专题三 完形填空 第一节 归类型 学技法-【创新大课堂】2026年高考二轮英语专题复习

第二部分 语言运用篇 专题三 完形填空 完形填空主要考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运用词汇和语法的能力。在一篇230词左右的短文中 设空15处，要求考生从每题所给的四个选项中选出正确选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构 完整。 新课程标准要求考生能在语境中理解具体词语的功能、内涵和外延以及使用者的意图和态度；能理 解语篇中特定语言的使用意图以及语言在反映情感态度和价值观方面所起的作用。 【考情表解】 题日类型 卷别 年份 短文词数 体裁 主题语境 名词动词形容词副词 词组或短语 人与社会：搬家趣事之“赠人玫瑰，手 2025 250 记叙文 6 6 2 0 有余香” 新课标I 2024 234 记叙文 人与自我：运动兴趣和运动经历 7 1 1(动) 2023 227 记叙文 人与社会：越野赛跑中救助受伤对手 8 2 0 1(动) 人与自我：一位65岁的老奶奶坚持 2025 221 记叙文 健身，积极健康改变自己的生活。 新课标Ⅱ 人与社会：定居意大利以及意大利的 2024 231 记叙文 8 1 0 1(动) 风土人情 2023 221 记叙文 人与社会：帮助别人用飞机运输宠物狗 5 2(动) 【命题解读】 dead[(熟义“死的”→生义“没电的”)] 1.设题规律 The engine after the long journey.(2025. 短文首句交代故事背景，一般不设空。选项主 全国高考I卷模拟) 要是实词，以动词、名词为主，其次是形容词、副词，： died[(熟义“死亡”→生义“熄火”)] 虚词基本没有。四个选项语法形式一致，但意义相2.词性转化： his clothes,he kept 差甚远。正确选项个数分布均等或基本均等。 working in the heavy rain..(2025·全国高考I 2.选材特点 卷模拟) 材料主要来源于英文报刊或国外网站。主题： Soiling[(名词soil→动词“弄脏”)] 语境包括“人与自我”“人与社会”和“人与自然”，选 Her speech the start of the ceremony. 材原汁原味，语言地道，充满正能量，倡导至真至善 (2025·全国高考I卷模拟) 至美的价值观，在具体语境中考查英语核心素养。 pronounced[(动词“发音”→动词“宣布”)] 短文长度200多词(200-240)，常考记叙文。 备考建议：积累高频词的生僻含义（如bank“银 【考向预测】 行”→bank“河岸”)；掌握常见词的词性活用（如 未来的考试中将继续深化对熟词生义和词性 water'“水”→water“浇水”)；通过上下文逻辑判 转化的考查，命题形式更加灵活，如2025年最新高： 断词义 考题及模拟题所示： 命题预测：2026年可能新增：科技类词汇的语境 l.熟词生义：My phone was too. 义（如mouse'“老鼠”→“鼠标”）；动词化的抽象名 (2024·九省联考) 词（如bridge“桥”→bridge"“弥合差距”） 和 精品教辅·智慧人生 高三 二轮专题复习·英语 第一节 归类型 学技法 类型一句内层次题 句内层次题的解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文义的前提下，利用本句的一些信息，凭借语感即可顺 利选出答案。对于此类题目，学生可以边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。 解法1 根据生活常识或文化背景选词 》 将相关信息和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识，以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而 得出正确答案。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起，因为虽有背景常识，但仍需简单推理；逻 辑推理离不开背景常识。 [典例剖析](2024·新课标I) I dreamed of entering cycle races until I flew to;【即时训练】 San Diego to visit my sister..While she was at work one;l.(2024·新课标Ⅱ)Families for big 线常信息 meals on Sundays,birthdays,and whatever other day,I her bike and went for a ride excuses they can come up with A.painted B.borrowed A.gather B.cheer C.bought D.parked C.leave D.wait i门们读句寻找线索俗息：语段中“I flew to San Diego to visit my 2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ)During my first visit to Italy, sister'”为线索信息。 to ask for directions or order in a [2]对比选项，根据生活常识进行推断：“我”乘飞机去看姐姐，应 restaurant. 该是在她那儿短暂停留，所以是借姐姐的自行车去骑行。 [3]复核验证，得出答案：把B项代入原文，句意通顺，合乎逻辑， A.planned B.struggled 故B项为正确答案。 C.refused D.happened 【技法归纳】 3.(2023·新课标I)Bailey then to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all 读句寻找线索信息 根据生活常 the way to the finish line,then another 300 feet 识或文化背 对比选项，根据生活常识或 to where Lenoue could get medical attention. 景选词 文化背景进行推断 A.went away B.stood up 复核验证，得出答案 C.stepped aside D.bent down 解法2 根据“对应成分分析法”选词 )》 完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，句子的各个成分之间存在 一定的对应关系。学生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与设空处相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，从而推 断出设空处的答案。 [典例剖析】](2024·全国甲) Born just before WW IⅡ，my grandmother43_ :46.A.gardening B.homework 关键线索1 C.business D.housework an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine..She:i订读向我寻前后对应成分：仔细阅读语段可知，关键线索1和 关键线索2 关键线索2为对应成分：关键线索3和关键线索4为对应成分。 did not have a chance to go to school.Like in typical [2]对比对应成分，做出合理判断：对比关键线索1和关键线索 families,where boys were favored much more than girls, 2可知，祖母出生在二战前，和“我”接受的教育相比，一定是她 关键线索3 所经历的不同于“我”的：对比关健线索3和关健线索4可知，在 my grandma had to stay at home to do 46 典型的家庭中，男孩比女孩更受宠爱，所以祖母不得不待在家里 关键线索4 做家务。 43.A.adiusted B.promoted [3]对比选项，得出答案：对比选项可知第43题D项“经历”符 C.achieved D.experienced 合：第46题D项“家务活”符合。所以两题答案都为D。 精品教辅·智慧人生 50 第二部分专题三完形填空 【技法归纳】 :2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ)Each town has its own 读句寻找前后对应成分 traditional and every family keeps a 根据“对应成分 对比对应成分，做出合理判断 recipe passed from one generation to another. 分析法”选词 对比选项，得出答案 A.costume B.dish 【即时训练】 C.symbol D.tale l.(2024·新课标l)As a foodie,.the way to my heart is 3.(2023·新课标I)Bailey took her arm to see if through my stomach,and nowhere fuels my she could walk forward with quite like Italy. A.ambition B.success A.courage B.aid C.appetite D.growth C.patience D.advice 解法3 根据习惯用法或固定搭配选词 》 解题时通过分析习惯用法、固定搭配以及句子结构，进行有效的推理判断，从而选出正确选项。 学生 在解题时要灵活地运用一些常用的习惯用法、固定搭配，学会分析句子结构。 典例剖析](2024·新课标I) So I turned to cycling.I got a good bike and rode a;【即时训练】 lot.I of entering cycle races until I flew to 1.(2024·全国甲)As always my grandmother 定位关键词：介词of would tell me stories about her childhood...I San Diego to visit my sister. guess our different childhood background is A.heard B.dreamed what makes my grandmother such an amazing C.complained D.approved person to to:her stories always make 1门定位空后关健词：空后介词of为关键词。 my history textbooks come alive. [2]构成搭配，弄清意思：四个选项与介词of构成短语后的意思 A.attend B.refer C.lead D.talk 分别为：hear of听说：dream of梦想；complain of抱怨；approve 2.(2024·浙江1月)In the course of a couple of of赞成，批准。 hours,he showed me just how much one can gain [3]填空验证，得出答案：将各选项填入空格后，只有B项句意通 from traveling with an open mind,and a 顺，“我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我姐 willingness to with locals from all 姐。”故B项为正确答案。 walks of life. 【技法归纳】 A.cooperate B.side C.negotiate 定位空后 D.engage 空后的介词或副词 关键词 3.(2023·全国乙)The Chinese coach 根据习惯用 所选词与空后介词或 Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the 构成搭配 法或固定搭 副词构成固定搭配，联 world,helping her skyrocket from an average 配选词 弄清意思 想其意思 member of the national team to the top of the sport. 填空验证 A.forced B.transformed 得出答案 C.persuaded D.put 解法4 根据逻辑关系选词 )》 语篇是由一些意义相关的句子根据一定的逻辑关系组织起来的语义整体。逻辑关系隐藏在单个句子 中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中，体现作者的写作思路和篇章意义，是贯穿整篇文章的主线。因此，解答 完形填空题最基本的方法就是根据空处前后所提供的信息或上下文之间的逻辑关系，做出符合逻辑的 判断。 典例剖析](2024·新课标Ⅱ) W hatever life in Italy might have,the :A.disadvantages 关键词：引导让步状语从句 B.meanings problems are forgotten once you sit down to a big meal 线索信息句 C.surprises with friends and family. D.opportunities 51 精品教辅·智慧人生 高三二轮专题复习·英语 门定位关键词：whatever为关键词。 A.secret B.breath [2]确定句内前后关系：whatever引导让步状语从句，表明前后 C.view D.tongue 为让步关系。 [3]根据句意，确定答案：主句句意：一旦你坐下来与朋友和家人 2.因果关系 一起吃大餐，这些问题就会被忘记了。根据前后为让步关系，说 (2023·新课标I)Her came because she 明空处单词应与problem同义，从句句意应是“不论你生活中可 was carrying a competitor across the finish line. 能有什么样的不愉快的事。”对比选项可知，A项符合句意。 A.delay B.chance 【技法归纳】 C.trouble D.excuse 表明句内前后 定位关键词 3.转折关系 关系的连接词 (2023·新课标Ⅱ)George,the husband,was 转折关系 trying to be calm,but I could tell this was 因果关系 根据逻辑 确定句内前 for him,having to leave his dog to a stranger and 关系选词 后关系 并列关系 递进关系 trust that everything would work out. 让步关系 A.hard B.fine C.common D.lucky 根据句意，确定答案 4.递进关系 【即时训练】 1.并列关系 (2o20·全国Ⅲ)If you do,you won't be able to (2o24·全国甲)There,.they would walk through handle it and the whole thing develops into an deep water,sit down cross-legged underwater unpleasant scene and that everyone's day. and hold their while they watched all A.ruins B.makes action going on around them. C.starts D.saves 类型二 句组层次题 解法1 根据词语复现选词 )》 词语复现是指某一个词以原词，或同/近义词（如difficult与challenging)、同源词（如happy与 happiness)、上下义（如vegetable与eggplant)、反义词（如wrong与right)等形式在同一语篇中重复出现 的现象。词语复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段，我们可以借助这一衔接手段解答完形填空题。 [典例剖析] [l门对比上下文与选项看是否有词语复现：第一段的achievements (2024·新课标I) 与B项achievement为原词复现。 I've been motivated-and demotivated-by other [2]“瞻前顾后”找规律：第一段句意：在我的生活中，别人的成就 关健信息句 直激励着我，也让我失去动力。空处前后意为：让我的 folks'achievements all my life. 显得微不足道。根据这两处信息推断：别人的成就会激励 关键复现词：与选项B为原词复现 我”，也会让“我”感到没有动力，空处应该是别人的成绩让“我” When I was a teenager,a neighborhood friend won 的成就显得非常渺小，所以就没有了信心。 a marathon race.Feeling motivated,I started running 3]复核验证，确定答案：把achievement填到空处后，句意通顺， regularly,but then two things happened.First,a girl I 上下文逻辑通畅，故B项为答案。 met one day told me she was training for a "super", referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon.Then,the 【技法归纳】 next day I went on my longest run-15 miles.To be 原词复现 honest,I hated it!Between the girl making my 45 同/近义词复现 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging,I decided 明确复现形式 同源词复现 空格前后关键信息 上下义复现 that the only reason why I'd ever run again is if a big 根据词语 复现选词 对比上下文与选项看是否有词汇复现 dog was running after me! “瞻前顾后”找规律 A.advantage B.achievement C.contribution D.influence 复核验证，确定答案 精品教辅·智慧人生 52 第二部分 专题三完形填空 【即时训练】 :2.同源词复现 1.同/近义词复现 (2022·全国乙)We brought young children aged (2020·全国Ⅱ)It was signed(签名)“Bonnato” 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at or so he thought,but when he researched it,he USC.Each sat down with an adult only found“Bonnard,”a French who covered her own eyes or ears. he A.parent B.child had never heard of.He bought a book and was C.researcher D.doctor surprised to find a picture of the artist Pierre3.上下义复现 Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same (2021·新课标I)Our in the factory garden as his father's painting. were simple:Place cakes on a moving belt.Attach A.painter B.designer icing(糖霜)cars.Apply icing eyes and nose. C.author D.actor A.joys B.ideas C.roles D.choices 解法2 根据作者情感态度选词 》 在做完形填空题时，考生一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和情感色彩 的重要词汇。作者在选择使用特定的褒义词或贬义词时就表达了自己的感情和意愿。考生做题时要抓 住这个线索，根据态度一致原则，进行合理推测，从而快速确定某些题目的正确答案。 典例剖析](2024·全国甲) My childhood is quite happy compared with;2.(2o21·全国乙)Simply saying thank you doesn't hers.I am that I did not need to go seem enough in certain situations.I was considering through the hardships like she did. this while working as a nurse just a few weeks A.grateful B.surprised ago.And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express C.convinced D.regretful different grades of gratitude(感谢). 分析根据上文“My childhood is..hers.”可知，与 .. 她（此处指作者的祖母）的童年相比，作者的童年是 She was for everything that the 相当幸福的。由此可推知，作者很感激(grateful)自 medical and nursing team had done for her. 己不需要经历像祖母经历过的那样的困难。故 A.grateful B.thoughtful 选A。 C.sorrowful D.fearful 【即时训练】 3.(2021·新课标I)Dad The son of a 1.(2023·新课标Ⅱ)He was so grocer,he'd spent the summers of his childhood and sent delivering food in Bernardsville,New Jersey. me a nice e-mail with pictures.It felt great to This was the sort of work that made you know that I had helped bring this family appreciate the dollars you earned and respect together again. those who did the work,he told me. A.thankful B.generous A.cried B.smiled C.proud D.sympathetic C.hesitated D.refused 解法3 根据语境暗示选词 )》 完形填空的每一道题都有依据，考生须在上下文中寻找依据。有时候问题的答案只需要考虑设空处 所在句或该句的上文或下文，但有时需综合考虑上下文。总结成口诀：每道题必有据，上下求索找信息。 [典例剖析](2024·新课标Ⅱ) After I made Italy my permanent home, A.open-minded B.strong-willed I discovered how Italians are.Neighbors will C.warm-hearted D.well-informed [1]定位设空句 关键信息1 [2]上下求索，找出关键信息：根据下文关键信息1：邻居们会给 bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door “我”送来新鲜的奶酪和关键信息2：下雨的时候会来“我”家门 关键信息2 口提醒我关上车窗，可推知作者发现意大利人都很热心。 to remind me to close the window in my car when rain [3]对比选项，得出答案：对比四个选项，可知C项“warm is coming. hearted"（热心的)符合句意。故选C 53 精品教辅·智慧人生 高三 二轮专题复习·英语 【技法归纳】 My friend spoke virtually no English, 定位设空句 so I happily took the chance to practice my 上文信息 Chinese. 根据语境 上下求索，找 下文信息 A.true B.so-called 暗示选词 出关键信息 上下文信息 C.new D.long-lost 对比选项，得出答案 2.上下文信息 (2022·新课标I)I tied a rope around his waist 【即时训练】 to keep him near to our spot.That lasted about 1.上文信息 ten minutes.He was uncomfortable,and his (2024·浙江1月)While taking a20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in crying let the whole campground know it.So tying him up,I just kept a close eye on northwestern China,I had the kind of humbling, : educational,and above all else,wonderful him.It worked-he didn't end up in the creck. encounter with a local that all travelers long for. A.due to B.instead of A young Chinese man approached me on the train. C.apart from D.as for 类型三 语篇层次题 解法1 根据首尾/前后文呼应选词 》 有时完形填空题的第一个空需要读完全文才能做出正确选择，有时最后一个空呼应全文主题，需要 结合全文主题（往往是开头首句）才能作答。此类跳跃性较强的设空需要考生牢牢把握住首尾呼应，结合 鲜明统一的主题来敲定答案。 典例剖析](2024·全国甲) ..Like in typical families,where boys were were worried because they were so misshapen: favored much more than girls,my grandma had to not at all like the nice,round,shiny things you stay at home to do housework.The only get in a supermarket.And the wine was cloudy, opportunity(机会)she could seize to study was in a funny old bottle with no label(标签)onit. when her brother was having Chinese lessons with These can't be any good,we thought.But we the family tutor... were thankful for his kindness,so we tried them. I've never faced the problem of ·I What we discovered is that it's unwise to guess our different childhood background is what judge what you eat only by its Those makes my grandmother such an amazing person to tomatoes had a taste that reminded me of the talk to:her stories always make my history textbooks ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. come alive. A.appearance B.quality A.unemployment B.health C.origin D.price C.education D.communication 2.When I first entered high school,I was overwhelmed 分析此题根据就近上下文信息找不到答案，需要 by the sheer size of everything.The towering 利用前后文呼应法来选词。根据上文中“She did; lockers,the endless hallways,and the sea of not have a chance to go to school.”和“The only unfamiliar faces all made me feel like a tiny fish opportunity(机会)she could seize to study was in a vast ocean, But by the time when her brother was having Chinese lessons with the graduation came,I had not only adapted but family tutor..”可知，祖母没有机会上学，所以此处 thrived-those same hallways now felt like 指作者从来没有遇到过教育方面的问题。故选C。 home,and the once-intimidating student body 【即时训练】 had become my second family. l.(2o23·全国甲)It was a very nice gesture for him A.anxious B.excited to make.But when we looked at the tomatoes,we C.confident D.curious 解法2 根据文章发展脉络选词 》 叙事类的完形填空的一般行文结构：故事开端一发展 高潮 结局。因此在解题时，考生必 须把握文章的走势，了解文章的发展脉络，揣摩文章字里行间的意义，选择与作者思路或意图相吻合的选 项，例如上文有因为，下文必然有所以；上文有其然，下文必有其所以然 精品教辅·智慧人生 54 第二部分 专题三完形填空 [典例剖析](2022·全国甲) You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats When David first adopted Max,the golden his dogs. retriever was just a skinny puppy trembling in the 8.0 corner of the shelter.1,David could see the The next week we walked our dogs together.intelligence in the dog's eyes.He immediately knew It was a hot day.When we paused to catch our breath, they were meant to be together. Steve got down on one knee.Was he proposing( During their first year,Max proved to be 2 )I liked him too,but so soon?He poured water than expected.He chewed David's favorite shoes, from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs.dug up the backyard,and once even got stuck in In that moment,I began to fall for him. the laundry basket.But through patient training, their bond grew stronger. A year later,much to my delight,this man Everything changed when David suffered a produced a little box with a ring and proposed to bike aceident.Max's 3 saved his life-the dog me.He did not kneel(down,nor did I need him ran to neighbors barking loudly until help arrived. to.That's only for giving to the dogs that This incident revealed Max's true 4 brought us together. A.toys B.awards C.food D.water Now certified as a therapy dog,Max brings 分析利用文章发展脉络解题。文章首段提出了：joy to hospital patients.David often reflects on how 一个观点：从一个人如何对待自己的狗能看出他的their,5 journey transformed both their lives in 为人。根据下文可知，作者是一位动物爱好者，她 ways he never imagined. 的男友Steve也是一位动物爱好者。在两人约会的 1.A.Therefore B.However 过程中，Steve喂作者的小狗喝水的一幕深深打动 C.Besides D.Meanwhile 了作者。一年之后，作者欣然接受了Steve的求婚。 2.A.smarter B.more obedient Steve没有通过下跪的方式向作者求婚，因为作者 C.more troublesome D.stronger 认为下跪这个动作只是为了给那些让他们走到一3.A.loyalty B.strength 起的小狗们“喝水”才做的。故选D。 C.curiosity D.speed 【即时训练】(2025·高三湖北荆州二模片段) 4.A.nature B.limit 文章脉络总结：开端：收养胆小的小狗→发： C.appearance D.weakness 展：调皮捣蛋的成长阶段→转折：救主事件→升！5.A.separate B.shared 华：成为治疗犬→主题：人与狗的共同成长 C.forgotten D.dangerous 新考法根据熟词生义选词 》 熟词生义是近几年高考不断出现的词汇活用现象。此类题目通常考查单词的语境含义，而不是我们 所熟知的教材上所给的意思，甚至词性也不是常见的，而是进行了转化。 [典例剖析](2024·新课标Ⅱ) But every time I tried to a sentence 【即时训练】 of Italian together,the locals smiled at me and 1.(2023·新课标I)On Oct..11,hundreds of praised my language skills. A.string B.hang C.mix D.match runners competed in a cross-country race in 分析细读本句可知句意为“但每次我试着用意大 Minnesota... 利语 一个句子时，当地人都会对我微笑， Although the two young women were strangers 称赞我的语言能力。”对比选项推断只有A项意思 ! before the they've since become 合适，因为string的熟义是“n.线，细绳，带子”，生 义就转化成了动词，意为“串起来”。用在此处非常 friends. 恰当，因为“我”的意大利语不熟练，只能把单个的 A.ride B.test 单词串成一个句子。故选A。 C.meet D.show 【技法归纳】 2.(2023·全国乙)She had to say goodbye to her 结合上下文语境进行推断 two dogs and to the beach,where she loved to 熟词生义 结合生活常识或利用排除法 waves on her board. 选词 积累常见的熟词生义词（见本 A.cause B.observe 书分册《考前必背》) C.ride D.strike 55 精品教辅·智慧人生物的肥料有关。故C选项“确保为你的植物施用合适的肥 料。”符合语境。故选C。] 5.F[根据上文“Water your plant before you put it in so you can wet the root ball.Sprinkle()in a little bit of fertilizer and put your plant in.”和下文“For seeds,stick your finger into the dirt.,,”可知，空处承接上文说明种植的下一步是 什么且与dirt有关。故F选项“然后用泥土把植物围起来， 在周围围一个小圈以便浇水。”符合语境。故选F。] 语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了作者对于 “孩子是自我中心的”这一观点的不同意，并通过自已创立非 营利组织Colorbreak的经历，阐述了孩子可以帮助他人的事 实。文章还列举了志愿者活动的多个好处，并鼓励读者积极 参与志愿者活动，以及可以参与志愿者活动的多种场所。 1,A[空前“Throughout my childhood,I listened to adults repeatedly describe children as self-centered.(在我的整个童 年时期，我总是听到大人们反复形容孩子们是‘以自我为中 心的’。)”提到成年人反复形容孩子以自我为中心；而空后 "I founded the non-profit organization Colorbreak in 2019 to prove that kids can help others.(于是在20l9年成立了非营 利组织Colorbreak,旨在证明孩子们也能帮助他人。)”则指 出作者成立非营利组织证明孩子可以帮助他人。选项A (对此我并不认同。)直接表达对前文观点的反对，形成转 折，逻辑连贯。故选A。] 2.G[空后“One of those is that volunteering creates a brighter future,for it provides vital assistance for worthy causes and people in need..(其中之一是，志愿服务能创造更 光明的未来，因为它为有价值的事业和有需要的人提供了 重要帮助。)”列举“志愿服务创造更光明的未来”、“提供重 要帮助”等，均为学生参与志愿活动的原因。选项G(学生 应该参与志愿服务的原因有很多。)引出下文对原因的具体 阐述，符合段落结构。故选G。] 3.D[空前“One of those is that volunteering creates a brighter future,for it provides vital assistance for worthy causes and people in need.(其中之一是，志愿服务能创造更 光明的未来，因为它为有价值的事业和有需要的人提供了 重要帮助。)”提到志愿服务对社会的意义；而下文“Fo example,volunteering helps kids build empathy(共情)， ...and talking with a stranger who shares your interests and is working for the same cause may turn into a pleasant experience..(例如，当孩子们付出时间和关怀去帮助有需要 的人时，他们会建立共情能力。在志愿服务过程中，你可能 会结识新朋友，与一个和你有共同兴趣、为同一事业努力的 陌生人交谈，可能会成为一段愉快的经历。)”转向对志愿者 自身的益处。选项D(志愿服务对志愿者自身也有许多益 处。)通过“lso”衔接，标志话题从“社会层面”转向“个人层 面”，过渡自然。故选D。] 4.E[上文“While volunteering,you may meet new people, and talking with a stranger who shares your interests and is working for the same cause may turn into a pleasant experience.Bringing existing friends along on a project can be a fun way to bond with them.(在志愿服务过程中，你可 能会结识新朋友，与一个和你有共同兴趣、为同一事业努力 的陌生人交谈，可能会成为一段愉快的经历。带上现有的 朋友一起参与项目，也是与他们建立更紧密联系的有趣方 式。)”提到“与有共同兴趣的陌生人交流”、“和朋友一起参 与项目”是愉快的经历。选项E(因此，投身于一项共同的 活动会提升你的幸福感。)以“Thus”总结，指出共同参与活 动能提升幸福感，是对前文的逻辑延伸。故选E。] 5.B[空后“You can volunteer at your local library,an animal shelter,a community center,and more！(你可以在 当地图书馆、动物收容所、社区中心等地方参与志愿服 务！)”列举了“图书馆、动物收容所、社区中心”等多种志愿 场景。选项B(志愿的可能性是无穷无尽的！)概括了志愿 机会的多样性，与后文例子呼应。故选B。] ·2 第二部分 语言运用篇 专题三完形填空 第一节归类型学技法 类型一句内层次题 解法1 即时训练 l,A[gather聚集；cheer欢呼；leave留下；wait等待。根据 下文“on Sundays,birthdays,and whatever other excuses they can come up with”,再结合生活常识可知，在这些时间 意大利家庭热爱聚餐。故选A。] 2.B Lplan计划；struggle努力，争取；refuse拒绝；happen出 现，发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy'”和生活 常识可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难 沟通交流。故选B。] 3.D[go away离开；stand up站起来；step aside让路；bend down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”及 生活常识可知，Bailey只有弯下腰，Lenoue才能爬到她的背 上。故选D。] 解法2 即时训练 l.C[ambition雄心；success成功；appetite食欲；growth发 育。根据上文“As a foodie'”可知，作者是一个美食家，所以 应该是“刺激食欲”。故选C。] 2.B[costume服装；dish莱肴；symbol符号；tale故事。结合 上下文可知，本段内容与饮食有关。再结合下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another" 可推知，此处指每个城镇都有自己的传统莱肴。故选B。] 3.B[courage勇气；aid帮助；patience耐心；advice建议。根 据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示“看她是否能在 她的帮助下向前走”。故选B。] 解法3 即时训练 1.D[以上选项与后面的介词t0构成固定搭配后意思分别 是：attend to处理，照料：refer to参考；lead to导致；talk to 与…谈话。根据上文“my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood”可知，作者的祖母会讲自己小时 候的故事给作者听。所以童年背景和经历的不同让祖母成 为一个很棒的交谈对象。故选D。] 2.D[以上选项与后面的介词wth构成短语后的意思分别 是：cooperate with与·合作；side with支持某人（反 对…)；negotiate with与…协商；engage with与…建 立密切关系。根据空后“with locals from all walks of life 可知，此处指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with。故选D。] 3.B[force强迫；transform转换，改造，彻底改变；persuade 劝说；put放。由下文“Douglas into one of the best gymnasts'”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变成世界上最好 的体操运动员之一，transform..into..是固定搭配，意为 “使……变成……”。故选B。 解法4 即时训练 l.B[secret秋密；breath呼吸；view视野；tongue舌头。根 据上文“they would walk through deep water,sit down cross-legged underwater and hold”可知，此处描述的是他们 下水的一系列动作，在水下肯定是屏住呼吸。故选B。] 2.A[delay延误；chance机会；trouble麻烦；excuse借口。 根据下文“because she was carrying a.,across the finish line”可推知，她背着另一名竞争对手冲过终，点线会造成延 误。故选A。 3.A hard困难的；fine好的；common常见的；lucky幸运 的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”,转折词but以及下文 "having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work out”可推知，此处指George很难冷 静下来。故选A。] 4.A[根据上文的“you won't be able to handle it and the. develops into an unpleasant scene and..,.”可知，and连接的 三个句子在意思上层层递进，最终造成不好的结果，即毁掉 (ruin)大家的一天。故选A。] 9 类型二句组层次题 解法1 即时训练 l.A[由上文中的Bonnard以及下文中的“find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair"可知，此 处表示一位法国画家(painter)。artist与painter是近义词。 故选A。 2.B[根据上文“We brought young children aged2-4into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，此处表示每 个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起。故选B。门 3.CL根据下文“Place cakes on a moving belt.Attach icing (糖霜)ears..from the belt..”可知，这里介绍的是作者他 们在工厂的具体工作或职责。role除了表示“角色”外，还 可以表示“职责，作用”。故选C。] 解法2 即时训练 l.A[thankful感激的；generous慷慨的；proud骄傲的； sympathetic同情的。根据下文“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures”和“I had helped bring this family together again”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。 故选A。] 2.A[依据上文中的“gratitude(感谢)”可知，此处是她感激 医护人员为她做的一切。故选A。] 3.B[根据下文说到的作者的父亲童年时期的“打工”经历可 知，作者的父亲是理解作者当下的感受的，所以他会心一笑 (smile)。故选B。 解法3 即时训练 l.C[true真的；so-called所谓的；new新的；long-lost很久不 见的。根据上文“I had the kind of humbling,educational, and above all else,wonderful encounter with a local that all travelers long for'”可知，两人是新认识的，所以是新朋友。 故选C。] 2.B[due to由于；instead of代替，而不是；apart from除了； as for至于。根据上文“He was uncomfortable,and his crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子 后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳子，而是密切关 注着他。故选B。 类型三语篇层次题 解法1 即时训练 l,A[appearance外观；quality质量；origin源头；price价格。 结合前后文可知，作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿 是畸形的，对其感到担心，但是后来发现它的味道比超市的 西红柿要好，所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是 不明智的。故选A。 2.A[首尾呼应线索：开头使用“overwhelmed'”(不堪重负)和 “tiny fish in a vast ocean”(沧海一粟)的比喻，结尾形成对 比“adapted but thrived”(适应并成长)。需要填入与开头负 面情绪一致的形容词。A项“anxious”(焦虑的)完美呼应； B项“excited”(兴奋的)→与上下文负面情绪矛盾；C项 “confident”(自信的)→与成长结果混淆；D项“curious”(好 奇的)→中性词不符合强烈负面情绪。只有A项符合“不 适应阶段”的心理状态。」 解法2 即时训练 1.B[前文“skinny..·trembling”负面描述与后文 “intelligence”积极发现形成转折，必须用转折词连接矛盾 信息。A表因果，C表并列，D表同时发生，均不符。] 2.C[后文“chewed..,dug..got stuck”具体举例调皮行为，必 须选负面程度形容词。B与事实相反，A/D与举例无关。] 3.A[救主行为体现核心品质，后文“barking..until help arrived"强调坚持而非B/D的物理能力，C与紧急情境矛盾。] 4.A[前文救主事件揭示“真实本性”，与第一段“intelligence” 形成品质呼应。B/D负面词与主题矛盾，C仅涉及表面特 征（外貌），而上下文需要体现内在品质。] 2 5.B[总结段强调“their lives”双向影响，必须选体现共同经 历的词汇。A/C否定关系，D与事实不符。] 新考法 即时训练 l.C[结合上文“hundreds of runners competed in a cross country race”及“the two young women were strangers before”可知，此处表示这两名年轻女子在“比赛(meet)”前 是陌生人，但后来成了朋友。meet常见的意思为“相遇，遇 见”，在此处的语境中意为“体育比赛，运动会”。故选C。] 2.C[由上文“the beach”及下文“waves on her board”可知， 她喜欢在海滩上“冲(ride)”浪。本题考查ride的生义，意为 “漂浮”。ride(the)waves意为“冲浪”。故选C。] 第二节热考点练模拟 同源高考主题集训 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dave在不 熟悉冲浪的情况下，独自去冲浪，却被浪打得失去了信心。这 时，熟练的冲浪者Mike过来帮助了他，在Mke的指导下， Dave熟练地掌握了冲浪的方法。 l.A「surfboard冲浪板；wetsuit潜水衣；shorts短裤；glasses 眼镜。根据后文“But when he began to surf,something_2 happened.”提到他开始冲浪可知，此处指在圣诞节收到了 冲浪板这一礼物。故选A。] 2.C[exciting令人激动的；joyful令人揄快的；scary恐怖的； sorrowful悲伤的。根据后文“Dave thought he knew the water well,but a big wave 3 him away.Dave felt powerless against the in the deep water and lost confidence..”可知，此处指发生了恐怖的事情。故选C。] 3.B[put放：sweep卷，横扫；give给：attract吸引。根据空 前“a big wave”可知，当他认为自己很熟悉水性的时候，一 个巨浪将他卷走。故选B。] 4.D [beach海滩；seaweed海草；shore海岸；current激流。 根据空前“Dave felt powerless against the”可知，Dave感觉 到了无力，因此是在面对深水里的急流时，他没有了力气。 故选D。] 5.A[recognize认出；challenge挑战；question质疑；join加 入。根据后文“It was Mike.”可知，这是Mike,故Dave认出 了他是Mike。故选A。] 6.C[think of考虑：speak of提到；let go of放手；take notice of注意到。根据后文“and relax a little”可知，Mike让Dave 放松一，点，点，故首先应该要放下恐惧。故选C。 7.D[take拿起；load装戟；bear忍受；shift转移。根据后文 "As you start to build up speed,move your 8 back until you feel balanced.”可知，开始加速时，就将重心往后移，故 此处指先将重心向前转移。故选D。] 8.A weight重量，重心；focus焦，点；leg腿；hand手。根据 前文“Let the wave pick you up,then your weight forward.”可知，前文提到先将重心往前移，故此处指等到 准备加速时，就将重心往后，直到保持平衡。故选A。] 9.B[sand沙滩；shallows浅水区；destination目的地；center 中心。根据空后“near the shore”可知，他到达了海岸附近 的浅水区。故选B。] lO.D [quit放弃；share分享；doubt怀疑；grasp掌握。根据 前文“fascinated that the current which had terrified him was seen as a helpful way by Mike'”可知，Dave觉得曾经让 他感到害怕的急流，在Mk的帮助下却成了有用的东西， 说明他已经掌握了冲浪。故选D。 ll.B Lcautious小心的；afraid害怕的；tired疲惫的；sceptical 怀疑的。根据前文“First,you need to6 that fear”可 知，Mike让Dave放下恐惧，故可推知Dave是害怕巨浪 的。故选B。 l2.C[sight视线；breath呼吸；depth深度；mind大脑。根据 空前的转折“He was right to be11 of the big waves, but no longer did he fee”可知，尽管他害怕巨浪，但现在对 于巨浪，并不感到力不从心了，out of one's depth“感觉到 力不从心，为某人力所不及”。故选C。] l3.C[survivor幸存者；competitor竞争者；professional专业 人士；natural天赋选手。根据前文“Looks like you don't