专题一 四选一阅读 第二节 题型一 细节理解题-【创新大课堂】2026年高考二轮英语专题复习

第一部分专题一四选一阅读 [典例](2024·新课标Ⅱ，C片段) :套路4颠倒是非 Also,there is a convenient app that provides 颠倒是非是基于原文信息得出错误的、偏离或 growing data in real time.Because the system is 有悖于原文的结论，命题人据此设置干扰项，干扰 考生思考。 automated,it significantly reduces the amount of [典例](2024·浙江1月，C片段) water needed to grow plants.Rather than Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning watering rows of soil,the system provides just their impacts,no one has succeeded in winning a the right amount to each plant.After harvest, lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.Hence, users simply replace the plants with a new pre- private climate engineering can proceed in seeded pod(容器)to get the next growth cycle relative legal safety. started. Q:What can we infer from the last paragraph? Q:What information does the convenient app 千扰项：B.Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada. offer? 千扰项：D.Availability of pre-seeded pods. C.The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared. 分析原文最后一句信息是“私人气候工程可以 分析选项中的pre-seeded pods(容器)与文中 在相对合法安全的情况下进行”，而B项“在加拿 的信息是一致的，但是忽略了原文中的“users 大，私人气候工程是非法的”就是颠倒是非，推理 simply replace the plants with”,是用户直接用提 错误；原文第一句信息是“没有人成功地打赢了 前育种的容器替换，而不是该APP提供提前育 对人工降雨公司的诉讼”，而C项“对人工降雨的 种的容器的可用性信息，所以曲解了文义」 质疑已经消失”也是颠倒是非，推理错误。 第二节 归题型 分类讲 题型一细节理解题 细节理解题常分为直接信息题、间接信息题、综合信息题、数字计算题和细节排序题等。分析近三年 的高考真题可知，直接信息题、间接信息题和综合信息题为高频考点，其他皆为低频考点。设问方式以特 殊疑问句形式为主，常以when,where,what,which,who,how much/many等疑问词引出问题。 考向1 直接信息题 》 直接信息题的答案可以或几乎可以直接从原文中找出来，考生可先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此 为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中寻找细节。广告类、活动安排类、书籍或电影介绍类、演出信息类 等语篇中的直接信息题较多。 [典例剖析](2024·新课标I,A片段) Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge.We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive()plant removal,winter planting,and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered [2]原文关键词=题千关键词 关键句 species across the ridges and valleys. 2l.What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team?[l]题千关键词：专有名词 设问方向：Habitat Restoration Team的目的 A.To discover mineral resources. B.To develop new wildlife parks. C.To protect the local ecosystem. D.To conduct biological research. 3们对比选项和关键句，得出答案： 由关健句可知，Habitat Restoration Team的目的是恢复生态资源、保护濒危物种。对比选项可知C项正确。 精品教辅·智慧人生 高三 二轮专题复习·英语 【技法归纳】 B 句子主干：主谓宾、主系表等 (2025·全国高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解B片段) 特殊词块：专有名词、数词等 “Kathy Ho②teaches high school inside Lucile 确定题干 Packard Children's Hospital Stanford (LPCH). 关键词 状语：时间、地点、原因 结果状语等 'Sometimes I don't like saying that I'm a teacher,' 关键词 says Ho.” 定位法 寻找原文 2.Where does Kathy Ho work? 解直接 关键词，确 找到原文中的题干关键词， A.At a public high school 信息题 定关键句 定位关键句 B.In a children's hospital 对比选项和关键句，得出答案 C.At a teacher training center D.In a university laboratory 【即时训练】 语境猜词 A ①children's hospital (2025·全国高考I卷·阅读理解A片段) ②teach u. "Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks,but making green hydrogen is (2025·浙江卷·阅读理解C片段) expensive..” 1.What is mentioned as analternative to batteries “①Matrix planting,this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of theheavy lifting in the for trucks? garden,and even some of the designing. A.Solar panels 3.What is the main characteristic of matrix planting? B.Hydrogen fuel cells A.It requires frequent maintenance C.Diesel engines B.It relies on nature's self-design C.It needs expensive fertilizers D.Natural gas D.It focuses on single species 语境猜词 语境猜词 ①hydrogen fuel cells ①matrix planting ②alternative n. ②heavy lifting 考向2 间接信息题 )》 间接信息题通常不能直接从原文中找到对应的词或短语，但可以找到近义词、同义词、派生词、反义 词等，考生也可以根据文章的隐含线索，如原因、前提或结果等仔细推敲得出正确答案。此类题型常在记 叙文、说明文或议论文中考查。 [典例剖析](2024·新课标I,B片段) Farber,a graduate of Colorado State University,started out as a more conventional veterinarian.He became 关键句1 interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.He tried muscle- relaxing drugs but found little relief.Then he tried acupuncture,an ancient Chinese practice,and was amazed 关键句2[2]原文关键词=题千关键词 that he improved after two or three treatments.What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.So,after studying the techniques for a couple of years,he began offering them to pets 关键句3[2]原文关键词=题千关键词 25.Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets?[l]题千关键词 设问方向：Farber决定给宠物尝试用针灸疗法的原因 A.He was trained in it at university. B.He was inspired by another veterinarian. C.He benefited from it as a patient. D.He wanted to save money for pet owners. 3转换关键句，得出答案， 由第一个关键句可知，when he suffered from terrible back pain可以转换为as(he was)a patient.。由第二和第三个关键句可知 ℉arbr尝试使用针灸，结果两三次治疗后就好转了，于是在研究几年后开始给宠物使用。对比选项可知C项正确 精品教辅·智慧人生 ·8· 第一部分专题一 四选一阅读 【技法归纳】 B 确定题干关键词 (2024·浙江1月，B片段) 题干关键词的 When was the last time you used a telephone 寻找原文关键词， 转换法解 确定关键句 派生词、同义词 box?I mean to make an actual phone call-not to 近义词、反义词 间接信息题 shelter from the rain.Ages ago,right?The last 对关键句的语态 转换 time I used a phone box for its intended purpose 转换关键句。 对关键句的同义 was...2006.I was conducting auditions()for 得出答案 近义、反义转换 对关键句的复杂 my play in my tiny old shared house in London. 信息简化 Hoping to impress some talented actors to come 【即时训练】 and work for me for nothing,I spread some A throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it (2024·新课标Ⅱ，B片段) seem a bit more“young professional'”. Do you ever get to the train station and realize As I rushed outdoors to empty the you forgot to bring something to read?Yes,we all:wastepaper baskets,the door swung shut behind have our phones,but many of us still like to go old me.Suddenly I was locked outside.My mobile school and read something printed. phone was inside,but luckily there was a telephone Well,there's a kiosk (for that.In the box across the street.So,I called Directory San Francisco Bay Area,at least. Assistance,got put through to our landlady's “You enter the fare gates(检票口)and you'l: managing agent,and had a spare key sent to me sce a kiosk that islit up and it tells you can get a with just enough time to get back in before the one-minute,a three-minute,or a five-minute story," actors arrived. says Alicia Trost,the chief communications officer for 2.Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006? the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit-known as A.To place an urgent call. BART."You choose which length you want and it gives you areceipt-like short story." B.To put up a notice. 1.How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? C.To shelter from the rain. A.By popularity. B.By length. D.To hold an audition. C.By theme. D.By language. 语境猜词 语境猜词 ①throw n. ①light up ②empty u. ②receipt-like ③spare adj. 考向3 综合信息题 》 综合信息题涉及一段内的多个信息或多段内容，且各个细节信息都能在文章中找到，因此考生要不厌 其烦地认真分析、概括和归纳，从而得出正确答案。设问形式如下：What can we learn about...from the. paragraph(s)?What do...and...have in common?What similar...do...and...have? [典例剖析](2024·新课标Ⅱ，A) Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner,experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow's mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks. 9· 精品教辅·智慧人生 高三 二轮专题复习·英语 Walk 2-Introduction to Hillwalking Walk 1-The Natural World With environmentalist Eanna Lamhna as the Emmanuel Chappard,an experienced guide,has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all. guide,this walk promises to be an informative tour. This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs. required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most Date and Time:Saturday,1st October,at 09:00 from future walking trips. Date and Time:Sunday,2nd October,at 09:00 [2]信息词 [2]信息词 Start Point:Scratoes Bridge Start Point:Deerpark Car Park Walk Duration:6 hours Walk Duration:5 hours Walk 3-Moonlight Under the Stars Walking at night-time is a great way to step out Walk 4-Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest of your comfort zone.Breathtaking views of the This informative walk led by Richard Smyth lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of introduces you to the basic principles of photography in welcoming guides from local walking clubs.A torch (手电筒)along with suitable clothing is essential for the wild.Bring along your camera and enjoy the walking in the dark.Those who are dressed inappropriately wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path. will be refused permission to participate. Date and Time:Sunday 2nd October,at 11:45 [2幻信息词 Date and Time:Saturday,1st October,at 18:30 Start Point:Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area [2]信息词 Walk Duration:1.5 hours Start Point:The Town Hall Walk Duration:3 hours 23.What do the four walks have in common? [1]题千关健词 设问方向：四项徒步活动的共同点 A.They involve difficult climbing. B.They are for experienced walkers. C.They share the same start point. D.They are scheduled for the weekend. 汇3门综合概括信息源，得出答案： 每一项徒步活动的举办时间都是Saturday或Sunday,可以概括为周末。对比选项可知D项正确。 【技法归纳】 Chef David Thompson,who received a Michelin 细读题干，确定关键词 star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name,opened this branch in the Metropolitan 概括归纳 寻找原文 散落在不同部分信息源 Hotel in 2010. 法解综合 关键句 信息题 Issaya Siamese Club ·一比对 综合概括， Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known 找出共同点 得出答案 Thai chef lan Kittichai's first flagship Bangkok 比对选项，确定答案 restaurant.The menu in this beautiful colonial 【即时训练】 house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined A with modern cooking methods. (2023·全国甲，A片段) :1.What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in Nahm common? Offering Thai fine dining,Nahm provides the A.They adopt modern cooking methods. best of Bangkok culinary(烹饪的)experiences.It's B.They have branches in London. the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top C.They have top-class chefs. 10 of the world's 50 best restaurants list.Head D.They are based in hotels. 精品教辅·智慧人生 10 第一部分专题一四选一阅读 classes give users a taste of the high-energy 语境猜词 workouts Peloton Trek is known for,including ①branch n. cycling,running and strength training.All users ②flagship n. gain access to an extensive library of on-demand ③colonial adj. classes and advanced analytics.The platform's B instructors are highly energetic and motivating. (2025·高三湖南郴州二模) Athleanphere If you're eager to boost your fitness levels,or Athleanphere is a platform dedicated to simply explore new athletic activities,consider some helping individuals build strength,improve athletic exercise courses from the following platforms. performance,and achieve their fitness goals.All of YourFitness its workout videos and classes are available for YourFitness isn't just a calorie-tracking app free.For more in-depth training programs,users' and it also provides a selection of free workout courses are jointly designed by professional trainers classes.In addition to its core nutrition-monitoring and famous athletes with a focus on sports- features,users can access workout routines:specific conditioning. designed to improve overall health.YourFitness 2.What do the last two platforms have in common? caters (to different fitness goals.There are A.They offer free courses. also payment courses,such as personalized; B.They are targeted at young users. coaching and exclusive workout content. C.They mainly focus on speed training. FitPro Vitality D.They have some courses designed by famous FitPro Vitality offers a blend of free and paid athletes. workout classes.The classes span various disciplines, including high-intensity interval training (HIIT), 语境猜词 yoga,and strength training.It also offers off-line Dhigh-intensity interval training (HIIT)n. exercise courses with professional trainers providing on-site guidance. ②on-demand classes n. Peloton Trek 3personalized coaching n. Peloton Trek offers a wide range of free 4sports-specific conditioning n. workout classes catering to people of all ages.The +。十。++。十++。+十。+=+十m++十。++。十。+十+++ 考向4数字计算题 》 数字计算题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说，计算量都比较小，容 易计算。但是解答英语阅读中的数字计算题必须要找出文中的隐含信息，这些“暗”信息会涉及对某个难 句的理解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。 数字计算题一般出现在广告类、故事类、科学知识类、史地自然类、文化教育类等语篇中。设问方式 多是以when,in which year,how many/much等疑问词（组）开头引出问题。 [典例剖析] (2023·新课标I,A片段) Prices [3]整合推算，得出答案： Hand Brake,Three Gears Foot Brake, 第二列与题干中询问的类 [2]原文关键词=题干关键词 No Gears 别一致：三挡、手制。由倒 数第二行的关键数据可知， 1 hour e7.50 e5.00 租一天三档、手刹的自行车 3 hours e11.00 €7.50 费用是€14.75；由最后 行的关键信，息和数据可知， 1 day (24 hours) €14.75 €9.75 如果多租一天，交e8.00。 [2]原文关键词=题千关键词 关键数据 合计推算€14.75+ Each additional day e8.00 关键信息 关键数据 e6.00 €8.00=€22.75。故C 项正确。 ·11 精品教辅·智慧人生 高三二轮专题复习·英语 23.How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days? 设问方向：租一辆三挡、手刹的自行车两天的花费 [1]题千关键词：类别和时长 A.€15.75. B.€19.50. C.e22.75. D.€29.50. 【技法归纳】 B 确定题干 (2022·高三·湖北荆州二模，片段) 关键词 明确题干询问数据 Admission 整合推 特殊数量表达：decade十年： 3.Children under 10 years old are admitted fortnighti两周：double双倍： 算法解 查找原文 free when accompanied by an adult. 数字计 数据，确定 couple两个或几个；score 4.Students with a valid ID card receive a 算题 逻辑关系 二十；dozen十二：off减价； discount折扣 25%discount on the standard ticket price of f8. Schools and Colleges 整合推算， 根据逻辑关系进行推算 Groups of 15 or more students from the same 得出答案 用加减乘除进行推算 institution can enter at a reduced rate of 5 per person. 【即时训练】 2.How much would a group of 2 adults,3 children A under 10,and 5 students (with valid IDs)pay for (2024·新课标I,A片段) admission？ A.￡34. B.￡38. C.￡42. D.￡46. AGE,SKILLS,WHAT TO BRING C Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. (2025·全国高考I卷·阅读理解A片段) Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under SHIPPING OTHER ROAD VEHICLES 10.6% 》》看 the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement: 0 Form.Volunteers under the age of 18 must have AIRPLANES RAIL the parent/guardian approval section signed. 11.6% 1% 1.What is the lower age limit for joining the 3.What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? Habitat Restoration Team? A.11.6%. B.45.1%. A.5. B.10. C.15. D.18. C.74.5%. D.86.1%. 题型二 推理判断题 推理判断是指在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的推敲，作出一定 的判断和推理，从而理解文章的深层含义的过程。推理判断题主要考查考生分析上下文逻辑关系的能力 以及逻辑推理能力。题目所涉及的内容可能是某几句话，要求考生在理解原文意思的基础上，对文章字 面信息进行分析、挖掘、逻辑推理，从而揭示其深层含义。纵观近几年高考真题，推断隐含信息、观点态 度、写作意图为高频考点，而推断文章出处/类型、读者对象、后续内容和写作手法为低频考点。 考向1 隐含信息推断题 》 隐含信息推断题要求考生根据语篇内容，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。 般可根据语篇提供的信息，或者借助语境进行推理判断。考生只有正确把握文章的逻辑关系，理解关 键词句的真正含义，才能作出准确的推断。一般此类题干中主要包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(表 明，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，conclude(推断出)和assume(假定，设想)。设问方式主要有： What can we learn from...in paragraph...What can be inferred from the...paragraph?What can we infer from...?What does the author indicate by mentioning...in paragraph...?What can be inferred about...? 精品教辅·智慧人生参芳答案与详解 第一部分 高考阅读篇 镑，5名学生共6×5=30英镑，故总费用：16十0十30=46 英镑。易错提醒：虽然题目中提到“15人以上团体可享￡5 专题一 四选一阅读 优惠”，但当前学生人数为5人，未达到团体优惠条件，因此 按常规学生折扣计算。故选D。] 第二节归题型分类讲 3.C[数宇计算题。题目问“2018年公路车辆在全球交通排 题型一细节理解题 放中所占百分比是多少？”。根据文中第一张图中的相关数 考向1 据“ROAD(PASSENGER)45.1%”和“ROAD(GOODS) 即时训练 29.4%”可知，公路车辆在全球交通排放中的总占比为 l.B[细节理解题。根据选段中的“Hydrogen fuel cells are a 45.1%十29.4%=74.5%。故选C项。] lighter choice than batteries for trucks”可知，卡车使用的替 题型二推理判断题 代电池的方案是氢燃料电池。故选B。] 考向1 语境猜词 :即时训练 ①氢燃料电池②替代方案 ：1.D[推理判断题。根据BMF employees定位到所给片段， 2.B[细节理解题。根据选段中的“teaches high school日 根据该段第一句“BMF employees live out sustainability in inside Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford”可知， their everyday lives.”及最后一句“We are passionate about Kathy Ho在儿童医院工作。故选B。] reducing waste,carbon and chemicals in our environment, 语境猜词 said a BMF employee.”可知，BMF的员工在日常生活中践 ①儿童医院②教学 行可持续行为，并热衷于减少环境中的废弃物、碳排放和化 3.B[细节理解题。根据选段中的“nature to do a lot more of 学制品，由此推测，他们具有强烈的环保意识。故选D。] the heavy lifting'”可知，矩阵种植的特点是依靠自然力量进语境猜词 行设计。故选B。 ·①可持续性②热情的，狂热的 语境猜词 2.B[推理判断题。依据语段中的“Obviously,if precautions ①矩阵种植②主要工作 (aren't taken,grizzlies can become troublesome..If 考向2 people remove food and attractants from their yards and 即时训练 campsites,grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble... l.B[细节理解题。根据选段第三段中“you can get a one- is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.”可推知，如 minute,a three-minute,or a five-minute story”和“You 果采取一些预防措施，可以避免灰熊造成破坏，甚至有效地 choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like 驱离灰熊，即人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B。门 short story.”可知，自助服务亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客语境猜词 可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选B。] :①引起麻烦的②生活☒ 语境猜词 考向2 ①照亮，点亮②像收据一样的 :即时训练 2.A[细节理解题。根据选段第二段最后一句“So,I called:1,A[观点态度题。根据选段开头“I am not crazy”以及下文 Directory Assistance,got put through to our landlady's "If he seems a little defensive,it might be because even some managing agent,and had a spare key sent to me with just of his co-workers occasionally laugh at his unusual enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.”可知， methods.”可知，法伯的一些同事有时会嘲笑他的不寻常的 作者在2006年使用电话亭是为了拨打紧急电话。故： 方法，即认为他很奇怪。故选A。 选A。 语境猜词 语境猜词 ①怀有戒心的②偶然，偶尔 ①套，罩②清空③备用的 :2.D[观点态度题。依据“忠于措辞”法。根据文中 考向3 “markedly improved judgment accuracy”和“substantially 即时训练 better results'”等明确肯定性表述，特别是“substantially'”这 1.C[细节理解题。根据Nahm部分的最后一句以及Issaya 一程度副词，可知作者对这种协作方式是持支持态度的。 Siamese Club部分的首句可知，Nahm和Issaya Siamese 虽然提到“not perfect'”,但这属于客观承认局限而非否定。 Club的共同之处是它们都有一流的厨师。故选C。] 故选D。 语境猜词 :语境猜词 ①分店②旗舰③殖民地时期风格的 :①显著地②协作的 2.A[细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Peloton Trek offers3.D观，点态度题。根据选段第一段第一句以及第二段第一 a wide range of free workout classes catering to people of all 句可推知，作者认为Weiner的书既幽默又简单易懂。故 ages.(Peloton Trek为所有年龄段的人提供广泛的免费健 选D。] 身课程。)”和最后一段第二句“All of its workout videos and:语境猜词 classes are available for free.(所有的健身视频和课程都是·①解释，理解②简单 免费的。)”可知，这两个平台的课程都是免费的。故选A。]:考向3 语境猜词 :即时训练 ①高强度间歇训练②按需课程③个性化指导④专项运：1.B[写作意图题。根据选段第一段首句可知，本期《作家文 动体能训练 摘》旨在帮助读者了解如何给自己的作品写出最好的结局， 考向4 接着作者提到彼得·蒙福德和伊丽莎白·西姆斯将如何进 即时训练 行这方面的指导。由此可知，作者提到这两个人是为了强 l.B[数字计算题。根据选段中的“Volunteers aged10and 调这期杂志的主题。故选B。 over are welcome."可知，参加栖息地恢复小组的年龄下限·语境猜词 是10岁。故选B。] :①分析②那取决于… 2.D[数字计算题。根据Admission部分：成人票价：8X2=2B[写作意图题。依据“主旨导向”法。段落通过对比强调 16英镑：10岁以下儿童在成人陪同下免费，故0英镑：持有 peer-led discussions的显著优势(“increased critical thinking 效学生证的学生可享25%折扣，每人票价8X0.75=6英：skills”“far outweigh”“valuable tool'”),虽提及缺，点但明显弱 ·251·