专题一 四选一阅读 第二节 题型三 主旨大意题-【创新大课堂】2026年高考二轮英语专题复习

高三二轮专题复习·英语 E But here's the thing:It's not just advertising. (2025·高三山西太原·二模) The rise of inexpensive products made on a large Right now,I have three different water scale has made it way too easy to live wastefully. bottles sitting on my desk.My makeup table is so These products are often affordable and non- messy that it would take me at least three minutes durable so that they can be frequently replenished to locate my lipstick.Under my bed I have bags, (补充)at low cost..I mean,how many of us have bought a trendy $10 shirt,only to throw it after a purses and who knows what else that I've few wears?Similarly,fast furniture is generating forgotten about.Sound familiar?Be honest:How massive waste as home owners turn to these cheap often does your social media scrolling lead to and stylish pieces of furniture that often do not last shopping?And how many of those things that long.The faster buyers replenish their products, advertisements made you buy did you actually the more waste is created. need? As I sit here,surrounded by the mess and Advertising,or marketing,often gets the reflecting on my shopping habits,a realization has dawned on me.It is ultimately the choice of blame for fueling wasteful consumption,and I can individuals who must decide what they should buy see why.It involves employing persuasive techniquesand not be influenced by advertising or submit to to encourage an addictive behavior that results in the temptation of cheap and trendy products.After repeat buying.Companies often advocate strategies all,there is just so much we can eat,wear or use. such as limited-time discounts,promotions and Maybe it's time to think twice before clicking"add coupons(优惠券).I've definitely fallen for them:to cart". many times.A membership card is another :5.How does the author introduce the topic? A.By comparing different lifestyles. effective form of marketing that increases the B.By relating to her own experience. likelihood of returning customers.Since buying C.By stressing her addiction to technology. more will lead to the accumulation of loyalty points D.By questioning the function of household items. (积分)，customers will return regularly to 语境猜词 purchase items.When their loyalty points are about ①non-durable adj. to expire,customers will return to buy more even ②dawned on if they do not need them. 题型三 主旨大意题 主旨大意即作者在文章或段落中想要表达的主要内容，是文章或段落的核心思想，也是作者通过行 文逻辑和各种细节信息闸明的核心内容。把握主旨大意是英语阅读理解的一项关键能力，对正确理解全 文有重要意义。考生在解题时应通过略读捕捉文中的关键词句，把握篇章和段落结构，梳理篇章和段落 的行文脉络，从而弄清作者的写作思路，最终归纳出主旨大意。高考阅读理解中，对该关键能力的考查主 要有以下三种：归纳段落大意、理解全文主旨和选定最佳标题。 考向1 段落大意题 》 段落大意题主要考查考生对段落核心信息的理解，要求考生在理解段落内容的基础上提炼出核心信 息，然后对比选项，选出最契合段落主要内容的选项。段落大意题常见设问形式：What is the first/, second/...paragraph mainly about?What does paragraph...mainly talk about?What does the writer try to express in paragraph... 精品教辅·智慧人生 20 第一部分专题一四选一阅读 [典例剖析](2024·新课标I,B片段) Leigh Tindale's dog Charlie had a serious heart condition.After Charlie 串联各句内容，提炼段落主旨： 本段主要介绍了两个整体医学的具体 had a heart attack,Tindale says,she was prepared to put him to sleep,but 的治疗案例：①Leigh Tindale的狗 关健信息1：案例① Charlie患心脏痛，采用整体医学治疗 Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to 后，病情好转，能够多活5个月： ②Priscilla Dewing家的马Nappy经过 keep him alive for an additional five months.And Priscilla Dewing reports 整体医学治疗后移动更容易，骑着更舒 关键信息2：案例② 适了。由此可知，本段主要通过这两个 that her horse,Nappy,"moves more easily and rides more comfortably"after 具体的治疗案例来说明整体医学的有 a chiropractic adjustment. 效性。 26.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? 对比分析选项，确定答案： 设问方向：第三段的段落大意 对比选项发现，D项“整体医学的有效 A.Steps of a chiropractic treatment. 性”与本段主旨最为契合，为正确答策。 B.The complexity of veterinarians'work. C.Examples of rare animal diseases. D.The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 【技法归纳】 分析各句大意 语境猜词 ①retention n. 段落大意题 串联各句内容 合并相同内容， 提炼段落主旨 去掉次要内容 ②compromise v. 对比分析选项，确定答案 B 【即时训练】 (2025·全国高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解D) A (2025·高三浙江杭州二模，片段) It should be noted that none of the items on Technology and Learning wastED's menu was technically made from A recent study published in the Journal of:garbage.Instead,all the ingredients used Educational Technology examined the impact of:were examples of meat cuts and produce that most Al-assisted learning platforms in high school restaurants would never consider serving.Things classrooms.The research found that students using like kale ribs,fish collars,rejected sweet potatoes, these platforms showed a 23%improvement in and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, concept retention compared to traditional with the help of a number of good chefs,turned methods.However,the study cautioned that overinto excellent cuisine. reliance on technology might reduce students' independent problem-solving abilities."When used2.What is paragraph5 mainly about? appropriately,"the researchers noted,"these tools A.Why the ingredients were used. can significantly enhance learning outcomes without compromising fundamental cognitive skills. B.Which dishes were best liked. C.What the dishes were made of. 1.What is the main idea of this paragraph? A.Al platforms are replacing traditional teaching. D.Where the ingredients were bought. +…十十+…十+十+十”十+十…++十”十+…十+十+十” B.AI learning has benefits but needs proper use. 语境猜词 C.Technology harms independent thinking. re-appropriate v. D.Schools must adopt Al immediately. +。+++++十+++++++++…+++…十+++ 考向2 文章大意题 》 文章大意题主要考查考生对一篇文章的整体理解，要求考生具备在速读中准确掌握全文主旨的能 力。考生需要在理解全文内容的基础上，通过归纳概括、推理判断等逻辑思维活动，概括出全文主旨大 意。文章大意题常见设问形式：What is the text mainly about?What's the main idea of the text'?What is mainly talked about in the text? 21 精品教辅·智慧人生 高三二轮专题复习·英语 [典例剖析](2024·新课标Ⅱ，C) We all know fresh is best when it comes to food.However,most produce at 串联各段落大意，提炼文章主旨： the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before ①第一段以新鲜食物的重要性及 reaching the table.While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the 商店农产品运输过程影响新鲜度 的问题导入，引出巴比伦微农场 journey,Babylon Micro-Farm(BMF)shortens it even more.[第-段主题句] (BMF),指出其大大缩短运输路 BMF is an indoor garden system.It can be set up for a family.Additionally,it 程的优势。 could serve a larger audience such as a hospital,restaurant or school.The ②第二段强调巴比伦微农场通过 innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh 创新型设计来保证新鲜蔬莱 greens..[第二段主题句] 供应。 Specifically,it's a farm that relies on new technology.[第三段主题句]By ③第三段详细说明巴比伦微农场 connecting through the Cloud,BMF is remotely monitored.Also,there is a 依靠的新技术及其带来的优势。 ④第四段和第五段指出巴比伦微 convenient app that provides growing data in real time.Because the system is 农场在可持续发展方面的优势。 automated,it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. 综合以上段意可知，本文主要介 Rather than watering rows of soil,the system provides just the right amount to 绍巴比伦微农场(BMF)的优势 each plant.After harvest,users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded 对比分析选项，确定答案： pod(容器)to get the next growth cycle started.. 对比选项发现，A项“巴比伦微农 Moreover,having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero 场(BMF)的主要优势”与文章主 emissions(排放)[关键信息]from transporting plants from soil to salad..In 旨最为契合，为正确答案。 addition,there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environmentl[关键信息第四段大意]. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.[第五段主题句] About half of them walk or bike to work.Inside the office,they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic."We are passionate about reducing waste,carbon and chemicals in our environment," said a BMF employee. 31.What does the text mainly talk about? 设问方向：本文的大意 A.BMF's major strengths. B.BMF's general management. C.BMF's global influence. D.BMF's technical standards. 【技法归纳】 Russia's half. After launch,Nauka will take eight days to reach 段首句或段尾句 the ISS.Once attached,it will act as a new centre 主题 转折词后的句子或疑问 for the Russian part of the station."It's a science 句 分析各段 句的答语 laboratory,and it also provides a lot of important 落大意 表示总结或结论的句子 service systems,"says Anatoly Zak,editor of a website.Planned research includes biological and 高频词、核心词 文章大 materials science experiments."It's a step in 意题 串联各段落大意， 合并相同内容，去掉次 making the Russian part more independent (from 提炼文章主旨 要内容 the US part)."This includes a new toilet inside the module and sleeping rooms for the crew. 对比分析选项，确定答案 The launch of Nauka has been a long time 【即时训练】(2025·河北·校联考模拟预测) coming,with construction of the module beginning Russia is launching a new module()for the in the 1990s.Technical and supply issues since International Space Station(ISS),after more than:then,such as the loss of components from Ukraine a decade of delays.The Nauka module is set to lift;following the Russian annexation(of Crimea off from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on;in 2014,have seen development stumble top of a Proton-M rocket at around 15:00 GMT:)."It's much more complex than anything the today,along with a new robotic arm for the station: Russian space programme has tried to build in the created by the European Space Agency. last few years,says Zak.Russia's last module- The ISS is composed of modules and equipment Rassvet was carried to the ISS by a US spacecraft from different space agencies including Europe,Japan in 2010. and Canada,but the major part of the station is What is the text mainly about? composed of two main sections,a Russian part and A.Ways of space exploration. a US part.At 13 meters long and weighing more B.Meaning of Nauka to ISS. than 20 tonnes,Nauka,also called the Multipurpose C.Great functions of a launch. Laboratory Module,will be among the largest in D.Launch of a new module. 精品教辅·智慧人生 22 第一部分 专题一四选一阅读 考向3 标题归纳题 》 标题是文章中心思想的精练表达。标题归纳题主要考查考生把握文章主旨、理解文章中心思想的能 力，要求考生在理解文章的基础上运用判断、归纳、概括等方法，对文章的主题进行提炼或高度概括，最终 准确地选出文章的标题。标题归纳题常见设问形式：Which is the most suitable title for the text？What can be a suitable title for the text?Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage? [典例剖析](2024·全国甲，B) Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways..For instance,almost all串联各段落大意，提炼文章主旨： animals have distinct vocals(that they rely on to either ask for help,scare away ①第一段段意：猫是一种特殊的 any dangerous animals or look for shelter.But cats are special creatures who 动物，拥有惊人的发声技能。 possess amazing vocalization skills.[第一段主题句]They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you're able to interpret it.If a pet cat is hungry,it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.However, when a cat is looking for affection,they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed. Cats have many heightened senses,but their sense of smell is quite impressive. ②第二段段意：猫有许多敏锐的 段主题句]They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any 感官，尤其是它们的嗅觉更令人 signs of danger.They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to 印象深刻。 ③第三段段意：猫的抓取能力 relax.However,another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is 很强。 by looking for familiar smells.Your cat will likely smell your face and store the 综合以上段意可知，本文主要介 smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future.That's why most pet绍猫的一些行为习惯以及背后的 cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats,which原因和意义。 they don't usually like. 对比分析选项，确定答案： Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,but cats take this 对比选项发现，B项“了解你的猫 behavior up a notch.[第三段主题句]Many cats will find random objects outside 的行为”概括精准，统领全文，为 and bring them to their owners.This is a very old habit that's been present in all 正确答策。其他千扰项：A项“找 一只聪明猫的小贴士”，C项“和你 kinds of predators(食肉动物).Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love 的猫玩得开心”和D项“如何让你 you.These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their 的猫保持健康”都偏离了主題。 nature since the beginning of time.So just go along with it! 27.What is a suitable title for the text? 设问方向：适合本文的标题 A.Tips on Finding a Smart Cat B.Understanding Your Cat's Behavior C.Have Fun with Your Cat D.How to Keep Your Cat Healthy 【技法归纳】 studies also show declines in①pedestrian(行人) 段首句或段尾句 mobility,especially among young children.Many 主题转折词后的句子或疑问 parents say there's too much traffic on the roads 句 句的答语 for their children to walk safely to school,so they 分析各段 表示总结或结论的句子 落大意 pack them into the car instead. 高频词、核心词 Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te 串联各段落大意， 合并相同内容，去掉次 Brommelstroet are bothered by facts like these.In 标题归 提炼文章主旨 要内容 their new book Movement:How to Take Back Our 纳题 概括精准 Streets and Trans form Our Lives,they call for a 正确选项特点 统领全文 rethink of our streets and the role they play in our 对比分析 醒目新颖 lives. 选项确定 以偏概全 Life on city streets started to change decades ago. 答案 干扰项特征 概括过度 Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make 无中生有 way for new road networks and kids had to play 【即时训练】(2025·全国高考I卷·阅读理解C) elsewhere.Some communities fought back.Most While safety improvements might have been famously,a Canadian journalist who had moved her made to our streets in recent years,transport family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a 23 精品教辅·智慧人生 高三二轮专题复习·英语 campaign to stop the destruction of her local park.:but we fail to account for the true costs.Do we Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement really recognise what it costs us as a society when with an expressway,Jane Jacobs called on her children can't move safely around our communities? mayor(市长)to③champion“New York as a decent;The authors of Movement have it right:it's time to place to live,and not just rush through."Similar think differently about that street outside your campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s front door. and 1970s as well. What can be a suitable title for the text? Although these campaigns were widespread, A.Why the Rush? B.What's Next? the reality is that the majority of the western cities C.Where to Stay? D.Who to Blame? were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.The number of cars on roads has been 语境猜词 Dpedestrian mobility n. increasing rapidly.In Australia we now have over ②expressway n. twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million ③champion. people,among the highest rate of car ownership in ④account for the world. ⑤motor car n. We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, 题型四 词句猜测题 词句猜测题基本上是阅读理解每年必考的题型。此类题型旨在考查考生根据上下文推断单词、短语 或句子的本意或外延含义的能力，既可以考查生词的意义，也可以考查熟词的新义，还可以是对代词所指 代内容的判断。 考向1 词义猜测题 》 词义猜测题主要考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个单词或词组含义的能力， 这些词和词组往往超出考纲范围，但在文章阅读中起到一定的作用。词义猜测题的设问方式主要有： What does the underlined word/phrase "...in paragraph...mean/refer to?What's closest in meaning to“..”in paragraph..？Which of the following best explains“..”underlined in paragraph..? Which expression can best replace the underlined word/phrase "..."in paragraph...? 技法1根据逻辑关系猜词义 典例剖析](2024·新课标Ⅱ，D片段) In the wrong hands,such a book could prove as complicated to process 判断逻辑关系：信号词but,thankfully表 线索句 示转折关系，暗示画线短语所在部分与后 面的意思相反。 as the computer code(that powers AI but,thankfully,Campbell has 分析解题线索并推断词义：后面的句子提 信号词 到坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，能把复 more than two decades'professional experience translating the heady into 杂难懂的东西翻译成可以理解的东西 线索句 结合转折关系可以推断，前面应该表示 the understandable.She writes from the practical angle of a business person “如果是由能力较差的人来写，这样一本 验证句 书可能会和驱动人工智能的计算机代码 一样复杂”，故推测画线短语表示“如果是 rather than as an academic,making for a guide which is highly accessible 由能力不足的人写的”。 and informative and which,by the close,will make you feel almost as smart 验证词义：后文说她从一个商业人士的实 as AI. 际角度而不是从一个学者的角度来写作， 32.What does the phrase“In the wrong hands'”in paragraph2 probably这使得这本指南非常容易理解而且信息 mean? 丰富。这也证明了她有能力，写得好，故 设问方向：第二段中画线短语“In the wrong hands”的意思 C项正确。 A.If read by someone poorly educated. B.If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C.If written by someone less competent. D.If translated by someone unacademic. 精品教辅·智慧人生 24化，整体意图是推荐该方法。A项未提及对传统lecture的 批评：C项“客观对比”不符倾向性表述：D项与作者弱化缺 点的态度矛盾。故选B。] 语境猜词 ①教学法的②超过 3.D[写作意图题。根据选段中的“Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride...The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates,see like Thoreau,listen like Schopenhauer,and have no regrets like Nietzsche.”可知，作者在本段开头描写了Weiner的书的内 容，接着通过列举几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后 我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，作者列举几位伟大的 哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiner的书。故选D。] 语境猜词 ①把…置于…中②与其说…（不如说……） 低频考点 即时训练 1.B[推理判断题。文章主要介绍了《Plot Twist》这本书的 内容，包括作者的写作方式、书中的内容以及对读者的帮助 等，还对这本书进行了评价，所以这篇文章最有可能来自一 篇书评。故选B。 语境猜词 ①意外打击；突然影响②意外挫折；生活突变 2.B[文章类型题。依据“文体特征”法。片段包含研究数据 (“study notes'"“Researchers observed”)、专业结论(“dual benefits'”“worth implementing'”)及客观表述，符合科研论文 特征。A项“个人博客”缺乏数据支撑：C项“广告”应有促 销语言；D项“小说”需情节描写。故选B。] 语境猜词 ①凝聚力②实施 3.A[推理判断题。根据第一段“Every month,anew contest will begin.Poetry.com prides itself in supporting and encouraging all writers,regardless of background, education or experience,(每个月都会开始一场新的比赛。 Poetry.com以支持和鼓励所有作家而自豪，无论其背景、教 育或经历如何)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了 Poetry..com网站上诗歌比赛的运作方式、奖项设置、评选方 式等相关信息，所以读者对象应是诗歌爱好者。故选A项。] 语境猜词 ①截止日期②参赛者 4.A[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“As Canada's Minster of Environment and Climate Change,I saw the power of business,financial institutions,cities and regions to help accelerate positive change,(作为加拿大环境与气候变 化部长，我见证了企业、金融机构、城市和地区在助力加速积 极变革方面的力量。)”可知，作者看到了企业、金融机构、城 市和地区在加速积极变化方面的力量，由此可推测接下来作 者可能会列举一些各方共同努力实现绿色目标的例子。故 选A。] 语境猜词 ①恢复②披露；公开 5.B[推理判断题。根据第一段“Right now,I have three different water bottles sitting on my desk.My makeup table is so messy that it would take me at least three minutes to locate my lipstick.Under my bed I have bags,purses and who knows what else that I've forgotten about.(现在，我桌 上放着三个不同的水瓶。我的化妆台太乱了，我至少得花 三分钟才能找到我的口红。我的床底下有袋子、钱包，天知 道还有什么我已经忘记的东西)”和“Be honest::How often does your social media scrolling lead to shopping?And how many of those things that advertisements made you buy did you actually need？(说实话：你浏览社交媒体的频率是多 少？广告让你买的东西中有多少是你真正需要的？)”可知， 作者通过讲述自己的经历来引出浪费性消费这一话题。故 选B项。 语境猜词 ①非耐用的②逐渐明白；开始意识到 ·2 题型三主旨大意题 考向1 即时训练 1.B[段落大意题。依据“全面概括”法。段落既肯定了AI的 优势(“23%improvement'”),又指出风险(“over-reliance'”),强 调合理使用的重要性。A项“取代”过于绝对；C项只强调负 面；D项“必须”未体现研究的谨慎态度。故选B。 语境猜词 ①保留，记忆②损害 2.C[段落大意题。根据文章第五段“It should be noted that none of the items on wastED's menu was technically made from garbage...,and cucumber butts were all re appropriated and,with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine,(值得注意的是，从技术上讲， wastED的莱单上没有一项是由垃圾制成的。相反，所有使 用的食材都是大多数餐馆永远不会考虑供应的肉类部位和 农产品。羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红薯和黄瓜蒂等东 西都被重新利用，在许多优秀厨师的助力下，变成了美味的 莱看)”可知，本段主要介绍了wastED莱单上的莱品所用的 配料，如羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红薯和黄瓜蒂等，所 以本段主要讲的是这些莱肴是由什么做成的。故选C。] 语境猜词 重新利用 考向2 即时训练 语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了俄罗斯把一个 新的太空舱发射到国际空间站。 D[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，根 据第一段首句“Russia is launching a new module(舱)for the International Space Station (ISS),after more than a decade of delays..(经过十多年的拖延，俄罗斯正在为国际空 间站发射一个新的太空舱。)”可知，本文主要讲述了俄罗斯 把一个新的太空舱发射到国际空间站。故选D。] 考向3 即时训练 语篇解读议论文主题语境：人与社会一历史、社会与文 化 一城市交通与生活 A[理解文章主旨要义。文章的核心批判是当前的城市 规划和交通方式（以车为主）让人们“匆匆而过”(ush through),只追求通行效率(help us rush through),却忽视 了这种“匆忙”(rush)带来的社会成本（如儿童失去安全活 动的空间，活动能力下降)。作者呼吁重新思考街道的作 用，让城市成为生活的地方，而不仅仅是通道。A项“Why the Rush?”(我们为何要如此匆忙？)直接，点明了文章质疑的 核心 这种追求速度、忽视生活质量的“匆忙”是否有必 要？它是否值得付出如此高的社会代价？这个标题最能引 发学生的批判性思考。B项“接下来是什么？”：C项“待在 何处？”；D项“谁负责？”。] 语境猜词 ①行人通行便利度②快速路③倡导④考虑⑤机动车 题型四词句猜测题 考向1 技法1 即时训练 1.B[词义猜测题。根据上下文逻辑，从第三段画线单词所 在句的三个并列谓语动词“accelerate(加快)”、“push forward(推进)”以及“strengthen(加强)”可以推断，bolster 意为“促进，加强”。故选B。] 2.A[词义猜测题。前文提到学生最初写作表现差，后文描 述其提交的长篇感人故事，形成反差，故“staggering”强调 “令人惊叹的”，与A项匹配。故选A。] 3.A[词义猜测题。后文提到“like nature does”(自然园艺 不用化肥和机械)，因此“eschewing”应与“avoiding”同义。 故选A。」 4.B[词义猜测题。前文讨论性别化产品的弊端，但 “however”后提到拟人化能改变刻板印象，故“a silver lining”指困境中的“积极面”。故选B。 技法2 即时训练 l,B[词义精测题。根据语法结构，“champion”位于不定式 “to”后作动词，且宾语为“New York as a decent place to live”,应表示“支持”或“倡导”。故选B。 2