Unit 3 Growing Up（词汇讲练）-2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固（人教版2024）

2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固(人教版2024) Unit 3 Growing Up词汇讲练 目录 第一部分 单元词汇背默锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 核心词汇讲练用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 词汇强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 单元词汇清单 Unit 3 单元词汇背诵清单 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 deal with处理；对付 emotion n.情感；情绪 upset adj.难过的；沮丧的 lonely adj.孤独的；寂寞的 shocked adj.震惊的 alone adv.独自；单独 control v.&n.控制 anger n.怒火 advise v.建议；劝告 hurtful adj.伤感情的 in future今后；从今以后 forgive v. (forgave, forgiven)原谅；忽怒 fault n.过错；责任 clear the air尽释前嫌 present n礼物 standard n标准；水平；adj.标准的 award n.奖；奖品 get across 解释清楚；传达 clearly adv.清楚地 pressure n.压力 purpose n.目的；意图 on purpose故意；有意地 reduce by half减少一半 apologize (=apologise)v.道歉 put oneself in sb's shoes设身地处于某人的境地 shut v.(shut,shut)关闭；合上：住嘴 shut sth/sb away把……关（藏）起来；隔离 lastly adv.最后 plenty pron.充足；丰富；大量 plenty of充足；大量 feel blue感到忧郁的 on top of the world欢天喜地 all smile笑容满面 low adj.沮丧的；低的 in low spirits情绪低落；精神不振 ring v.(rang, rung)发出铃声 enter v.进入 dare v.&modalv.敢于 everybody pron.每人；所有人 let down使失望 be hard on对……苛刻或过分严厉 player n.运动员；选手 referee n.裁判 take back撤回；收回 decision n.决定 kick oneself(因干了蠢事等)自责或懊恼 look on the bright side从好的方面想；抱乐观态度 score n.得分；比分 proud adj.骄傲的；自豪的 proud of为……感到骄傲 coach n.教练 as well也；又 bit n.有点儿；稍微 a bit有点儿；稍微 repeat v.重复 pull together齐心协力；通力合作 though conj.虽然；尽管 even though 即使；虽然 solution n.解决办法；解决 joyful adj.高兴的；令人愉快的 thankful adj.感谢的；感激的 negative adj.否定的；消极的 bully v.霸凌；恐吓 n.恶霸 shout at sb冲某人喊叫 from time to time不时；偶尔 behave v.表现；举止得体 differently adv.不同地 physics n.物理；物理学 awake adj.醒着的 normal adj.正常的；普通的 mad adj.发狂的；疯的 mean adj.刻薄的；吝啬的 deep adj.深的；有……深的 take a deep breath深呼吸 pass away去世(委婉说法) anybody pron.任何人 remain v.继续存在；保持不变 not only ...but also ..…不但……而且…… Unit 3 单元词汇默写清单 ____________处理；对付 ____________n.情感；情绪 ____________ adj.难过的；沮丧的 ____________ adj.孤独的；寂寞的 ____________ adj.震惊的 ____________ adv.独自；单独 ____________ v.&n.控制 ____________n.怒火 ____________v.建议；劝告 ____________ adj.伤感情的 ____________今后；从今以后 ____________v. (____________, ____________)原谅；忽怒 ____________n.过错；责任 ____________尽释前嫌 ____________ n礼物 ____________n标准；水平；adj.标准的 ____________n.奖；奖品 ____________解释清楚；传达 ____________adv.清楚地 ____________ n.压力 ____________n.目的；意图 ____________故意；有意地 ____________减少一半 ____________(=____________)v.道歉 ____________设身地处于某人的境地 ____________ v.(____________, ____________)关闭；合上：住嘴 ____________把……关（藏）起来；隔离 ____________adv.最后 ____________pron.充足；丰富；大量 ____________充足；大量 ____________感到忧郁的 ____________欢天喜地 ____________笑容满面 ____________adj.沮丧的；低的 ____________情绪低落；精神不振 ____________v.(____________, ____________)发出铃声 ____________ v.进入 ____________v.&modalv.敢于 ____________ pron.每人；所有人 ____________使失望 ____________对……苛刻或过分严厉 ____________n.运动员；选手 ____________ n.裁判 ____________撤回；收回 ____________ n.决定 ____________(因干了蠢事等)自责或懊恼 ____________从好的方面想；抱乐观态度 ____________ n.得分；比分 ____________adj.骄傲的；自豪的 ____________为……感到骄傲 ____________n.教练 ____________也；又 ____________n.有点儿；稍微 ____________有点儿；稍微 ____________v.重复 ____________齐心协力；通力合作 ____________conj.虽然；尽管 ____________即使；虽然 ____________ n.解决办法；解决 ____________ adj.高兴的；令人愉快的 ____________ adj.感谢的；感激的 ____________ adj.否定的；消极的 ____________v.霸凌；恐吓 n.恶霸 ____________冲某人喊叫 ____________不时；偶尔 ____________ v.表现；举止得体 ____________adv.不同地 ____________n.物理；物理学 ____________ adj.醒着的 ____________adj.正常的；普通的 ____________adj.发狂的；疯的 ____________ adj.刻薄的；吝啬的 ____________ adj.深的；有……深的 ____________深呼吸 ____________去世(委婉说法) ____________ pron.任何人 ____________ v.继续存在；保持不变 ____________不但……而且…… ◇Part 02 核心词汇讲练 1. deal with 处理；对付 【搭配积累】deal with a problem（处理问题）、deal with pressure（应对压力）、deal with people（与人打交道） 【用法示例】 We need to find a proper way to deal with this difficult situation.（我们需要找到合适的方法来处理这个棘手的情况。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.We have to ______ the waste before it pollutes the environment. ① deal with ② do with ③ take with ④ get with 2.She is good at ______ different kinds of people in her work. ① dealing with ② dealing to ③ doing with ④ doing to 3.The teacher gave us some advice on how to ______ stress in daily life. ① make with ② deal with ③ put up with ④ come up with （二）单句填空（用所给短语适当形式填空） 4.He ______ (deal with) the complaint carefully when he was the manager. 5.My mother always tells me that ______ (deal with) mistakes bravely is a sign of growth. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.我们应该学会冷静地处理生活中的困难。 We should learn to ______ difficulties in life calmly. 7.这个新系统能帮助我们更高效地处理数据。 The new system can help us ______ data more efficiently. 2. emotion n. 情感；情绪 【搭配积累】express emotion（表达情感）、strong emotion（强烈的情绪）、mixed emotions（复杂的情绪）、control one's emotions（控制情绪） 【用法示例】 Her poems are full of deep emotion.（她的诗歌充满了深沉的情感。） He couldn't hide his emotions when he heard the good news.（听到这个好消息时，他无法掩饰自己的情绪。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Music can help people release their hidden ______. ① emotions ② emoticons ③ feelings ④ spirits 2.She showed no ______ when she heard the bad news, which surprised us all. ① emotion ② emotional ③ emotionally ④ emotive 3.It's important for children to learn to manage their ______ from an early age. ① emotion ② emotions ③ feeling ④ sense （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He spoke with great ______ (emotion) about his experience in the disaster. 5.The film is designed to arouse people's ______ (emotion) and make them think. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.她善于用绘画表达自己的情感。 She is good at expressing her ______ through painting. 7.面对困难时，我们应该保持积极的情绪。 We should keep positive ______ when facing difficulties. 3. upset adj. 难过的；沮丧的 【搭配积累】be upset about sth.（因某事而难过）、be upset with sb.（对某人心烦）、upset sb.（使某人难过） 【用法示例】 She was upset about missing the important meeting.（她因错过了重要会议而感到难过。） His rude words upset his mother.（他粗鲁的话让他妈妈很伤心。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.She was ______ when she found her favorite book was lost. ① upset ② lonely ③ shocked ④ proud 2.Don't be ______ with him; he didn't do it on purpose. ① upset ② angry ③ mad ④ annoyed 3.The bad news ______ all of us, and we were in low spirits. ① upset ② upsetting ③ upsets ④ to upset （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He looked ______ (upset) because he failed the exam again. 5.It ______ (upset) me to see her crying alone in the corner. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他因没能按时回家而感到沮丧。 He was ______ about not being able to go home on time. 7.不要说那样的话，会让她难过的。 Don't say such words; they will ______ her. 4. lonely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的 【搭配积累】feel lonely（感到孤独）、a lonely house（一座偏僻的房子）、lonely life（孤独的生活） 【用法示例】 He lives alone but never feels lonely.（他独自居住，但从不感到孤独。） There is a lonely road leading to the village.（有一条偏僻的路通往那个村庄。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.After his wife passed away, he felt ______ and often stayed at home alone. ① lonely ② alone ③ upset ④ shocked 2.The old man lives in a ______ village in the mountains. ① lonely ② alone ③ lone ④ lonesome 3.She doesn't like being ______ at home, for she will feel ______. ① alone; lonely ② lonely; alone ③ alone; alone ④ lonely; lonely （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The little girl felt ______ (lonely) when her parents went to work. 5.He has been living in a ______ (lonely) island for two years. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他虽然有很多朋友，但有时还是会感到孤独。 Although he has many friends, he still feels ______ sometimes. 7.那座孤独的城堡矗立在山顶上。 That ______ castle stands on the top of the mountain. 5. shocked adj. 震惊的 【搭配积累】be shocked at/by sth.（因某事而震惊）、be shocked to do sth.（惊讶地做某事）、a shocked expression（震惊的表情） 【用法示例】 I was shocked by the sudden accident on the road.（我被路上突然发生的事故惊呆了。） She was shocked to hear that her friend had passed away.（听到朋友去世的消息，她感到震惊。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.All of us were ______ when we heard the news of his success. ① shocked ② surprising ③ excited ④ interested 2.She had a ______ look on her face when she saw the strange animal. ① shocked ② shocking ③ shock ④ shocks 3.I'm ______ that he could finish such a difficult task in one day. ① shocked ② shocking ③ shock ④ to shock （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.They were ______ (shock) to learn that their team had lost the game. 5.The ______ (shock) news made everyone in the room quiet. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.听到这个令人震惊的消息，他感到非常震惊。 He was very ______ when he heard the ______ news. 7.我们对他的决定感到震惊。 We are ______ at his decision. 6. alone adv. 独自；单独 【搭配积累】live alone（独自居住）、go alone（独自前往）、leave sb. alone（别打扰某人）、be alone（独自一人） 【用法示例】 She likes to walk alone in the park after dinner.（她喜欢晚饭后独自在公园散步。） He was alone in the room when I arrived.（我到的时候，他一个人在房间里。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He decided to travel ______ to enjoy the peace and quiet. ① alone ② lonely ③ lone ④ lonesome 2.Please leave me ______; I need some time to think. ① alone ② lonely ③ along ④ aloud 3.Though she was ______ at home, she didn't feel ______. ① alone; lonely ② lonely; alone ③ alone; alone ④ lonely; lonely （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The old man lives ______ (alone) in the countryside, but he has many friends nearby. 5.She doesn't dare to go out ______ (alone) at night. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他独自完成了这项工作。 He finished the work ______. 7.别打扰他，让他一个人待着。 Don't disturb him; leave him ______. 7. control v.&n. 控制 【搭配积累】control one's temper（控制脾气）、control the situation（控制局面）、take control of（掌控）、under control（处于控制之下） 【用法示例】 She tried hard to control her tears when she heard the sad news.（听到这个坏消息时，她努力控制住自己的眼泪。） The teacher has good control over the class.（这位老师能很好地管理班级。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The police quickly took ______ control of the crowded area. ① / ② a ③ an ④ the 2.He couldn't ______ his anger when he saw the unfair treatment. ① control ② manage ③ handle ④ deal 3.We must keep the situation ______ control to avoid more problems. ① under ② in ③ on ④ with （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He has no ______ (control) over his own time because of his busy work. 5.The machine is ______ (control) by a computer, so it runs very smoothly. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.她努力控制自己的情绪，不想让别人担心。 She tried hard to ______ her emotions and didn't want others to worry. 7.父母应该学会掌控自己的脾气，给孩子树立好榜样。 Parents should learn to ______ their tempers and set a good example for their children. 8. anger n. 怒火 【搭配积累】feel anger（感到愤怒）、hold back anger（抑制怒火）、anger sb.（激怒某人）、in anger（愤怒地） 【用法示例】 His words filled her with anger.（他的话让她满腔怒火。）It angers me that he always lies to me.（他总是对我撒谎，这让我很生气。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.She couldn't hide her ______ when she found out the truth. ① anger ② angry ③ angrily ④ angered 2.His rude behavior ______ everyone present at the meeting. ① angered ② annoyed ③ bothered ④ upset 3.He slammed the door ______ anger and left the room. ① in ② with ③ on ④ by （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.She tried her best to hold back her ______ (anger) when facing his mistakes. 5.It ______ (anger) him that no one believed his words. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他抑制住怒火，平静地解决了问题。 He held back his ______ and solved the problem calmly. 7.她的话激怒了他，他转身就走了。 Her words ______ him, and he turned around and left. 9. advise v. 建议；劝告 【搭配积累】advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事）、advise doing sth.（建议做某事）、advise sb. against doing sth.（劝告某人不要做某事）、give advice（提建议，advice 为名词） 【用法示例】 The doctor advised me to exercise more every day.（医生建议我每天多锻炼。） I advise waiting for a few more minutes.（我建议再等几分钟。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.My teacher advised me ______ a foreign language to improve myself. ① to learn ② learning ③ learn ④ learned 2.We advise ______ early to avoid traffic jams on the way. ① leave ② leaving ③ to leave ④ left 3.He gave me some useful ______ on how to study English well. ① advise ② advice ③ advices ④ advising （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The teacher advised us ______ (not stay) up late before the exam. 5.She ______ (advise) him to see a doctor as soon as possible yesterday. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.我建议他先完成作业再去玩。 I advised him ______ his homework first before going out to play. 7.医生劝告她不要吃太多甜食。 The doctor advised her ______ too much sweet food. 10. forgive v. (forgave, forgiven)原谅；宽恕 【搭配积累】forgive sb. for sth.（因某事原谅某人）、forgive sb. for doing sth.（原谅某人做了某事）、forgive oneself（原谅自己） 【用法示例】 She finally forgave him for his mistake.（她最终原谅了他的过错。） It's hard to forgive someone who has hurt you deeply.（原谅一个深深伤害过你的人很难。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He begged her to ______ him for his carelessness. ① forgive ② forget ③ excuse ④ pardon 2.She has ______ him for what he did to her last year. ① forgive ② forgave ③ forgiven ④ forgiving 3.We should learn to ______ others' mistakes and be kind. ① forgive ② remember ③ remind ④ regret （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He ______ (forgive) his friend for breaking his promise yesterday. 5.Will you ever ______ (forgive) me for my foolish behavior? （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.她原谅了他迟到的行为。 She forgave him ______ late. 7.我永远不会原谅他对我撒谎。 I will never forgive him ______ to me. 11. present n. 礼物；adj. 标准的；v. 颁发；呈现 【搭配积累】a birthday present（生日礼物）、present standards（标准）、present a prize（颁发奖品）、at present（目前） 【用法示例】 She received a beautiful present from her parents on her birthday.（她生日那天收到了父母送的精美礼物。） The teacher presented the certificate to the top student.（老师把证书颁发给了优等生。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He gave me a small ______ to thank me for my help. ① present ② gift ③ reward ④ prize 2.______ standards require us to finish the task on time. ① Present ② Past ③ Future ④ Ancient 3.The manager will ______ the new plan at the meeting tomorrow. ① present ② show ③ display ④ exhibit （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.She bought a wonderful ______ (present) for her best friend. 5.The headmaster ______ (present) medals to the winning students yesterday. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.这是我给你的礼物，希望你喜欢。 This is my ______ for you. I hope you like it. 7.他将在会议上呈现他的研究成果。 He will ______ his research results at the meeting. 12. standard n. 标准；水平；adj. 标准的 【搭配积累】meet the standard（达到标准）、high standard（高标准）、standard size（标准尺寸）、improve one's standard（提高水平） 【用法示例】 This product meets the international standard.（该产品符合国际标准。） We need to improve our English standard.（我们需要提高英语水平。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Our school has very high ______ for student behavior. ① standards ② levels ③ rules ④ regulations 2.This is a ______ model of the new car, which is used for display. ① standard ② normal ③ common ④ usual 3.She worked hard to meet the ______ set by her teacher. ① standard ② level ③ goal ④ target （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The company has strict ______ (standard) for product quality. 5.This machine is made according to ______ (standard) specifications. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他的工作水平达到了公司的标准。 His work level meets the company's ______. 7.我们应该努力提高生活质量的标准。 We should try to improve the ______ of living quality. 13. purpose n. 目的；意图 【搭配积累】for the purpose of（为了……目的）、with a purpose（有目的的）、achieve one's purpose（实现目的）、the purpose of doing sth.（做某事的目的） 【用法示例】 He came here with the purpose of learning English.（他来这里的目的是学习英语。） Her main purpose is to help the poor.（她的主要目的是帮助穷人。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.What is the main ______ of this meeting? ① purpose ② goal ③ aim ④ target 2.She did it on purpose, not by accident. The underlined part means ______. ① intentionally ② carelessly ③ suddenly ④ quietly 3.We should always keep our ______ in mind when working. ① purpose ② plan ③ idea ④ thought （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He has a clear ______ (purpose) in life, which guides him forward. 5.The program was designed for the ______ (purpose) of helping children in poor areas. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他这次旅行的目的是参观历史遗迹。 The ______ of his trip is to visit historical relics. 7.我们必须明确做事的目的，才能提高效率。 We must make clear the ______ of doing things to improve efficiency. 14. reduce by half 减少一半 【搭配积累】reduce the cost by half（成本减少一半）、reduce the time by half（时间缩短一半）、reduce the number by half（数量减少一半） 【用法示例】 We managed to reduce the production cost by half.（我们成功将生产成本减少了一半。） The number of students in this class has been reduced by half.（这个班的学生人数减少了一半。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The factory ______ the waste by half to protect the environment. ① reduced ② decreased ③ cut ④ lowered 2.If we ______ the expenses by half, we can save a lot of money. ① reduce ② increase ③ raise ④ lift 3.The price of this product has been ______ by half since last month. ① reduced ② dropped ③ fallen ④ gone down （二）单句填空（用所给短语适当形式填空） 4.The company ______ (reduce by half) the working hours for its employees last year. 5.The water consumption ______ (reduce by half) if we use water-saving devices. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.通过这种方法，我们可以将错误率减少一半。 With this method, we can ______ the error rate ______. 7.这家餐厅将菜品价格减少了一半以吸引顾客。 The restaurant ______ the price of dishes ______ to attract customers. 15. apologize (=apologise) v. 道歉 【搭配积累】apologize to sb.（向某人道歉）、apologize for sth.（因某事道歉）、apologize for doing sth.（因做某事道歉）、make an apology（道歉，apology 为名词） 【用法示例】 He apologized to his teacher for being late.（他因迟到向老师道歉。） She refused to apologize for her mistake.（她拒绝为自己的错误道歉。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.You should ______ to her for your rude words. ① apologize ② excuse ③ forgive ④ pardon 2.He made an ______ to me for breaking my cup. ① apology ② apologize ③ apologise ④ apologetic 3.She apologized ______ keeping us waiting for a long time. ① for ② to ③ with ④ about （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He ______ (apologize) to his parents for his bad behavior yesterday. 5.You need ______ (apologize) to her immediately if you want her to forgive you. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他向我道歉，因为他弄丢了我的书。 He ______ to me for losing my book. 7.你应该为你的粗心向团队道歉。 You should ______ to the team for your carelessness. 16. shut v. (shut, shut)关闭；合上；住嘴 【搭配积累】shut the door（关门）、shut the window（关窗）、shut up（住嘴，口语）、shut down（关闭，尤指工厂、机器） 【用法示例】 Please shut the door when you leave.（离开时请关门。） He told her to shut up and listen.（他让她住嘴听着。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.She ______ the window to keep out the cold wind. ① shut ② closed ③ opened ④ turned off 2.The factory was ______ down because of environmental problems. ① shut ② closed ③ stopped ④ ended 3.Shut ______! The teacher is coming. ① up ② down ③ in ④ out （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He ______ (shut) the box and put it away carefully. 5.The door ______ (shut) automatically when you leave the room. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.请关上灯，我们要睡觉了。 Please ______ the lights; we are going to sleep. 7.他生气地合上了书，离开了房间。 He ______ the book angrily and left the room. 17. plenty of 充足；大量 【搭配积累】plenty of time（大量时间，不可数）、plenty of books（很多书，可数）、plenty of food（充足的食物，不可数） 【用法示例】 We have plenty of time to finish the task.（我们有充足的时间完成任务。） There are plenty of apples in the basket.（篮子里有很多苹果。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.There is ______ water in the bottle, so we don't need to buy more. ① plenty of ② a lot ③ many ④ a few 2.She has ______ friends in Beijing, so she never feels lonely. ① plenty of ② much ③ a little ④ a bit of 3.We don't have ______ time left; we must hurry up.（否定句，替换 plenty of） ① enough ② plenty of ③ many ④ much （二）单句填空（用所给短语适当形式填空） 4.There are ______ (plenty of) flowers in the garden in spring. 5.He spent ______ (plenty of) money on books last year. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.冰箱里有充足的食物，我们可以吃几天。 There is ______ food in the fridge; we can eat for several days. 7.他有很多爱好，比如画画和唱歌。 He has ______ hobbies, such as drawing and singing. 18. low adj. 沮丧的；低的 【搭配积累】low mood（情绪低落）、low price（低价）、low temperature（低温）、feel low（感到沮丧） 【用法示例】 She has been feeling low since she failed the exam.（自从考试失利后，她一直情绪低落。） The price of this product is very low.（这款产品的价格很低。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He has a ______ opinion of himself, which makes him very shy. ① low ② high ③ poor ④ bad 2.The temperature is very ______ today, so you'd better wear more clothes. ① low ② high ③ cold ④ cool 3.She felt ______ because her best friend moved to another city. ① low ② sad ③ upset ④ lonely （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.His spirits were ______ (low) after he lost the competition. 5.The river is ______ (low) than usual in dry season. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他因为失业而情绪低落。 He felt ______ because he lost his job. 7.这家商店以低价出售商品。 This shop sells goods at a ______ price. 19. dare v.&modal v. 敢于 【搭配积累】dare not do sth.（不敢做某事，情态动词）、dare to do sth.（敢于做某事，实义动词）、How dare you...（你竟敢……，情态动词） 【用法示例】 He dare not go out alone at night.（他晚上不敢独自外出。）She dares to speak in front of a large crowd.（她敢于在众人面前发言。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He ______ not tell his parents the truth. ① dare ② dares ③ dared ④ daring 2.She doesn't ______ to ask the teacher for help. ① dare ② dares ③ dared ④ daring 3.How ______ you say such rude words to her? ① dare ② dares ③ dared ④ daring （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He ______ (dare) not go near the dog because he is afraid of it. 5.She ______ (dare) to challenge the difficulty when she was young. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他不敢在课堂上回答问题。 He ______ not answer questions in class. 7.她敢于追求自己的梦想。 She ______ to pursue her own dreams. 20. decision n. 决定 【搭配积累】make a decision（做决定）、reach a decision（做出决定）、change one's decision（改变决定）、the decision to do sth.（做某事的决定） 【用法示例】 She made a decision to study abroad.（她决定出国留学。） The committee reached a decision after a long discussion.（委员会经过长时间讨论做出了决定。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He made a ______ to quit his job and start his own business. ① decision ② plan ③ idea ④ thought 2.We need to reach a ______ before the meeting ends. ① decision ② agreement ③ conclusion ④ result 3.Her ______ to move to Paris surprised all of us. ① decision ② choice ③ selection ④ option （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He finally made a ______ (decision) after thinking for a whole night. 5.The manager's ______ (decision) influenced the development of the company. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.我还没有做出决定，需要再考虑一下。 I haven't made a ______ yet; I need to think again. 7.他改变了决定，决定留在国内上大学。 He changed his ______ and decided to go to college in China. 21. proud adj. 骄傲的；自豪的 【搭配积累】be proud of（为……感到自豪）、be proud to do sth.（自豪地做某事）、a proud moment（自豪的时刻）、proud of oneself（自满） 【用法示例】 I am proud of my son's achievements.（我为儿子的成就感到自豪。） She is proud to be a volunteer.（她为成为一名志愿者而自豪。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Her parents are very ______ of her because she won the competition. ① proud ② pleased ③ happy ④ glad 2.He is too ______ to listen to others' advice.（贬义） ① proud ② arrogant ③ modest ④ humble 3.She is ______ to represent her school in the national competition. ① proud ② honored ③ lucky ④ fortunate （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.We are ______ (proud) of our country's rapid development. 5.It was a ______ (proud) moment for her when she received the award. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.我为自己是中国人而感到自豪。 I am ______ of being a Chinese. 7.她为女儿的进步感到骄傲。 She is ______ of her daughter's progress. 22. as well 也；又 【搭配积累】用于肯定句末，补充说明某人或某事也具备某种情况。 【用法示例】 I like English, and I like math as well.（我喜欢英语，也喜欢数学。） She can play the piano as well.（她也会弹钢琴。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He likes playing basketball, and he likes swimming ______. ① as well ② too ③ also ④ either 2.She can speak French, and she can speak German ______. ① as well ② also ③ besides ④ except 3.I will go to the party, and my sister will go ______. ① as well ② too ③ also ④ neither （二）单句填空（用所给短语适当形式填空） 4.He is good at playing the guitar, and he can sing ______ (as well). 5.She bought a book for herself, and she bought one for me ______ (as well). （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.我也要去超市，我们一起吧。 I will go to the supermarket ______; let's go together. 7.他会画画，也会书法。 He can draw, and he can do calligraphy ______. 23. repeat v. 重复 【搭配积累】repeat a word（重复一个词）、repeat an action（重复一个动作）、repeat oneself（重复自己的话）、repeat the mistake（重蹈覆辙） 【用法示例】 Please repeat what you said just now.（请重复一下你刚才说的话。）History should not repeat itself.（历史不应重蹈覆辙。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Could you ______ the question? I didn't hear it clearly. ① repeat ② say ③ tell ④ speak 2.He always ______ his mistakes, which makes his teacher angry. ① repeats ② makes ③ does ④ commits 3.She asked me to ______ the instructions carefully. ① repeat ② read ③ follow ④ obey （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The teacher ______ (repeat) the key points several times to make sure we understood. 5.He is always ______ (repeat) the same story to everyone he meets. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.请不要重复我说的话。 Please don't ______ what I said. 7.他重复了一遍答案，让大家都能听见。 He ______ the answer so that everyone could hear it. 24. though conj. 虽然；尽管 【搭配积累】though 引导的从句可置于句首或句末；as though（好像、仿佛） 【用法示例】 Though he is young, he knows a lot.（虽然他年纪小，但他懂得很多。） It was raining hard; we went out, though.（雨下得很大，不过我们还是出去了。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.______ he is tired, he still keeps working. ① Though ② Because ③ Since ④ As 2.She didn't go to school, ______ she was ill. ① though ② because ③ so ④ but 3.He failed the exam, ______ he didn't give up. ① though ② but ③ however ④ yet （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.______ (though) it was cold, she went out without a coat. 5.He is not good at English; he works hard at it, ______ (though). （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.虽然他跑得慢，但他坚持跑完了全程。（though） ______ he ran slowly, he kept running to the end. 7.这道菜有点贵，不过味道很好。（though） The dish is a bit expensive; it tastes good, ______. 25. even though 即使；虽然 【搭配积累】后接完整句子，可与still、yet等连用增强语气。 【用法示例】 Even though he was tired, he continued to finish his work.（即使他很累，还是坚持完成了工作。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.______ she is only 12 years old, she can cook delicious food. ① A. Because ② B. Even though ③ C. If ④ D. When 2.He didn’t give up ______ he failed many times. ① A. even though ② B. as if ③ C. so that ④ D. in order that 3.______ the weather is bad, we will go hiking tomorrow. ① A. Unless ② B. Even though ③ C. Since ④ D. Because （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.______ (even though) he has no money, he always helps the poor. 5.She kept working ______ (even though) she felt uncomfortable. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.即使下雨，我们也要按时到达那里。（even though） We must arrive there on time ______ ______ ______ raining. 7.虽然他不擅长英语，但他从未放弃学习。（even though） ______ ______ ______ not good at English, he never gives up learning it. 26. solution n. 解决办法；解决 【搭配积累】find a solution（找到解决办法）、offer a solution（提供解决办法）、a solution to the problem（问题的解决办法）。 【用法示例】 We finally found a solution to the environmental problem.（我们最终找到了环境问题的解决办法。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Is there any ______ to this difficult math problem? ① A. solution ② B. way ③ C. method ④ D. manner 2.She offered a practical ______ to the company’s financial trouble. ① A. solve ② B. solution ③ C. solving ④ D. solved 3.The key ______ the problem is the same as the solution ______ it. ① A. to; to ② B. of; of ③ C. to; of ④ D. of; to （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.We need to find a ______ (solution) to deal with the traffic jam. 5.There are many ______ (solution) to the problem of air pollution. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.我们必须尽快找到这个问题的解决办法。（solution） We must find ______ ______ ______ this problem as soon as possible. 7.他提出的解决办法很有效。（solution） The ______ he offered is very effective. 27. negative adj. 否定的；消极的 【搭配积累】negative attitude（消极态度）、negative answer（否定答案）、negative effect（负面影响）、negative thinking（消极想法）。 【用法示例】 Don’t have a negative attitude towards life.（不要对生活抱有消极的态度。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.She gave a ______ reply when asked if she would join the party. ① A. positive ② B. negative ③ C. normal ④ D. deep 2.His ______ thinking always makes him feel unhappy. ① A. negative ② B. mean ③ C. awake ④ D. normal 3.The medicine has some ______ effects on the body. ① A. negative ② B. positive ③ C. active ④ D. friendly （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.We should avoid ______ (negative) thoughts and keep optimistic. 5.He refused to give a ______ (negative) answer to the question. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.不要对这件事有消极的看法。（negative） Don’t have a ______ ______ about this matter. 7.老师对他的行为给出了否定的评价。（negative） The teacher gave a ______ ______ on his behavior. 28. shout at sb 冲某人喊叫 【搭配积累】shout at sb（冲某人喊）；shout at sb for sth（因某事冲某人喊）。 【用法示例】 He shouted at his son for breaking the window.（他因儿子打碎窗户而冲他喊叫。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Don’t ______ the old man; he is too weak. ① A. shout at ② B. shout to ③ C. talk to ④ D. speak to 2.She ______ her brother for losing her favorite book yesterday. ① A. shouted at ② B. smiled at ③ C. looked at ④ D. pointed at 3.He had to ______ his friend in the noisy street to make himself heard. ① A. shout at ② B. shout to ③ C. laugh at ④ D. cry to （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.My mother never ______ (shout) at me when I make mistakes. 5.He ______ (shout) at his dog just now because it bit the sofa. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.不要冲孩子喊叫，这会伤害他们的自尊心。（shout at sb） Don’t ______ ______ the children; it will hurt their self-esteem. 7.他因为我迟到而冲我大喊。（shout at sb） He ______ ______ me because I was late. 29. behave v. 表现；举止得体 【搭配积累】1. behave well/badly（表现好/差）；2. behave oneself（举止得体、守规矩）；3. behave towards sb（对某人表现出……态度）。 【用法示例】 The children behaved well at the party.（孩子们在派对上表现得很好。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.You should ______ well when you visit your grandparents. ① A. behave ② B. believe ③ C. become ④ D. break 2.The little boy ______ himself in the restaurant, so his parents were proud of him. ① A. behaved ② B. helped ③ C. enjoyed ④ D. taught 3.How did she ______ towards you when you met her yesterday? ① A. behave ② B. look ③ C. feel ④ D. sound （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.Please ______ (behave) yourself in the library; it’s quiet here. 5.He ______ (behave) badly at school yesterday, so the teacher called his parents. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.在公共场合要举止得体。（behave） You should ______ ______ in public. 7.这个女孩在陌生人面前表现得很有礼貌。（behave） The girl ______ ______ in front of strangers. 30. awake adj. 醒着的 【搭配积累】1. 常作表语，如be awake、stay awake（保持清醒）、keep awake（使清醒）；2. 可与half、fully等副词连用，如half awake（半睡半醒的）。 【用法示例】 She was still awake at midnight thinking about her work.（她半夜还醒着，在想工作的事。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He stayed ______ all night to finish his homework. ① A. awake ② B. asleep ③ C. sleepy ④ D. tired 2.The baby is ______; don’t make any noise. ① A. awake ② B. asleep ③ C. awake ④ D. happy 3.She was half ______ when she heard the doorbell ring. ① A. awake ② B. wake ③ C. woken ④ D. waking （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The old man has trouble staying ______ (awake) at night. 5.She found her son ______ (awake) when she got home. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.我昨天晚上醒着到很晚，看了一本书。（awake） I stayed ______ late last night reading a book. 7.噪音使我一整晚都醒着。（awake） The noise kept me ______ all night. 31. normal adj. 正常的；普通的 【搭配积累】normal life（正常生活）、normal temperature（正常体温）、normal situation（正常情况）、normal people（普通人）。 【用法示例】 It’s normal to feel nervous before an exam.（考试前感到紧张是正常的。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.After the storm, everything returned to ______. ① A. normal ② B. negative ③ C. deep ④ D. mean 2.It’s ______ for a child to start speaking at the age of two. ① A. normal ② B. awake ③ C. mean ④ D. deep 3.She leads a ______ life with her family in a small town. ① A. normal ② B. negative ③ C. active ④ D. special （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.His temperature is ______ (normal); there’s no need to worry. 5.It’s ______ (normal) for him to be late; he is always on time. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.这种天气在这个季节是正常的。（normal） This kind of weather is ______ in this season. 7.他希望尽快恢复正常生活。（normal） He hopes to return to his ______ ______ as soon as possible. 32. mean adj. 刻薄的；吝啬的 【搭配积累】mean to sb（对某人刻薄）、mean with money（对钱吝啬）、a mean comment（刻薄的评论）。 【用法示例】 She is not mean; she just doesn’t like to waste money.（她不吝啬，只是不喜欢浪费钱。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He made a ______ comment about her appearance, which made her sad. ① A. mean ② B. normal ③ C. deep ④ D. awake 2.My uncle is very ______ with his money; he never buys new clothes. ① A. mean ② B. kind ③ C. generous ④ D. friendly 3.Don’t be ______ to your little sister; she is only five years old. ① A. mean ② B. nice ③ C. good ④ D. kind （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.She is always ______ (mean) to her classmates, so no one likes her. 5.He is ______ (mean) with his time and never helps others. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他对朋友很刻薄，经常说伤人的话。（mean） He is ______ ______ his friends and often says hurtful words. 7.那个老人对钱很吝啬，不愿意捐一分钱。（mean） The old man is ______ ______ money and unwilling to donate a cent. 33. deep adj. 深的；有……深的 【搭配积累】deep water（深水）、deep hole（深洞）、three meters deep（三米深）、deep love（深厚的爱）。 【用法示例】 The river is about two meters deep.（这条河大约有两米深。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The swimmer is afraid to go into the ______ water. ① A. deep ② B. mean ③ C. normal ④ D. negative 2.The snow here is half a meter ______. ① A. deep ② B. deeply ③ C. depth ④ D. deeper 3.She has a ______ love for her hometown. ① A. deep ② B. deep ③ C. awake ④ D. mean （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The workers dug a ______ (deep) hole to plant the tree. 5.The lake is much ______ (deep) than I thought. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.这个游泳池有五米深。（deep） The swimming pool is ______ ______ ______. 7.他们在山里发现了一个很深的洞穴。（deep） They found a ______ ______ in the mountain. 34. remain v. 继续存在；保持不变 【搭配积累】1. remain + 形容词（如remain calm“保持冷静”）；2. remain + 介词短语（如remain in silence“保持沉默”）；3. remain + 名词（如remain a mystery“仍是一个谜”）。 【用法示例】 Please remain quiet during the meeting.（会议期间请保持安静。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.We should ______ calm when we face danger. ① A. remain ② B. behave ③ C. shout ④ D. mean 2.The problem ______ unsolved for many years. ① A. remains ② B. becomes ③ C. turns ④ D. keeps 3.After the party, only a few guests ______ in the hall. ① A. remained ② B. stayed ③ C. left ④ D. went （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The door ______ (remain) open all night yesterday. 5.He ______ (remain) silent when asked about the accident. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.面对困难时，我们必须保持乐观。（remain） We must ______ ______ when facing difficulties. 7.这个秘密仍然不为人知。（remain） The secret ______ ______ to this day. 35. not only ...but also ... 不但……而且…… 【搭配积累】1. 连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”；2. 连接并列句子时，not only置于句首，主句需部分倒装；3. 可连接并列宾语、定语、状语等。 【用法示例】 She not only sings well but also dances beautifully.（她不但唱歌好，而且跳舞也很棒。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.______ he is a teacher, but also he is a writer. ① A. Not only ② B. Not only is ③ C. Not only does ④ D. Not only has 2.Not only my parents but also I ______ interested in reading. ① A. am ② B. is ③ C. are ④ D. be 3.She not only speaks English well ______ can write it perfectly. ① A. but also ② B. but ③ C. and ④ D. so （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.Not only he but also his sister ______ (like) playing the piano. 5.Not only does she study hard, but also she ______ (help) others often. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他不但会打篮球，而且会踢足球。（not only ...but also ...） He can ______ ______ play basketball ______ ______ play football. 7.这个故事不但有趣，而且很有教育意义。（not only ...but also ...） The story is ______ ______ interesting ______ ______ educational. ◇Part 03 词汇强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 单项选择 1. We need to find a proper way to ______ this difficult problem. A. deal with B. look for C. think of D. put away 2. She couldn't hide her ______ when she heard the exciting news. A. emotion B. hobby C. habit D. mistake 3. Lily felt ______ after her best friend moved to another city. A. upset B. happy C. excited D. relaxed 4. The old man lives ______ in the village, but he never feels lonely. A. alone B. nearly C. hardly D. almost 5. It's important to learn to ______ your temper when you are angry. A. control B. lose C. show D. find 6. His eyes were full of ______ when he knew he was cheated. A. anger B. joy C. surprise D. fear 7. My teacher always ______ me to read more English books after class. A. advises B. stops C. avoids D. refuses 8. Those ______ words made her cry for a long time. A. hurtful B. helpful C. careful D. wonderful 9. ______, please be more careful with your homework. A. In future B. In fact C. In short D. In all 10. You should ______ him for his mistake because he didn't do it on purpose. A. forgive B. forget C. leave D. punish 11. It's not my ______ that the train was late; I told you the correct time. A. fault B. plan C. idea D. decision 12. They had a long talk to ______ and finally became good friends again. A. clear the air B. look up C. give up D. put off 13. My father gave me a valuable ______ on my birthday. A. present B. lesson C. story D. message 14. This school has very high ______ for student behavior. A. standards B. rules C. signs D. levels 15. He won the first ______ in the English speaking competition. A. award B. game C. match D. race 16. I tried my best to ______ my idea to the audience, but some still didn't understand. A. get across B. get up C. get off D. get on 17. Please speak ______ so that everyone in the room can hear you. A. clearly B. quickly C. quietly D. slowly 18. Too much study ______ may make students feel tired and stressed. A. pressure B. pleasure C. power D. pride 19. What is the main ______ of your visit to this city? A. purpose B. result C. reason D. answer 20. I didn't break the cup ______; it was an accident. A. on purpose B. by chance C. in time D. at first 21. The number of students in this class has ______ because some moved to other classes. A. reduced by half B. grown up C. taken off D. given up 22. You should ______ to her because you said something wrong yesterday. A. apologize B. explain C. complain D. reply 23. You should ______ and think about how she felt when you criticized her. A. put yourself in her shoes B. look forward to C. pay attention to D. take care of 24. She ______ the door and went to bed without saying a word. A. shut B. opened C. cleaned D. repaired 25. His parents ______ him away from his friends because they wanted him to focus on study. A. shut B. sent C. took D. kept 26. ______, I want to thank everyone who helped me during this project. A. Lastly B. Firstly C. Suddenly D. Recently 27. There is ______ of time, so we don't need to hurry. A. plenty B. little C. few D. much 28. We have ______ food and drinks for the party, so you don't need to bring anything. A. plenty of B. a little C. a few D. a lot 29. He has been ______ since he failed the exam. A. feeling blue B. feeling good C. feeling hungry D. feeling cold 30. She was ______ when she got the offer from her dream school. A. on top of the world B. under the weather C. in trouble D. at risk 31. After hearing the good news, she was ______ all day long. A. all smile B. all tears C. all eyes D. all ears 32. He has been ______ in spirits these days because his pet dog got lost. A. in low spirits B. in high spirits C. in good health D. in bad luck 33. The telephone ______ when I was taking a shower. A. rang B. sang C. cried D. shouted 34. Nobody is allowed to ______ the meeting room without permission. A. enter B. leave C. clean D. decorate 35. She didn't ______ to speak in front of so many people. A. dare B. decide C. hope D. agree 36. ______ in our class likes English because our teacher teaches it well. A. Everybody B. Somebody C. Anybody D. Nobody 37. Don't ______ your parents ______; they have high expectations for you. A. let; down B. put; up C. take; off D. turn; on 38. The coach is always ______ his players, but it's because he wants them to improve. A. hard on B. good at C. afraid of D. interested in 39. All the team members need to ______ to win the game. A. pull together B. fall apart C. give up D. cheer up 40. ______ he is young, he knows a lot about history. A. Even though B. Because C. Since D. When $2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固(人教版2024) Unit 3 Growing Up词汇讲练 目录 第一部分 单元词汇背默锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 核心词汇讲练用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 词汇强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 单元词汇清单 Unit 3 单元词汇背诵清单 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 deal with处理；对付 emotion n.情感；情绪 upset adj.难过的；沮丧的 lonely adj.孤独的；寂寞的 shocked adj.震惊的 alone adv.独自；单独 control v.&n.控制 anger n.怒火 advise v.建议；劝告 hurtful adj.伤感情的 in future今后；从今以后 forgive v. (forgave, forgiven)原谅；忽怒 fault n.过错；责任 clear the air尽释前嫌 present n礼物 standard n标准；水平；adj.标准的 award n.奖；奖品 get across 解释清楚；传达 clearly adv.清楚地 pressure n.压力 purpose n.目的；意图 on purpose故意；有意地 reduce by half减少一半 apologize (=apologise)v.道歉 put oneself in sb's shoes设身地处于某人的境地 shut v.(shut,shut)关闭；合上：住嘴 shut sth/sb away把……关（藏）起来；隔离 lastly adv.最后 plenty pron.充足；丰富；大量 plenty of充足；大量 feel blue感到忧郁的 on top of the world欢天喜地 all smile笑容满面 low adj.沮丧的；低的 in low spirits情绪低落；精神不振 ring v.(rang, rung)发出铃声 enter v.进入 dare v.&modalv.敢于 everybody pron.每人；所有人 let down使失望 be hard on对……苛刻或过分严厉 player n.运动员；选手 referee n.裁判 take back撤回；收回 decision n.决定 kick oneself(因干了蠢事等)自责或懊恼 look on the bright side从好的方面想；抱乐观态度 score n.得分；比分 proud adj.骄傲的；自豪的 proud of为……感到骄傲 coach n.教练 as well也；又 bit n.有点儿；稍微 a bit有点儿；稍微 repeat v.重复 pull together齐心协力；通力合作 though conj.虽然；尽管 even though 即使；虽然 solution n.解决办法；解决 joyful adj.高兴的；令人愉快的 thankful adj.感谢的；感激的 negative adj.否定的；消极的 bully v.霸凌；恐吓 n.恶霸 shout at sb冲某人喊叫 from time to time不时；偶尔 behave v.表现；举止得体 differently adv.不同地 physics n.物理；物理学 awake adj.醒着的 normal adj.正常的；普通的 mad adj.发狂的；疯的 mean adj.刻薄的；吝啬的 deep adj.深的；有……深的 take a deep breath深呼吸 pass away去世(委婉说法) anybody pron.任何人 remain v.继续存在；保持不变 not only ...but also ..…不但……而且…… Unit 3 单元词汇默写清单 ____________处理；对付 ____________n.情感；情绪 ____________ adj.难过的；沮丧的 ____________ adj.孤独的；寂寞的 ____________ adj.震惊的 ____________ adv.独自；单独 ____________ v.&n.控制 ____________n.怒火 ____________v.建议；劝告 ____________ adj.伤感情的 ____________今后；从今以后 ____________v. (____________, ____________)原谅；忽怒 ____________n.过错；责任 ____________尽释前嫌 ____________ n礼物 ____________n标准；水平；adj.标准的 ____________n.奖；奖品 ____________解释清楚；传达 ____________adv.清楚地 ____________ n.压力 ____________n.目的；意图 ____________故意；有意地 ____________减少一半 ____________(=____________)v.道歉 ____________设身地处于某人的境地 ____________ v.(____________, ____________)关闭；合上：住嘴 ____________把……关（藏）起来；隔离 ____________adv.最后 ____________pron.充足；丰富；大量 ____________充足；大量 ____________感到忧郁的 ____________欢天喜地 ____________笑容满面 ____________adj.沮丧的；低的 ____________情绪低落；精神不振 ____________v.(____________, ____________)发出铃声 ____________ v.进入 ____________v.&modalv.敢于 ____________ pron.每人；所有人 ____________使失望 ____________对……苛刻或过分严厉 ____________n.运动员；选手 ____________ n.裁判 ____________撤回；收回 ____________ n.决定 ____________(因干了蠢事等)自责或懊恼 ____________从好的方面想；抱乐观态度 ____________ n.得分；比分 ____________adj.骄傲的；自豪的 ____________为……感到骄傲 ____________n.教练 ____________也；又 ____________n.有点儿；稍微 ____________有点儿；稍微 ____________v.重复 ____________齐心协力；通力合作 ____________conj.虽然；尽管 ____________即使；虽然 ____________ n.解决办法；解决 ____________ adj.高兴的；令人愉快的 ____________ adj.感谢的；感激的 ____________ adj.否定的；消极的 ____________v.霸凌；恐吓 n.恶霸 ____________冲某人喊叫 ____________不时；偶尔 ____________ v.表现；举止得体 ____________adv.不同地 ____________n.物理；物理学 ____________ adj.醒着的 ____________adj.正常的；普通的 ____________adj.发狂的；疯的 ____________ adj.刻薄的；吝啬的 ____________ adj.深的；有……深的 ____________深呼吸 ____________去世(委婉说法) ____________ pron.任何人 ____________ v.继续存在；保持不变 ____________不但……而且…… ◇Part 02 核心词汇讲练 1. deal with 处理；对付 【搭配积累】deal with a problem（处理问题）、deal with pressure（应对压力）、deal with people（与人打交道） 【用法示例】 We need to find a proper way to deal with this difficult situation.（我们需要找到合适的方法来处理这个棘手的情况。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.We have to ______ the waste before it pollutes the environment. ① deal with ② do with ③ take with ④ get with 2.She is good at ______ different kinds of people in her work. ① dealing with ② dealing to ③ doing with ④ doing to 3.The teacher gave us some advice on how to ______ stress in daily life. ① make with ② deal with ③ put up with ④ come up with （二）单句填空（用所给短语适当形式填空） 4.He ______ (deal with) the complaint carefully when he was the manager. 5.My mother always tells me that ______ (deal with) mistakes bravely is a sign of growth. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.我们应该学会冷静地处理生活中的困难。 We should learn to ______ difficulties in life calmly. 7.这个新系统能帮助我们更高效地处理数据。 The new system can help us ______ data more efficiently. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ② 【解析】 1. 句意“我们必须在废物污染环境前处理掉它”，deal with 侧重“处理、应对”，符合语境；do with 常与 what 连用，侧重“利用”，故选①。 2. 固定搭配 be good at doing sth.（擅长做某事），deal with 为固定短语，故选①。 3. 句意“老师给了我们一些关于如何应对日常生活压力的建议”，put up with 表示“忍受”，come up with 表示“提出”，deal with 符合“应对压力”的语境，故选②。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. dealt with 5. dealing with 【解析】 4. 由时间状语 when he was the manager 可知，句子用一般过去时，deal 的过去式为 dealt，故填 dealt with。 5. 分析句子结构，空格处作主语，需用动名词短语，故填 dealing with。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. deal with 7. deal with 【解析】 6. 空格前为不定式符号 to，后接动词原形短语，故填 deal with。 7. 固定搭配 help sb. do sth.（帮助某人做某事），后接动词原形短语，故填 deal with。 2. emotion n. 情感；情绪 【搭配积累】express emotion（表达情感）、strong emotion（强烈的情绪）、mixed emotions（复杂的情绪）、control one's emotions（控制情绪） 【用法示例】 Her poems are full of deep emotion.（她的诗歌充满了深沉的情感。） He couldn't hide his emotions when he heard the good news.（听到这个好消息时，他无法掩饰自己的情绪。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Music can help people release their hidden ______. ① emotions ② emoticons ③ feelings ④ spirits 2.She showed no ______ when she heard the bad news, which surprised us all. ① emotion ② emotional ③ emotionally ④ emotive 3.It's important for children to learn to manage their ______ from an early age. ① emotion ② emotions ③ feeling ④ sense （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He spoke with great ______ (emotion) about his experience in the disaster. 5.The film is designed to arouse people's ______ (emotion) and make them think. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.她善于用绘画表达自己的情感。 She is good at expressing her ______ through painting. 7.面对困难时，我们应该保持积极的情绪。 We should keep positive ______ when facing difficulties. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ② 【解析】 1. 句意“音乐能帮助人们释放隐藏的情绪”，emotion 侧重内心的情感状态；feeling 更侧重身体或感官的感受，故选①。 2. 空格前为 no，后接名词，emotional 为形容词，emotionally 为副词，emotive 为形容词，故选①。 3. emotion 为可数名词，此处表泛指，用复数形式，故选②。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. emotion 5. emotions 【解析】 4. 空格前为形容词 great，后接名词，此处 emotion 为不可数名词，表“情感”，故填 emotion。 5. 此处指“人们的多种情绪”，emotion 为可数名词，用复数形式，故填 emotions。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. emotions 7. emotions 【解析】 6. 此处指“自己的多种情感”，用复数形式 emotions，符合语境。 7. 此处表泛指“积极的情绪”，用复数形式 emotions。 3. upset adj. 难过的；沮丧的 【搭配积累】be upset about sth.（因某事而难过）、be upset with sb.（对某人心烦）、upset sb.（使某人难过） 【用法示例】 She was upset about missing the important meeting.（她因错过了重要会议而感到难过。） His rude words upset his mother.（他粗鲁的话让他妈妈很伤心。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.She was ______ when she found her favorite book was lost. ① upset ② lonely ③ shocked ④ proud 2.Don't be ______ with him; he didn't do it on purpose. ① upset ② angry ③ mad ④ annoyed 3.The bad news ______ all of us, and we were in low spirits. ① upset ② upsetting ③ upsets ④ to upset （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He looked ______ (upset) because he failed the exam again. 5.It ______ (upset) me to see her crying alone in the corner. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他因没能按时回家而感到沮丧。 He was ______ about not being able to go home on time. 7.不要说那样的话，会让她难过的。 Don't say such words; they will ______ her. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. 句意“当她发现自己最喜欢的书丢了时，她很伤心”，lonely 表示“孤独的”，shocked 表示“震惊的”，proud 表示“骄傲的”，upset 符合语境，故选①。 2. 固定搭配 be upset with sb.（对某人心烦），其他选项无此搭配，故选①。 3. 由后半句 were 可知，句子用一般过去时，upset 的过去式仍为 upset，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. upset 5. upsets 【解析】 4. 空格处作表语，用形容词 upset，无需变形。 5. 句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语 It 为第三人称单数，谓语动词用 upsets。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. upset 7. upset 【解析】 6. 固定搭配 be upset about sth.，空格处填形容词 upset。 7. 空格前为情态动词 will，后接动词原形，故填 upset。 4. lonely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的 【搭配积累】feel lonely（感到孤独）、a lonely house（一座偏僻的房子）、lonely life（孤独的生活） 【用法示例】 He lives alone but never feels lonely.（他独自居住，但从不感到孤独。） There is a lonely road leading to the village.（有一条偏僻的路通往那个村庄。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.After his wife passed away, he felt ______ and often stayed at home alone. ① lonely ② alone ③ upset ④ shocked 2.The old man lives in a ______ village in the mountains. ① lonely ② alone ③ lone ④ lonesome 3.She doesn't like being ______ at home, for she will feel ______. ① alone; lonely ② lonely; alone ③ alone; alone ④ lonely; lonely （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The little girl felt ______ (lonely) when her parents went to work. 5.He has been living in a ______ (lonely) island for two years. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他虽然有很多朋友，但有时还是会感到孤独。 Although he has many friends, he still feels ______ sometimes. 7.那座孤独的城堡矗立在山顶上。 That ______ castle stands on the top of the mountain. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. 句意“他妻子去世后，他感到孤独，经常独自待在家里”，alone 为副词，不能作表语；upset 表示“难过的”，shocked 表示“震惊的”，lonely 符合“内心孤独”的语境，故选①。 2. 空格处修饰名词 village，用形容词 lonely（偏僻的）；alone 为副词，lone 侧重“单独的”，lonesome 为口语化表达，故选①。 3. 第一空表示“独自在家”，用副词 alone；第二空表示“感到孤独”，用形容词 lonely，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. lonely 5. lonely 【解析】 4. 空格处作表语，表达“内心的孤独感”，用形容词 lonely。 5. 空格处修饰名词 island，指“偏僻的岛屿”，用形容词 lonely。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. lonely 7. lonely 【解析】 6. 空格处作表语，表达“孤独的情绪”，填 lonely。 7. 空格处修饰名词 castle，指“偏僻的城堡”，填 lonely。 5. shocked adj. 震惊的 【搭配积累】be shocked at/by sth.（因某事而震惊）、be shocked to do sth.（惊讶地做某事）、a shocked expression（震惊的表情） 【用法示例】 I was shocked by the sudden accident on the road.（我被路上突然发生的事故惊呆了。） She was shocked to hear that her friend had passed away.（听到朋友去世的消息，她感到震惊。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.All of us were ______ when we heard the news of his success. ① shocked ② surprising ③ excited ④ interested 2.She had a ______ look on her face when she saw the strange animal. ① shocked ② shocking ③ shock ④ shocks 3.I'm ______ that he could finish such a difficult task in one day. ① shocked ② shocking ③ shock ④ to shock （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.They were ______ (shock) to learn that their team had lost the game. 5.The ______ (shock) news made everyone in the room quiet. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.听到这个令人震惊的消息，他感到非常震惊。 He was very ______ when he heard the ______ news. 7.我们对他的决定感到震惊。 We are ______ at his decision. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. 句意“听到他成功的消息，我们所有人都很震惊”，surprising 修饰物，excited 表示“兴奋的”，interested 表示“感兴趣的”，shocked 符合语境，故选①。 2. 空格处修饰名词 look（表情），用 shocked（人感到震惊的）；shocking 修饰物，表“令人震惊的”，故选①。 3. 空格处作表语，主语为 I，用 shocked 表示“感到震惊的”，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. shocked 5. shocking 【解析】 4. 主语为 They，空格处作表语，表达“人感到震惊的”，用 shocked。 5. 空格处修饰名词 news，表“令人震惊的消息”，用 shocking。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. shocked; shocking 7. shocked 【解析】 6. 第一空主语为 He，用 shocked 表示“感到震惊的”；第二空修饰 news，用 shocking 表示“令人震惊的”。 7. 固定搭配 be shocked at sth.，空格处填 shocked。 6. alone adv. 独自；单独 【搭配积累】live alone（独自居住）、go alone（独自前往）、leave sb. alone（别打扰某人）、be alone（独自一人） 【用法示例】 She likes to walk alone in the park after dinner.（她喜欢晚饭后独自在公园散步。） He was alone in the room when I arrived.（我到的时候，他一个人在房间里。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He decided to travel ______ to enjoy the peace and quiet. ① alone ② lonely ③ lone ④ lonesome 2.Please leave me ______; I need some time to think. ① alone ② lonely ③ along ④ aloud 3.Though she was ______ at home, she didn't feel ______. ① alone; lonely ② lonely; alone ③ alone; alone ④ lonely; lonely （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The old man lives ______ (alone) in the countryside, but he has many friends nearby. 5.She doesn't dare to go out ______ (alone) at night. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他独自完成了这项工作。 He finished the work ______. 7.别打扰他，让他一个人待着。 Don't disturb him; leave him ______. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. 空格处修饰动词 travel，用副词 alone；lonely 为形容词，lone、lonesome 侧重“孤独的”，故选①。 2. 固定搭配 leave sb. alone（别打扰某人），along 表示“沿着”，aloud 表示“大声地”，故选①。 3. 第一空表“独自一人在家”，用副词 alone；第二空表“感到孤独”，用形容词 lonely，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. alone 5. alone 【解析】 4. 空格处修饰动词 lives，用副词 alone，无需变形。 5. 空格处修饰动词短语 go out，用副词 alone，表“独自外出”。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. alone 7. alone 【解析】 6. 空格处修饰动词 finished，用副词 alone，表“独自完成”。 7. 固定搭配 leave sb. alone，空格处填 alone。 7. control v.&n. 控制 【搭配积累】control one's temper（控制脾气）、control the situation（控制局面）、take control of（掌控）、under control（处于控制之下） 【用法示例】 She tried hard to control her tears when she heard the sad news.（听到这个坏消息时，她努力控制住自己的眼泪。） The teacher has good control over the class.（这位老师能很好地管理班级。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The police quickly took ______ control of the crowded area. ① / ② a ③ an ④ the 2.He couldn't ______ his anger when he saw the unfair treatment. ① control ② manage ③ handle ④ deal 3.We must keep the situation ______ control to avoid more problems. ① under ② in ③ on ④ with （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He has no ______ (control) over his own time because of his busy work. 5.The machine is ______ (control) by a computer, so it runs very smoothly. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.她努力控制自己的情绪，不想让别人担心。 She tried hard to ______ her emotions and didn't want others to worry. 7.父母应该学会掌控自己的脾气，给孩子树立好榜样。 Parents should learn to ______ their tempers and set a good example for their children. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. 固定搭配 take control of（掌控），control 前不加冠词，故选①。 2. 句意“看到不公平的待遇，他无法控制自己的愤怒”，manage 侧重“管理”，handle 侧重“处理”，deal 为不及物动词，需加 with，control 符合语境，故选①。 3. 固定搭配 under control（处于控制之下），故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. control 5. controlled 【解析】 4. 空格前为 no，后接名词，control 为不可数名词，故填 control。 5. 主语 The machine 与 control 为被动关系，用被动语态，故填 controlled。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. control 7. control 【解析】 6. 空格前为不定式符号 to，后接动词原形，故填 control。 7. 空格前为不定式符号 to，后接动词原形，故填 control。 8. anger n. 怒火 【搭配积累】feel anger（感到愤怒）、hold back anger（抑制怒火）、anger sb.（激怒某人）、in anger（愤怒地） 【用法示例】 His words filled her with anger.（他的话让她满腔怒火。）It angers me that he always lies to me.（他总是对我撒谎，这让我很生气。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.She couldn't hide her ______ when she found out the truth. ① anger ② angry ③ angrily ④ angered 2.His rude behavior ______ everyone present at the meeting. ① angered ② annoyed ③ bothered ④ upset 3.He slammed the door ______ anger and left the room. ① in ② with ③ on ④ by （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.She tried her best to hold back her ______ (anger) when facing his mistakes. 5.It ______ (anger) him that no one believed his words. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他抑制住怒火，平静地解决了问题。 He held back his ______ and solved the problem calmly. 7.她的话激怒了他，他转身就走了。 Her words ______ him, and he turned around and left. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. 空格前为形容词性物主代词 her，后接名词，angry 为形容词，angrily 为副词，angered 为过去分词，故选①。 2. 句意“他粗鲁的行为激怒了出席会议的所有人”，annoyed 表示“使烦恼”，bothered 表示“打扰”，upset 表示“使难过”，anger 作动词表“激怒”，程度更强，故选①。 3. 固定搭配 in anger（愤怒地），故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. anger 5. angers 【解析】 4. 空格前为形容词性物主代词 her，后接名词，anger 为不可数名词，故填 anger。 5. 句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语 It 为第三人称单数，谓语动词用 angers。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. anger 7. angered 【解析】 6. 空格前为形容词性物主代词 his，后接名词，故填 anger。 7. 由后半句 turned 可知，句子用一般过去时，故填 angered。 9. advise v. 建议；劝告 【搭配积累】advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事）、advise doing sth.（建议做某事）、advise sb. against doing sth.（劝告某人不要做某事）、give advice（提建议，advice 为名词） 【用法示例】 The doctor advised me to exercise more every day.（医生建议我每天多锻炼。） I advise waiting for a few more minutes.（我建议再等几分钟。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.My teacher advised me ______ a foreign language to improve myself. ① to learn ② learning ③ learn ④ learned 2.We advise ______ early to avoid traffic jams on the way. ① leave ② leaving ③ to leave ④ left 3.He gave me some useful ______ on how to study English well. ① advise ② advice ③ advices ④ advising （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The teacher advised us ______ (not stay) up late before the exam. 5.She ______ (advise) him to see a doctor as soon as possible yesterday. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.我建议他先完成作业再去玩。 I advised him ______ his homework first before going out to play. 7.医生劝告她不要吃太多甜食。 The doctor advised her ______ too much sweet food. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ② ② 【解析】 1. 固定搭配 advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事），故选①。 2. 固定搭配 advise doing sth.（建议做某事），故选②。 3. 空格前为形容词 useful，后接名词，advise 为动词，advice 为不可数名词，无复数形式，故选②。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. not to stay 5. advised 【解析】 4. 固定搭配 advise sb. not to do sth.（劝告某人不要做某事），故填 not to stay。 5. 由时间状语 yesterday 可知，句子用一般过去时，advise 的过去式为 advised，故填 advised。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. to finish 7. against eating / not to eat 【解析】 6. 固定搭配 advise sb. to do sth.，“完成”用 finish，故填 to finish。 7. 可表达为 advise sb. against doing sth. 或 advise sb. not to do sth.，故填 against eating 或 not to eat。 10. forgive v. (forgave, forgiven)原谅；宽恕 【搭配积累】forgive sb. for sth.（因某事原谅某人）、forgive sb. for doing sth.（原谅某人做了某事）、forgive oneself（原谅自己） 【用法示例】 She finally forgave him for his mistake.（她最终原谅了他的过错。） It's hard to forgive someone who has hurt you deeply.（原谅一个深深伤害过你的人很难。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He begged her to ______ him for his carelessness. ① forgive ② forget ③ excuse ④ pardon 2.She has ______ him for what he did to her last year. ① forgive ② forgave ③ forgiven ④ forgiving 3.We should learn to ______ others' mistakes and be kind. ① forgive ② remember ③ remind ④ regret （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He ______ (forgive) his friend for breaking his promise yesterday. 5.Will you ever ______ (forgive) me for my foolish behavior? （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.她原谅了他迟到的行为。 She forgave him ______ late. 7.我永远不会原谅他对我撒谎。 I will never forgive him ______ to me. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ③ ① 【解析】 1. 固定搭配 forgive sb. for sth.（因某事原谅某人），forget 表示“忘记”，excuse 侧重“宽恕小过错”，pardon 侧重“官方赦免”，故选①。 2. 由助动词 has 可知，句子用现在完成时，forgive 的过去分词为 forgiven，故选③。 3. 句意“我们应该学会原谅别人的过错，保持善良”，remember 表示“记得”，remind 表示“提醒”，regret 表示“后悔”，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. forgave 5. forgive 【解析】 4. 由时间状语 yesterday 可知，句子用一般过去时，forgive 的过去式为 forgave，故填 forgave。 5. 空格前为情态动词 will，后接动词原形，故填 forgive。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. for being 7. for lying 【解析】 6. 固定搭配 forgive sb. for doing sth.，“迟到”用 be late，故填 for being。 7. 固定搭配 forgive sb. for doing sth.，“撒谎”用 lie，动名词形式为 lying，故填 for lying。 11. present n. 礼物；adj. 标准的；v. 颁发；呈现 【搭配积累】a birthday present（生日礼物）、present standards（标准）、present a prize（颁发奖品）、at present（目前） 【用法示例】 She received a beautiful present from her parents on her birthday.（她生日那天收到了父母送的精美礼物。） The teacher presented the certificate to the top student.（老师把证书颁发给了优等生。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He gave me a small ______ to thank me for my help. ① present ② gift ③ reward ④ prize 2.______ standards require us to finish the task on time. ① Present ② Past ③ Future ④ Ancient 3.The manager will ______ the new plan at the meeting tomorrow. ① present ② show ③ display ④ exhibit （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.She bought a wonderful ______ (present) for her best friend. 5.The headmaster ______ (present) medals to the winning students yesterday. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.这是我给你的礼物，希望你喜欢。 This is my ______ for you. I hope you like it. 7.他将在会议上呈现他的研究成果。 He will ______ his research results at the meeting. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. present 泛指礼物，侧重心意；gift 用法相近，reward 指报酬，prize 指奖品，此处表普通礼物，present 更贴切，故选①。 2. 句意“现行标准要求我们按时完成任务”，present 作形容词表“目前的、现行的”，符合语境，故选①。 3. present 侧重正式场合的“呈现、提交”，show 泛指展示，display 侧重陈列，exhibit 侧重展览，此处指会议上提交计划，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. present 5. presented 【解析】 4. 空格前为形容词 wonderful，后接名词，present 作名词表“礼物”，故填 present。 5. 由时间状语 yesterday 可知，句子用一般过去时，present 的过去式为 presented，故填 presented。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. present 7. present 【解析】 6. 空格前为形容词性物主代词 my，后接名词，故填 present。 7. 空格前为情态动词 will，后接动词原形，故填 present。 12. standard n. 标准；水平；adj. 标准的 【搭配积累】meet the standard（达到标准）、high standard（高标准）、standard size（标准尺寸）、improve one's standard（提高水平） 【用法示例】 This product meets the international standard.（该产品符合国际标准。） We need to improve our English standard.（我们需要提高英语水平。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Our school has very high ______ for student behavior. ① standards ② levels ③ rules ④ regulations 2.This is a ______ model of the new car, which is used for display. ① standard ② normal ③ common ④ usual 3.She worked hard to meet the ______ set by her teacher. ① standard ② level ③ goal ④ target （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The company has strict ______ (standard) for product quality. 5.This machine is made according to ______ (standard) specifications. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他的工作水平达到了公司的标准。 His work level meets the company's ______. 7.我们应该努力提高生活质量的标准。 We should try to improve the ______ of living quality. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. 句意“我们学校对学生行为有很高的标准”，standard 侧重衡量准则，level 侧重水平高度，rule 和 regulation 侧重规章制度，故选①。 2. 句意“这是这款新车的标准模型，用于展示”，standard 表“标准的”，normal 表“正常的”，common 表“普遍的”，usual 表“通常的”，故选①。 3. 固定搭配 meet the standard（达到标准），goal 和 target 侧重目标，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. standards 5. standard 【解析】 4. 空格前为形容词 strict，且谓语动词为 have，此处表“多项标准”，用复数 standards。 5. 空格处修饰名词 specifications，用形容词 standard，表“标准规格”。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. standard 7. standard 【解析】 6. 空格前为名词所有格 company's，后接名词，此处表单一标准，填 standard。 7. 固定搭配 the standard of...（……的标准），填 standard。 13. purpose n. 目的；意图 【搭配积累】for the purpose of（为了……目的）、with a purpose（有目的的）、achieve one's purpose（实现目的）、the purpose of doing sth.（做某事的目的） 【用法示例】 He came here with the purpose of learning English.（他来这里的目的是学习英语。） Her main purpose is to help the poor.（她的主要目的是帮助穷人。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.What is the main ______ of this meeting? ① purpose ② goal ③ aim ④ target 2.She did it on purpose, not by accident. The underlined part means ______. ① intentionally ② carelessly ③ suddenly ④ quietly 3.We should always keep our ______ in mind when working. ① purpose ② plan ③ idea ④ thought （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He has a clear ______ (purpose) in life, which guides him forward. 5.The program was designed for the ______ (purpose) of helping children in poor areas. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他这次旅行的目的是参观历史遗迹。 The ______ of his trip is to visit historical relics. 7.我们必须明确做事的目的，才能提高效率。 We must make clear the ______ of doing things to improve efficiency. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. purpose 侧重做某事的意图，goal、aim、target 侧重具体目标，此处问会议的主要意图，故选①。 2. on purpose 为固定短语，意为“故意地”，与 intentionally 同义，故选①。 3. 句意“工作时我们应时刻牢记目的”，purpose 符合语境，plan 表计划，idea 和 thought 表想法，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. purpose 5. purpose 【解析】 4. 空格前为形容词 clear，后接名词，此处表单一目的，填 purpose。 5. 固定搭配 for the purpose of（为了……目的），填 purpose。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. purpose 7. purpose 【解析】 6. 空格前为定冠词 The，后接名词，填 purpose。 7. 空格前为定冠词 the，后接名词，填 purpose。 14. reduce by half 减少一半 【搭配积累】reduce the cost by half（成本减少一半）、reduce the time by half（时间缩短一半）、reduce the number by half（数量减少一半） 【用法示例】 We managed to reduce the production cost by half.（我们成功将生产成本减少了一半。） The number of students in this class has been reduced by half.（这个班的学生人数减少了一半。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The factory ______ the waste by half to protect the environment. ① reduced ② decreased ③ cut ④ lowered 2.If we ______ the expenses by half, we can save a lot of money. ① reduce ② increase ③ raise ④ lift 3.The price of this product has been ______ by half since last month. ① reduced ② dropped ③ fallen ④ gone down （二）单句填空（用所给短语适当形式填空） 4.The company ______ (reduce by half) the working hours for its employees last year. 5.The water consumption ______ (reduce by half) if we use water-saving devices. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.通过这种方法，我们可以将错误率减少一半。 With this method, we can ______ the error rate ______. 7.这家餐厅将菜品价格减少了一半以吸引顾客。 The restaurant ______ the price of dishes ______ to attract customers. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. 固定短语 reduce by half（减少一半），decrease 侧重逐渐减少，cut 侧重削减，lower 侧重降低高度或水平，故选①。 2. 句意“如果我们将开支减少一半，就能节省很多钱”，increase、raise、lift 均表“增加、提高”，与语境不符，故选①。 3. 句子为被动语态，reduce 可用于被动，drop、fall、go down 为不及物动词，无被动形式，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. reduced by half 5. will be reduced by half 【解析】 4. 由时间状语 last year 可知，句子用一般过去时，故填 reduced by half。 5. 此处为 if 引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，主语与 reduce 为被动关系，用被动语态，故填 will be reduced by half。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. reduce; by half 7. reduced; by half 【解析】 6. 空格前为情态动词 can，后接动词原形，故填 reduce; by half。 7. 由语境可知，动作已发生，用一般过去时，故填 reduced; by half。 15. apologize (=apologise) v. 道歉 【搭配积累】apologize to sb.（向某人道歉）、apologize for sth.（因某事道歉）、apologize for doing sth.（因做某事道歉）、make an apology（道歉，apology 为名词） 【用法示例】 He apologized to his teacher for being late.（他因迟到向老师道歉。） She refused to apologize for her mistake.（她拒绝为自己的错误道歉。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.You should ______ to her for your rude words. ① apologize ② excuse ③ forgive ④ pardon 2.He made an ______ to me for breaking my cup. ① apology ② apologize ③ apologise ④ apologetic 3.She apologized ______ keeping us waiting for a long time. ① for ② to ③ with ④ about （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He ______ (apologize) to his parents for his bad behavior yesterday. 5.You need ______ (apologize) to her immediately if you want her to forgive you. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他向我道歉，因为他弄丢了我的书。 He ______ to me for losing my book. 7.你应该为你的粗心向团队道歉。 You should ______ to the team for your carelessness. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. 固定搭配 apologize to sb.（向某人道歉），excuse、forgive、pardon 均表“原谅”，与语境不符，故选①。 2. 空格前为不定冠词 an，后接名词，apology 为名词，apologize 和 apologise 为动词，apologetic 为形容词，故选①。 3. 固定搭配 apologize for doing sth.（因做某事道歉），故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. apologized 5. to apologize 【解析】 4. 由时间状语 yesterday 可知，句子用一般过去时，apologize 的过去式为 apologized，故填 apologized。 5. 固定搭配 need to do sth.（需要做某事），故填 to apologize。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. apologized 7. apologize 【解析】 6. 由语境可知，动作已发生，用一般过去时，填 apologized。 7. 空格前为情态动词 should，后接动词原形，填 apologize。 16. shut v. (shut, shut)关闭；合上；住嘴 【搭配积累】shut the door（关门）、shut the window（关窗）、shut up（住嘴，口语）、shut down（关闭，尤指工厂、机器） 【用法示例】 Please shut the door when you leave.（离开时请关门。） He told her to shut up and listen.（他让她住嘴听着。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.She ______ the window to keep out the cold wind. ① shut ② closed ③ opened ④ turned off 2.The factory was ______ down because of environmental problems. ① shut ② closed ③ stopped ④ ended 3.Shut ______! The teacher is coming. ① up ② down ③ in ④ out （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He ______ (shut) the box and put it away carefully. 5.The door ______ (shut) automatically when you leave the room. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.请关上灯，我们要睡觉了。 Please ______ the lights; we are going to sleep. 7.他生气地合上了书，离开了房间。 He ______ the book angrily and left the room. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. shut 和 close 均可表“关闭”，shut 更口语化、动作更果断，turn off 多用于电器，opened 表“打开”，故选①。 2. 固定搭配 shut down（关闭工厂、机器），为固定短语，故选①。 3. 固定短语 shut up（住嘴），符合语境，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. shut 5. shuts 【解析】 4. 由语境可知，动作已发生，shut 的过去式为 shut，故填 shut。 5. 句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语 The door 为第三人称单数，谓语动词用 shuts。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. shut 7. shut 【解析】 6. 空格前为情态动词 Please，后接动词原形，填 shut。 7. 由后半句 left 可知，句子用一般过去时，shut 的过去式为 shut，填 shut。 17. plenty of 充足；大量 【搭配积累】plenty of time（大量时间，不可数）、plenty of books（很多书，可数）、plenty of food（充足的食物，不可数） 【用法示例】 We have plenty of time to finish the task.（我们有充足的时间完成任务。） There are plenty of apples in the basket.（篮子里有很多苹果。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.There is ______ water in the bottle, so we don't need to buy more. ① plenty of ② a lot ③ many ④ a few 2.She has ______ friends in Beijing, so she never feels lonely. ① plenty of ② much ③ a little ④ a bit of 3.We don't have ______ time left; we must hurry up.（否定句，替换 plenty of） ① enough ② plenty of ③ many ④ much （二）单句填空（用所给短语适当形式填空） 4.There are ______ (plenty of) flowers in the garden in spring. 5.He spent ______ (plenty of) money on books last year. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.冰箱里有充足的食物，我们可以吃几天。 There is ______ food in the fridge; we can eat for several days. 7.他有很多爱好，比如画画和唱歌。 He has ______ hobbies, such as drawing and singing. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. water 为不可数名词，plenty of 可修饰不可数名词；a lot 为副词短语，不能修饰名词；many 和 a few 修饰可数名词复数，故选①。 2. friends 为可数名词复数，plenty of 可修饰可数名词复数；much、a little、a bit of 修饰不可数名词，故选①。 3. 否定句中常用 enough 替换 plenty of 表“足够的”，time 为不可数名词，much 虽可修饰，但 enough 更贴合语境，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. plenty of 5. plenty of 解析：plenty of 无形式变化，可直接修饰可数名词复数（flowers）和不可数名词（money），故两空均填 plenty of。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. plenty of 7. plenty of 【解析】 6. food 为不可数名词，用 plenty of 修饰，表“充足的”。 7. hobbies 为可数名词复数，用 plenty of 修饰，表“很多的”。 18. low adj. 沮丧的；低的 【搭配积累】low mood（情绪低落）、low price（低价）、low temperature（低温）、feel low（感到沮丧） 【用法示例】 She has been feeling low since she failed the exam.（自从考试失利后，她一直情绪低落。） The price of this product is very low.（这款产品的价格很低。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He has a ______ opinion of himself, which makes him very shy. ① low ② high ③ poor ④ bad 2.The temperature is very ______ today, so you'd better wear more clothes. ① low ② high ③ cold ④ cool 3.She felt ______ because her best friend moved to another city. ① low ② sad ③ upset ④ lonely （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.His spirits were ______ (low) after he lost the competition. 5.The river is ______ (low) than usual in dry season. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他因为失业而情绪低落。 He felt ______ because he lost his job. 7.这家商店以低价出售商品。 This shop sells goods at a ______ price. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. 固定搭配 a low opinion of oneself（自我评价低），符合语境，故选①。 2. 句意“今天气温很低，你最好多穿点衣服”，low 可修饰 temperature 表“低温”，cold 修饰天气，故选①。 3. feel low 为固定短语，表“情绪低落”，与 sad、upset、lonely 含义相近，但此处考查固定搭配，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. low 5. lower 【解析】 4. 空格处作表语，用形容词 low，无需变形。 5. 由 than 可知，句子用比较级，low 的比较级为 lower，故填 lower。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. low 7. low 【解析】 6. 固定搭配 feel low（情绪低落），填 low。 7. 空格处修饰名词 price，用形容词 low，表“低价的”。 19. dare v.&modal v. 敢于 【搭配积累】dare not do sth.（不敢做某事，情态动词）、dare to do sth.（敢于做某事，实义动词）、How dare you...（你竟敢……，情态动词） 【用法示例】 He dare not go out alone at night.（他晚上不敢独自外出。）She dares to speak in front of a large crowd.（她敢于在众人面前发言。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He ______ not tell his parents the truth. ① dare ② dares ③ dared ④ daring 2.She doesn't ______ to ask the teacher for help. ① dare ② dares ③ dared ④ daring 3.How ______ you say such rude words to her? ① dare ② dares ③ dared ④ daring （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He ______ (dare) not go near the dog because he is afraid of it. 5.She ______ (dare) to challenge the difficulty when she was young. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他不敢在课堂上回答问题。 He ______ not answer questions in class. 7.她敢于追求自己的梦想。 She ______ to pursue her own dreams. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. dare 此处为情态动词，多用于否定句，无第三人称单数变化，故选①。 2. dare 此处为实义动词，前面有助动词 doesn't，后接动词原形，故选①。 3. How dare you... 为固定句式，dare 为情态动词，无形式变化，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. dare 5. dared 【解析】 4. 由语境可知，dare 为情态动词，无形式变化，填 dare。 5. 由时间状语 when she was young 可知，句子用一般过去时，dare 为实义动词，过去式为 dared，填 dared。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. dare 7. dares 【解析】 6. dare 此处为情态动词，用于否定句，填 dare。 7. dare 此处为实义动词，主语 She 为第三人称单数，一般现在时中用 dares。 20. decision n. 决定 【搭配积累】make a decision（做决定）、reach a decision（做出决定）、change one's decision（改变决定）、the decision to do sth.（做某事的决定） 【用法示例】 She made a decision to study abroad.（她决定出国留学。） The committee reached a decision after a long discussion.（委员会经过长时间讨论做出了决定。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He made a ______ to quit his job and start his own business. ① decision ② plan ③ idea ④ thought 2.We need to reach a ______ before the meeting ends. ① decision ② agreement ③ conclusion ④ result 3.Her ______ to move to Paris surprised all of us. ① decision ② choice ③ selection ④ option （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He finally made a ______ (decision) after thinking for a whole night. 5.The manager's ______ (decision) influenced the development of the company. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.我还没有做出决定，需要再考虑一下。 I haven't made a ______ yet; I need to think again. 7.他改变了决定，决定留在国内上大学。 He changed his ______ and decided to go to college in China. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. 固定搭配 make a decision（做决定），为固定短语，故选①。 2. 固定搭配 reach a decision（做出决定），agreement 表“同意”，conclusion 表“结论”，result 表“结果”，故选①。 3. 句意“她决定搬到巴黎，这让我们所有人都很惊讶”，decision 侧重经过思考后的决定，choice、selection、option 侧重选择，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. decision 5. decision 【解析】 4. 空格前为不定冠词 a，后接名词单数，填 decision。 5. 空格前为名词所有格 manager's，后接名词，此处表单一决定，填 decision。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. decision 7. decision 【解析】 6. 固定搭配 make a decision，填 decision。 7. 空格前为形容词性物主代词 his，后接名词，填 decision。 21. proud adj. 骄傲的；自豪的 【搭配积累】be proud of（为……感到自豪）、be proud to do sth.（自豪地做某事）、a proud moment（自豪的时刻）、proud of oneself（自满） 【用法示例】 I am proud of my son's achievements.（我为儿子的成就感到自豪。） She is proud to be a volunteer.（她为成为一名志愿者而自豪。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Her parents are very ______ of her because she won the competition. ① proud ② pleased ③ happy ④ glad 2.He is too ______ to listen to others' advice.（贬义） ① proud ② arrogant ③ modest ④ humble 3.She is ______ to represent her school in the national competition. ① proud ② honored ③ lucky ④ fortunate （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.We are ______ (proud) of our country's rapid development. 5.It was a ______ (proud) moment for her when she received the award. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.我为自己是中国人而感到自豪。 I am ______ of being a Chinese. 7.她为女儿的进步感到骄傲。 She is ______ of her daughter's progress. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. 固定搭配 be proud of（为……感到自豪），pleased、happy、glad 均表“高兴的”，无此搭配，故选①。 2. 句意“他太骄傲了，听不进别人的建议”，proud 可表贬义“骄傲的”，arrogant 表“傲慢的”，程度过重，故选①。 3. 固定搭配 be proud to do sth.（自豪地做某事），honored 表“荣幸的”，lucky 和 fortunate 表“幸运的”，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. proud 5. proud 【解析】 4. 固定搭配 be proud of，空格处填形容词 proud。 5. 空格处修饰名词 moment，用形容词 proud，表“自豪的时刻”。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. proud 7. proud 解析：两题均考查固定搭配 be proud of，故填 proud。 22. as well 也；又 【搭配积累】用于肯定句末，补充说明某人或某事也具备某种情况。 【用法示例】 I like English, and I like math as well.（我喜欢英语，也喜欢数学。） She can play the piano as well.（她也会弹钢琴。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He likes playing basketball, and he likes swimming ______. ① as well ② too ③ also ④ either 2.She can speak French, and she can speak German ______. ① as well ② also ③ besides ④ except 3.I will go to the party, and my sister will go ______. ① as well ② too ③ also ④ neither （二）单句填空（用所给短语适当形式填空） 4.He is good at playing the guitar, and he can sing ______ (as well). 5.She bought a book for herself, and she bought one for me ______ (as well). （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.我也要去超市，我们一起吧。 I will go to the supermarket ______; let's go together. 7.他会画画，也会书法。 He can draw, and he can do calligraphy ______. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. as well 用于肯定句末，无需逗号；too 需用逗号隔开；also 用于句中；either 用于否定句末，故选①。 2. 此处表“也会说德语”，as well 用于句末，符合语境；also 用于句中，besides 和 except 表“除了……之外”，故选①。 3. 同理，as well 用于肯定句末，无需逗号，符合语境，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. as well 5. as well 【解析】 as well 无形式变化，用于句末补充说明“也”，故两空均填 as well。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. as well 7. as well 解析：两题均需在句末表“也”，且无需逗号，故填 as well。 23. repeat v. 重复 【搭配积累】repeat a word（重复一个词）、repeat an action（重复一个动作）、repeat oneself（重复自己的话）、repeat the mistake（重蹈覆辙） 【用法示例】 Please repeat what you said just now.（请重复一下你刚才说的话。）History should not repeat itself.（历史不应重蹈覆辙。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Could you ______ the question? I didn't hear it clearly. ① repeat ② say ③ tell ④ speak 2.He always ______ his mistakes, which makes his teacher angry. ① repeats ② makes ③ does ④ commits 3.She asked me to ______ the instructions carefully. ① repeat ② read ③ follow ④ obey （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The teacher ______ (repeat) the key points several times to make sure we understood. 5.He is always ______ (repeat) the same story to everyone he meets. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.请不要重复我说的话。 Please don't ______ what I said. 7.他重复了一遍答案，让大家都能听见。 He ______ the answer so that everyone could hear it. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ① ① 【解析】 1. 句意“你能重复一下这个问题吗？我没听清”，repeat 表“重复”，符合语境；say、tell、speak 均表“说”，无重复含义，故选①。 2. 固定搭配 repeat one's mistakes（重蹈覆辙），为固定短语，故选①。 3. 句意“她让我仔细重复一下说明”，repeat 表“重复”，read 表“阅读”，follow 和 obey 表“遵守”，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. repeated 5. repeating 【解析】 4. 由语境可知，动作已发生，用一般过去时，repeat 的过去式为 repeated，填 repeated。 5. 由 is always 可知，句子用现在进行时，填 repeating。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. repeat 7. repeated 【解析】 6. 空格前为助动词 don't，后接动词原形，填 repeat。 7. 由后半句 could 可知，句子用一般过去时，填 repeated。 24. though conj. 虽然；尽管 【搭配积累】though 引导的从句可置于句首或句末；as though（好像、仿佛） 【用法示例】 Though he is young, he knows a lot.（虽然他年纪小，但他懂得很多。） It was raining hard; we went out, though.（雨下得很大，不过我们还是出去了。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.______ he is tired, he still keeps working. ① Though ② Because ③ Since ④ As 2.She didn't go to school, ______ she was ill. ① though ② because ③ so ④ but 3.He failed the exam, ______ he didn't give up. ① though ② but ③ however ④ yet （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.______ (though) it was cold, she went out without a coat. 5.He is not good at English; he works hard at it, ______ (though). （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.虽然他跑得慢，但他坚持跑完了全程。（though） ______ he ran slowly, he kept running to the end. 7.这道菜有点贵，不过味道很好。（though） The dish is a bit expensive; it tastes good, ______. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】① ② ① 【解析】 1. 句意“虽然他很累，但他仍然继续工作”，though引导让步状语从句，符合语境；because、since、as均表原因，故选①。 2. 句意“她没去上学，因为她生病了”，此处表原因，用because；though表让步，so表结果，but表转折，故选②。 3. 句意“他考试失利了，但他没有放弃”，though可作连词引导让步状语从句，置于句首或句中，不与but连用；however需用逗号隔开，yet语气较弱，故选①。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4. Though 5. though 【解析】 4. 空格处引导让步状语从句，置于句首，首字母大写，填Though。 5. 空格处作副词，用于句末表“不过、然而”，小写即可，填though。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6. Though 7. though 【解析】 6. 空格处引导让步状语从句，置于句首，首字母大写，填Though。 7. 空格处作副词，用于句末表转折，填though。 25. even though 即使；虽然 【搭配积累】后接完整句子，可与still、yet等连用增强语气。 【用法示例】 Even though he was tired, he continued to finish his work.（即使他很累，还是坚持完成了工作。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.______ she is only 12 years old, she can cook delicious food. ① A. Because ② B. Even though ③ C. If ④ D. When 2.He didn’t give up ______ he failed many times. ① A. even though ② B. as if ③ C. so that ④ D. in order that 3.______ the weather is bad, we will go hiking tomorrow. ① A. Unless ② B. Even though ③ C. Since ④ D. Because （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.______ (even though) he has no money, he always helps the poor. 5.She kept working ______ (even though) she felt uncomfortable. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.即使下雨，我们也要按时到达那里。（even though） We must arrive there on time ______ ______ ______ raining. 7.虽然他不擅长英语，但他从未放弃学习。（even though） ______ ______ ______ not good at English, he never gives up learning it. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】1．② 2．① 3．② 【解析】 1．句意为“即使她只有12岁，也能做美味的食物”，前后为让步关系，故选B。A表原因，C表条件，D表时间，均不符合语境。 2．句意为“即使失败了很多次，他也没放弃”，空格前后为让步关系，故选A。B表“好像”，C、D表目的，均不符合。 3．句意为“即使天气不好，我们明天也要去徒步”，前后为让步关系，故选B。A表“除非”，C、D表原因，均不符合。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4．Even though 5．even though 【解析】 4、5题均为让步状语从句，even though为连词短语，无需变形，直接引导从句即可。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6．even though it’s 7．Even though he’s 【解析】 6．“下雨”用it’s raining表达，even though引导让步从句，故填even though it’s。 7．“他不擅长”为he’s not good at，even though可置于句首，首字母大写，故填Even though he’s。 26. solution n. 解决办法；解决 【搭配积累】find a solution（找到解决办法）、offer a solution（提供解决办法）、a solution to the problem（问题的解决办法）。 【用法示例】 We finally found a solution to the environmental problem.（我们最终找到了环境问题的解决办法。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Is there any ______ to this difficult math problem? ① A. solution ② B. way ③ C. method ④ D. manner 2.She offered a practical ______ to the company’s financial trouble. ① A. solve ② B. solution ③ C. solving ④ D. solved 3.The key ______ the problem is the same as the solution ______ it. ① A. to; to ② B. of; of ③ C. to; of ④ D. of; to （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.We need to find a ______ (solution) to deal with the traffic jam. 5.There are many ______ (solution) to the problem of air pollution. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.我们必须尽快找到这个问题的解决办法。（solution） We must find ______ ______ ______ this problem as soon as possible. 7.他提出的解决办法很有效。（solution） The ______ he offered is very effective. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】1．① 2．② 3．① 【解析】 1．句中缺少名词，且与介词to搭配（题干隐含to this problem），solution符合；way、method、manner虽可表“方法”，但不与to搭配，故选A。 2．空格前有不定冠词a，需填名词，solution为名词“解决办法”；solve为动词，solving为动名词，solved为过去式/过去分词，均不符合，故选B。 3．key和solution后均接介词to，为固定搭配，句意为“问题的关键和解决办法是一样的”，故选A。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4．solution 5．solutions 【解析】 4．空格前有不定冠词a，填单数形式solution。 5．空格前有many，后接可数名词复数，故填solutions。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6．a solution to 7．solution 【解析】 6．“一个解决办法”为a solution，与to搭配，故填a solution to。 7．“解决办法”为solution，此处特指他提出的，用单数即可，故填solution。 27. negative adj. 否定的；消极的 【搭配积累】negative attitude（消极态度）、negative answer（否定答案）、negative effect（负面影响）、negative thinking（消极想法）。 【用法示例】 Don’t have a negative attitude towards life.（不要对生活抱有消极的态度。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.She gave a ______ reply when asked if she would join the party. ① A. positive ② B. negative ③ C. normal ④ D. deep 2.His ______ thinking always makes him feel unhappy. ① A. negative ② B. mean ③ C. awake ④ D. normal 3.The medicine has some ______ effects on the body. ① A. negative ② B. positive ③ C. active ④ D. friendly （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.We should avoid ______ (negative) thoughts and keep optimistic. 5.He refused to give a ______ (negative) answer to the question. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.不要对这件事有消极的看法。（negative） Don’t have a ______ ______ about this matter. 7.老师对他的行为给出了否定的评价。（negative） The teacher gave a ______ ______ on his behavior. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】1．② 2．① 3．① 【解析】 1．句意为“当被问及是否参加派对时，她给出了否定的回答”，negative“否定的”符合语境；A表“肯定的”，C表“正常的”，D表“深的”，均不符合，故选B。 2．句意为“他的消极想法总是让他不开心”，negative“消极的”搭配thinking，符合语境；B表“刻薄的”，C表“醒着的”，D表“正常的”，均不符合，故选A。 3．句意为“这种药对身体有一些负面影响”，negative effect“负面影响”为固定搭配；B、C表“积极的”，D表“友好的”，均不符合，故选A。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4．negative 5．negative 【解析】 4、5题中negative均为形容词，修饰后面的名词（thoughts/answer），无需变形，直接使用原词即可。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6．negative opinion 7．negative comment 【解析】 6．“消极的看法”为negative opinion，不定冠词a后接单数名词，故填negative opinion。 7．“否定的评价”为negative comment，不定冠词a后接单数名词，故填negative comment。 28. shout at sb 冲某人喊叫 【搭配积累】shout at sb（冲某人喊）；shout at sb for sth（因某事冲某人喊）。 【用法示例】 He shouted at his son for breaking the window.（他因儿子打碎窗户而冲他喊叫。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Don’t ______ the old man; he is too weak. ① A. shout at ② B. shout to ③ C. talk to ④ D. speak to 2.She ______ her brother for losing her favorite book yesterday. ① A. shouted at ② B. smiled at ③ C. looked at ④ D. pointed at 3.He had to ______ his friend in the noisy street to make himself heard. ① A. shout at ② B. shout to ③ C. laugh at ④ D. cry to （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.My mother never ______ (shout) at me when I make mistakes. 5.He ______ (shout) at his dog just now because it bit the sofa. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.不要冲孩子喊叫，这会伤害他们的自尊心。（shout at sb） Don’t ______ ______ the children; it will hurt their self-esteem. 7.他因为我迟到而冲我大喊。（shout at sb） He ______ ______ me because I was late. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】1．① 2．① 3．② 【解析】 1．句意为“不要冲老人喊叫，他太虚弱了”，此处带有指责情绪，用shout at；shout to无情绪色彩，talk to、speak to表“和……说话”，均不符合，故选A。 2．句意为“昨天她因弟弟弄丢了她最喜欢的书而冲他喊叫”，结合语境可知是生气地喊，用shouted at；B表“对……微笑”，C表“看……”，D表“指向……”，均不符合，故选A。 3．句意为“在嘈杂的街上，他不得不对朋友大声喊以让自己被听见”，此处无情绪，仅为让对方听见，用shout to；shout at带情绪，laugh at表“嘲笑”，cry to表“向……哭”，均不符合，故选B。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4．shouts 5．shouted 【解析】 4．由never和when引导的时间状语从句可知，主句用一般现在时，主语My mother为第三人称单数，故填shouts。 5．由just now（刚才）可知，句子用一般过去时，shout的过去式为shouted，故填shouted。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6．shout at 7．shouted at 【解析】 6．Don’t后接动词原形，“冲……喊叫”为shout at，故填shout at。 7．由because从句中的was可知，主句用一般过去时，故填shouted at。 29. behave v. 表现；举止得体 【搭配积累】1. behave well/badly（表现好/差）；2. behave oneself（举止得体、守规矩）；3. behave towards sb（对某人表现出……态度）。 【用法示例】 The children behaved well at the party.（孩子们在派对上表现得很好。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.You should ______ well when you visit your grandparents. ① A. behave ② B. believe ③ C. become ④ D. break 2.The little boy ______ himself in the restaurant, so his parents were proud of him. ① A. behaved ② B. helped ③ C. enjoyed ④ D. taught 3.How did she ______ towards you when you met her yesterday? ① A. behave ② B. look ③ C. feel ④ D. sound （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.Please ______ (behave) yourself in the library; it’s quiet here. 5.He ______ (behave) badly at school yesterday, so the teacher called his parents. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.在公共场合要举止得体。（behave） You should ______ ______ in public. 7.这个女孩在陌生人面前表现得很有礼貌。（behave） The girl ______ ______ in front of strangers. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】1．① 2．① 3．① 【解析】 1．句意为“拜访祖父母时你应该表现得好一些”，behave well“表现好”为固定搭配，符合语境；B表“相信”，C表“成为”，D表“打破”，均不符合，故选A。 2．句意为“小男孩在餐厅里举止得体，所以他的父母为他感到骄傲”，behave oneself“举止得体”为固定搭配，符合语境；B表“帮助”，C表“享受”，D表“教”，均不符合，故选A。 3．句意为“昨天你见到她时，她对你表现出怎样的态度？”，behave towards sb“对某人表现出……态度”为固定搭配，符合语境；B表“看起来”，C表“感觉”，D表“听起来”，均不符合，故选A。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4．behave 5．behaved 【解析】 4．Please后接动词原形，构成祈使句，故填behave。 5．由yesterday可知，句子用一般过去时，behave的过去式为behaved，故填behaved。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6．behave properly 7．behaves politely 【解析】 6．“举止得体”可译为behave properly，should后接动词原形，故填behave properly。 7．“表现得有礼貌”为behave politely，句子陈述一般情况，主语The girl为第三人称单数，故填behaves politely。 30. awake adj. 醒着的 【搭配积累】1. 常作表语，如be awake、stay awake（保持清醒）、keep awake（使清醒）；2. 可与half、fully等副词连用，如half awake（半睡半醒的）。 【用法示例】 She was still awake at midnight thinking about her work.（她半夜还醒着，在想工作的事。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He stayed ______ all night to finish his homework. ① A. awake ② B. asleep ③ C. sleepy ④ D. tired 2.The baby is ______; don’t make any noise. ① A. awake ② B. asleep ③ C. awake ④ D. happy 3.She was half ______ when she heard the doorbell ring. ① A. awake ② B. wake ③ C. woken ④ D. waking （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The old man has trouble staying ______ (awake) at night. 5.She found her son ______ (awake) when she got home. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.我昨天晚上醒着到很晚，看了一本书。（awake） I stayed ______ late last night reading a book. 7.噪音使我一整晚都醒着。（awake） The noise kept me ______ all night. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】1．① 2．① 3．① 【解析】 1．句意为“他整晚都醒着完成作业”，stay awake“保持清醒”为固定搭配，符合语境；B表“睡着的”，C表“困倦的”，D表“疲惫的”，均不符合，故选A。 2．句意为“宝宝醒着，别出声”，awake“醒着的”作表语，符合语境；B表“睡着的”，D表“开心的”，均不符合，故选A。 3．句意为“她听到门铃响时半睡半醒”，half awake“半睡半醒的”为固定搭配，awake为形容词作表语；B为动词“叫醒”，C为过去分词，D为现在分词，均不符合，故选A。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4．awake 5．awake 【解析】 4．stay为系动词，后接形容词作表语，awake为形容词，无需变形，故填awake。 5．find sb + 形容词，表“发现某人处于某种状态”，awake为形容词作宾语补足语，故填awake。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6．awake 7．awake 【解析】 6．stay awake“保持清醒”为固定搭配，故填awake。 7．keep sb awake“使某人保持清醒”为固定搭配，awake作宾语补足语，故填awake。 31. normal adj. 正常的；普通的 【搭配积累】normal life（正常生活）、normal temperature（正常体温）、normal situation（正常情况）、normal people（普通人）。 【用法示例】 It’s normal to feel nervous before an exam.（考试前感到紧张是正常的。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.After the storm, everything returned to ______. ① A. normal ② B. negative ③ C. deep ④ D. mean 2.It’s ______ for a child to start speaking at the age of two. ① A. normal ② B. awake ③ C. mean ④ D. deep 3.She leads a ______ life with her family in a small town. ① A. normal ② B. negative ③ C. active ④ D. special （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.His temperature is ______ (normal); there’s no need to worry. 5.It’s ______ (normal) for him to be late; he is always on time. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.这种天气在这个季节是正常的。（normal） This kind of weather is ______ in this season. 7.他希望尽快恢复正常生活。（normal） He hopes to return to his ______ ______ as soon as possible. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】1．① 2．① 3．① 【解析】 1．句意为“暴风雨过后，一切恢复正常”，return to normal“恢复正常”为固定搭配，符合语境；B表“消极的”，C表“深的”，D表“刻薄的”，均不符合，故选A。 2．句意为“孩子在两岁开始说话是正常的”，normal“正常的”符合语境；B表“醒着的”，C表“刻薄的”，D表“深的”，均不符合，故选A。 3．句意为“她和家人在小镇上过着普通的生活”，normal“普通的”符合语境；B表“消极的”，C表“积极的”，D表“特别的”，均不符合，故选A。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4．normal 5．abnormal（normal的反义词） 【解析】 4．句意为“他的体温正常，没必要担心”，normal“正常的”作表语，符合语境，故填normal。 5．由“他总是准时”可知，他迟到是反常的，abnormal为normal的反义词“反常的”，故填abnormal。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6．normal 7．normal life 【解析】 6．空格处需填形容词作表语，normal“正常的”符合语境，故填normal。 7．“正常生活”为normal life，形容词normal修饰名词life，故填normal life。 32. mean adj. 刻薄的；吝啬的 【搭配积累】mean to sb（对某人刻薄）、mean with money（对钱吝啬）、a mean comment（刻薄的评论）。 【用法示例】 She is not mean; she just doesn’t like to waste money.（她不吝啬，只是不喜欢浪费钱。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He made a ______ comment about her appearance, which made her sad. ① A. mean ② B. normal ③ C. deep ④ D. awake 2.My uncle is very ______ with his money; he never buys new clothes. ① A. mean ② B. kind ③ C. generous ④ D. friendly 3.Don’t be ______ to your little sister; she is only five years old. ① A. mean ② B. nice ③ C. good ④ D. kind （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.She is always ______ (mean) to her classmates, so no one likes her. 5.He is ______ (mean) with his time and never helps others. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他对朋友很刻薄，经常说伤人的话。（mean） He is ______ ______ his friends and often says hurtful words. 7.那个老人对钱很吝啬，不愿意捐一分钱。（mean） The old man is ______ ______ money and unwilling to donate a cent. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】1．① 2．① 3．① 【解析】 1．句意为“他对她的外貌发表了刻薄的评论，让她很伤心”，mean“刻薄的”修饰comment，符合语境；B表“正常的”，C表“深的”，D表“醒着的”，均不符合，故选A。 2．句意为“我叔叔对钱很吝啬，从不买新衣服”，mean with money“对钱吝啬”为固定搭配，符合语境；B、D表“友好的”，C表“慷慨的”，均不符合，故选A。 3．句意为“别对你妹妹刻薄，她才五岁”，be mean to sb“对某人刻薄”为固定搭配，符合语境；B、C、D均表“好的、友好的”，与句意相反，故选A。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4．mean 5．mean 【解析】 4、5题中mean均为形容词，分别与be动词is、be动词is构成系表结构，无需变形，直接使用原词即可。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6．mean to 7．mean with 【解析】 6．“对某人刻薄”为be mean to sb，故填mean to。 7．“对钱吝啬”为be mean with money，故填mean with。 33. deep adj. 深的；有……深的 【搭配积累】deep water（深水）、deep hole（深洞）、three meters deep（三米深）、deep love（深厚的爱）。 【用法示例】 The river is about two meters deep.（这条河大约有两米深。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The swimmer is afraid to go into the ______ water. ① A. deep ② B. mean ③ C. normal ④ D. negative 2.The snow here is half a meter ______. ① A. deep ② B. deeply ③ C. depth ④ D. deeper 3.She has a ______ love for her hometown. ① A. deep ② B. deep ③ C. awake ④ D. mean （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The workers dug a ______ (deep) hole to plant the tree. 5.The lake is much ______ (deep) than I thought. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.这个游泳池有五米深。（deep） The swimming pool is ______ ______ ______. 7.他们在山里发现了一个很深的洞穴。（deep） They found a ______ ______ in the mountain. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】1．① 2．① 3．① 【解析】 1．句意为“游泳者不敢进入深水区”，deep“深的”修饰water，符合语境；B表“刻薄的”，C表“正常的”，D表“消极的”，均不符合，故选A。 2．句意为“这里的雪有半米深”，“数词+单位+deep”表“有……深”，deep为形容词，符合结构；B为副词，C为名词“深度”，D为比较级（无比较对象），均不符合，故选A。 3．句意为“她对家乡有深厚的感情”，deep“深厚的”修饰love，符合语境；C表“醒着的”，D表“刻薄的”，均不符合，故选A。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4．deep 5．deeper 【解析】 4．空格处需填形容词修饰名词hole，deep为形容词原级，故填deep。 5．由than可知，句子用比较级，deep的比较级为deeper，故填deeper。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6．five meters deep 7．deep cave 【解析】 6．“五米深”用“five meters deep”表达，符合“数词+单位+deep”的结构，故填five meters deep。 7．“很深的洞穴”为deep cave，不定冠词a后接单数名词，故填deep cave。 34. remain v. 继续存在；保持不变 【搭配积累】1. remain + 形容词（如remain calm“保持冷静”）；2. remain + 介词短语（如remain in silence“保持沉默”）；3. remain + 名词（如remain a mystery“仍是一个谜”）。 【用法示例】 Please remain quiet during the meeting.（会议期间请保持安静。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.We should ______ calm when we face danger. ① A. remain ② B. behave ③ C. shout ④ D. mean 2.The problem ______ unsolved for many years. ① A. remains ② B. becomes ③ C. turns ④ D. keeps 3.After the party, only a few guests ______ in the hall. ① A. remained ② B. stayed ③ C. left ④ D. went （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The door ______ (remain) open all night yesterday. 5.He ______ (remain) silent when asked about the accident. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.面对困难时，我们必须保持乐观。（remain） We must ______ ______ when facing difficulties. 7.这个秘密仍然不为人知。（remain） The secret ______ ______ to this day. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】1．① 2．① 3．① 【解析】 1．句意为“面对危险时我们应该保持冷静”，remain calm“保持冷静”为固定搭配，remain后接形容词作表语，符合语境；B表“表现”，C表“喊叫”，D表“刻薄”，均不符合，故选A。 2．句意为“这个问题多年来一直未解决”，remain unsolved“保持未解决的状态”，remain后接形容词作表语，符合语境；B、C表“变得”，D为及物动词，需接宾语，均不符合，故选A。 3．句意为“派对结束后，只有几位客人留在大厅里”，remain“停留、遗留”为不及物动词，符合语境；B表“停留”但需接介词，C表“离开”，D表“去”，均不符合，故选A。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4．remained 5．remained 【解析】 4．由yesterday可知，句子用一般过去时，remain的过去式为remained，故填remained。 5．由asked可知，句子用一般过去时，故填remained。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6．remain optimistic 7．remains unknown 【解析】 6．“保持乐观”为remain optimistic，must后接动词原形，故填remain optimistic。 7．“不为人知”为remain unknown，句子陈述一般情况，主语The secret为第三人称单数，故填remains unknown。 35. not only ...but also ... 不但……而且…… 【搭配积累】1. 连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”；2. 连接并列句子时，not only置于句首，主句需部分倒装；3. 可连接并列宾语、定语、状语等。 【用法示例】 She not only sings well but also dances beautifully.（她不但唱歌好，而且跳舞也很棒。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.______ he is a teacher, but also he is a writer. ① A. Not only ② B. Not only is ③ C. Not only does ④ D. Not only has 2.Not only my parents but also I ______ interested in reading. ① A. am ② B. is ③ C. are ④ D. be 3.She not only speaks English well ______ can write it perfectly. ① A. but also ② B. but ③ C. and ④ D. so （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.Not only he but also his sister ______ (like) playing the piano. 5.Not only does she study hard, but also she ______ (help) others often. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 6.他不但会打篮球，而且会踢足球。（not only ...but also ...） He can ______ ______ play basketball ______ ______ play football. 7.这个故事不但有趣，而且很有教育意义。（not only ...but also ...） The story is ______ ______ interesting ______ ______ educational. 答案与解析： （一）单项选择 【答案】1．② 2．① 3．① 【解析】 1．句意为“他不仅是一名老师，还是一名作家”，not only连接并列句子且置于句首时，主句需部分倒装，原句为he is a teacher，倒装后为is he，故选B。 2．句意为“不仅我的父母，我也对阅读感兴趣”，not only...but also...连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语是I，故用am，选A。 3．句意为“她不仅英语说得好，而且写得也完美”，not only...but also...为固定搭配，连接并列谓语，故选A。 （二）单句填空 【答案】4．likes 5．helps 【解析】 4．not only...but also...连接并列主语，谓语动词就近原则，靠近谓语的主语是his sister（第三人称单数），故填likes。 5．not only引导的句子倒装，but also引导的句子用陈述句语序，主语she为第三人称单数，故填helps。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】6．not only; but also 7．not only; but also 【解析】 6．not only...but also...连接并列谓语动词play，故填not only; but also。 7．not only...but also...连接并列形容词interesting和educational，故填not only; but also。 ◇Part 03 词汇强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 单项选择 1. We need to find a proper way to ______ this difficult problem. A. deal with B. look for C. think of D. put away 2. She couldn't hide her ______ when she heard the exciting news. A. emotion B. hobby C. habit D. mistake 3. Lily felt ______ after her best friend moved to another city. A. upset B. happy C. excited D. relaxed 4. The old man lives ______ in the village, but he never feels lonely. A. alone B. nearly C. hardly D. almost 5. It's important to learn to ______ your temper when you are angry. A. control B. lose C. show D. find 6. His eyes were full of ______ when he knew he was cheated. A. anger B. joy C. surprise D. fear 7. My teacher always ______ me to read more English books after class. A. advises B. stops C. avoids D. refuses 8. Those ______ words made her cry for a long time. A. hurtful B. helpful C. careful D. wonderful 9. ______, please be more careful with your homework. A. In future B. In fact C. In short D. In all 10. You should ______ him for his mistake because he didn't do it on purpose. A. forgive B. forget C. leave D. punish 11. It's not my ______ that the train was late; I told you the correct time. A. fault B. plan C. idea D. decision 12. They had a long talk to ______ and finally became good friends again. A. clear the air B. look up C. give up D. put off 13. My father gave me a valuable ______ on my birthday. A. present B. lesson C. story D. message 14. This school has very high ______ for student behavior. A. standards B. rules C. signs D. levels 15. He won the first ______ in the English speaking competition. A. award B. game C. match D. race 16. I tried my best to ______ my idea to the audience, but some still didn't understand. A. get across B. get up C. get off D. get on 17. Please speak ______ so that everyone in the room can hear you. A. clearly B. quickly C. quietly D. slowly 18. Too much study ______ may make students feel tired and stressed. A. pressure B. pleasure C. power D. pride 19. What is the main ______ of your visit to this city? A. purpose B. result C. reason D. answer 20. I didn't break the cup ______; it was an accident. A. on purpose B. by chance C. in time D. at first 21. The number of students in this class has ______ because some moved to other classes. A. reduced by half B. grown up C. taken off D. given up 22. You should ______ to her because you said something wrong yesterday. A. apologize B. explain C. complain D. reply 23. You should ______ and think about how she felt when you criticized her. A. put yourself in her shoes B. look forward to C. pay attention to D. take care of 24. She ______ the door and went to bed without saying a word. A. shut B. opened C. cleaned D. repaired 25. His parents ______ him away from his friends because they wanted him to focus on study. A. shut B. sent C. took D. kept 26. ______, I want to thank everyone who helped me during this project. A. Lastly B. Firstly C. Suddenly D. Recently 27. There is ______ of time, so we don't need to hurry. A. plenty B. little C. few D. much 28. We have ______ food and drinks for the party, so you don't need to bring anything. A. plenty of B. a little C. a few D. a lot 29. He has been ______ since he failed the exam. A. feeling blue B. feeling good C. feeling hungry D. feeling cold 30. She was ______ when she got the offer from her dream school. A. on top of the world B. under the weather C. in trouble D. at risk 31. After hearing the good news, she was ______ all day long. A. all smile B. all tears C. all eyes D. all ears 32. He has been ______ in spirits these days because his pet dog got lost. A. in low spirits B. in high spirits C. in good health D. in bad luck 33. The telephone ______ when I was taking a shower. A. rang B. sang C. cried D. shouted 34. Nobody is allowed to ______ the meeting room without permission. A. enter B. leave C. clean D. decorate 35. She didn't ______ to speak in front of so many people. A. dare B. decide C. hope D. agree 36. ______ in our class likes English because our teacher teaches it well. A. Everybody B. Somebody C. Anybody D. Nobody 37. Don't ______ your parents ______; they have high expectations for you. A. let; down B. put; up C. take; off D. turn; on 38. The coach is always ______ his players, but it's because he wants them to improve. A. hard on B. good at C. afraid of D. interested in 39. All the team members need to ______ to win the game. A. pull together B. fall apart C. give up D. cheer up 40. ______ he is young, he knows a lot about history. A. Even though B. Because C. Since D. When 答案及解析： 1. A 【解析】句意“我们需要找到一个合适的方法来处理这个难题”。A选项“deal with”意为“处理；对付”，符合语境；B选项“look for”意为“寻找”；C选项“think of”意为“想到；认为”；D选项“put away”意为“收好；储存”，均不符合题意。 2. A 【解析】句意“听到这个令人兴奋的消息时，她无法掩饰自己的情绪”。A选项“emotion”意为“情感；情绪”，符合语境；B选项“hobby”意为“爱好”；C选项“habit”意为“习惯”；D选项“mistake”意为“错误”，均不符合题意。 3. A 【解析】句意“莉莉最好的朋友搬到另一个城市后，她感到难过”。A选项“upset”意为“难过的；沮丧的”，符合语境；B选项“happy”意为“高兴的”；C选项“excited”意为“兴奋的”；D选项“relaxed”意为“放松的”，均不符合题意。 4. A 【解析】句意“这位老人独自住在村子里，但他从不感到孤独”。A选项“alone”意为“独自；单独”，强调独自一人的状态，符合语境；B选项“nearly”意为“几乎”；C选项“hardly”意为“几乎不”；D选项“almost”意为“几乎”，均不符合题意。 5. A 【解析】句意“生气的时候学会控制自己的脾气很重要”。A选项“control”意为“控制”，符合语境；B选项“lose”意为“失去”；C选项“show”意为“展示”；D选项“find”意为“找到”，均不符合题意。 6. A 【解析】句意“当他知道自己被骗时，眼里充满了怒火”。A选项“anger”意为“怒火”，符合语境；B选项“joy”意为“快乐”；C选项“surprise”意为“惊讶”；D选项“fear”意为“害怕”，均不符合题意。 7. A 【解析】句意“我的老师总是建议我课后多读英语书”。A选项“advises”意为“建议；劝告”，符合语境；B选项“stops”意为“阻止”；C选项“avoids”意为“避免”；D选项“refuses”意为“拒绝”，均不符合题意。 8. A 【解析】句意“那些伤感情的话让她哭了很久”。A选项“hurtful”意为“伤感情的”，符合语境；B选项“helpful”意为“有帮助的”；C选项“careful”意为“小心的”；D选项“wonderful”意为“精彩的”，均不符合题意。 9. A 【解析】句意“今后，请更认真地对待你的作业”。A选项“In future”意为“今后；从今以后”，符合语境；B选项“In fact”意为“事实上”；C选项“In short”意为“总之”；D选项“In all”意为“总共”，均不符合题意。 10. A 【解析】句意“你应该原谅他的错误，因为他不是故意的”。A选项“forgive”意为“原谅；宽恕”，符合语境；B选项“forget”意为“忘记”；C选项“leave”意为“离开”；D选项“punish”意为“惩罚”，均不符合题意。 11. A 【解析】句意“火车晚点不是我的错，我告诉你的是正确时间”。A选项“fault”意为“过错；责任”，符合语境；B选项“plan”意为“计划”；C选项“idea”意为“想法”；D选项“decision”意为“决定”，均不符合题意。 12. A 【解析】句意“他们进行了一次长谈来尽释前嫌，最后又成了好朋友”。A选项“clear the air”意为“尽释前嫌”，符合语境；B选项“look up”意为“查阅；抬头看”；C选项“give up”意为“放弃”；D选项“put off”意为“推迟”，均不符合题意。 13. A 【解析】句意“我爸爸在我生日那天给了我一份珍贵的礼物”。A选项“present”意为“礼物”，符合语境；B选项“lesson”意为“课；教训”；C选项“story”意为“故事”；D选项“message”意为“信息”，均不符合题意。 14. A 【解析】句意“这所学校对学生行为有很高的标准”。A选项“standards”意为“标准；水平”，符合语境；B选项“rules”意为“规则”；C选项“signs”意为“标志”；D选项“levels”意为“水平”，侧重程度，此处“standards”更贴合“行为规范”的含义，故A正确。 15. A 【解析】句意“他在英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖”。A选项“award”意为“奖；奖品”，侧重荣誉性的奖励，符合语境；B选项“game”意为“游戏；比赛”；C选项“match”意为“比赛”；D选项“race”意为“赛跑”，均不符合“获奖”的语境，故A正确。 16. A 【解析】句意“我尽力向观众解释清楚我的想法，但有些人还是不明白”。A选项“get across”意为“解释清楚；传达”，符合语境；B选项“get up”意为“起床”；C选项“get off”意为“下车”；D选项“get on”意为“上车；相处”，均不符合题意。 17. A 【解析】句意“请说清楚一点，以便房间里的每个人都能听到你”。A选项“clearly”意为“清楚地”，符合语境；B选项“quickly”意为“快速地”；C选项“quietly”意为“安静地”；D选项“slowly”意为“慢慢地”，均不符合题意。 18. A 【解析】句意“太多的学习压力可能会让学生感到疲惫和紧张”。A选项“pressure”意为“压力”，符合语境；B选项“pleasure”意为“快乐”；C选项“power”意为“力量”；D选项“pride”意为“骄傲”，均不符合题意。 19. A 【解析】句意“你访问这座城市的主要目的是什么？”。A选项“purpose”意为“目的；意图”，符合语境；B选项“result”意为“结果”；C选项“reason”意为“原因”；D选项“answer”意为“答案”，均不符合题意。 20. A 【解析】句意“我不是故意打碎杯子的，那是个意外”。A选项“on purpose”意为“故意；有意地”，符合语境；B选项“by chance”意为“偶然”；C选项“in time”意为“及时”；D选项“at first”意为“起初”，均不符合题意。 21. A 【解析】句意“这个班的学生人数减少了一半，因为有些学生转到了其他班”。A选项“reduced by half”意为“减少一半”，符合语境；B选项“grown up”意为“长大”；C选项“taken off”意为“起飞；脱下”；D选项“given up”意为“放弃”，均不符合题意。 22. A 【解析】句意“你应该向她道歉，因为你昨天说错话了”。A选项“apologize”意为“道歉”，符合语境；B选项“explain”意为“解释”；C选项“complain”意为“抱怨”；D选项“reply”意为“回复”，均不符合题意。 23. A 【解析】句意“你应该设身处地为她着想，想想你批评她时她的感受”。A选项“put yourself in her shoes”意为“设身处地处于某人的境地”，符合语境；B选项“look forward to”意为“期待”；C选项“pay attention to”意为“注意”；D选项“take care of”意为“照顾”，均不符合题意。 24. A 【解析】句意“她关上房门，一句话也没说就上床睡觉了”。A选项“shut”意为“关闭；合上”，符合语境；B选项“opened”意为“打开”；C选项“cleaned”意为“打扫”；D选项“repaired”意为“修理”，均不符合题意。 25. A 【解析】句意“他的父母把他和朋友们隔离开，因为他们想让他专心学习”。A选项“shut away”意为“把……关（藏）起来；隔离”，符合语境；B选项“sent away”意为“送走”；C选项“taken away”意为“拿走”；D选项“kept away”意为“远离”，均不符合题意。 26. A 【解析】句意“最后，我要感谢所有在这个项目中帮助过我的人”。A选项“Lastly”意为“最后”，符合语境；B选项“Firstly”意为“首先”；C选项“Suddenly”意为“突然”；D选项“Recently”意为“最近”，均不符合题意。 27. A 【解析】句意“时间很充裕，所以我们不需要着急”。A选项“plenty”与“of”搭配表示“充足；大量”，此处“plenty of time”符合语境；B选项“little”意为“很少”，修饰不可数名词，表否定；C选项“few”意为“很少”，修饰可数名词复数，表否定；D选项“much”意为“很多”，但“plenty of”更贴合“充足”的含义，且题干中“plenty”为重点词汇，故A正确。 28. A 【解析】句意“我们为派对准备了充足的食物和饮料，所以你不需要带任何东西”。A选项“plenty of”意为“充足；大量”，可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，符合语境；B选项“a little”意为“一点”，修饰不可数名词；C选项“a few”意为“一点”，修饰可数名词复数；D选项“a lot”需加“of”才能修饰名词，故A正确。 29. A 【解析】句意“自从考试不及格后，他一直感到忧郁”。A选项“feeling blue”意为“感到忧郁的”，符合语境；B选项“feeling good”意为“感觉良好”；C选项“feeling hungry”意为“感到饿”；D选项“feeling cold”意为“感到冷”，均不符合题意。 30. A 【解析】句意“当她收到梦想学校的录取通知时，她欢天喜地”。A选项“on top of the world”意为“欢天喜地”，符合语境；B选项“under the weather”意为“不舒服”；C选项“in trouble”意为“陷入麻烦”；D选项“at risk”意为“处于危险中”，均不符合题意。 31. A 【解析】句意“听到这个好消息后，她一整天都笑容满面”。A选项“all smile”意为“笑容满面”，符合语境；B选项“all tears”意为“泪流满面”；C选项“all eyes”意为“全神贯注”；D选项“all ears”意为“洗耳恭听”，均不符合题意。 32. A 【解析】句意“这些天他情绪低落，因为他的宠物狗丢了”。A选项“in low spirits”意为“情绪低落；精神不振”，符合语境；B选项“in high spirits”意为“情绪高涨”；C选项“in good health”意为“身体健康”；D选项“in bad luck”意为“运气不好”，均不符合题意。 33. A 【解析】句意“我正在洗澡的时候，电话铃响了”。A选项“rang”是“ring”的过去式，意为“发出铃声”，符合语境；B选项“sang”意为“唱歌”；C选项“cried”意为“哭”；D选项“shouted”意为“大喊”，均不符合题意。 34. A 【解析】句意“未经允许，任何人不得进入会议室”。A选项“enter”意为“进入”，符合语境；B选项“leave”意为“离开”；C选项“clean”意为“打扫”；D选项“decorate”意为“装饰”，均不符合题意。 35. A 【解析】句意“她不敢在这么多人面前说话”。A选项“dare”意为“敢于”，可作情态动词或实义动词，此处后接动词原形，符合语境；B选项“decide”意为“决定”，后接“to do”；C选项“hope”意为“希望”，后接“to do”；D选项“agree”意为“同意”，后接“to do”，均不符合题意。 36. A 【解析】句意“我们班每个人都喜欢英语，因为我们的老师教得很好”。A选项“Everybody”意为“每人；所有人”，符合语境；B选项“Somebody”意为“某人”；C选项“Anybody”意为“任何人”，常用于否定句或疑问句；D选项“Nobody”意为“没有人”，均不符合题意。 37. A 【解析】句意“不要让你的父母失望，他们对你有很高的期望”。A选项“let down”意为“使失望”，符合语境；B选项“put up”意为“张贴；举起”；C选项“take off”意为“起飞；脱下”；D选项“turn on”意为“打开”，均不符合题意。 38. A 【解析】句意“教练对他的队员总是很苛刻，但那是因为他想让他们进步”。A选项“be hard on”意为“对……苛刻或过分严厉”，符合语境；B选项“be good at”意为“擅长”；C选项“be afraid of”意为“害怕”；D选项“be interested in”意为“对……感兴趣”，均不符合题意。 39. A 【解析】句意“所有队员都需要齐心协力才能赢得比赛”。A选项“pull together”意为“齐心协力；通力合作”，符合语境；B选项“fall apart”意为“破裂；崩溃”；C选项“give up”意为“放弃”；D选项“cheer up”意为“振作起来”，均不符合题意。 40. A 【解析】句意“尽管他年纪小，但他对历史了解很多”。A选项“Even though”意为“即使；虽然”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境；B选项“Because”意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句；C选项“Since”意为“自从；既然”，引导时间或原因状语从句；D选项“When”意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，均不符合题意。 $