Unit 2 Natural disasters （重难词汇精练）英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 2 Natural disasters 重难词汇精练 目录 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型三、一词多用 2 题型三、单句语法填空 2 题型四、单词拼写 5 题型五、选词填空 5 题型六、完成句子 6 综合攻坚·能力跃升 7 题型一、语篇语法填空 7 题型二、应用文写作 9 题型一、词性转换 1.injure vt.伤害,使受伤;损害→ n.损伤,伤害→ adj.受伤的,受到伤害的   2.reaction n.反应,回应;抗拒;化学反应→ v.起反应;回应   3.occur vi.发生,出现;存在于→ n.发生,出现;发生的事情   4.relief n.宽慰,轻松;减轻,消除;救济→ v.减轻,解除,缓和,缓解→ adj.感到宽慰的,放心的   5.destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的,破坏(或毁灭)性的→ n.摧毁;毁灭;破坏   6.inform vt.了解,熟悉;通知→ n.信息,消息,情报→ adj.了解情况的;有学问的,有见识的   7.shock n.震惊,惊愕;剧烈震动 vt.使震惊;使气愤→ adj.震惊的,感到震惊的→ adj.令人震惊的,令人气愤的   8.scare vt.& vi.惊吓,害怕 n.恐慌;惊吓→ adj.害怕的,恐惧的→ adj.恐怖的,吓人的   9.power n.电,电力;权力;政权;控制力;能力;能量;力量→ adj.有权势的;有影响力的;强有力的  10.donate vt.捐赠,赠送;献(血)→ n.捐赠,赠送,捐赠物→ n.捐赠者  11.curious adj.好奇的;奇特的→ n.好奇心→ adv.好奇地  12.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发,喷出;突然发生→ n.(火山)爆发→ adj.(火山)爆发的  13.unbearable adj.难耐的,无法忍受的→ adj.可忍受的;能应付的→ v.承受;不适于(做)某事;承担责任;结(果实)  14.distance n.遥远,久远;距离;差异;疏远→ adj.遥远的,远处的;疏远的,冷淡的  15.locate vt.找出……的准确位置;把……安置在(或建造于)→ n.地点,位置→ adj.坐落在,位于……的  16.retire vi.& vt.退休,退职→ n.退休;退休年龄;退出  题型三、一词多用 1.(2025安徽阜阳月考)With a sharp pain shooting through his leg, he fell hard. 词性: 　　　　 词义: 　　　　  2.(2022全国甲)The disagreement was so sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it. 词性: 　　　　 词义: 　　　　  3.The police always take advantage of dogs' sharp sense of smell to search for those who survive in the earthquake. 词性: 　　　　 词义: 　　　　  4.The past two years has witnessed a sharp increase in oil prices, which adds to the burden on the auto transportation industry. 词性: 　　　　 词义: 　　　　  题型三、单句语法填空 1.He knew that if he informed the teacher 　　　　　 it, he would absolutely get punished.  2.Struggling to get up, I lost my balance and crashed 　　　　　 the doorframe.  3.In 　　　　　(react) to the phenomenon, some people call for raising the import taxes.  4.To write a good essay, you must first organize your ideas in an 　　　　　(order) way.  5.Floods are common and frequently 　　　　(destruct) natural events that annually affect around 250 million people worldwide.  6.The host signalled the people in the sports hall 　　　　　(be) quiet.  7.A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles 　　　　　(injure) and this meant not running for two weeks.  8.It 　　　　　(confirm) that measures have been taken by the local government to rescue those trapped in the building.  9.　　　　　 suddenly occurred to him that he had a bad habit to get rid of.  10.Jennifer became the first in her large family 　　　　　(earn) a bachelor's degree.  11.When you pay the bill online, remember to check again 　　 　case there's something wrong.  12.The retired teacher donated much money 　　　　　 the poor family, enabling the kids to return to their classrooms.  13.When I got close to the top of the mountain, I had nearly run out 　　　　　 strength, so I found a place to rest for a while.  14.Out of 　　　　　(curious), some teenagers try smoking e-cigarettes, which damages their physical and mental health.  15.If you're 　　　　　(scare) about something and thinking only about that, there's no way you're going to be able to learn.  16.Frightened and 　　　　　(shock), he tried to keep the balance of the boat in order not to be overturned and thrown into the sea.  17.Food and medical 　　　　　(supply) were distributed to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday.  18.Forty percent of the land in the village 　　　　　(flood) and the majority of the villagers have moved to safety.  19.The workers created a library with the books they rescued 　　　　　 a landfill.  20.A tea culture salon(沙龙) may be the best way to experience China's tea ceremonies and culture in overseas 　　　　　(location).  21.In a 　　　　　(distance) village surrounded by rolling hills and large fields, there lived a young boy named Lei.  22.It was reported that the main stadium took 　　　　　 form of a big shell.  23.A terrible fire broke 　　　　　 last night, leaving many buildings seriously damaged.  24.It never occurred to him that life without electricity could be so 　　　　　(bearable).  25.He was the first student in our high school 　　　　　(admit) to Peking University.  26.We have entered an age 　　　　　 dreams have the best chance of coming true.  27.The use of those plastics 　　　　　(increase) by 300% since 2019.  28.If necessary, we will grow some water lilies in the pond, which 　　　　　(locate) at the back of our house.  题型四、单词拼写 1.You should tell your parents that you're fine. 　　　　(否则), they would be concerned about you.  2.The project was dreamed up by a local 　　　　(慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing.  3.Ed couldn't make it to the press c　　　　 in time, so they sent me instead.  4.They were pressing for 　　　　(资金) to complete the ambitious project, which was already behind schedule.  5.The scenery there is so fascinating that it is totally 　　　　(超出) description.  6.The volcano 　　　　(爆发) and killed all the wildlife in this area.  7.Barry 　　　　(退休) in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.  8.Our village is making efforts to transform its development 　　　　(模式) to promote green growth.　  9.The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed 　　　　(目的地) is to go somewhere else.  题型五、选词填空 safe and sound;keep one's head;at large;to one's relief 　　It is reported that a house collapsed(倒塌) yesterday due to a typhoon and two children were buried in ruins. Happily, they soon 1.　　　　　　 and waited for rescue calmly. Though the exit was blocked, the soldiers tried their best to save them and 2.　　　　, the children were 3.　　　　　　 when they were finally found.  题型六、完成句子 1.想到迈克能找到工作,我松了一口气,并对所有帮助过迈克的人心存感激。(relief) Thinking Mike could find a job, I sighed 　　　　 　　　　 and felt grateful to all the people who helped Mike. 2.我一见到他就给了他一个大大的拥抱,对他热情地微笑着。 I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the moment I saw him, beaming a warm smile at him. 3.我被告知英语报要增设一个栏目。(inform) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the English newspaper was going to add a new column.  4.我们正在爬山,这时开始下雨。 We 　　　　 　　　　 the mountain 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.  5.比尔(Bill)一开门就认出了这对善良的夫妇,他微笑着和他们打招呼。(一句多译) ①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, he recognized the kind couple, and he greeted them with a smile. (the moment)  ②　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 he recognized the kind couple and he greeted them with a smile.(Hardly...when...)(读后续写—动作描写)  6.我很高兴地通知你,我们学校将组织一次骑自行车的活动。(inform) I'm happy to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 our school will organize a cycling activity.  7.她丈夫跳上车,匆匆赶回家,却发现门锁上了。(不定式作状语;find+宾语+宾补) Her husband jumped into the car and rushed home, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.(读后续写—动作描写)  8.有些人询问了有关传统节日的事,而另一些人则对中国的书法和诗歌感到好奇。 Some asked about traditional festivals, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 Chinese calligraphy and poetry.  9.自从戒烟以来,他一直心情不好。(give up) He 　　　　 　　　　 in a bad mood 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.  题型一、语篇语法填空 A (2025陕西武功县普集高级中学期中) 　　Kenya sped up efforts on Thursday to evacuate(疏散) hundreds of people trapped by floods 　1　 have hit many parts of the East African country.  　　Floods　2　(make) more than 600,000 people homeless since the beginning of the heavy rains in November, according to the Red Cross, which is helping to coordinate the rescue efforts.  　　Tens of thousands of people in northern Kenya have lost livestock(家畜), farmland 　3　 homes due to the floods 　4　(describe) by aid groups as the worst in 100 years. An international team of scientists reported last week that the ongoing rains in eastern Africa have become much 　5　(heavy) than before due to human-caused climate change.  　　On Wednesday, British High Commissioner Neil Wigan visited remote Mandera County, where 　6　 severe drought a year ago destroyed the livelihood of people in many 　7　(community). “Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing everyone in the world, but you see in places like northern Kenya, where the impact of the drought, livestock's death and now the flood on people's livelihood has been 　8　(extreme) huge, we can make efforts to provide food, medicine and other necessary supplies 　9　 people in the short run,” Wigan said. “But how can we build systems nationally and internationally aiming 　10　(deal) with the effects of climate change?”  B (2024湖南名校联考联合体期中) 　　Not in history has a modern city been so　1　(complete) destroyed. San Francisco is gone. The factories, warehouses, great stores, newspaper buildings, and hotels are all gone. There remain only some houses on the outskirts of 　2　 was once San Francisco.  　　Within　3　 hour after the earthquake shock, the smoke of San Francisco's burning was a scary tower visible a hundred miles away. And for three days and nights this tower of fire swayed in the sky, reddening the sun, darkening the day, and 　4　(fill) the land with smoke.  　　On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five　5　(come) the earthquake. A minute later the flames were leaping upward. There was no opposing the flames. There was no 　6　 (organize), or no communication. All the innovative creations of a twentieth-century city had been broken by the earthquake. The streets were twisted out of shape and piled with the remains of 　7　 (fall) walls. The steel rails were twisted 　8　 different angles, the telephone and telegraph systems 　9　(cut) off, and the great water mains had burst. All had been destroyed by thirty 　10　(second) trembling of the earth.  1.　　　　　2.　　　　　3.　　　　　4.　　　　　5.　　　　 6.　　　　　7.　　　　　8.　　　　　9.　　　　　10.　　　　  题型二、应用文写作 （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）假设你是晨光中学的李津。近期你所在的城市经历了一次极端大风天气，给市民的生活带来了诸多影响。学校英语社团计划举办一次主题为“Natural Disasters and Safety”的分享会。请你根据以下提示写一篇发言稿，内容包括： (1)描述极端大风天气的影响(如交通延误、树木倾倒、停水停电停学等)； (2)分享应对极端天气的经验或建议(如关门闭窗、留在室内等)； (3)呼吁大家关注气候变化，增强安全意识。 注意： (1)词数不少于100； (2)可以适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：延误 delay 倾倒 fall down 停电 power cut Dear friends, I’m Li Jin. Today, I’d like to talk about the recent extreme windy weather in our city and how we can stay safe during natural disasters. Thank you for your attention! 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Natural disasters 重难词汇精练 目录 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型三、一词多用 2 题型三、单句语法填空 2 题型四、单词拼写 5 题型五、选词填空 5 题型六、完成句子 6 综合攻坚·能力跃升 7 题型一、语篇语法填空 7 题型二、应用文写作 9 题型一、词性转换 1.injure vt.伤害,使受伤;损害→injury n.损伤,伤害→injured adj.受伤的,受到伤害的   2.reaction n.反应,回应;抗拒;化学反应→react v.起反应;回应   3.occur vi.发生,出现;存在于→occurrence n.发生,出现;发生的事情   4.relief n.宽慰,轻松;减轻,消除;救济→relieve v.减轻,解除,缓和,缓解→relieved adj.感到宽慰的,放心的   5.destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的,破坏(或毁灭)性的→destruction n.摧毁;毁灭;破坏   6.inform vt.了解,熟悉;通知→information n.信息,消息,情报→informed adj.了解情况的;有学问的,有见识的   7.shock n.震惊,惊愕;剧烈震动 vt.使震惊;使气愤→shocked adj.震惊的,感到震惊的→shocking adj.令人震惊的,令人气愤的   8.scare vt.& vi.惊吓,害怕 n.恐慌;惊吓→scared adj.害怕的,恐惧的→scary adj.恐怖的,吓人的   9.power n.电,电力;权力;政权;控制力;能力;能量;力量→powerful adj.有权势的;有影响力的;强有力的  10.donate vt.捐赠,赠送;献(血)→donation n.捐赠,赠送,捐赠物→donor n.捐赠者  11.curious adj.好奇的;奇特的→curiosity n.好奇心→curiously adv.好奇地  12.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发,喷出;突然发生→eruption n.(火山)爆发→eruptive adj.(火山)爆发的  13.unbearable adj.难耐的,无法忍受的→bearable adj.可忍受的;能应付的→bear v.承受;不适于(做)某事;承担责任;结(果实)  14.distance n.遥远,久远;距离;差异;疏远→distant adj.遥远的,远处的;疏远的,冷淡的  15.locate vt.找出……的准确位置;把……安置在(或建造于)→location n.地点,位置→located adj.坐落在,位于……的  16.retire vi.& vt.退休,退职→retirement n.退休;退休年龄;退出  题型三、一词多用 1.(2025安徽阜阳月考)With a sharp pain shooting through his leg, he fell hard. 词性: 　　　　 词义: 　　　　  2.(2022全国甲)The disagreement was so sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it. 词性: 　　　　 词义: 　　　　  3.The police always take advantage of dogs' sharp sense of smell to search for those who survive in the earthquake. 词性: 　　　　 词义: 　　　　  4.The past two years has witnessed a sharp increase in oil prices, which adds to the burden on the auto transportation industry. 词性: 　　　　 词义: 　　　　  【答案】 1.形容词;强烈的,剧烈的　句意:一阵剧痛窜过他的腿,他重重地摔倒了。 2.形容词;尖锐的　句意:分歧太尖锐了,他和我都不知道如何解决它。 3.形容词;敏锐的,灵敏的　句意:警察总是利用狗敏锐的嗅觉搜寻地震中的幸存者。 4.形容词;急剧的　句意:在过去的两年里,油价急剧上涨,这增加了汽车运输业的负担。 题型三、单句语法填空 1.He knew that if he informed the teacher 　　　　　 it, he would absolutely get punished.  2.Struggling to get up, I lost my balance and crashed 　　　　　 the doorframe.  3.In 　　　　　(react) to the phenomenon, some people call for raising the import taxes.  4.To write a good essay, you must first organize your ideas in an 　　　　　(order) way.  5.Floods are common and frequently 　　　　(destruct) natural events that annually affect around 250 million people worldwide.  6.The host signalled the people in the sports hall 　　　　　(be) quiet.  7.A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles 　　　　　(injure) and this meant not running for two weeks.  8.It 　　　　　(confirm) that measures have been taken by the local government to rescue those trapped in the building.  9.　　　　　 suddenly occurred to him that he had a bad habit to get rid of.  10.Jennifer became the first in her large family 　　　　　(earn) a bachelor's degree.  11.When you pay the bill online, remember to check again 　　 　case there's something wrong.  12.The retired teacher donated much money 　　　　　 the poor family, enabling the kids to return to their classrooms.  13.When I got close to the top of the mountain, I had nearly run out 　　　　　 strength, so I found a place to rest for a while.  14.Out of 　　　　　(curious), some teenagers try smoking e-cigarettes, which damages their physical and mental health.  15.If you're 　　　　　(scare) about something and thinking only about that, there's no way you're going to be able to learn.  16.Frightened and 　　　　　(shock), he tried to keep the balance of the boat in order not to be overturned and thrown into the sea.  17.Food and medical 　　　　　(supply) were distributed to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday.  18.Forty percent of the land in the village 　　　　　(flood) and the majority of the villagers have moved to safety.  19.The workers created a library with the books they rescued 　　　　　 a landfill.  20.A tea culture salon(沙龙) may be the best way to experience China's tea ceremonies and culture in overseas 　　　　　(location).  21.In a 　　　　　(distance) village surrounded by rolling hills and large fields, there lived a young boy named Lei.  22.It was reported that the main stadium took 　　　　　 form of a big shell.  23.A terrible fire broke 　　　　　 last night, leaving many buildings seriously damaged.  24.It never occurred to him that life without electricity could be so 　　　　　(bearable).  25.He was the first student in our high school 　　　　　(admit) to Peking University.  26.We have entered an age 　　　　　 dreams have the best chance of coming true.  27.The use of those plastics 　　　　　(increase) by 300% since 2019.  28.If necessary, we will grow some water lilies in the pond, which 　　　　　(locate) at the back of our house.  【答案】 1.of/about　考查介词。inform sb. of/about sth.意为“通知某人某事”。句意:他知道如果他把这件事告诉老师,他绝对会受到惩罚。 2.into　考查介词。 crash into意为“撞上”。句意:我挣扎着站起来时失去了平衡,撞在了门框上。 3.reaction　考查名词。短语in reaction to...意为“针对……,作为对……的反应”。故填reaction。句意:针对这一现象,一些人要求增加进口税。 4.orderly　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词way,应用形容词。故填orderly。 5.destructive　考查形容词。设空处修饰natural events,且前面有frequently修饰,由此可知此处需用形容词。故填destructive。句意:洪水是一种常见且经常具有破坏性的自然事件,每年影响全球约2.5亿人。 6.to be　考查动词不定式。signal sb. to do sth.意为“示意某人做某事”。故填to be。 7.was injured　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处作谓语,动词injure与主语one of my ankles之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,结合语境可知,此处表示过去发生的事情,所以用一般过去时,主语为one of my ankles,谓语动词应用单数形式。故填was injured。句意:在我第一次参加马拉松比赛的一个月前,我的一个脚踝受伤了,这意味着两周不能跑步。 8.is confirmed　考查固定句式。此处为“It is/was confirmed that...”句式,意为“据证实……”。根据语境可知应用一般现在时,故填is confirmed。句意:据证实,当地政府已经采取了措施去营救被困在大楼里的人们。 9.It　考查固定句式。此处构成“It occurred to sb. that...”句式,意为“某人想起……”,其中It作形式主语,that从句作真正的主语。故填It。句意:他突然想起他有一个坏习惯要改掉。 10.to earn　考查动词不定式作定语。the first后接动词不定式作定语。故填to earn。句意:珍妮弗是她的大家庭中第一个获得学士学位的人。 11.in　考查固定搭配。in case...表示“以防……”,故填in。句意:当你在网上支付账单时,记得再检查一遍,以防有问题。 12.to　考查介词。donate sth. to...意为“把某物捐赠给……”。故填to。句意:这位退休教师给那个贫穷的家庭捐了很多钱,使孩子们能够重返教室。 13.of　考查介词。run out of...意为“用完……,耗尽……”。故填of。句意:当我接近山顶时,我几乎用尽了力气,所以我找了一个地方休息了一会儿。 14.curiosity　考查名词。设空处作介词的宾语,out of curiosity意为“出于好奇”。故填curiosity。句意:出于好奇,一些青少年尝试吸电子烟,这损害了他们的身心健康。 15.scared　考查形容词。在If引导的条件状语从句中,设空处作表语,be scared about...意为“害怕……”,故填scared。句意:如果你害怕某件事,而且只想着那件事,你就不可能学习。 16.shocked　考查形容词。分析句子可知,设空处作状语,由“Frightened and”可知,此处应用形容词,修饰人,故填shocked。 17.supplies　考查名词的数。“Food and medical 　　　”在句中作主语,谓语为were distributed,由此可知主语是复数形式,故填supplies。句意:上周日飓风过后,食品和医疗供给被分发给了所有居民。  18.was flooded/has been flooded　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处是前一分句的谓语,动词flood与其主语Forty percent of the land之间是被动关系,结合语境可知,此处应用一般过去时或现在完成时,主语表单数意义,所以谓语动词也用单数形式。故填was flooded或has been flooded。句意:村里40%的土地被洪水淹没了,大多数村民已经转移到安全的地方了。 19.from　考查介词。rescue sb./sth. from...意为“把某人/某物从……救出来”。故填from。句意:工人们用他们从垃圾填埋场抢救的书建立了一个图书馆。 20.locations　考查名词的数。location表示“地方,地点”时为可数名词,根据语境可知,此处表示多个地方。故填locations。句意:茶文化沙龙可能是在海外地区体验中国茶道和茶文化的最佳方式。 21.distant　考查形容词。设空处在句中作定语,修饰后面的名词village,应用形容词。故填distant。 22.the　考查冠词。take the form of...意为“呈现……的形状”。故填the。句意:据报道,主体育场呈现一个大贝壳的形状。 23.out　考查动词短语。break out为固定搭配,意为“突然开始;爆发”。故填out。句意:昨晚突然发生了一场可怕的大火,使许多建筑物严重受损。 24.unbearable　考查形容词。设空处作表语,根据语境可知,此处需用形容词,表示“无法忍受的”,故填unbearable。句意:他从来没有想到没有电的生活会如此令人难以忍受。 25.to be admitted　考查动词不定式。分析句子可知,设空处修饰名词student,名词前有序数词修饰,且admit与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系,所以用动词不定式的被动式作后置定语。句意:他是我们高中第一个考上北京大学的学生。 26.when　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前为名词age,故推测设空处引导定语从句,将an age放入定语从句中分析可知,设空处作时间状语,所以用when引导定语从句。句意:我们已经进入了一个梦想最有可能实现的时代。 27.has increased　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据“since 2019”可知此处应用现在完成时,主语表单数意义,助动词应用has。故填has increased。句意:自从2019年,那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。 28.is located　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处为从句的谓语,动词locate与pond之间是被动关系,且此处叙述的是客观事实,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为which,指代先行词the pond。故填is located。句意:如果有必要,我们会在位于我们房子后面的池塘里种一些睡莲。 题型四、单词拼写 1.You should tell your parents that you're fine. 　　　　(否则), they would be concerned about you.  2.The project was dreamed up by a local 　　　　(慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing.  3.Ed couldn't make it to the press c　　　　 in time, so they sent me instead.  4.They were pressing for 　　　　(资金) to complete the ambitious project, which was already behind schedule.  5.The scenery there is so fascinating that it is totally 　　　　(超出) description.  6.The volcano 　　　　(爆发) and killed all the wildlife in this area.  7.Barry 　　　　(退休) in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.  8.Our village is making efforts to transform its development 　　　　(模式) to promote green growth.　  9.The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed 　　　　(目的地) is to go somewhere else.  【答案】 1.Otherwise　2.charity　3.conference　4.funds 5.beyond　6.erupted　7.retired　8.pattern 9.destinations 题型五、选词填空 safe and sound;keep one's head;at large;to one's relief 　　It is reported that a house collapsed(倒塌) yesterday due to a typhoon and two children were buried in ruins. Happily, they soon 1.　　　　　　 and waited for rescue calmly. Though the exit was blocked, the soldiers tried their best to save them and 2.　　　　, the children were 3.　　　　　　 when they were finally found.  【答案】 1.kept their head　2.to their relief　3.safe and sound 题型六、完成句子 1.想到迈克能找到工作,我松了一口气,并对所有帮助过迈克的人心存感激。(relief) Thinking Mike could find a job, I sighed 　　　　 　　　　 and felt grateful to all the people who helped Mike. 2.我一见到他就给了他一个大大的拥抱,对他热情地微笑着。 I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the moment I saw him, beaming a warm smile at him. 3.我被告知英语报要增设一个栏目。(inform) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the English newspaper was going to add a new column.  4.我们正在爬山,这时开始下雨。 We 　　　　 　　　　 the mountain 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.  5.比尔(Bill)一开门就认出了这对善良的夫妇,他微笑着和他们打招呼。(一句多译) ①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, he recognized the kind couple, and he greeted them with a smile. (the moment)  ②　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 he recognized the kind couple and he greeted them with a smile.(Hardly...when...)(读后续写—动作描写)  6.我很高兴地通知你,我们学校将组织一次骑自行车的活动。(inform) I'm happy to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 our school will organize a cycling activity.  7.她丈夫跳上车,匆匆赶回家,却发现门锁上了。(不定式作状语;find+宾语+宾补) Her husband jumped into the car and rushed home, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.(读后续写—动作描写)  8.有些人询问了有关传统节日的事,而另一些人则对中国的书法和诗歌感到好奇。 Some asked about traditional festivals, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 Chinese calligraphy and poetry.  9.自从戒烟以来,他一直心情不好。(give up) He 　　　　 　　　　 in a bad mood 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.  【答案】 1.in/with relief　2.gave him a big hug　3.I was informed that　4.were climbing;when it began to rain　5.①The moment Bill opened the door　②Hardly had Bill opened the door when6.inform you that　7.only to find the door locked 8.while others were curious about　9.has been;since he gave up smoking 题型一、语篇语法填空 A (2025陕西武功县普集高级中学期中) 　　Kenya sped up efforts on Thursday to evacuate(疏散) hundreds of people trapped by floods 　1　 have hit many parts of the East African country.  　　Floods　2　(make) more than 600,000 people homeless since the beginning of the heavy rains in November, according to the Red Cross, which is helping to coordinate the rescue efforts.  　　Tens of thousands of people in northern Kenya have lost livestock(家畜), farmland 　3　 homes due to the floods 　4　(describe) by aid groups as the worst in 100 years. An international team of scientists reported last week that the ongoing rains in eastern Africa have become much 　5　(heavy) than before due to human-caused climate change.  　　On Wednesday, British High Commissioner Neil Wigan visited remote Mandera County, where 　6　 severe drought a year ago destroyed the livelihood of people in many 　7　(community). “Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing everyone in the world, but you see in places like northern Kenya, where the impact of the drought, livestock's death and now the flood on people's livelihood has been 　8　(extreme) huge, we can make efforts to provide food, medicine and other necessary supplies 　9　 people in the short run,” Wigan said. “But how can we build systems nationally and internationally aiming 　10　(deal) with the effects of climate change?”  语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了肯尼亚遭受严重洪水灾害和加快疏散受灾民众的情况,并阐述了气候变化对全球尤其是肯尼亚北部的影响。 【高频词汇】　1.trap v.困住　2.due to由于,因为 3.remote adj.偏远的;遥远的　4.severe adj.十分严重的;极为恶劣的　5.challenge n.挑战;质疑　6.impact n.影响,作用 v.有影响　7.effect n.影响,作用 【差距词汇】　1.coordinate v.使协调,使相配合 2.livelihood n.生计;生活 1.that/which　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,分析句子可知,空后部分缺少主语,句中无连词,故推测设空处引导定语从句,且在定语从句中作主语,先行词是floods,指物。故填that或which。 2.have made　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处为主句的谓语,根据时间状语“since the beginning of the heavy rains in November”可知,此处需用现在完成时,主语floods为复数形式,助动词应用have。故填have made。 3.and/or　考查连词。设空处前后的livestock、farmland和homes是并列的,表示“家畜、农田和家园”或“家畜、农田或家园”。故填and或or。 4.described　考查过去分词。句中已有谓语have lost,设空处需用非谓语动词形式,作后置定语,describe与逻辑主语floods之间构成被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。故填described。 5.heavier　考查形容词的比较级。根据本句中的than before可知,此处需用比较级形式。故填heavier。 6.a　考查冠词。drought是可数名词,此处泛指“一场严重的旱灾”,应用不定冠词,drought的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 7.communities　考查名词的数。community为可数名词,空前有many修饰,所以需用复数形式。故填communities。 8.extremely　考查副词。设空处修饰形容词huge,需用副词。故填extremely。 9.for　考查介词。provide sth. for sb.是固定用法,意为“为某人提供某物”。故填for。 10.to deal　考查动词不定式。aim to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“力求做某事”。故填to deal。 B (2024湖南名校联考联合体期中) 　　Not in history has a modern city been so　1　(complete) destroyed. San Francisco is gone. The factories, warehouses, great stores, newspaper buildings, and hotels are all gone. There remain only some houses on the outskirts of 　2　 was once San Francisco.  　　Within　3　 hour after the earthquake shock, the smoke of San Francisco's burning was a scary tower visible a hundred miles away. And for three days and nights this tower of fire swayed in the sky, reddening the sun, darkening the day, and 　4　(fill) the land with smoke.  　　On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five　5　(come) the earthquake. A minute later the flames were leaping upward. There was no opposing the flames. There was no 　6　 (organize), or no communication. All the innovative creations of a twentieth-century city had been broken by the earthquake. The streets were twisted out of shape and piled with the remains of 　7　 (fall) walls. The steel rails were twisted 　8　 different angles, the telephone and telegraph systems 　9　(cut) off, and the great water mains had burst. All had been destroyed by thirty 　10　(second) trembling of the earth.  1.　　　　　2.　　　　　3.　　　　　4.　　　　　5.　　　　 6.　　　　　7.　　　　　8.　　　　　9.　　　　　10.　　　　  语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了旧金山大地震的相关情况。 【高频词汇】　1.visible adj.看得见的　2.oppose v.反对,阻挠　3.communication n.交流;通信　4.twist v.(使)扭曲变形　5.remains n.残余,残迹 【熟词生义】　main 熟义:adj.主要的　生义:n.主管道 【差距词汇】　1.warehouse n.仓库　2.outskirts n.郊区 3.sway v.摇摆;摆动　4.innovative adj.革新的,创新的 1.completely　考查副词。设空处修饰动词,需用副词作状语。故填completely。 2.what　考查名词性从句。分析句子可知,空后部分缺少主语,句中无连词,故推测设空处引导宾语从句,作of的宾语,设空处在从句中作主语。故填what。 3.an　考查冠词。结合语境可知,此处泛指“一个小时”,应用不定冠词,hour的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 4.filling　考查现在分词。设空处与reddening和darkening并列作伴随状语。故填filling。 5.came　考查动词的时态。设空处是完全倒装句的谓语,根据上文叙述可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填came。 6.organization　考查名词。设空处作主语,空前有no修饰,结合空后的“no communication”可知,此处需用名词形式。故填organization。 7.fallen　考查形容词。设空处作定语,修饰名词walls,需用形容词,fallen意为“倒下的”。故填fallen。 8.into　考查介词。be twisted into...是固定用法,意为“被扭曲成……”。故填into。句意:钢轨扭曲成不同的角度,电话和电报系统被切断,主要的总水管破裂。 9.were cut　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,第二个and连接三个并列分句,设空处为第二个分句的谓语。根据第一个分句的谓语were twisted可知,此处描述过去的事情,cut off与the telephone and telegraph systems之间是被动关系,需用一般过去时的被动语态;主语the telephone and telegraph systems是复数形式。故填were cut。 10.seconds'　考查名词所有格。此处表示“三十秒钟的地震”,应用名词所有格形式。故填seconds'。 题型二、应用文写作 （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）假设你是晨光中学的李津。近期你所在的城市经历了一次极端大风天气，给市民的生活带来了诸多影响。学校英语社团计划举办一次主题为“Natural Disasters and Safety”的分享会。请你根据以下提示写一篇发言稿，内容包括： (1)描述极端大风天气的影响(如交通延误、树木倾倒、停水停电停学等)； (2)分享应对极端天气的经验或建议(如关门闭窗、留在室内等)； (3)呼吁大家关注气候变化，增强安全意识。 注意： (1)词数不少于100； (2)可以适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：延误 delay 倾倒 fall down 停电 power cut Dear friends, I’m Li Jin. Today, I’d like to talk about the recent extreme windy weather in our city and how we can stay safe during natural disasters. Thank you for your attention! 【答案】Dear friends, I’m Li Jin. Today, I’d like to talk about the recent extreme windy weather in our city and how we can stay safe during natural disasters. The strong winds caused serious problems. Traffic was delayed for hours due to fallen trees blocking roads. Many neighborhoods faced power cuts and water shortages, and even our school had to close for safety reasons. Moreover, some buildings had broken windows, and street signs were blown away. To stay safe during such weather, remember these tips. First, close all windows and doors tightly to prevent debris from entering. Second, stay indoors and avoid going outside unless absolutely necessary. If you’re outdoors, stay away from tall trees or unstable structures. Also, keep flashlights and emergency supplies ready in case of power outages. This experience reminds us that climate change is real and dangerous. We must take action by reducing pollution and learning disaster survival skills. Let’s work together to protect our community and build a safer future. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为主题为“Natural Disasters and Safety”的分享会写一篇发言稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 推迟：delay→put off 保护：protect→preserve 记住：remember→keep in mind 此外：moreover→besides 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To stay safe during such weather, remember these tips. 拓展句：Remember these tips, which can help you stay safe during such weather. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To stay safe during such weather, remember these tips.（运用了不定式作目的状语） 【高分句型2】If you’re outdoors, stay away from tall trees or unstable structures.（运用了if引导条件状语从句） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $