题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇（长春专用）（中考真题+热点话题练）-2026年中考英语总复习(长春专用)

题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (长春专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 方法/策略,说明文 2 较易 科普知识,说明文 3 适中 急救,教育,说明文 4 适中 电影与戏剧,说明文,中华文化 5 适中 中华文化,说明文 6 适中 人与动植物,说明文 7 适中 科普知识,说明文 8 适中 传统节日,说明文,中华文化 9 适中 阅读,说明文 10 较易 食物,说明文 11 适中 颜色,说明文,中华文化 12 适中 志愿服务,说明文 13 适中 自我保护,说明文 14 适中 环境保护,科普知识,说明文 15 适中 发明与创造,科学技术,说明文 【中考真题】 ①You may wonder how you can find beauty in the place you’ve known so well. People usually think only by going to places far away can they feel that. In fact, what you need to do is to explore (探索) with fresh eyes. ②Imagining yourself as a guide is a good way. Where will you suggest visitors go if they come to Changchun? You can find some good places by answering it. A good option is a museum of cars, where you can learn about the history of the car industry, and know the development of different brands of cars. ③To find changes in your city, you can look up some information online. You may find Beijing West Street, which is a new cultural landmark in Changchun. It has become a hot topic. It used to be a common street. The buildings there have been rebuilt. Many drama festivals, street art shows and fairs of cultural products are held. The minute you arrive, you will be shocked by a rush of fresh energy in the busy air. ④Going somewhere in person and watching, you will get something unexpected. When you visit Jingyue National Forest Park, nature seems the only thing to enjoy. But surprisingly, you’ll also find so many people doing different outdoor activities, like walking, riding and camping. The beautiful scenes of human and nature will be printed in your mind, inspiring you to try something fantastic in no time. ⑤Exploring your city in a different light, you can know more about its history, culture and development. You will fall in love with where you live hundreds of times with a pair of admiring eyes. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How can people feel beauty in the place they’ve known well? A．By driving a car. B．By imagining the future. C．By drawing pictures. D．By learning about it with fresh eyes. 2．What does the underlined word “option” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Rule. B．Business. C．Choice. D．Sign. 3．Where can people get the information about street art shows? A．In the park. B．On the Internet. C．In the museum. D．On the radio. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, ... ) A． B． C． D． 5．What is probably the best title (标题) for this passage? A．Finding Beauty Around. B．Walking in Changes. C．Going Deep into Nature. D．Turning Old Street New. Not long ago, a photo of the football players in my college showed up on my phone as a “memory”, which was kept through the digital memory (数字记忆). I was surprised to see the photo at first and sweet memories flashed into my mind. In the photo, the players from the football team hugged together in excitement after they won the game. At that time, I took a photo of them with my phone. It recorded the friendship and the happiness. Then, I fell into the habit of taking photos of everything. More and more photos filled my phone so I almost forgot this photo. Thanks to the digital memory, I could enjoy the happy time again. People needed to make an effort to record things in the past. But now we can do something like that easily through the digital memory. We put what we want to remember into our smartphones. Most of the photos that I have kept on my phones— and in the cloud now— bring happy memories back to me. However, not all the digital memories are happy. Some are sad. When I see the photos of my lost pet, I am worried. Because they make me recall something I want to forget. Usually, digital memories are sent to me non-stop and without any human-like feelings. That drives me crazy. It’s hard to say clearly when the digital memory started madly. These digital memories, whether happy or sad, break into our lives. In my job as a reporter, I have spent the past five years taking different photos. They will always be there, whatever. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How did the writer feel when he saw the photo at first? A．Excited. B．Afraid. C．Bored. D．Surprised. 2．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)? A．The college. B．The photo taken by the writer. C．The football team. D．The game held long ago. 3．How do people record things easily now? A．By using smartphones. B．By valuing time. C．By creating memories with feelings. D．By developing good habits. 4．Why does the writer mention his lost pet? A．To hide some sadness in his life. B．To help people run away from the past. C．To show his dislike of some digital memories. D．To explain the digital memory is very easy to use. 5．Which of the following is RIGHT? A．The photos on phones record the past for people. B．The players in the football team liked taking photos. C．People today have to remember lots of happy times. D．The digital memory started when the writer became a reporter. If you see someone fall down suddenly, perhaps as a result of a heart attack, what can you do while you wait for professional help? Chen Wenqiaochu set a good example when he was fourteen. He performed CPR (心肺复苏术) on a staff person at his school, saving the man’s life in 2013. According to medical experts, there is a “golden period” — the first four minutes of a heart attack. During this time, CPR is best for saving the person’s life. In August, 2020, all public schools nationwide were asked to provide CPR courses in China, as part of health education. CPR is not hard to grasp. All that one needs to know is how to watch and decide if a person has a heart attack, where to press on the patient’s chest (胸), and how to blow air through the mouth and into the lungs (肺) . Unluckily, less than one percent of Chinese adults have mastered the skill of CPR, while many have never heard of it. A 2019 survey from China Youth Daily showed that although 64.6% of schools opened health education courses, the teaching results were not satisfactory. Zhao Shengyu, a graduate from a high school, remembered her first time to be taught CPR in the class. “No model, video or practice was included. I realized the acts I had been taught had lots of mistakes after I was trained another time in a medical school,” she said. According to her own experience, Zhao said more professional CPR courses in schools were necessary. Most countries have attached importance to CPR training. It was shown in a survey in 2017 that more than half of Americans had received CPR training. Switzerland, Germany, France and some other countries have also provided CPR training. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What is the “golden period” according to the passage? A．The first four minutes after CPR. B．The first four minutes before CPR. C．The first four minutes of a heart attack. D．The first four minutes before a heart attack. 2．What does the underlined word “grasp” in the passage probably mean? A．Spread widely. B．Understand completely. C．Repeat carefully. D．Think differently. 3．Why was more professional CPR training necessary according to Zhao Shengyu? A．Because most students had never heard of CPR. B．Because lots of countries provided CPR training. C．Because her first CPR learnings had lots of mistakes. D．Because experts advised students to master the skill of CPR. 4．Which is the right time order of the following facts? ① Chen Wenqiaochu saved a staff person at his school. ② All public schools were asked to provide CPR courses in China. ③ It was reported that 64.6% of schools opened health education courses. ④ A survey showed that more than half of Americans had received CPR training. A．①④③② B．②①④③ C．①③④② D．③②①④ 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The steps of performing CPR. B．The people saved by CPR in China. C．The recent situation of CPR courses in China. D．The development of CPR training around the world. 【热点话题练习】 ①In 2025, we remember the 80th anniversary of the end of China’s War of Resistance Against Japan (抗日战争). Two new films, “Nanjing Photo Studio” and “731” help us look back at this important history. Their main goal is to teach young people something about the past and the value of peace. ②The first film, “Nanjing Photo Studio,” tells a story during the very difficult time in Nanjing. A man who owns a photo shop decides to use his camera to take pictures of the terrible things happening around him. He risks his life to keep this visual record as evidence (证据) for the future. The film is a sad but powerful story about normal people being brave and kind during a very hard war. ③The second film, “731” is about a real and very scary part of history. It shows the bad things done by a Japanese army group called Unit 731. This group did cruel experiments on people. The film is direct and serious, telling us about the pain of the victims (受害者). It wants us to remember this dark history, so it never happens again. The movie uses some scenes from historical records to make the story feel more real. ④In short, both films tell us about the hard times during the war, but in different ways. “Nanjing Photo Studio” is a personal story about one man’s bravery. “731” is a serious film that shows the facts of war crimes. Together, they are important history lessons. They ask us to learn from the past and to love the peace we have today. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What is the main purpose of the two films? A．To make a lot of money. B．To tell funny stories about the war. C．To show beautiful pictures of China. D．To teach people the history and peace. 2．What does the underlined word “cruel” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Causing pain and suffering. B．Kind and helpful. C．Modern and new. D．Happy and exciting. 3．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2,...) A． B． C． D． 4．What did the main character in “Nanjing Photo Studio” use to document the events? A．His pen and diary. B．A video camera. C．His camera. D．His paintings. 5．What can we know from the passage about the filmmakers? A．They hoped their films could help people learn from the past. B．They made the films only for entertainment. C．They wanted people to forget the history. D．They thought the war was not important. Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk. People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. Leizu learned how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. This magical cloth became known as “silk”, and it was called “China’s Gold”. Following King’s orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries. But then, something amazing happened. During the Han Dynasty (朝代), the brave general Zhang Qian traveled to different Asian countries and brought silk there. As years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name-the Silk Road. The Silk Road became very busy for businessmen who carried things across deserts (沙漠) and mountains. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received goods such as spices (香料), gold and silver from the West. At the very beginning, it was mainly about business; then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures. For example, Chinese inventions like paper-making were spread to the West, while new ideas about math and science came to China. Most importantly, the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared along this ancient road. In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes (敦煌石窟) in China, you can see how the art combined (融合) Eastern and Western cultures into something different. It can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from all over the world could become friends through business and shared ideas. Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the greatest examples of business in history. It shows us how important it is to learn about and admire each other’s traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things. 根据短文内容，回答以下问题。 1．Who invented silk in ancient China? A．Zhang Qian. B．The Kings. C．The Yellow Emperor. D．Leizu. 2．What was spread from China to the west according to Paragraph 3? A．Silk and gold. B．Tea and paper-making. C．Spices and silver. D．New ideas of science. 3．What is the right order of the following facts from the passage? ①Zhang Qian went to other countries and brought silk there. ②Art and language were shared along the Silk Road. ③The Chinese were ordered to keep the secret of making silk. ④The silk road became popular among businessmen. ⑤People started to share science and technologies. A．①④③②⑤ B．③①④②⑤ C．③①④⑤② D．①③④⑤② 4．What does the underlined word “goods” mean in Paragraph 3? A．货物 B．金属 C．调料 D．木材 5．What does the story of the Silk Road mainly tell us? A．The change of world trade. B．The introduction of silk cloth. C．The influence of technology in history. D．The importance of cross-cultural communication. ①Do you often hear birdsong outside the window? How do you feel when you hear it? In fact, it is shown that birdsong can influence people’s life. ②Birdsong sounds especially nice in winter because it reminds people of spring. A study found that listening to birdsong for six minutes can help make people less stressed. It’s hard to feel sad when you hear birds singing or talking, as the energy in their songs makes people feel like walking in the garden. Unlike music, which can sometimes make you produce strong feelings, birdsong is usually seen as positive or neutral (中性的). If you live in a noisy city, birdsong can be a welcome relief from the stress caused by outside noise. ③It is believed that birdsong has also been found to improve focus. It can help people focus on their tasks and be more productive. That’s because when people play birdsong in the background at work, it seems that a “wall” is built to help them stay away from the unpleasant noise outside. In this way, birdsong can be a powerful tool to improvement at work. ④Carrie Tom, a doctor in North Carolina, has also found that birdsong makes it easier to help people enter a deep sleep. Birdsong, as a kind of white noise, can slow down people’s heartbeats and breath. After listening to birdsong for a long time, a conditioned response (条件反射) is developed in their brains. Therefore, birdsong becomes a signal of entering sleep, which helps them fall asleep faster than before and improves their sleep quality. ⑤Birdsong, a gift from nature, connects people with calmer, more natural settings and makes people feel happier and healthier. So, next time you hear a bird singing, take a moment to enjoy it and let it bring a little joy to your day! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．People who ________ might be interested in reading this passage. A．like loud and electronic music B．have problems sleeping C．can focus on tasks easily D．live in the countryside 2．How is the above passage organized? A． B． C． D． 3．We can infer from the passage that the writer is ________ towards birdsong. A．supportive B．doubtful C．neutral D．humorous 4．Birdsong is good to people in many ways EXCEPT that _________. A．it makes people less stressed B．it can help people focus on their tasks C．it causes some outside noise D．it helps people fall asleep faster 5．What is the text mainly about? A．The history of birdsong in human life. B．The best ways to record birdsong. C．Why birds dislike noisy cities. D．How birdsong influences people’s life. Do you know about triangles (三角形)? A triangle is a shape which has three straight sides. We learn this beautiful shape in math. In fact, you can find many things in the shape of triangles around us, such as sandwiches. Triangles are useful in our daily life. For example, we use lots of triangles when we build bridges. People and cars go across the bridge. The bridge carries a lot of weight. They are also useful for heavy buildings. Think about the Eiffel Tower in France, standing at 324 meters tall. What shape do you see there? Yes! You see triangles. Why do people use triangles to build heavy and tall buildings? It’s not an accident. Each of the three sides supports the other two, so a triangle will not change shape unless its sides are broken. A triangle can bear weight and is not easy to change, so it can hold a lot of weight. It can keep its shape over time and give support to these buildings to stay standing for years to come. Are triangles always useful? If there is a big earthquake, what do you do? Hide under a table or in the toilet? Someone says people should stay next to a tall and heavy thing. When the ceilings (天花板) falls on that thing, they will make a triangle-shaped space for people to stay in. He calls it the “Triangle of life”. However, some scientists don’t agree with him. They believe that it’s difficult to know where the triangles will be, because things move during earthquakes. Also, it’s not safe to stay next to heavy things. Studies show heavy things falling kills more people than ceilings do. When considering the use of triangles, we should also think about the conditions. After all, we should make good use of triangles, maybe just little things. Think about the last time you stood on a moving bus. Did you stand with your feet apart? Then, you just made yourself a triangle! 根据文章内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why do people use the triangle to build heavy buildings? A．Because it looks beautiful. B．Because it has three straight sides. C．Because it is strong and not easy to change. D．Because it is used for building Eiffel Tower in France. 2．What does the underlined word “bear” mean? A．support B．lose C．put D．create 3．Why do scientists think finding “Triangle of life” is a bad idea in earthquakes? A．Because the idea “Triangle of life” only works in big earthquakes. B．Because triangles are only used in building bridges or heavy things. C．Because it is hard to find a tall and heavy thing to make a “Triangle of life” place. D．Because things move during earthquakes and it is difficult to find a “Triangle of life” place. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Triangles are only found in math classes in our daily lives B．It’s safe to hide under a table when there is an earthquake. C．Standing on a moving bus with your feet apart is a good use of triangle. D．When considering the use of triangles, we don’t need to think about any other things . 5．What’s the writer’s purpose for writing the passage? A．To tell people how to use triangles to build things. B．To tell people how triangles are used in daily life. C．To tell people how to protect themselves in an earthquake. D．To tell people what a triangle is like. ①The Lantern Festival is a time for people to light lanterns, set off fireworks, eat yuanxiao and enjoy family time. But do you know how this festival started? ②In the Han Dynasty, there was a man named Dongfang Shuo. He worked for the Emperor Wu of Han, Liu Che. One day, Dongfang met a crying maid (宫女) called Yuanxiao in the emperor’s garden. Yuanxiao told him she was sad because she couldn’t see her family. ③Dongfang promised to help Yuanxiao. He left the garden and went to the street. He told people that a big fire would happen on the 15th day of lunar January. It was the order of Yuhuang Dadi. Word spread quickly and people in the city were scared. ④The emperor heard of it and asked Dongfang for advice. Dongfang advised him to let Yuaxiao make glutinous rice (糯米) balls for Huo Shen to make him happy. He also advised everyone in the city to put up red lanterns and set off fireworks to create an illusion that the city was on fire. Seeing this, Yuhuang Dadi would not set fire. ⑤On the special day, the city was full of people and lanterns. Yuanxiao’s parents met their daughter in the crowd. The city was safe, and the emperor was happy. He ordered that every year on this day, people should make glutinous rice balls and hang lanterns. ⑥From then on, the 15th day of lunar January has been called the Lantern Festival or Yuanxiao Jie. Since Yuanxiao cooked the glutinous rice balls, people call them yuanxiao or tangyuan. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Why did Yuanxiao cry in the emperor’s garden? A．She lost her job. B．She did something wrong. C．She missed her family. D．She was punished by the emperor. 2．The underlined word “illusion” probably means “________” in English. A．true facts B．bad idea C．real danger D．something not real 3．Which of the following is right about the article? A．Dongfang told people there would be a big fire on the fifth day in lunar January. B．The emperor asked Yuanxiao to make glutinous rice balls for Yuhuang Dadi. C．Dongfang asked people to use lanterns and fireworks to fool Yuhuang Dadi. D．Huo Shen ordered people to celebrate the Lantern Festival every year to make him happy. 4．What kind of person was Dongfang Shuo in the story? A．He was very strong and could do magic. B．He only listened to the emperor’s order. C．He was bad and didn’t want others to be happy. D．He was smart and helped people in a clever way. 5．What is the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． In the age of smartphones and social media (社交媒体), many teenagers spend most of their free time on their smartphones and computers. However, reading books still remains one of the most valuable activities for students, especially for ninth-graders. First, reading books improves our language skills. Unlike short messages or social media posts (帖子), books have rich vocabulary and proper sentences. When we read, we learn new words and understand how to use them correctly. This helps us not only in exams but also in daily communication. Second, reading broadens our horizons. Books cover all kinds of topics, such as history, science, and literature. By reading a history book, we can learn about ancient civilizations (文明) without traveling back in time. A science book can explain natural phenomena (现象) that we see in our daily lives. These experiences make us more knowledgeable. Finally, reading helps develop critical thinking (批判思维). When we read a story or an argument, we need to follow the logic (逻辑) and understand the author’s ideas. We may even question some points and form our own opinions. This ability is very important for our studies and future life. In conclusion, reading books is much more than a hobby. It is a key to improving ourselves. Let’s make reading a regular part of our lives. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What do many students spend most of their free time on? A．Their schoolwork. B．Their hobbies. C．Their smartphones and computers. D．Their valuable activities. 2．Why does reading books improve language skills? Because ________. A．it provides short messages B．it has rich vocabulary and proper sentences C．it helps with exam preparation only D．it teaches daily communication directly 3．Which of the following is NOT a benefit (益处) of reading mentioned in the passage? A．Improving language skills. B．Broadening horizons. C．Making more friends online. D．Developing critical thinking. 4．Which is the correct structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Smartphones are bad for teenagers B．Reading books is beneficial for students C．How to choose good books for ninth-graders D．Different types of books for students ①Do you know pizza is one of the most popular fast foods in the world? In fact, around the world, people eat 14,000,000 pizzas every day! But where did pizza come from and what makes it so popular? Read on to find out. ②Many years ago, the Greeks, Italians, and Persians started putting vegetables, oil, cheese, and other things on the bread. The ingredients (食材) depended on the area, but there was one thing in common: Everyone put the toppings on the bread. This was the early kind of pizza. ③Our modern pizza can go back to the Romans over 2,000 years ago. They put cheese and olive oil on bread. In the 1700s, a pizza with tomato and cheese became popular in Naples, Italy. Later, Italians brought the pizza to America, and then it became a popular food all over the world, with different pizzas from different places. ④Photos of movie stars and famous sports stars with pizza helped it become more and more popular, and that caused competitions. Today, we have the World Pizza Games. There are also all kinds of world records. For example, in 2017, there was a new record for the world’s longest pizza. It was over 1.9 kilometers long! ⑤Today, pizza is popular all over the world, and different places have their own pizzas. So do you like eating or cooking pizza? What kind of pizza is your favourite? 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By asking questions. C．By comparing facts. D．By telling stories. 2．How many pizzas are eaten every day? A．1,700. B．2,000. C．14,000,000. D．2017. 3．Which of the following is NOT a pizza topping? A．Bread. B．Cheese. C．Tomato. D．Oil. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The way of making pizza. B．The place to buy delicious pizza. C．The birth place of pizza. D．The history and popularity of pizza. Everyone loves color. It’s the best way to brighten up a room, place, or person. Each color has a meaning or symbolizes something important in different cultures. When it comes to Chinese culture especially, colors have important meanings and stand for different beliefs. There has been the color red since prehistoric (史前的) times. It is said that most of the cave drawings discovered in different parts of the world including China were done in red. Earlier on, China is also said to have used the color red to paint in early pottery (陶器,陶瓷) . Later it was used to paint the walls and gates of the Chinese palaces. Even in the paintings of the emperors, most of them are seen wearing red robes (长袍) . It is not clear as to exactly when red became an official color, much less when it was introduced to China or became an important part of its culture. There are however some myths that try to explain this. The first myth shows that red became a lucky color during the Han Dynasty: It is believed that the first emperor of the Han Dynasty was the son of the Red Emperor. As such, people in that period saw the color red as a symbol of honor and power and decided to honor it. Another myth is that there was a mythical beast called Nian. Nian used to eat people every new year’s eve. But one day people were told that the beast was scared of loud noises and the color red. So, they started hanging red scrolls (卷轴) and lanterns in front of their doors and lighted firecrackers and performed the lion dance. Since then, the beast is said to have disappeared and never returned. This tradition is carried forward to the present day.根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a fact. B．By giving advice. C．By telling a story. D．By giving a report. 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Results of using red. B．Purposes of using red. C．Places where red is used. D．Reasons why red is used. 3．What does the underlined word “myths” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Funny stories. B．True stories. C．Fairy stories. D．Exciting games. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Nian will become kind. B．Red means much wealth. C．Nian will come again. D．Red is considered a lucky color. 5．What is the structure of the passage?（①～⑤for each paragraph） A． B． C． D． The AI Baby volunteer service team, founded by Sheng Jianzhong from Hangzhou University of Science and Technology, has successfully helped 19 children reconnect with their family by restoring photographs of missing relatives. Sheng was inspired to start the project in 2020 after watching a TV program that showed blurry photos of missing children. Recognizing the challenge caused by unclear photos, he got a group of students together to develop an AI system to restore them. After six months of hard work, the team developed a platform that makes old photos easier to recognize. People can share these improved photos online, print them on clothes, or show them on big posters. These methods increase the chance of a successful reunion. Since its founding, the team has grown from four members to over 30 key members, supported by a group of 300 volunteers. Their services are free and driven by the final goal of reuniting families. The team’s influence goes across the strait, with students from Taiwan joining the effort to help people on the island reconnect with their mainland relatives. Chang Shaolin, a 20-year-old volunteer from Taiwan, said, “I chose to become a volunteer because ________.” Her family reconnected with their mainland relatives using photos which were improved by the platform. Today, her relatives on both sides remain in close touch. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What does the underlined word “blurry” mean in Chinese? A．模糊的 B．抽象的 C．具体的 D．良好的 2．How can people deal with the improved photos for a successful reunion? ①Share them online.        ②Print them on clothes. ③Sell them on the platform.        ④Show them on big posters. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 3．What can we know about the volunteer service team? A．It has four key members. B．The members restore photos for free. C．The members are from the same university. D．Its goal is to develop an AI system. 4．Which of the following can be put in the “________”? A．I want to learn more about AI technology B．I want to visit my relatives on the mainland C．I want more people to join this service team D．I want more people to find their roots just like I did 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Volunteers use AI to help reunite families. B．A group of college students like to collect old photos. C．A team call on people to care about kids without relatives. D．Some people in Taiwan try to find relatives on the mainland. Every year, all the schools in China carry out fire drills (消防演练). When the drill starts, you’ll usually hear a loud alarm bell. Teachers will guide you to line up quickly. You need to cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth (if you have one) and walk down the stairs (楼梯) calmly. The goal of these drills is to make students pay more attention to fire safety. They also help you remember what to do if a real fire happens, so you won’t feel scared. Fire drills are a common practice for keeping everyone safe when escaping from a fire in a building. A fire extinguisher is a metal container with water or chemicals (化学药剂) inside for putting out small fires. Do you know how to use the fire extinguisher (灭火器)? Here are some steps. • Find an extinguisher that is close to you. • Shake it after picking up the extinguisher. • Pull off the safety pin (保险栓) quickly. • Point the tube (软管) at the root of the fire. • Press down on the handle (把手) until you put out the fire. Notice: When using the fire extinguisher, please be careful enough not to get hurt. Never get too close to the fire. Also, remember that fire extinguishers only work for small fires. If the fire is big and spreads fast, run away immediately and call 119 for help. Fire safety is everyone’s job, and these small steps can keep us all safe. 根据短文，选择最佳答案。 1．What is the main goal of carrying out fire drills in Chinese schools? A．To let students have fun during school time. B．To help students know the school’s stairs well. C．To make students pay more attention to fire safety and know what to do. D．To show how well the school’s fire extinguishers work. 2．Which of the following is NOT a part of a fire extinguisher? A．A safety pin. B．A tube. C．A handle. D．A bell. 3．What’s in a fire extinguisher? A．Oil or chemicals. B．Water or sand. C．Water or chemicals. D．Sand or oil. 4．How many steps are talked about for using the fire extinguisher? A．Seven. B．Six. C．Five. D．Four. 5．According to the passage, what will you do first after getting the fire extinguisher? A．Find it. B．Shake it. C．Pull off the safety pin. D．Press down on the handle. ①Water is important for all living things on Earth. The water cycle (水循环) is a natural process that takes water from the ground and the sky and brings it back to Earth again. It is a cycle that happens all year round and is the most active from June to August in China. Now, let’s learn about the water cycle and discuss its importance. ②The water cycle always begins with water vapour (水蒸气). When it’s hot outside, you can see clouds forming in the sky. These clouds are made of water vapour that comes from the ground, plants and rivers. As water vapour rises into the sky, it cools down and becomes clouds. After that, clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow. Then, water runs through rivers and oceans and finally returns to Earth again in different forms. ③The water cycle is important in protecting our Earth’s climate (气候) . It provides us with water to drink and keeps our climate healthy. Additionally, it takes water from rivers and oceans and brings it to the areas that don’t have enough water. Without the water cycle, we would face many problems. When there is too much water in one place, it leads to a flood. When there is a severe shortage of water, it leads to a drought. Moreover, water vapour can take heat from the sun and keep our Earth cool. The water cycle is a natural process that keeps our Earth alive. It’s important for plants and animals to drink water and for our rivers to stay flowing with water. ④Understanding the water cycle can help us enjoy the beauty of nature, know how our Earth works and find better ways to protect our Earth, and that is our duty. 根据短文内容，选择恰当的答案。 1．Which season has the most active water cycle in China? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter. 2．Which is the right order of the water cycle according to the passage? a. Water returns to the ground.     b. Rain or snow falls down. c. Water vapour rises up.     d. Clouds are formed in the sky. A．c-b-d-a B．c-d-b-a C．d-c-b-a D．d-b-c-a 3．Why is the water cycle important? A．Because it brings people warm weather. B．Because it cleans the air and the ground. C．Because it makes the climate healthy. D．Because it shows the beauty of nature. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? (①-paragraph 1, ②-paragraph 2, ...) A． B． C． D． 5．The passage probably comes from the _________ column (栏目) of a magazine. A．science B．travel C．animal D．sports When we touch something with our fingers, we can feel how warm or cold it is. However, most wearers of prosthetic hands (假肢) can’t feel it. To change that, a group of scientists in Switzerland have developed the “MiniTouch”. The MiniTouch can be easily paired with a prosthetic hand. The wearer of the hand can then use it. Firstly, it collects thermal (热的) information from a finger of the hand. The information is then sent to the nerves (神经) that were once connected to the missing hand. This can help the wearer to sense temperature in daily life. Fabrizio was the first to try out the MiniTouch. The Italian man is 57 years old. He lost his right hand 37 years ago. For one test, the team prepared three similar bottles. They were filled with cold (12℃), cool (24℃) or hot water (40℃). With the help of the MiniTouch, Fabrizio could quickly tell the difference and didn’t make any mistakes. Without it, he only got 33% right. In another test, he sorted (分类) steel blocks according to their temperatures. The MiniTouch helped him to get 75% right. The scientists’ next step is to improve their device (装置；设备). They want it to be able to sense touch as well. In this way, it will tell the user “this is soft and hot” or “this is hard and cold”. Another goal is to make the MiniTouch able to collect thermal information from four other fingers. “It’s all about giving the wearer a richer, more natural sense of the world,” said Micera, one of the scientists. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Why do the scientists develop the MiniTouch? A．To touch something. B．To feel the temperature. C．To help the disabled. D．To change prosthetic hands. 2．How does the MiniTouch work? ①The wearer senses the temperature. ②The MiniTouch collects information. ③The disabled person wears the Mini Touch. ④The index finger (食指) sends information. A．②③④① B．②①③④ C．③①②④ D．③②④① 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．His right hand. B．Cold water. C．The MiniTouch. D．The temperature. 4．What do we know about Fabrizio? A．Fabrizio comes from Switzerland. B．He had two tests about the MiniTouch. C．He lost his hands at the age of 20. D．He could sort steel blocks by himself. 5．What is the goal of the future MiniTouch? A．To help the wearers to have more money. B．To use five fingers to collect information. C．To tell the sense of sight by using it. D．To offer the users a richer sense of the world. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (长春专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 方法/策略,说明文 2 较易 科普知识,说明文 3 适中 急救,教育,说明文 4 适中 电影与戏剧,说明文,中华文化 5 适中 中华文化,说明文 6 适中 人与动植物,说明文 7 适中 科普知识,说明文 8 适中 传统节日,说明文,中华文化 9 适中 阅读,说明文 10 较易 食物,说明文 11 适中 颜色,说明文,中华文化 12 适中 志愿服务,说明文 13 适中 自我保护,说明文 14 适中 环境保护,科普知识,说明文 15 适中 发明与创造,科学技术,说明文 【中考真题】 ①You may wonder how you can find beauty in the place you’ve known so well. People usually think only by going to places far away can they feel that. In fact, what you need to do is to explore (探索) with fresh eyes. ②Imagining yourself as a guide is a good way. Where will you suggest visitors go if they come to Changchun? You can find some good places by answering it. A good option is a museum of cars, where you can learn about the history of the car industry, and know the development of different brands of cars. ③To find changes in your city, you can look up some information online. You may find Beijing West Street, which is a new cultural landmark in Changchun. It has become a hot topic. It used to be a common street. The buildings there have been rebuilt. Many drama festivals, street art shows and fairs of cultural products are held. The minute you arrive, you will be shocked by a rush of fresh energy in the busy air. ④Going somewhere in person and watching, you will get something unexpected. When you visit Jingyue National Forest Park, nature seems the only thing to enjoy. But surprisingly, you’ll also find so many people doing different outdoor activities, like walking, riding and camping. The beautiful scenes of human and nature will be printed in your mind, inspiring you to try something fantastic in no time. ⑤Exploring your city in a different light, you can know more about its history, culture and development. You will fall in love with where you live hundreds of times with a pair of admiring eyes. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How can people feel beauty in the place they’ve known well? A．By driving a car. B．By imagining the future. C．By drawing pictures. D．By learning about it with fresh eyes. 2．What does the underlined word “option” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Rule. B．Business. C．Choice. D．Sign. 3．Where can people get the information about street art shows? A．In the park. B．On the Internet. C．In the museum. D．On the radio. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, ... ) A． B． C． D． 5．What is probably the best title (标题) for this passage? A．Finding Beauty Around. B．Walking in Changes. C．Going Deep into Nature. D．Turning Old Street New. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了如何通过新的视角重新发现身边熟悉地方的美 1．细节理解题。根据“In fact, what you need to do is to explore (探索) with fresh eyes.”可知，人们需要用新鲜的眼光去了解熟悉的地方才能感受到美。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Where will you suggest visitors go if they come to Changchun? You can find some good places by answering it. A good option is a museum of cars...”可知，作者建议以导游的身份思考推荐游客去的地方，汽车博物馆是一个好的选择，因此“option”意为“选择”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“To find changes in your city, you can look up some information online...Many drama festivals, street art shows and fairs of cultural products are held.”可知，人们可以在网上获取关于街头艺术表演的信息。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段提出主题——用新的视角发现身边的美；第二至四段分别通过想象、查找信息和亲身经历三个具体方法展开论述；第五段总结全文，强调通过不同视角探索城市能让人更加热爱生活的地方。选项C与文章结构相符。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。文章围绕“如何发现身边熟悉地方的美”展开，强调通过探索和新的视角感受城市之美。选项A“Finding Beauty Around”（发现身边的美）最能概括文章主旨。故选A。 Not long ago, a photo of the football players in my college showed up on my phone as a “memory”, which was kept through the digital memory (数字记忆). I was surprised to see the photo at first and sweet memories flashed into my mind. In the photo, the players from the football team hugged together in excitement after they won the game. At that time, I took a photo of them with my phone. It recorded the friendship and the happiness. Then, I fell into the habit of taking photos of everything. More and more photos filled my phone so I almost forgot this photo. Thanks to the digital memory, I could enjoy the happy time again. People needed to make an effort to record things in the past. But now we can do something like that easily through the digital memory. We put what we want to remember into our smartphones. Most of the photos that I have kept on my phones— and in the cloud now— bring happy memories back to me. However, not all the digital memories are happy. Some are sad. When I see the photos of my lost pet, I am worried. Because they make me recall something I want to forget. Usually, digital memories are sent to me non-stop and without any human-like feelings. That drives me crazy. It’s hard to say clearly when the digital memory started madly. These digital memories, whether happy or sad, break into our lives. In my job as a reporter, I have spent the past five years taking different photos. They will always be there, whatever. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How did the writer feel when he saw the photo at first? A．Excited. B．Afraid. C．Bored. D．Surprised. 2．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)? A．The college. B．The photo taken by the writer. C．The football team. D．The game held long ago. 3．How do people record things easily now? A．By using smartphones. B．By valuing time. C．By creating memories with feelings. D．By developing good habits. 4．Why does the writer mention his lost pet? A．To hide some sadness in his life. B．To help people run away from the past. C．To show his dislike of some digital memories. D．To explain the digital memory is very easy to use. 5．Which of the following is RIGHT? A．The photos on phones record the past for people. B．The players in the football team liked taking photos. C．People today have to remember lots of happy times. D．The digital memory started when the writer became a reporter. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了数字记忆对人们生活的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“I was surprised to see the photo at first and sweet memories flashed into my mind.”可知，作者最初看到照片时感到惊讶。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“At that time, I took a photo of them with my phone. It recorded the friendship and the happiness.”可知，当时，我用手机给他们拍了一张照片。这张照片记录下了他们的友谊以及那份快乐。“It”指代的是作者用手机拍摄的那张照片，因为它记录了友谊和幸福。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“But now we can do something like that easily through the digital memory. We put what we want to remember into our smartphones.”可知，现在人们通过智能手机轻松记录事物。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“However, not all the digital memories are happy. Some are sad...When I see the photos of my lost pet, I am worried. Because they make me recall something I want to forget.”可知，作者提到失去的宠物是为了说明一些数字记忆会带来不愉快的回忆，从而表达他对这类数字记忆的不喜欢。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“Most of the photos that I have kept on my phones— and in the cloud now— bring happy memories back to me.”可知，手机上的照片为人们记录了过去，无论是快乐还是悲伤的回忆。故选A。 If you see someone fall down suddenly, perhaps as a result of a heart attack, what can you do while you wait for professional help? Chen Wenqiaochu set a good example when he was fourteen. He performed CPR (心肺复苏术) on a staff person at his school, saving the man’s life in 2013. According to medical experts, there is a “golden period” — the first four minutes of a heart attack. During this time, CPR is best for saving the person’s life. In August, 2020, all public schools nationwide were asked to provide CPR courses in China, as part of health education. CPR is not hard to grasp. All that one needs to know is how to watch and decide if a person has a heart attack, where to press on the patient’s chest (胸), and how to blow air through the mouth and into the lungs (肺) . Unluckily, less than one percent of Chinese adults have mastered the skill of CPR, while many have never heard of it. A 2019 survey from China Youth Daily showed that although 64.6% of schools opened health education courses, the teaching results were not satisfactory. Zhao Shengyu, a graduate from a high school, remembered her first time to be taught CPR in the class. “No model, video or practice was included. I realized the acts I had been taught had lots of mistakes after I was trained another time in a medical school,” she said. According to her own experience, Zhao said more professional CPR courses in schools were necessary. Most countries have attached importance to CPR training. It was shown in a survey in 2017 that more than half of Americans had received CPR training. Switzerland, Germany, France and some other countries have also provided CPR training. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What is the “golden period” according to the passage? A．The first four minutes after CPR. B．The first four minutes before CPR. C．The first four minutes of a heart attack. D．The first four minutes before a heart attack. 2．What does the underlined word “grasp” in the passage probably mean? A．Spread widely. B．Understand completely. C．Repeat carefully. D．Think differently. 3．Why was more professional CPR training necessary according to Zhao Shengyu? A．Because most students had never heard of CPR. B．Because lots of countries provided CPR training. C．Because her first CPR learnings had lots of mistakes. D．Because experts advised students to master the skill of CPR. 4．Which is the right time order of the following facts? ① Chen Wenqiaochu saved a staff person at his school. ② All public schools were asked to provide CPR courses in China. ③ It was reported that 64.6% of schools opened health education courses. ④ A survey showed that more than half of Americans had received CPR training. A．①④③② B．②①④③ C．①③④② D．③②①④ 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The steps of performing CPR. B．The people saved by CPR in China. C．The recent situation of CPR courses in China. D．The development of CPR training around the world. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了懂得心肺复苏急救法的重要性，目前中国学校在传授这门课程以及学生掌握程度的情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“there is a ‘golden period’ — the first four minutes of a heart attack”可知，心脏病发作的前四分钟是急救的黄金期，故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“All that one needs to know is how to watch and decide if a person has a heart attack, where to press on the patient’s chest (胸), and how to blow air through the mouth and into the lungs”可知，划线部分之后是在介绍如何完全掌握心肺复苏的方法，所以grasp表示“理解，领会”，与B选项的词义接近，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“I realized the acts I had been taught had lots of mistakes after I was trained another time in a medical school”可知，因为第一次所学的心肺复苏有很多错误，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Chen Wenqiaochu set a good example when he was fourteen. He performed CPR (心肺复苏术) on a staff person at his school, saving the man’s life in 2013”可知，陈文翘楚在他学校救了一个教职员，①排在第一位，排除B和D选项。根据“It was shown in a survey in 2017 that more than half of Americans had received CPR training”可知，2017年的一项调查显示，超过一半的美国人接受过心肺复苏培训，所以④排在第二位，排除C选项，故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“In August, 2020, all public schools nationwide were asked to provide CPR courses in China…Unluckily, less than one percent of Chinese adults have mastered the skill of CPR, while many have never heard of it”可知，本文主要介绍了目前中国学校在传授心肺复苏这门课程以及学生掌握程度的情况，故选C。 【热点话题练习】 ①In 2025, we remember the 80th anniversary of the end of China’s War of Resistance Against Japan (抗日战争). Two new films, “Nanjing Photo Studio” and “731” help us look back at this important history. Their main goal is to teach young people something about the past and the value of peace. ②The first film, “Nanjing Photo Studio,” tells a story during the very difficult time in Nanjing. A man who owns a photo shop decides to use his camera to take pictures of the terrible things happening around him. He risks his life to keep this visual record as evidence (证据) for the future. The film is a sad but powerful story about normal people being brave and kind during a very hard war. ③The second film, “731” is about a real and very scary part of history. It shows the bad things done by a Japanese army group called Unit 731. This group did cruel experiments on people. The film is direct and serious, telling us about the pain of the victims (受害者). It wants us to remember this dark history, so it never happens again. The movie uses some scenes from historical records to make the story feel more real. ④In short, both films tell us about the hard times during the war, but in different ways. “Nanjing Photo Studio” is a personal story about one man’s bravery. “731” is a serious film that shows the facts of war crimes. Together, they are important history lessons. They ask us to learn from the past and to love the peace we have today. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What is the main purpose of the two films? A．To make a lot of money. B．To tell funny stories about the war. C．To show beautiful pictures of China. D．To teach people the history and peace. 2．What does the underlined word “cruel” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Causing pain and suffering. B．Kind and helpful. C．Modern and new. D．Happy and exciting. 3．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2,...) A． B． C． D． 4．What did the main character in “Nanjing Photo Studio” use to document the events? A．His pen and diary. B．A video camera. C．His camera. D．His paintings. 5．What can we know from the passage about the filmmakers? A．They hoped their films could help people learn from the past. B．They made the films only for entertainment. C．They wanted people to forget the history. D．They thought the war was not important. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了《南京照相馆》和《731》两部纪念抗战胜利80周年的电影，分别讲述了它们的故事内容与呈现特点，并总结二者以不同方式传递历史、呼吁铭记过去与珍惜和平的意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“Their main goal is to teach young people something about the past and the value of peace.”可知，两部电影的主要目的是教给人们历史和和平的价值。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“It shows the bad things done by a Japanese army group called Unit 731.”和“The film is direct and serious, telling us about the pain of the victims (受害者).”可知，731部队做了伤害受害者的坏事，导致了受害者的痛苦，因此“cruel”意为“造成痛苦和苦难的”。故选A。 3．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，①段总述两部电影的核心目的；②③段介绍《南京照相馆》的故事内容，介绍《731》的历史背景和呈现方式；④段总结两部电影的不同视角及共同的历史教育意义，属于“总—分—总”结构。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“A man who owns a photo shop decides to use his camera to take pictures of the terrible things happening around him.”可知，《南京照相馆》的主角用相机记录事件。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“Their main goal is to teach young people something about the past and the value of peace.”和“They ask us to learn from the past and to love the peace we have today.”可知，电影制作者希望他们的电影能帮助人们从过去中学习。故选A。 Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk. People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. Leizu learned how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. This magical cloth became known as “silk”, and it was called “China’s Gold”. Following King’s orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries. But then, something amazing happened. During the Han Dynasty (朝代), the brave general Zhang Qian traveled to different Asian countries and brought silk there. As years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name-the Silk Road. The Silk Road became very busy for businessmen who carried things across deserts (沙漠) and mountains. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received goods such as spices (香料), gold and silver from the West. At the very beginning, it was mainly about business; then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures. For example, Chinese inventions like paper-making were spread to the West, while new ideas about math and science came to China. Most importantly, the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared along this ancient road. In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes (敦煌石窟) in China, you can see how the art combined (融合) Eastern and Western cultures into something different. It can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from all over the world could become friends through business and shared ideas. Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the greatest examples of business in history. It shows us how important it is to learn about and admire each other’s traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things. 根据短文内容，回答以下问题。 1．Who invented silk in ancient China? A．Zhang Qian. B．The Kings. C．The Yellow Emperor. D．Leizu. 2．What was spread from China to the west according to Paragraph 3? A．Silk and gold. B．Tea and paper-making. C．Spices and silver. D．New ideas of science. 3．What is the right order of the following facts from the passage? ①Zhang Qian went to other countries and brought silk there. ②Art and language were shared along the Silk Road. ③The Chinese were ordered to keep the secret of making silk. ④The silk road became popular among businessmen. ⑤People started to share science and technologies. A．①④③②⑤ B．③①④②⑤ C．③①④⑤② D．①③④⑤② 4．What does the underlined word “goods” mean in Paragraph 3? A．货物 B．金属 C．调料 D．木材 5．What does the story of the Silk Road mainly tell us? A．The change of world trade. B．The introduction of silk cloth. C．The influence of technology in history. D．The importance of cross-cultural communication. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国古代丝绸的发明、丝绸之路的形成及其在促进东西方文化交流中的重要作用。 1．细节理解题。根据“People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor.” 可知丝绸是由黄帝的妻子嫘祖发明的，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“From China, people sold silk and tea… Chinese inventions like paper-making were spread to the West” 可知从中国传到西方的是丝绸、茶叶和造纸术，故选B。 3．细节理解题。原文第一段提到「Following King’s orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries」对应③；第二段提到「During the Han Dynasty… Zhang Qian traveled to different Asian countries and brought silk there」对应①；第三段提到「The Silk Road became very busy for businessmen…」对应④；第四段提到「people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures」对应⑤；最后提到「Art, music and even language were shared…」对应②。因此正确顺序是③→①→④→⑤→②，故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据“goods such as spices, gold and silver” 可知“goods”指代的是“香料、金银”等具体物品，因此意为“货物”，故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The story of the Silk Road tells us… different cultures can work together” 可知丝绸之路的故事主要强调跨文化交流的重要性，故选D。 ①Do you often hear birdsong outside the window? How do you feel when you hear it? In fact, it is shown that birdsong can influence people’s life. ②Birdsong sounds especially nice in winter because it reminds people of spring. A study found that listening to birdsong for six minutes can help make people less stressed. It’s hard to feel sad when you hear birds singing or talking, as the energy in their songs makes people feel like walking in the garden. Unlike music, which can sometimes make you produce strong feelings, birdsong is usually seen as positive or neutral (中性的). If you live in a noisy city, birdsong can be a welcome relief from the stress caused by outside noise. ③It is believed that birdsong has also been found to improve focus. It can help people focus on their tasks and be more productive. That’s because when people play birdsong in the background at work, it seems that a “wall” is built to help them stay away from the unpleasant noise outside. In this way, birdsong can be a powerful tool to improvement at work. ④Carrie Tom, a doctor in North Carolina, has also found that birdsong makes it easier to help people enter a deep sleep. Birdsong, as a kind of white noise, can slow down people’s heartbeats and breath. After listening to birdsong for a long time, a conditioned response (条件反射) is developed in their brains. Therefore, birdsong becomes a signal of entering sleep, which helps them fall asleep faster than before and improves their sleep quality. ⑤Birdsong, a gift from nature, connects people with calmer, more natural settings and makes people feel happier and healthier. So, next time you hear a bird singing, take a moment to enjoy it and let it bring a little joy to your day! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．People who ________ might be interested in reading this passage. A．like loud and electronic music B．have problems sleeping C．can focus on tasks easily D．live in the countryside 2．How is the above passage organized? A． B． C． D． 3．We can infer from the passage that the writer is ________ towards birdsong. A．supportive B．doubtful C．neutral D．humorous 4．Birdsong is good to people in many ways EXCEPT that _________. A．it makes people less stressed B．it can help people focus on their tasks C．it causes some outside noise D．it helps people fall asleep faster 5．What is the text mainly about? A．The history of birdsong in human life. B．The best ways to record birdsong. C．Why birds dislike noisy cities. D．How birdsong influences people’s life. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了鸟鸣对人们生活的多方面积极影响，包括减轻压力、提高专注力、帮助改善睡眠质量等，最后呼吁人们欣赏鸟鸣带来的美好。 1．推理判断题。根据第④段“Carrie Tom, a doctor in North Carolina, has also found that birdsong makes it easier to help people enter a deep sleep.”可知，鸟鸣能让人更容易进入深度睡眠。由此可知，有睡眠问题的人可能会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选B。 2．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第①段总述鸟鸣会影响人们的生活；第②③④段分别从缓解压力、提高专注力、改善睡眠三个方面具体阐述鸟鸣的好处；第⑤段总结鸟鸣的积极意义，是“总分总”结构，与选项B的结构相符。故选B。 3．观点态度题。根据第⑤段“Birdsong, a gift from nature, connects people with calmer, more natural settings and makes people feel happier and healthier.”可知，鸟鸣是大自然的馈赠，能让人们与更平静、更自然的环境相连，让人们感到更快乐、更健康。由此可知，作者对鸟鸣是支持的态度。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第②段“If you live in a noisy city, birdsong can be a welcome relief from the stress caused by outside noise.”可知，如果你住在嘈杂的城市里，鸟鸣可以让人从外部噪音带来的压力中得到惬意的缓解。由此可知，鸟鸣不会造成外部噪音，C选项表述错误。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了鸟鸣对人们生活的多方面积极影响。故选D。 Do you know about triangles (三角形)? A triangle is a shape which has three straight sides. We learn this beautiful shape in math. In fact, you can find many things in the shape of triangles around us, such as sandwiches. Triangles are useful in our daily life. For example, we use lots of triangles when we build bridges. People and cars go across the bridge. The bridge carries a lot of weight. They are also useful for heavy buildings. Think about the Eiffel Tower in France, standing at 324 meters tall. What shape do you see there? Yes! You see triangles. Why do people use triangles to build heavy and tall buildings? It’s not an accident. Each of the three sides supports the other two, so a triangle will not change shape unless its sides are broken. A triangle can bear weight and is not easy to change, so it can hold a lot of weight. It can keep its shape over time and give support to these buildings to stay standing for years to come. Are triangles always useful? If there is a big earthquake, what do you do? Hide under a table or in the toilet? Someone says people should stay next to a tall and heavy thing. When the ceilings (天花板) falls on that thing, they will make a triangle-shaped space for people to stay in. He calls it the “Triangle of life”. However, some scientists don’t agree with him. They believe that it’s difficult to know where the triangles will be, because things move during earthquakes. Also, it’s not safe to stay next to heavy things. Studies show heavy things falling kills more people than ceilings do. When considering the use of triangles, we should also think about the conditions. After all, we should make good use of triangles, maybe just little things. Think about the last time you stood on a moving bus. Did you stand with your feet apart? Then, you just made yourself a triangle! 根据文章内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why do people use the triangle to build heavy buildings? A．Because it looks beautiful. B．Because it has three straight sides. C．Because it is strong and not easy to change. D．Because it is used for building Eiffel Tower in France. 2．What does the underlined word “bear” mean? A．support B．lose C．put D．create 3．Why do scientists think finding “Triangle of life” is a bad idea in earthquakes? A．Because the idea “Triangle of life” only works in big earthquakes. B．Because triangles are only used in building bridges or heavy things. C．Because it is hard to find a tall and heavy thing to make a “Triangle of life” place. D．Because things move during earthquakes and it is difficult to find a “Triangle of life” place. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Triangles are only found in math classes in our daily lives B．It’s safe to hide under a table when there is an earthquake. C．Standing on a moving bus with your feet apart is a good use of triangle. D．When considering the use of triangles, we don’t need to think about any other things . 5．What’s the writer’s purpose for writing the passage? A．To tell people how to use triangles to build things. B．To tell people how triangles are used in daily life. C．To tell people how to protect themselves in an earthquake. D．To tell people what a triangle is like. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了三角形在日常生活和建筑中的重要性，以及在地震中“生命三角”理论的争议。 1．细节理解题。根据“Each of the three sides supports the other two, so a triangle will not change shape unless its sides are broken. A triangle can bear weight and is not easy to change…”可知，三角形因其坚固和稳定性被用于建造重型建筑。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“A triangle can bear weight and is not easy to change…”可知，三角形可以承受重量且不易变形，故“bear”在此处意为“支撑”或“承受”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“They believe that it’s difficult to know where the triangles will be, because things move during earthquakes.”可知，科学家反对“生命三角”理论的原因是地震中物体移动导致难以预测安全空间。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Think about the last time you stood on a moving bus. Did you stand with your feet apart? Then, you just made yourself a triangle!”可知，回想上次站在行驶的公交车上时，你是否双脚分开站立？那样你就为自己创造了一个三角形！故可推测出，双脚分开站立是利用三角形稳定性的实例。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。全文通过桥梁、埃菲尔铁塔、地震避险等例子，说明三角形在日常生活中的广泛应用，因此作者的写作目的是介绍三角形在生活中的用途。故选B。 ①The Lantern Festival is a time for people to light lanterns, set off fireworks, eat yuanxiao and enjoy family time. But do you know how this festival started? ②In the Han Dynasty, there was a man named Dongfang Shuo. He worked for the Emperor Wu of Han, Liu Che. One day, Dongfang met a crying maid (宫女) called Yuanxiao in the emperor’s garden. Yuanxiao told him she was sad because she couldn’t see her family. ③Dongfang promised to help Yuanxiao. He left the garden and went to the street. He told people that a big fire would happen on the 15th day of lunar January. It was the order of Yuhuang Dadi. Word spread quickly and people in the city were scared. ④The emperor heard of it and asked Dongfang for advice. Dongfang advised him to let Yuaxiao make glutinous rice (糯米) balls for Huo Shen to make him happy. He also advised everyone in the city to put up red lanterns and set off fireworks to create an illusion that the city was on fire. Seeing this, Yuhuang Dadi would not set fire. ⑤On the special day, the city was full of people and lanterns. Yuanxiao’s parents met their daughter in the crowd. The city was safe, and the emperor was happy. He ordered that every year on this day, people should make glutinous rice balls and hang lanterns. ⑥From then on, the 15th day of lunar January has been called the Lantern Festival or Yuanxiao Jie. Since Yuanxiao cooked the glutinous rice balls, people call them yuanxiao or tangyuan. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Why did Yuanxiao cry in the emperor’s garden? A．She lost her job. B．She did something wrong. C．She missed her family. D．She was punished by the emperor. 2．The underlined word “illusion” probably means “________” in English. A．true facts B．bad idea C．real danger D．something not real 3．Which of the following is right about the article? A．Dongfang told people there would be a big fire on the fifth day in lunar January. B．The emperor asked Yuanxiao to make glutinous rice balls for Yuhuang Dadi. C．Dongfang asked people to use lanterns and fireworks to fool Yuhuang Dadi. D．Huo Shen ordered people to celebrate the Lantern Festival every year to make him happy. 4．What kind of person was Dongfang Shuo in the story? A．He was very strong and could do magic. B．He only listened to the emperor’s order. C．He was bad and didn’t want others to be happy. D．He was smart and helped people in a clever way. 5．What is the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了元宵节的起源故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Yuanxiao told him she was sad because she couldn’t see her family.”可知，元宵因为思念家人而哭泣。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“He also advised everyone in the city to put up red lanterns and set off fireworks to create an illusion that the city was on fire. Seeing this, Yuhuang Dadi would not set fire.”可知，挂红灯笼、放烟花是为了制造城市着火的假象，据此可以推断此处表示不真实的东西，所以划线单词“illusion” 意为“不真实的事物”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“He also advised everyone in the city to put up red lanterns and set off fireworks to create an illusion that the city was on fire. Seeing this, Yuhuang Dadi would not set fire.”可知，东方朔让人们用灯笼和烟花来欺骗玉皇大帝，C选项正确；A选项中时间应为农历正月十五，不是初五；B选项是东方朔建议皇帝让元宵做糯米球，不是皇帝要求的；D选项是皇帝下令每年庆祝元宵节，不是火神。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章可知，东方朔通过巧妙的办法帮助元宵与家人团聚，还解决了火灾预警的问题，说明他很聪明，用巧妙的方式帮助了人们。故选D。 5．篇章结构题。综合全文可知，文章第①段引出元宵节起源的话题，第②③④⑤段讲述元宵节起源的故事，第⑥段总结元宵节的名称由来，因此本文属于“总分总”结构，选项B的结构图符合。故选B。 In the age of smartphones and social media (社交媒体), many teenagers spend most of their free time on their smartphones and computers. However, reading books still remains one of the most valuable activities for students, especially for ninth-graders. First, reading books improves our language skills. Unlike short messages or social media posts (帖子), books have rich vocabulary and proper sentences. When we read, we learn new words and understand how to use them correctly. This helps us not only in exams but also in daily communication. Second, reading broadens our horizons. Books cover all kinds of topics, such as history, science, and literature. By reading a history book, we can learn about ancient civilizations (文明) without traveling back in time. A science book can explain natural phenomena (现象) that we see in our daily lives. These experiences make us more knowledgeable. Finally, reading helps develop critical thinking (批判思维). When we read a story or an argument, we need to follow the logic (逻辑) and understand the author’s ideas. We may even question some points and form our own opinions. This ability is very important for our studies and future life. In conclusion, reading books is much more than a hobby. It is a key to improving ourselves. Let’s make reading a regular part of our lives. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What do many students spend most of their free time on? A．Their schoolwork. B．Their hobbies. C．Their smartphones and computers. D．Their valuable activities. 2．Why does reading books improve language skills? Because ________. A．it provides short messages B．it has rich vocabulary and proper sentences C．it helps with exam preparation only D．it teaches daily communication directly 3．Which of the following is NOT a benefit (益处) of reading mentioned in the passage? A．Improving language skills. B．Broadening horizons. C．Making more friends online. D．Developing critical thinking. 4．Which is the correct structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Smartphones are bad for teenagers B．Reading books is beneficial for students C．How to choose good books for ninth-graders D．Different types of books for students 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了阅读书籍对学生的益处。 1．细节理解题。根据“In the age of smartphones and social media, many teenagers spend most of their free time on their smartphones and computers.”可知，许多学生把大部分空闲时间花在智能手机和电脑上。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“First, reading books improves our language skills. Unlike short messages or social media posts, books have rich vocabulary and proper sentences.”可知，读书能提高语言技能是因为书籍有丰富的词汇和恰当的句子。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“First, reading books improves our language skills.”，“Second, reading broadens our horizons.”和“Finally, reading helps develop critical thinking (批判思维).”可知，文章分别提到了读书能提高语言技能、拓宽视野、培养批判思维，“在网上交更多朋友”未被提及。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第①段引出读书对学生很有价值的话题，第②、③、④段分别从三个方面阐述读书的益处，第⑤段总结读书的重要性，总体结构为①-②③④-⑤。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了读书对学生的诸多益处。故选B。 ①Do you know pizza is one of the most popular fast foods in the world? In fact, around the world, people eat 14,000,000 pizzas every day! But where did pizza come from and what makes it so popular? Read on to find out. ②Many years ago, the Greeks, Italians, and Persians started putting vegetables, oil, cheese, and other things on the bread. The ingredients (食材) depended on the area, but there was one thing in common: Everyone put the toppings on the bread. This was the early kind of pizza. ③Our modern pizza can go back to the Romans over 2,000 years ago. They put cheese and olive oil on bread. In the 1700s, a pizza with tomato and cheese became popular in Naples, Italy. Later, Italians brought the pizza to America, and then it became a popular food all over the world, with different pizzas from different places. ④Photos of movie stars and famous sports stars with pizza helped it become more and more popular, and that caused competitions. Today, we have the World Pizza Games. There are also all kinds of world records. For example, in 2017, there was a new record for the world’s longest pizza. It was over 1.9 kilometers long! ⑤Today, pizza is popular all over the world, and different places have their own pizzas. So do you like eating or cooking pizza? What kind of pizza is your favourite? 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By asking questions. C．By comparing facts. D．By telling stories. 2．How many pizzas are eaten every day? A．1,700. B．2,000. C．14,000,000. D．2017. 3．Which of the following is NOT a pizza topping? A．Bread. B．Cheese. C．Tomato. D．Oil. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The way of making pizza. B．The place to buy delicious pizza. C．The birth place of pizza. D．The history and popularity of pizza. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了披萨的起源、历史和流行程度。文章从披萨的早期形式讲起，一直谈到现代披萨的多样性和世界各地的披萨文化。 1．细节理解题。根据“Do you know pizza is one of the most popular fast foods in the world? But where did pizza come from and what makes it so popular? Read on to find out.”可知，作者通过提问的方式开始文章。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“In fact, around the world, people eat 14,000,000 pizzas every day!”可知，人们每天吃14,000,000个披萨。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Many years ago, the Greeks, Italians, and Persians started putting vegetables, oil, cheese, and other things on the bread.”以及“They put cheese and olive oil on bread. In the 1700s, a pizza with tomato and cheese became popular in Naples, Italy.”可知，面包是披萨的底，而不是配料，披萨的配料包括蔬菜、油、奶酪和番茄等。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段通过提问引出披萨这一话题，为总述；第二、三段详细介绍了披萨的历史和演变，为分述；第四段讲述了披萨如何变得流行起来，为分述；第五段总结全文，强调披萨在世界各地的受欢迎程度，为总述。因此，文章结构为总分总结构。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“But where did pizza come from and what makes it so popular? Read on to find out.”以及后文对披萨起源和发展的介绍，可知文章主要讲述了披萨的历史以及它是如何变得如此受欢迎的。故选D。 Everyone loves color. It’s the best way to brighten up a room, place, or person. Each color has a meaning or symbolizes something important in different cultures. When it comes to Chinese culture especially, colors have important meanings and stand for different beliefs. There has been the color red since prehistoric (史前的) times. It is said that most of the cave drawings discovered in different parts of the world including China were done in red. Earlier on, China is also said to have used the color red to paint in early pottery (陶器,陶瓷) . Later it was used to paint the walls and gates of the Chinese palaces. Even in the paintings of the emperors, most of them are seen wearing red robes (长袍) . It is not clear as to exactly when red became an official color, much less when it was introduced to China or became an important part of its culture. There are however some myths that try to explain this. The first myth shows that red became a lucky color during the Han Dynasty: It is believed that the first emperor of the Han Dynasty was the son of the Red Emperor. As such, people in that period saw the color red as a symbol of honor and power and decided to honor it. Another myth is that there was a mythical beast called Nian. Nian used to eat people every new year’s eve. But one day people were told that the beast was scared of loud noises and the color red. So, they started hanging red scrolls (卷轴) and lanterns in front of their doors and lighted firecrackers and performed the lion dance. Since then, the beast is said to have disappeared and never returned. This tradition is carried forward to the present day.根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a fact. B．By giving advice. C．By telling a story. D．By giving a report. 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Results of using red. B．Purposes of using red. C．Places where red is used. D．Reasons why red is used. 3．What does the underlined word “myths” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Funny stories. B．True stories. C．Fairy stories. D．Exciting games. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Nian will become kind. B．Red means much wealth. C．Nian will come again. D．Red is considered a lucky color. 5．What is the structure of the passage?（①～⑤for each paragraph） A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文讲述了红色在中国有着重要意义，中国人将其视为幸运色。本文主要介绍了人们对红色的传统认识，并讲述了与红色相关的神话故事。 1．推理判断题。根据文章开头的“Everyone loves color. It’s the best way to brighten up a room.”可推知，本文是以陈述事实开头的。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“the cave drawings discovered in different parts of the world, to have used the color red to paint in early pottery”以及“Later it was used to paint the walls and gates”等信息可知，第二段主要谈及人们使用红色的场合。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。第四段谈及红色成为幸运色是因为汉朝的第一个皇帝，他是赤帝之子；第五段谈及人们用红色驱赶了凶兽“年”，这是在用具有神话色彩的故事解释红色的渊源。故画线词与C项“Fairy stories”神话故事意义相符。故选C。 4．推理判断题。通读最后一段，尤其是结尾句“This tradition is carried forward to the present day. ”可推知,人们认为红色是一种幸运色，因为用其驱赶了神兽“年”。故选D。 5．篇章结构题。第一段给出全文话题，即人们喜欢色彩；第二、三段重点介绍了红色在古代的用途；第四、五段讲述了与红色相关的两个神话故事。所以本文结构为①/②③/④⑤。故选D。 The AI Baby volunteer service team, founded by Sheng Jianzhong from Hangzhou University of Science and Technology, has successfully helped 19 children reconnect with their family by restoring photographs of missing relatives. Sheng was inspired to start the project in 2020 after watching a TV program that showed blurry photos of missing children. Recognizing the challenge caused by unclear photos, he got a group of students together to develop an AI system to restore them. After six months of hard work, the team developed a platform that makes old photos easier to recognize. People can share these improved photos online, print them on clothes, or show them on big posters. These methods increase the chance of a successful reunion. Since its founding, the team has grown from four members to over 30 key members, supported by a group of 300 volunteers. Their services are free and driven by the final goal of reuniting families. The team’s influence goes across the strait, with students from Taiwan joining the effort to help people on the island reconnect with their mainland relatives. Chang Shaolin, a 20-year-old volunteer from Taiwan, said, “I chose to become a volunteer because ________.” Her family reconnected with their mainland relatives using photos which were improved by the platform. Today, her relatives on both sides remain in close touch. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What does the underlined word “blurry” mean in Chinese? A．模糊的 B．抽象的 C．具体的 D．良好的 2．How can people deal with the improved photos for a successful reunion? ①Share them online.        ②Print them on clothes. ③Sell them on the platform.        ④Show them on big posters. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 3．What can we know about the volunteer service team? A．It has four key members. B．The members restore photos for free. C．The members are from the same university. D．Its goal is to develop an AI system. 4．Which of the following can be put in the “________”? A．I want to learn more about AI technology B．I want to visit my relatives on the mainland C．I want more people to join this service team D．I want more people to find their roots just like I did 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Volunteers use AI to help reunite families. B．A group of college students like to collect old photos. C．A team call on people to care about kids without relatives. D．Some people in Taiwan try to find relatives on the mainland. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了某团队研发AI修复模糊照片，助失散家庭重逢，影响深远。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Recognizing the challenge caused by unclear photos”可知，修复照片是因为照片不清楚，所以“blurry”意思是“模糊的”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“People can share these improved photos online, print them on clothes, or show them on big posters.”可知，人们可以将修复的照片在网上分享、印在衣服上或者展示在大海报上，而“在平台上出售它们”未提及。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Since its founding, the team has grown from four members to over 30 key members”和“Their services are free and driven by the final goal of reuniting families.”可知，现在有30名核心成员，不是4名。成员免费为人们修复照片，团队的最终目标是让家庭团聚。文中未提及成员来自同一所大学。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Her family reconnected with their mainland relatives using photos which were improved by the platform.”可知，常绍林的家人通过平台修复的照片与大陆亲属取得了联系，所以推测她选择成为志愿者是因为想让更多的人像她一样找到自己的根。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了志愿者服务团队利用AI修复照片，帮助人们与失散的亲人团聚。故选A。 Every year, all the schools in China carry out fire drills (消防演练). When the drill starts, you’ll usually hear a loud alarm bell. Teachers will guide you to line up quickly. You need to cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth (if you have one) and walk down the stairs (楼梯) calmly. The goal of these drills is to make students pay more attention to fire safety. They also help you remember what to do if a real fire happens, so you won’t feel scared. Fire drills are a common practice for keeping everyone safe when escaping from a fire in a building. A fire extinguisher is a metal container with water or chemicals (化学药剂) inside for putting out small fires. Do you know how to use the fire extinguisher (灭火器)? Here are some steps. • Find an extinguisher that is close to you. • Shake it after picking up the extinguisher. • Pull off the safety pin (保险栓) quickly. • Point the tube (软管) at the root of the fire. • Press down on the handle (把手) until you put out the fire. Notice: When using the fire extinguisher, please be careful enough not to get hurt. Never get too close to the fire. Also, remember that fire extinguishers only work for small fires. If the fire is big and spreads fast, run away immediately and call 119 for help. Fire safety is everyone’s job, and these small steps can keep us all safe. 根据短文，选择最佳答案。 1．What is the main goal of carrying out fire drills in Chinese schools? A．To let students have fun during school time. B．To help students know the school’s stairs well. C．To make students pay more attention to fire safety and know what to do. D．To show how well the school’s fire extinguishers work. 2．Which of the following is NOT a part of a fire extinguisher? A．A safety pin. B．A tube. C．A handle. D．A bell. 3．What’s in a fire extinguisher? A．Oil or chemicals. B．Water or sand. C．Water or chemicals. D．Sand or oil. 4．How many steps are talked about for using the fire extinguisher? A．Seven. B．Six. C．Five. D．Four. 5．According to the passage, what will you do first after getting the fire extinguisher? A．Find it. B．Shake it. C．Pull off the safety pin. D．Press down on the handle. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了中国学校每年开展消防演练的目的，并详细说明了灭火器的使用方法及注意事项。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The goal of these drills is to make students pay more attention to fire safety.”可知，消防演练的目的是让学生更关注消防安全。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Pull off the safety pin (保险栓) quickly. • Point the tube (软管) at the root of the fire. • Press down on the handle (把手) until you put out the fire.”可知，灭火器包含保险栓(safety pin)、喷管(tube)和把手(handle)，文中并未提及铃(bell)。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“A fire extinguisher is a metal container with water or chemicals”可知，灭火器内装的是水或化学物质。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Find an extinguisher that is close to you ... Press down on the handle until you put out the fire.”可知，文中列举了使用灭火器的5个步骤：找到灭火器、摇晃、拔掉安全销、对准火源根部、按压把手。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据步骤“Shake it after picking up the extinguisher. ”可知，拿到灭火器后应先摇晃。故选B。 ①Water is important for all living things on Earth. The water cycle (水循环) is a natural process that takes water from the ground and the sky and brings it back to Earth again. It is a cycle that happens all year round and is the most active from June to August in China. Now, let’s learn about the water cycle and discuss its importance. ②The water cycle always begins with water vapour (水蒸气). When it’s hot outside, you can see clouds forming in the sky. These clouds are made of water vapour that comes from the ground, plants and rivers. As water vapour rises into the sky, it cools down and becomes clouds. After that, clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow. Then, water runs through rivers and oceans and finally returns to Earth again in different forms. ③The water cycle is important in protecting our Earth’s climate (气候) . It provides us with water to drink and keeps our climate healthy. Additionally, it takes water from rivers and oceans and brings it to the areas that don’t have enough water. Without the water cycle, we would face many problems. When there is too much water in one place, it leads to a flood. When there is a severe shortage of water, it leads to a drought. Moreover, water vapour can take heat from the sun and keep our Earth cool. The water cycle is a natural process that keeps our Earth alive. It’s important for plants and animals to drink water and for our rivers to stay flowing with water. ④Understanding the water cycle can help us enjoy the beauty of nature, know how our Earth works and find better ways to protect our Earth, and that is our duty. 根据短文内容，选择恰当的答案。 1．Which season has the most active water cycle in China? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter. 2．Which is the right order of the water cycle according to the passage? a. Water returns to the ground.     b. Rain or snow falls down. c. Water vapour rises up.     d. Clouds are formed in the sky. A．c-b-d-a B．c-d-b-a C．d-c-b-a D．d-b-c-a 3．Why is the water cycle important? A．Because it brings people warm weather. B．Because it cleans the air and the ground. C．Because it makes the climate healthy. D．Because it shows the beauty of nature. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? (①-paragraph 1, ②-paragraph 2, ...) A． B． C． D． 5．The passage probably comes from the _________ column (栏目) of a magazine. A．science B．travel C．animal D．sports 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了水循环的过程及其重要性，强调了水循环对地球气候、动植物生存以及人类生活的关键作用，同时呼吁人们理解水循环以更好地保护地球。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It is a cycle that happens all year round and is the most active from June to August in China.”可知，水循环在中国夏季最为活跃。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The water cycle always begins with water vapour... As water vapour rises into the sky, it cools down and becomes clouds... clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow... Then, water runs through rivers and oceans and finally returns to Earth again in different forms.”可知，水循环的正确顺序是：水蒸气上升（c），天空中形成云（d），雨或雪落下（b），水返回地面（a）。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The water cycle is important in protecting our Earth’s climate. It provides us with water to drink and keeps our climate healthy.”可知，水循环对保护地球气候很重要，它为我们提供饮用水并保持气候健康。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段介绍了水循环的定义和重要性；第二、三段详细描述了水循环的过程及其重要性；第四段总结了理解水循环的意义。因此，文章的结构是①/②③/④。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了水循环的过程及其重要性，这是一篇关于自然科学的文章，因此可能来自杂志的科学栏目。故选A。 When we touch something with our fingers, we can feel how warm or cold it is. However, most wearers of prosthetic hands (假肢) can’t feel it. To change that, a group of scientists in Switzerland have developed the “MiniTouch”. The MiniTouch can be easily paired with a prosthetic hand. The wearer of the hand can then use it. Firstly, it collects thermal (热的) information from a finger of the hand. The information is then sent to the nerves (神经) that were once connected to the missing hand. This can help the wearer to sense temperature in daily life. Fabrizio was the first to try out the MiniTouch. The Italian man is 57 years old. He lost his right hand 37 years ago. For one test, the team prepared three similar bottles. They were filled with cold (12℃), cool (24℃) or hot water (40℃). With the help of the MiniTouch, Fabrizio could quickly tell the difference and didn’t make any mistakes. Without it, he only got 33% right. In another test, he sorted (分类) steel blocks according to their temperatures. The MiniTouch helped him to get 75% right. The scientists’ next step is to improve their device (装置；设备). They want it to be able to sense touch as well. In this way, it will tell the user “this is soft and hot” or “this is hard and cold”. Another goal is to make the MiniTouch able to collect thermal information from four other fingers. “It’s all about giving the wearer a richer, more natural sense of the world,” said Micera, one of the scientists. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Why do the scientists develop the MiniTouch? A．To touch something. B．To feel the temperature. C．To help the disabled. D．To change prosthetic hands. 2．How does the MiniTouch work? ①The wearer senses the temperature. ②The MiniTouch collects information. ③The disabled person wears the Mini Touch. ④The index finger (食指) sends information. A．②③④① B．②①③④ C．③①②④ D．③②④① 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．His right hand. B．Cold water. C．The MiniTouch. D．The temperature. 4．What do we know about Fabrizio? A．Fabrizio comes from Switzerland. B．He had two tests about the MiniTouch. C．He lost his hands at the age of 20. D．He could sort steel blocks by himself. 5．What is the goal of the future MiniTouch? A．To help the wearers to have more money. B．To use five fingers to collect information. C．To tell the sense of sight by using it. D．To offer the users a richer sense of the world. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了瑞士科学家研发的“MiniTouch”假肢装置，该装置能让假肢佩戴者感知温度，并通过实验展示了其效果，同时展望了未来的改进方向。 1．细节理解题。根据文章“However, most wearers of prosthetic hands… have developed the ‘MiniTouch’.”及后文描述其功能可知，科学家研发“MiniTouch”是为了让假肢使用者能感知温度。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章“Firstly, it collects thermal information from a finger...sent to the nerves...help the wearer to sense temperature”（首先，它从手指收集热量信息……传递到神经……帮助佩戴者感知温度）可知工作顺序为：③残疾人戴上MiniTouch→②MiniTouch收集信息→④食指发送信息→①佩戴者感知温度。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章“With the help of the MiniTouch, Fabrizio could quickly tell the difference and didn’t make any mistakes. Without it, he only got 33% right”（在MiniTouch的帮助下，法布里齐奥能很快区分出来，而且没有出错。没有它，他只有33%的正确率）可知“it”指代MiniTouch。故选C。     4．细节理解题。根据文章“Fabrizio was the first to try out the MiniTouch...For one test...In another test”（Fabrizio是首位测试者……第一次测试……另一次测试）可知他参与了两项测试。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据文章“It’s all about giving the wearer a richer, more natural sense of the world”（目标是让佩戴者对世界有更丰富、自然的感知）可知未来MiniTouch的目标是提供更全面的感知体验。故选D。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $