，cost的过去式是cost。故填cost。 7．句意：他在2021年获得了第一块金牌，然后在2023年获得了第二块金牌。根据“got the…gold”可知，这里表示“第二枚”，要用序数词，two的序数词是second。故填second。 8．句意：在那之后，北京大学给他提供了一个学习机会。根据“After that”可知，事情发生在过去，句子时态是一般过去时，offer的过去式是offered。故填offered。 9．句意：他不考虑吃什么或穿什么。“what to eat”是“疑问词+不定式”结构，作think about的宾语，符合语境。故填what。 10．句意：他的天赋是无价的，为年轻人树立了一个好榜样。根据句意可知，此处表示“无价的”，price的形容词形式priceless，意为“无价的”，形容词作表语。故填priceless。 10 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给的词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺，连贯。 For many Chinese tennis fans, Zheng Qinwen is a familiar and exciting name. Zheng Qinwen is one of the most famous tennis 1 (player) in China. She was born in Shiyan, Hubei Province— 2 small city with beautiful landscape and rich culture. She was born in 2002 and started playing tennis at 6. She has lived in Wuhan for training 3 2010. At first, she tried basketball, 4 tennis became her favorite hobby because it needs quick decisions. Many people ask, “What’s a good way to become a great player?” Zheng always says “Practice is the key.” The training was much 5 (hard) than she thought—she often 6 (practise) for 8 hours a day and often stayed at the training ground late 7 (improve) her serve and backhand (发球和反手球), two important skills in tennis. Even when she 8 (feel) nervous, she never gave up. Her coach gave her good advice: “Keep going, and you’ll succeed.” So far, Zheng has won more than just the Olympic gold—she has 5 WTA singles titles, including the 2023 Zhengzhou Open, and reached the runner-up spot at the 2024 Australian Open. In 2024, Zheng played for China at the Paris Olympics. She won the gold medal, and her fans cheered for her 9 (proud). Now she says, “I 10 (play) tennis for 17 years, and I’ll keep trying.” Zheng’s story tells us: If we practise more and never stop, our dreams will come true. What about learning from her spirit of persistence (坚持) and love for her country? 【答案】 1．players 2．a 3．since 4．but 5．harder 6．practised 7．to improve 8．felt 9．proudly 10．have played 【导语】本文介绍了中国著名网球运动员郑钦文的成长经历、训练故事以及她取得的成绩，展现了她的坚持精神和对网球的热爱。 1．句意：郑钦文是中国最著名的网球运动员之一。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“……中最……之一”，player的复数形式是players。故填players。 2．句意：她出生于湖北十堰——一个风景优美、文化丰富的小城市。此处表示泛指“一个”，small以辅音音素开头。故填a。 3．句意：自2010年以来，她一直住在武汉训练。根据“has lived”可知，此句为现在完成时，“since + 时间点”用于现在完成时。故填since。 4．句意：起初，她尝试打篮球，但网球成了她最喜欢的爱好，因为它需要快速决策。前后句是转折关系。故填but。 5．句意：训练比她想象的要辛苦得多——她经常一天练习8小时，经常在训练场待到很晚，以提高她的发球和反手球，这是网球中两项重要的技能。根据“than”可知，此空用比较级，hard的比较级是harder。故填harder。 6．句意：训练比她想象的要辛苦得多——她经常一天练习8小时，经常在训练场待到很晚，以提高她的发球和反手球，这是网球中两项重要的技能。根据“and often stayed at the training ground late”可知，时态是一般过去时，practise的过去式是practised。故填practised。 7．句意：训练比她想象的要辛苦得多——她经常一天练习8小时，经常在训练场待到很晚，以提高她的发球和反手球，这是网球中两项重要的技能。根据“she often…for 8 hours a day and often stayed at the training ground late”可知，她长时间训练的目的是提高技能，此处用动词不定式表目的。故填to improve。 8．句意：即使她感到紧张，她也从未放弃。根据“gave up”可知，时态是一般过去时，feel的过去式是felt。故填felt。 9．句意：她赢得了金牌，她的粉丝们自豪地为她欢呼。此处用副词proudly修饰动词cheered。故填proudly。 10．句意：我打网球已经17年了，我会继续努力。根据“for 17 years”可知，此句用现在完成时，主语是I，助动词用have，play的过去分词是played。故填have played。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 When was he born? 语法填空专练 话题：人与社会—著名人物 基础篇 01 Ernest Hemingway, the son of a doctor and a music teacher, was born in 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois. Hemingway’s father taught him early on how to hunt and fish, two activities Hemingway loved throughout 1 (he) life. Instead of going to college, Hemingway 2 (become) a reporter for the Kansas City Star. Later, in Europe, he worked as a driver 3 the Italian army until he was wounded and shipped home, where he again wrote for newspapers. Two years 4 (late), he moved to Paris, where he hoped to improve his writing. There he became friends with other 5 (America) writers, including Gertrude Stein and F. Scott Fitzgerald. Hemingway developed 6 style of writing that was simple and direct. He chose words sparingly (俭省地), avoided using adjectives, and trusted the 7 (read) to understand the meaning of his writing. As he put it, “I always try to write on the principle (原则) of the iceberg (冰山). There is seven eighths of it under water for every part that shows.” This style continues to influence writers today. In his career (生涯), which lasted some 40 years, Hemingway earned the Pulitzer Prize 8 the Nobel Prize. He was one of the finest writers of the twentieth century. For a while Ernest Hemingway lived in Key West, Florida, where he had nearly 50 cats. One of them was a cat with six toes (脚趾), which a captain had given him. Today his Key West home is a museum, and many cats still 9 (live) there. Some of them are 10 (child) of Hemingway’s six-toed cat. Hemingway was married four times and had three sons. He died in 1961. 02 If you lose 12 times in a row (连续地), will you just give up? Dale Carnegie, a pioneer in public speaking and self-development, kept 1 (try). And he showed people how to be successful. Carnegie was born into a poor family in the United States. The boy didn’t see a train 2 he was 12 years old. In his teens, he had to get up at 3 a. m. every day 3 (milk) cows for his family. When Carnegie first entered college, he felt upset because of his old clothes and common looks. His mother encouraged him, “Why not try to be 4 (good) at other things instead of just dress and good looks?” Carnegie tried to be more active in college. He 5 (join) the debate team. But one after another, he lost 12 6 (compete). The young man was very disappointed with himself. He later said that he thought of killing 7 (he) after failing so many times. But soon people could see Carnegie practising public speaking by the riverside. His hard work paid off 8 last. In 1906, Carnegie won a speech contest and became famous. “Believe that you will succeed, and you will,” he said. In order 9 share his success, Carnegie opened schools and wrote books. A large number of copies of his books have been translated into many 10 (language). They are still helping people on the road to success. 03 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever read the book A Brief History of Time? It was written by Stephen Hawking in 1988. Stephen Hawking was born on January 8th, 1942, exactly 300 years after the 1 (die) of Galileo in Oxford, England. 2 the age of eleven, Stephen went to Oxford University, his father’s old college. After three years, he 3 (win) a first-class honors degree in natural science. In October 1962, Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge to do research. He 4 (real) enjoyed his time there. Unluckily, Stephen had a bad 5 (ill) shortly after his 21st birthday in 1963 and was given two years to live. Yet, he went on working hard to become 6 excellent scientist. Stephen didn’t live by 7 (he). He fell in love with Jane Wilde 8 they got married in 1965. Then they had three 9 (child). Hawking liked China very much. He had visited China several times. On November 24th, 2017, Hawking 10 (reply) to Wang Junkai on his Weibo. He said he was pleased to answer the excellent question from Mr. Wang Junkai. 04 Xu Yuanchong, China’s most famous master translator, 1 (die) in Beijing at the age of 100 on June 17th, 2021. Xu Yuanchong was born in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province in 1921. He began to translate some works during his college years. Since 1978, Xu has published more than 100 translated novels, anthologies (选集) and 2 (play). Xu worked on translating for more than 70 years. He has tried his best 3 (pass) on the beauty of ancient Chinese poetry all his life. In his opinion, a translated work should be as beautiful as the original (原著). Instead of directly 4 (translate) words from one language to another, he made the translated words clear and enjoyable to readers. In 2014, Xu became the first Asian 5 (win) of the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Fiction Literature (北极光杰出文学翻译奖), which is one of the world’s 6 (high) prizes. Xu pursued (追求) the 7 (beautiful) of language all his life and his works have served as a 8 (culture) bridge linking the East with the West. His translations are so beautiful that English and French-speaking readers are able to 9 (well) understand Chinese literature. At the same time, Chinese readers can 10 (easy) understand foreign works in the same way they would read novels and poems written in their mother tongue (母语). 05 认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tyler Gibble is a 10-year-old boy from America. He has a strong love of swimming. At five, Tyler 1 (join) the Pleasant Hills Swim Team. With practice, he was far ahead of the other kids in the team in swimming. Later, he started taking part 2 children’s swimming races and won lots of prizes. Tyler’s talent (天赋) surprised his parents. They decided to send him to the Dayton Raiders Swim Club. It is 3 excellent club with a rich history. Tyler got to know some great swimmers there and he began to dream of 4 (become) an Olympic swimmer. Now Tyler practises hard every day. He sticks to (坚持) his 5 (train) plan no matter how tired he is. He keeps on improving his swimming skills. Hard work 6 (pay) off. He broke some of the club’s 7 (record). Tyler is just a young boy, 8 he has a clear plan for his future. He said, “No one can be a top swimmer easily. I need to try my best to achieve my big dream.” Tyler often sets mini-goals for 9 (he) to get close to his dream. Every time he makes progress, his confidence grows. He believes that nothing is 10 (possible) if he has a heart full of determination (决心). 06 阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空不超过两词。要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Teahouse is one of Lao She’s most famous plays. He wrote it in 1957. Many people still enjoy 1 (watch) it now. It shows the lives of Chinese people from the end of the nineteenth century to the middle of the twentieth century. It’s about the story 2 Wang Lifa and the customers of his teahouse in Beijing. Lao She was born in Beijing in 1899. He went to 3 teachers’ school in 1913. After leaving school in 1918, he 4 (become) a head teacher of a primary school (小学). In 1924, Lao She left home and went to England. He taught Chinese at a college (大学) in London 5 returned to China five years later. He wrote many plays, 6 (novel) and short stories about people’s lives. People call 7 (he) “the People’s Artist”. Lao She is one of the greatest Chinese 8 (write) of his century. Today, Lao She Teahouse allows many artists 9 (put) on shows. People can also feel 10 (relax) there by drinking tea and eating Beijing food. It welcomes everyone from all over the world. 07 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式。 In the 19th Asian Games, lots of players did their best to make their dreams come true. Quan Hongchan is one of them. She is 1 excellent diver from Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province. Born in 2007, Quan started diving in 2014. Her mother was in poor health after a car accident. She hoped 2 (make) money to help her family, so she went to Zhanjiang Sports School. She began to train in the national team 3 the age of thirteen. In 2021, Quan got the gold medal in the Tokyo Olympics. At that time, she was 4 (young) than any other member in the Chinese team. 5 it was the first time for her to take part in the Olympic Games, she got good 6 (grade)! In the Hangzhou Asian Games, Quan made her name known to the world again because of her perfect diving 7 (skill). In 2024 Paris Olympics, Quan got two gold medals. She was 8 (true) talented in diving. Quan sets a good example for us teenagers. As a diver, she practices hard to win for her country. As a daughter, she always 9 (try) to take care of her family. Her dream is to play in the amusement park. 10 lovely dream! 培优篇 08 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 October 18, 2025, was a sad day for all Chinese people. The great physicist (物理学家) Yang Zhenning passed away (去世) in Beijing at the age of 103. Yang Zhenning was one of the 1 (great) physicists in the world. He was interested in physics. When he was young, he studied hard. Later, he went to the US to learn more. In 1957, he 2 (win) the Nobel Prize in Physics, which made him famous all over the world. Yang had a good friend named Deng Jiaxian. Deng was also a great scientist. Their 3 (friend) was as important as their contributions (贡献) to science. Yang was born (出生) two years 4 (early) than Deng. They became good friends at a young age. Both of 5 (they) loved science deeply. They often talked about their studies and 6 (hobby) together. Thanks 7 Yang’s advice, Deng chose Purdue University and later went back to China to make great contributions. Also, when Deng lived a poor life in the US, Yang helped him out by 8 (give) him some money. In 1986, Deng passed away, and Yang was very sad. Today, the deep relationship between the two scientists still touches millions of people. Yang never forgot his motherland (祖国). He kept working hard to lend 9 hand with the development (发展) of Chinese science and education. Yang worked hard and never gave up when facing difficulties. We will always remember him 10 he showed us that one person can change the future with knowledge and hard work. 09 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Do you know Wei Dongyi? Wei has 1 great talent for maths and he is teaching at Peking University now. People often 2 (suppose) that he can solve problems faster than a calculator. Born in 1991 in Shandong, he grew up in a family where his father, a university maths teacher, always valued mathematical thinking. 3 he was a kid, he already loved exploring maths problems. Since he entered middle school, he 4 (spend) much time on maths and has solved tons of problems. He stuck 5 studying with high-school students even in Grade 8. In 2008, he joined the International Mathematical Olympiad (国际数学奥林匹克竞赛) and it only 6 (cost) him a few books and his time. He got his first gold in 2021, and then got the 7 (two) gold in 2023. After that, Peking University 8 (offer) him a study chance. Even when more people knew him, he still put all his heart into maths. He hardly watches TV. He likes listening to the radio in his free time. He doesn’t think about 9 to eat or wear. His talent is 10 (price), setting a great example for young people. 10 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给的词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺，连贯。 For many Chinese tennis fans, Zheng Qinwen is a familiar and exciting name. Zheng Qinwen is one of the most famous tennis 1 (player) in China. She was born in Shiyan, Hubei Province— 2 small city with beautiful landscape and rich culture. She was born in 2002 and started playing tennis at 6. She has lived in Wuhan for training 3 2010. At first, she tried basketball, 4 tennis became her favorite hobby because it needs quick decisions. Many people ask, “What’s a good way to become a great player?” Zheng always says “Practice is the key.” The training was much 5 (hard) than she thought—she often 6 (practise) for 8 hours a day and often stayed at the training ground late 7 (improve) her serve and backhand (发球和反手球), two important skills in tennis. Even when she 8 (feel) nervous, she never gave up. Her coach gave her good advice: “Keep going, and you’ll succeed.” So far, Zheng has won more than just the Olympic gold—she has 5 WTA singles titles, including the 2023 Zhengzhou Open, and reached the runner-up spot at the 2024 Australian Open. In 2024, Zheng played for China at the Paris Olympics. She won the gold medal, and her fans cheered for her 9 (proud). Now she says, “I 10 (play) tennis for 17 years, and I’ll keep trying.” Zheng’s story tells us: If we practise more and never stop, our dreams will come true. What about learning from her spirit of persistence (坚持) and love for her country? ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $